Descriptive Text : Pengertian, Tujuan, Ciri Dan Generic Structure Dalam

Bahasa Inggris Beserta Contohnya

Dalam Bahasa Inggris terdapat beberapa jenis text, yaitu Narrative, Report, Descriptive, Procedure Dan yang
lainnya. Dari jenis yang sudah disebutkan salah satunya adalah Descriptive Text. Pada Kesemptan kali ini IBI kan
membahas tentang pengertian, ciri, struktur, tujuan dan contoh dari Descriptive Text, mari kita simak.

1. Pengertian Descriptive Text

Daftar Isi Artikel Ini :
Pada bagian ini kita akan membahas tentang pengertian descriptive text. Apa itu descriptive text? descriptive text
berasal dari dua suku kata yaitu ‘Descriptive’ yang artinya gambaran dan ‘Text’ yang berarti tulisan. Jadi yang
dimaksud dengan Descriptive Text adalah karya tulis atau tulisan yang menggambarkan sesuatu. Ada beberapa
definisi tentang Descriptive Text, yaitu;

a. Text yang memberikan informasi tentang bagaimana sesuatu atau seseorang terlihat , karakter, ciri , dengan
menggunakan kata-kata untuk menggambarkan sesuatu atau seseorang seperti apa.

b. Text yang memberikan fakta-fakta yang sebenarnya tentang orang, benda, hewan atau tempat

Dari kedua pengertian diatas dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa descriptive text adalah jenis teks yang
menggambarkan seseorang, benda atau tempat tertentu sehingga pembaca dapat membayangkan seolah-
olah yang diceritakan itu benar-benar nyata.

2. Ciri-Ciri Descriptive Text

 a. Descriptive Text menggunakan non verbal sentence, attribute verb (am, is, are) atau to be
 b. Descriptive Text menggunakan simple present tense
 c. Descriptive Text hanya fokus pada satu objek tersebut.
 d. Descriptive Tex menggunakan kata sifat atau adjective
 e. Descriptive Tex menggunakan bahasa yang menarik

3. Generic Struktur Descriptive Text

Ada beberapa susunan umum (generic structure) agar tulisan kita dianggap benar, yaitu:

 Identification

Identification berisi tentang identifikasi sesuatu, baik makhluk hidup ataupun benda mati yang akan dideskripsikan

 Description
Description berisi tentang penjelasan / penggambaran tentang sesuatu, baik makhluk hidup ataupun benda mati,
dengan menyebutkan beberapa gambaran, sifat, karakter, atau apapun yang berhubungan dengan deskripsi sesuatu
yang dimaksud.

4. Tujuan Descriptive Text

Tujuan dari descriptive text adalah untuk menggambarkan dan mengungkapkan atau mendeskripsikan ciri-ciri dari
orang, benda, hewan , tempat dan lain-lainya. Desciptive text dibuat tanpa melakukan penelitian secara detail, jadi
penulis hanya menulis cerita descriptive text berdasarkan apa yang dilihat dan didengar.

5. Contoh Descriptive Text

Pada bagian ini amkan membahas tentang contoh dari descriptive text.

 Decriptive Text (people/orang)

IBU (Mother)

Contoh paragraf yang mendeskripsikan seseorang dalam Bahasa Inggris berikutnya adalah Ibu.

Seperti terlihat pada gambar, Ibu memiliki kulit sawo matang dan rambut berwarna hitam. Tinggi ibu sekitar 155
cm, kayak saya.

Pekerjaan Ibu adalah penjahit, membuat kebaya untuk para wanita. Tentu saja sebagai anak seorang penjahit, saya
belajar banyak ilmu jahit-menjahit dari ibu.

Setiap pagi ibu bangun lebih awal untuk menyiapkan sarapan. Ia adalah ibu tangguh dan sabar. Kami sangat sayang
kepadanya. Bagaimana dengan ibumu?

This is about my mother. Her name is Ni Wayan Dastri. She has brown complexion and black hair. Her height is as
same as mine, 155 centimeters.

My mother is a tailor. She sews special clothes for women called “kebaya”. I learn many things about sewing from
her. She is a great teacher for me.

Every morning, she wakes up earlier than other members in my family. She prepares breakfast for us. She is a tough
and patient mother. We love her very much.

 Decriptive Text ( place /tempat)

Bali (Indonesian)
Bali is an island and province of Indonesia. The province includes the island of Bali and a few smaller neighbouring
islands, notably Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan, and Nusa Ceningan. It is located at the westernmost end of the
Lesser Sunda Islands, between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. Its capital of Denpasar is located at the
southern part of the island.With a population of 3,890,757 in the 2010 census, and 4,225,000 as of January 2014, the
island is home to most of Indonesia’s Hindu minority.

According to the 2010 Census, 83.5% of Bali’s population adhered to Balinese Hinduism, followed by 13.4%
Muslim, Christianity at 2.5%, and Buddhism 0.5%.Bali is a popular tourist destination, which has seen a significant
rise in tourists since the 1980s. It is renowned for its highly developed arts, including traditional and modern dance,
sculpture, painting, leather, metalworking, and music.

The Indonesian International Film Festival is held every year in Bali.Bali is part of the Coral Triangle, the area with
the highest biodiversity of marine species. In this area alone over 500 reef building coral species can be found. For
comparison, this is about 7 times as many as in the entire Caribbean. There is a wide range of dive sites with high
quality reefs, all with their own specific attractions. Many sites can have strong currents and swell, so diving without
a knowledgeable guide is unadvisable. Most recently, Bali was the host of the 2011 ASEAN Summit, and the 2013
APEC.

 Decriptive Text ( Animal/hewan)

Cendrawasih ( birds-of-paradise )
Cendrawasih ( birds-of-paradise ) are members of the family Paradisaeidae of the order Passeriformes. The
majority of species are found in eastern Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and eastern Australia. The family has 42
species in 14 genera. The members of this family are perhaps best known for the plumage of the males of the
sexually dimorphic species (the majority), in particular the highly elongated and elaborate feathers extending from
the beak, wings, tail or head. For the most part they are confined to dense rainforest habitat. The diet of all species is
dominated by fruit and to a lesser extent arthropods. The birds-of-paradise have a variety of breeding systems,
ranging from monogamy to lek-type polygamy.

 Decriptive Text (Thing/ benda)

 Rose
The rose is a type of flowering shrub. Its name comes from the Latin word Rosa. The flowers of the rose grow in
many different colors, from the well-known red rose to yellow roses and sometimes white or purple roses. Roses
belong to the family of plants called Rosaceae. All roses were originally wild and they come from several parts of
the world, North America, Europe, northwest Africa and many parts of Asia and Oceania. There are over 100
different species of roses.

The wild rose species can be grown in gardens, but most garden roses are cultivars, which have been chosen by
people. Over hundreds of years they have been specially bred to produce a wide variety of growing habits and a
broad range of colours from dark red to white including as well yellow and a bluish/lilac colour. Many roses have a
strong, pleasant scent. Most roses have prickles (incorrectly called thorns) on their stems. Rose bushes are able to
tolerate a wide variety of growing conditions. The fruit of the rose is called a hip. Some roses have decorative
hips.Roses are widely used across the world as symbols of love, sympathy or sorrow.Rose is widely used as a girl’s
name. Also, roses protect themselves from other predators trying to hunt them with thorns, a widely known defense
system.

Demikian penjelasan tentang Decriptive Text mencangkup pengertian, ciri-ciri, struktur, tujuan, dan contonya.

-“Jangan berikir seperti bercermin, bepikirlah seperti menggambar”-

–semoga bermanfaat