Abstrak
Salah satu upaya optimalisasi produktivitas ayam kampung adalah melalui persilangan dengan
ayam petelur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat fertilitas, daya tetas dan mortalitas telur yang
dihasilkan dari persilangan antara pejantan ayam kampung dengan betina layer strain lohmann brown.
Seratus butir telur tetas dibagi dalam 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan berdasarkan rancangan acak lengkap.
Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah lama penyimpanan telur yang berbeda, yaitu 1 hari (P0), 3 hari (P1),
5 hari (P2), dan 7 hari (P4). Variabel yang diamati adalah fertilitas, daya tetas, dan mortalitas telur. Data
yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dilanjutkan dengan uji wilayah berganda
duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama penyimpanan mempengaruhi (P<0,05) fertilitas,
daya tetas dan mortalitas telur. Penyimpanan telur selama 3 hari sebelum penetasan memperlihatkan
fertilitas dan daya tetas paling tinggi, masing-masing 76±5,4% dan 79,2±5,8%, serta mortalitas paling
rendah yaitu 20±1,1%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam usaha penetasan, penyimpanan telur tetas
persilangan ayam kampung dengan ayam petelur lohmann brown sebaiknya tidak melebihi jangka
waktu 3 hari, agar diperoleh hasil penetasan yang optimal.
Kata kunci—Fertilitas Telur, Daya Tetas, Mortalitas, Ayam Kampung, Ayam Petelur
Abstract
One of the ways to optimize the native chicken productivity is cross-breeding between native
chicken with laying hens. This research was aimed to study eggs fertility, hatchability, and mortility
which were derived from cross-breeding between native chicken rooster with laying hens. One hundred
eggs were divided into 4 treatments and 5 replications based on completely randomized design. The
treatments were eggs storage period difference that consist of 1 day (P0), 3 day (P1), 5 day (P2), and
7 day storage period (P3). The measured variables in this research were fertility, hatchability, and
mortility of eggs. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance and continued using
duncan multiple range test. The result showed that storage period gave a significant effect (P<0,05) on
fertility, hatchability, and mortality of eggs. Three days storage period before hatching process showed
the highest fertility and hatchability, they were 76±5,4% and 79,2±5,8% respectively, and showed the
lowest mortality which was 20±1,1%. It can be concluded that in hatching process, the storage of eggs,
derived from cross-breeding between native chicken and laying hens lohmann brown strain, before
hatching should not more than 3 days. It is intended to obtain optimal hatching result.