Pertemuan ke 9-10
Agus Mulyadi, S.T., M.T
Denny Astrie Anggraini, MT
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
What Is FMEA?
Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA) adalah sebuah
tool yang digunakan untuk memeriksa kegagalan produk
atau proses yang potensial, mengevaluasi prioritas
resiko, dan membantu menentukan tindakan yang sesuai
untuk menghindari masalah yang telah teridentifikasi.
DEFINISI FMEA
FMEA is a • Effects or consequences of a
systematic potential product or process failure
tool for • Methods to eliminate or reduce the
chance of a failure occurring
identifying:
Tipe FMEA :
• System FMEA : digunakan untuk menganalisa sistem dan subsistem pada
tahap konsep dan desain awal. Fokus pada potential failure modes yang
berhubungan dengan fungsi sistem, atau subsistem
• Design FMEA : digunakan untuk menganalisa produk sebelum diproduksi.
Suatu FMEA untuk desain fokus pada potential failure modes yang
disebabkan oleh kekurangan (deficiencies) dalam desain
• Process FMEA : digunakan untuk menganalisa proses produksi, perakitan
dan kegiatan transaksi. Suatu FMEA untuk proses fokus pada potentiall
failure modes yang disebabkan oleh proses deficiency(ies).
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
Terminology FMEA
Contoh: desain pintu mobil
• Failure Modes
- Physical description of a failure :suara bising pada bagian
pertemuan antara daun pintu dan atap mobil.
• Cause (Sebab)
- Refers to cause of the failure: karet seal yang tidak
memadai
• Effect (dampak)
- Impact of failure on : people, machine, method, material, or
evironment : pada orang/penumpang: ketidaknyamanan
FMEA Cause-and-Effect
Methods Diagram
Machinery
Environment
Causes Effects
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
Machinery
Regulator tidak
berfungsi
Material
Material air Failure Melukai Membunuh
Memar
bag yang Mode Penumpang anak2
terlalu kasar
Environment
Penumpang tidak
gunakan sabuk
Air Bag Tidak dapat
berfungsi
People
Penumpang
terlalu kecil
Causes Effects
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
ADA PERTANYAAN?
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
Identify
Potential Determine
Effect(s) of Saverity
Failure Mode
Identify
Potential Determine Determine
Cause(s) of Occurence RPN
Failure Mode
Evaluate
Current Identify Actions
Determine
Controls or Leading to
Detectability
Design Improvement
verification
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
ANALYZE : FMEA
Value of FMEA
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
8 Very high Failures renders the unit inoperable or unfit for use
10 Very high: failure is More than one occurrence per day or a probability of more than three
almost inevitable occurrences in 10 events (Cpk<0.33)
9 One occurrence every three to four days or a probability of more than three
occurrences in 10 events (Cpk0.33)
8 High: repeated One occurrence per week or a probability of 5 occurrences in 100 events
failures (Cpk 0.67)
7 One occurrence every month or one occurrence in 100 events (Cpk 0.83)
6 Moderate: One occurrence every three months or three occurrence in 1,000 events
occasional failures (Cpk 1.00)
5 One occurrence every six months to one year or one occurrence in 10,000
events (Cpk 1.17)
4 One occurrence per year or six occurrences in 100,000 events (Cpk 1.33)
3 Low: relatively few One occurrence every one to three years or six occurrences in ten million
failures events (Cpk 1.67)
2 One occurrence every three to five years or 2 occurrences in one billion
events (Cpk 2.00)
1 None One occurrence in greater than five years or less than two occurrences in
one billion events (Cpk > 2.00)
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
10 Absolutely The product is not inspected or the defect caused by failure is not
Uncertainty detectable
9 Very Remote Product is sampled, inspected, and released based on Acceptable Quality
Level (AQL) sampling plans
8 Remote Product is accepted based on no defectives in a sample
3 High An effective SPC program is in place with process capabilities (Cpk) greater
than 1.33
2 Very high All product is 100% automatically inspected
1 Almost certain The defect is obvious or there is 100% automatic inspection with regular
calibration and preventive maintenance of the inspection equipment
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
CONTOH APLIKASI
FMEA DALAM SIX
SIGMA
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
ANALYZE : CFME
Diagram Cause Failure Mode Effect
Terlalu banyak Tidak ada
material recycle perawatan rutin
Tidak ada
Komposisi mixing pelatihan yg Lubang air kotor
tidak sesuai terstruktur
Pendinginan
Material tidak Operator
pada mold
sesuai standar kurang pelatihan
kurang sempurna
ANALYZE : FMEA
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis
d_nny0204@yahoo.com
ANALYZE : FMEA
Dari tabel Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA) dihasilkan beberapa modus kegagalan
yang memiliki nilai resiko tertinggi :
Rank 1, RPN 294
Pendinginan pada cetakan/mold yang kurang sempurna, akan membuat aliran material
terhambat ataupun udara akan terjebak (air trap) sehingga produk cacat akan mungkin
sekali terjadi. Kapasitas produksi yang tinggi membuat sulitnya proses perawatan ideal.
Any Questions?