PERENCANAAN BALOK

A Perhitungan beban yang bekerja pada balok

 Beban Vertikal
Berat sendiri Plat Dolphin = 0.3 x 4 x 3 x 2400 = 8640
Beban Hidup Merata = = 2000
qv = 10640

 Beban Horizontal
Akibat beban tumbukan = 0.0016 ton = 1.63880283 kg
Akibat beban Angin = 0.026 ton = 26.263614 kg
Akibat beban arus = 0.533 ton = 533.287755 kg
Akibat Gempa = 1.75 ton = 1750 kg +
= 2.31 ton = 2311.19017 kg

Jadi, beban yang bekerja pada plat untuk setiap m’ adalah :

beban vertikal + beban horisontal
q =
2
10640 + 2311.1902
q =
2
= 6475.595 kg/m’

 Beban Sendiri Balok

Dicoba ukuran Penampang balok :
h = 800 mm
b = 1/2 x h = 400 mm
ts = 50 mm
d = h - ts 1/2 D dicoba tulangan D19
= 800 - 50 - 1/2 22
= 739 mm

Beban Sendiri Balok = 0.8 x 0.4 x 2400 = 768 kg/m

 Perhitungan Beban Berfaktor

q = 1.2 WD + 1.6 WL
= 1.2 6475.595 + 1.6 768.000
= 8999.514 kg/m’

qu = q x L
= 8999.514 x 3.0
= 26998.542 kg

Mu = 1 1/8 x qu x L²
= 1 1/8 x 8999.514 x 3.0
= 10124.453 kgm
q = 8999.514 kg/m’

L = 3.0 m
 F’ = 25 Mpa
 Fy = 350 Mpa

 Perhitungan Reaksi tumpuan

𝚺 MB = 0
RA.L - 1/2q.L² = 0
RA. 3.0 - ½ 8999.51 * 3.0 ² = 0
3 RA - 4097.817 = 0
40497.813
RA =
3
RA = 13499.27 kg

𝚺 MA = 0
RB . L - 1/2q.L² = 0
RB. 3.0 - ½ 8999.51 * 3.0 ² = 0
3 RA - 4097.817 = 0
40497.813
RA =
3
RA = 13499.2712 kg

Mx = RA.x - 1/2. Wu. X²

= 13499.271 x - ½ 8999.51 x²
= 13499.271 x - 4499.7571 x²
Mx
Dx = = 13499.271 - 8999.5141 x
dx

Momen maksimum Dx = 0
Maka, - 8999.5141 x = 13499.271
x = 1.5 m

M max = 13499.271 x - 4499.7571 x²

= 13499.271 ( 1.5 ) - 4499.7571 ( 1.5 )²
= 20248.907 - 10124.453
= 10124.453 kgm

 Perhitungan Tulangan
Diketahui :
f’c = 25 Mpa
fy = 350 Mpa
Mu = 10124.45337 kgm = 101244533.7 Nmm
h = 700 mm
b = 1/2 x h = 350 mm
ts = 50 mm
d = h – ts - 1/2 D dicoba tulangan D22
= 700 - 50 - ½ 22
= 639 mm
 Untuk balok L dari suatu system
Lantai diambil nilai terkecil dari
L
1. Be = Bw +
12
3000
= 350 +
12
= 600 mm
2. Be = Bw + 6,1 t
= 350 + 6.1 * 300
= 2180 mm
Ln
3. Be = Bw +
2
2800
= 350 +
2
= 1750 mm

Perhit. Tinggi manfaat balok (d)

d = h – ts – 1/2 D tulangan D32

= 700 - 50 - 1/2 19
= 640.5 mm
Hitung :
Mu 101244533.661
Mn perlu = = = 126555667.076 Nmm
ø 0.8

Mna = t = 0,85 * f’c * Be * t (d -t/2)

= = 0,85 * 25 * 600 * 300 ( 640.5 - 300 / 2 )

Mnperlu < Mn ada = t dihitung sebagai balok biasa

2Mu
A actual = d- √d² − 0,85∗f′ c∗ ø∗Be
2∗101244533.661
= 640.5 - √640.5² − 0,85∗25∗ 0,85∗600
= 640.5 - 624.81068
= 15.69

0,85∗f′ c∗ Be ∗ a aktual 0,85∗25∗ 600.0 ∗ 15.69

P = =
Bw∗d∗fy 600∗640.5∗350
= 0.00148722
Syarat pmin < p < pmax
As = p*b*d = 0.0014872 * 350 * 640.5 = 333.4 mm²

Pakai tulangan 4 D 22 = 1519.8 mm² > 333.4 mm² aman

- Perhitungan Tulangan Geser

Diambil gaya lintang yang terbesar

RA = VA = 134992.71 N
RA = 134992.7 N
Ukuran balok = 700 x 350 mm
Mutu beton (f’c) = 25 Mpa
Mutu baja (fy) = 350 Mpa

Langkah Perhitungan
1. gaya geser yang diperhitungkan adalah pada lokasi sejauh d = 639 mm dari tumpuan
Vu pada jarak d = 639 mm
(1500 − 639 )
Vu = x 134992.712 = 77485.8164 N
1500.000

2. menentukan ø VC
ø VC = 0.6 * 1/6 √f’c * b *d
= 0.6 * 1/6 √25 * 700 * 639
= 0.6 * 0.8333333 * 700 * 639 = 223650 N
3. tentukan lokasi dimana nilai Vu = ø VC

( 861 - x ) : 861 = 223650 : 77485.816

77485.816 ( 861 - x ) = 861 * 223650
66,715,287.94 - 77485.816 x = 192,562,650.00
- 77485.816 x = 125847362.055
x = -1624.134

Perhitungan tulangan sengkang

Vu
Vs = - Vc Vc = 1/6 √f’c * b *d
ø
= 1/6 √25 * 700 * 639
= 372750 N

7748.816
= - 372750
0.6
= -243606.973 N

Av∗fy∗d
S = Misal diambil tulangan sengkang D8 mm
Vs
Av = 2(1/4*n*d²)
= 2 (1/4 * 3.14 * 13²)
265.33∗350∗639
= = 265.33 mm²
−243606.973
= -243.593 mm
3∗Av∗fy 3∗265.33∗350
Sminimum = =
700 700
= 397.995 mm
Pakai sengkang D13 - 150 mm
Jumlah sengkang = 20 sengkang