MAKALAH PRESENT ERFECT

DOSEN PENGAMPU: Khalid, H,M. M.pd

MATA KULIAH: Bahasa inggris A

DISUSUN OLEH :

Azizah: 21.01.11.1755

Wiyana Safitri: 21.01.11.1784

Umi Hanik Fadhilah: 21.01.11.1783

KEMENTRIAN AGAMA REPUBLIK INDONESIA

SEKOLAH TINGGI AGAMA ISLAM AL-FALAH

FAKULTAS TARBIYAH

JURUSAN PAI

2021
 KATA PENGANTAR

Syukur Alhamdulillah senantiasa kami panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah
melimpahkan rahmat dan karunia-Nya sehingga kami dapat menyelesaikan makalah ini guna
memenuhi tugas makalah dengan judul Present Perfect and Past Simple

Kami menyadari bahwa dalam penulisan makalah ini tidak terlepas dari bantuan banyak pihak
yang tulus memberikan doa, saran dan kritik sehingga makalah ini dapat terselesaikan. Kami
juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada bapa dosen mata kuliah yang telah memberikan tugas
dan membimbing kami dalam menulis makalah ini.
Kami menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa makalah ini masih jauh dari kata sempurna dikarenakan
terbatasnya pengalaman dan pengetahuan yang kami miliki. Oleh karena itu, kami
mengharapkan segala bentuk saran serta masukan bahkan kritik yang membangun dari berbagai
pihak. Akhirnya kami berharap semoga makalah ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi
perkembangan dunia pendidikan.

Banjarmasin, Oktober 2021

Penulis

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 DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGATAR.......................................................................................................................................i
DAFTAR ISI.................................................................................................................................................ii
BAB I.............................................................................................................................................................1
A. Latar belakang....................................................................................................................................1
B. Rumusan masalah..............................................................................................................................1
BAB II............................................................................................................................................................2
A. For, Since, Ago..................................................................................................................................2
B. I Have done (Present Perfect) and I did (Past Simple)......................................................................3
BAB III..........................................................................................................................................................5
DAFTAR PUSTAKA....................................................................................................................................6

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 BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang
The present perfect tense is formed with a present tense form of "to have" plus the
past participle of the verb (which can be either regular or irregular in form).Present
Perfect Tense (finish time now) is a tense used to express actions, events, events that
happened in the past and still have something to do with it now or to indicate an event
that is completed in a short time.To form the Present Perfect Tense sentence we need to
know about.
The shape of the auxiliary used in the present perfect tense is "to have". Present
perfect tense is composed of subject, auxiliary (have / has), and the past participle (past
tense verb Verb forms III or III).1
The Past Simple Tense is used to refer to actions that were completed in a time
period before the present time. In the Simple Past the process of performing the action is
not important. What matters is that the action was completed in the past. The action may
have been in the recent past or a long time ago. 2
Differences For, Since and Ago in English , The three words for, since and ago
are often used in present/past perfect tenses. However, for its use, some students are still
confused. So, let's know them well below!
B. Rumusan Masalah
A. For, Since, Ago..
B. I Have done (Present Perfect) and I did (Past Simple)

1
“MUHAMMAD HARISMATIN: Present Perfect Tense Group 5,” MUHAMMAD HARISMATIN (blog), 17 April 2018,
http://muhammadharismatin.blogspot.com/2018/04/present-perfect-tense-group-5.html.
2
“Past Simple Tense,” diakses 3 Oktober 2021, https://www.wallstreetenglish.com/exercises/past-simple-tense.

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 BAB II
PEMBAHASAN
A. For, Since, Ago
1. SINCE
Since is used to mean from a point in time in the past up to now.   As since connects a
past time to the present time, it is generally used with the Present Perfect Tense.  Note
that since is place before time words and phrases.
Example sentences:
 I’ve lived in this city since 2010.
 I’ve had my phone since Christmas.
 He’s been sick since last week.
 I haven’t eaten anything since yesterday.
 I’ve become more careful since I had an accident.
2. FOR
For is used to show a period of time.  Because it is a period of time, for can be used
with many tenses.  Note that for is placed before the time phrase.
Example sentences:
 I work for 8 hours every day.
 I’ve worked for 3 hours so far to day.
 I will go on holiday for 2 weeks tomorrow.
 I’ve had my phone for 2 years.
 I’ve lived in this city for 20 years.
3. AGO
Ago is used for a past time or finished time.  For this reason, ago is used with the Past
Simple Tense.  Note that when ago is placed after the time phrase.
Example sentences:
 I finished my homework two minutes ago.
 I left school 2 years ago.
 Five years ago, I didn’t speak any English.
 When did you arrive in Italy? 3 days ago.
Compare the following sentences:
 I started working here 2 years ago.
 I’ve worked here for 2 years.
 I’ve worked here since 2018.3

3
“SINCE, FOR & AGO | English Course Malta,” diakses 3 Oktober 2021,
https://www.englishcoursemalta.com/learn/since-for-ago/.

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 4

B. I Have done (Present Perfect) and I did (Past Simple)

Study this example situation:

Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it. He has lost his key. (present perfect). this means
that he doesn't have his key now.

Ten minutes later:

Now Tom has found his key. He has it now.
Has he lost his key? (present perfect)
No, he hasn't. He has found it.
Did he lose his key? (past simple)
Yes, he did.
He lost his key (past simple)
but now he has found it. (present perfect)

The present perfect is a present tense. It always tells us something about now. 'Tom has lost
his key' = he doesn't have his key now.

The past simple tells us only about the past. If somebody says 'Tom lost his key', we don't
know whether he has it now or not. We only know that he lost it at some time in the past.

Two more examples:

* Jack grew a beard but now he has shaved it off. (so he doesn't have a beard now)
* They went out after lunch and they've just come back. (so they are back now)
4
“SINCE, FOR & AGO | English Course Malta.”

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 Do not use the present perfect if there is no connection with the present (for example, things
that happened a long time ago):
* The Chinese invented printing. (not 'have invented')
* How many plays did Shakespeare write? (not 'has Shakespeare written')
* Beethoven was a great composer. (not 'has been')

Compare:
* Shakespeare wrote many plays.
* My sister is a writer. She has written many books. (she still writes books)

We use the present perfect to give new information. But if we continue to talk about it, we
normally use the past simple:
* A: Ow! I've burnt myself.
B: How did you do that? (not 'have you done')
A: I picked up a hot dish. (not 'have picked')
* A: Look! Somebody has spilt milk on the carpet.
B: Well, it wasn't me. I didn't do it. (not 'hasn't been ... haven't done')
A: I wonder who it was then. (not 'who it has been')5

BAB III

5
“UNIT 13. Present perfect and past (1) (I have done and I did) terjemahkan ke Indonesia | Lingualeo,” diakses 3
Oktober 2021, https://lingualeo.com/id/jungle/unit-13-present-perfect-and-past-1-i-have-done-and-i-did-8414.

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 PENYELESAIAN
A. Kesimpulan
The present perfect tense is formed with a present tense form of "to have" plus the
past participle of the verb (which can be either regular or irregular in form).Present
Perfect Tense (finish time now) is a tense used to express actions, events, events that
happened in the past and still have something to do with it now or to indicate an event
that is completed in a short time.To form the Present Perfect Tense sentence we need to
know about.
The Past Simple Tense is used to refer to actions that were completed in a time
period before the present time. In the Simple Past the process of performing the action is
not important. What matters is that the action was completed in the past. The action may
have been in the recent past or a long time ago. 
Since is used to mean from a point in time in the past up to now.   
As since connects a past time to the present time, it is generally used with the Present
Perfect Tense.  Note that since is place before time words and phrases. For is used to
show a period of time.  Because it is a period of time, for can be used with many tenses. 
Note that for is placed before the time phrase. Ago is used for a past time or finished
time.  For this reason, ago is used with the Past Simple Tense.  Note that when ago is
placed after the time phrase.

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 DAFTAR PUSTAKA
MUHAMMAD HARISMATIN. “MUHAMMAD HARISMATIN: Present Perfect Tense Group
5,” 17 April 2018. http://muhammadharismatin.blogspot.com/2018/04/present-perfect-
tense-group-5.html.
“Past Simple Tense.” Diakses 3 Oktober 2021.
https://www.wallstreetenglish.com/exercises/past-simple-tense.
“SINCE, FOR & AGO | English Course Malta.” Diakses 3 Oktober 2021.
https://www.englishcoursemalta.com/learn/since-for-ago/.
“UNIT 13. Present perfect and past (1) (I have done and I did) terjemahkan ke Indonesia |
Lingualeo.” Diakses 3 Oktober 2021. https://lingualeo.com/id/jungle/unit-13-present-
perfect-and-past-1-i-have-done-and-i-did-8414.