Modul Praktikum

C h e m - E - C a r

KU 1202 - Pengantar Rekayasa dan Desain

S e m e s t e r I I TA 2 0 2 2 / 2 0 2 3
 Problems Definition Activity Plan
Alternative Concepts Generation

Concept Selection

Progress Report 1

Detailed Design Making

Progress Report 2

Oral & Design Defense

Poster

Design Implementation
Will be
announced later
Final Report
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Reminder: 8 Engineering Steps

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 1. Define Problems
Batasan Tugas
Peserta diminta untuk membuat miniatur kendaraan beroda yang ditenagai oleh reaksi
kimia sehingga dapat bergerak maju sejauh jarak tertentu dan mampu membawa
beban yang ditentukan.

https://www.aiche.org/chenected/2022/11/chem-e-car-spotlight-2022-competitors-part-3
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 1. Define Problems
Batasan Desain
a. Satu-satunya sumber energi untuk penggerak kendaraan adalah reaksi kimia. Contoh: reaksi
pembakaran, reaksi redoks, reaksi dekomposisi, dll
b. Jarak tempuh kendaraan juga harus dikontrol oleh reaksi kimia, berdasarkan perubahan
terukur dan pengendalian terhadap konsentrasi bahan kimia yang digunakan.
c. Kendaraan yang dirancang tidak diperkenankan dipasang:
i. Alat komunikasi atau pengendali jarak jauh
ii. Rem mekanik (kendaraan berhenti dengan mengatur reaksi kimia yang terjadi)
iii.Timer untuk menghentikan reaksi kimia
iv.Baterai komersial
d. Sensor dan computer mini (Arduino, Raspberry Pi,dll) diperkenankan untuk dipasang pada
kendaraan selama fungsinya tidak sebagai pengukur atau pengendali jarak tempuh.
e. Dimensi kendaraan maksimal adalah 40 cm x 30 cm x 20 cm 5
 1. Define Problems
Batasan Massa dan Jarak Tempuh
a. Massa tiap kendaraan tidak dibatasi
b. Sistem harus mampu menempuh jarak antara 15-30 m.

Batasan Anggaran
a. Anggaran maksimal untuk setiap kendaraan adalah Rp 500.000

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 2. Generate Alternative Concepts

Alternatives
1. Power Source Reaction
Metal-air battery High Pressure Gas
Example: Al – Air Battery Examples:
Anode: Al + 3OH− → Al(OH)3 + 3e− −2.31 V. 2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2
Cathode: O2 + 2H2O + 4e− → 4OH− +0.40 V. NaHCO3 + CH3COOH → CO2 + H2O + Na CH3COO

Fuel Cells
https://www.cei.washington.edu/less Example: H2-O2 Fuel Cell
on-plans/aluminum-air-battery/ H2(g) + ½ O2(g) → H2O(l) E° = +1.23 V
https://www.exploratorium.edu/sn
acks/aluminum-air-battery Etc.
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 2. Generate Alternative Concepts

Alternatives
2. Stopping Mechanism
Color change reaction Controlling The Gas Amount
Example: Iodine Clock Reaction
For system with high pressure gas
H2O2 (aq) + 2I−(aq) + 2H+(aq)→ I2 + 2H2O (aq)
→ Control the amount of precursor chemical
2S2O32−(aq)+ I2(aq)→ S4O62−(aq) + 2I− (aq)

Solution color change from colorless to dark Example: H2O2 amount is controlled to produce certain
purple → Light dependent resistor → stop the amount of O2 gas
electric current from power source reaction 2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2

https://www.ubcenvision.
com/blog/2017/01/27/iodi
Etc. 8
ne-clock.html
 2. Generate Alternative Concepts

Alternatives
3. Mechatronics
Vehicle dimension
Number of tires
Tires size
Sensor
etc

https://chemecar.ugm.ac.id/our-cars/
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 2. Generate Alternative Concepts

Examples of Chem-e-Car design

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https://chemecar.ugm.ac.id/our-cars/
 3. Select Best Concepts
AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process)
❑Based on Decision Matrix
❑Purposes of Decision Matrix:
▪ Promotes a systematic and exhaustive examination of concept
strengths and weaknesses.
▪ The entire procedure, from selection of evaluation criteria to
filling out the matrix, is designed to remove personal bias from
the decision-making process.
▪ The results give a numerical measure for ranking alternatives
and ultimately selecting the best concept.
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3. Select Best Concepts

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3. Select Best Concepts
Theme Selection (per class)

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3. Select Best Concepts –
Matrix: Theme Selection

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3. Select Best Concepts –
Concept Selection (per group)

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3. Select Best Concepts –
Matrix: Concept Selection

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3. Select Best Concepts –
Tips

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 Progress Report 1
❑Progress Report 1: Problem Definition – Concept Selection
❑Contents:
▪ Title and Team Identity (1 page)
▪ Table of Content (1 page)
▪ Chapter 1: Problem Definition (1 page)
▪ Chapter 2: Alternative Concepts ( 1-2 pages)
▪ Chapter 3: Theme Selection (1-2 pages)
▪ Chapter 4: Concept Selection (1-2 pages)
▪ Chapter 5: Conclusion (1 page)

Scientific findings 18
 4. Detailed Design
1) Design Analysis
Analysis of power source reaction Analysis of stopping mechanism
reaction
Reaction? Reaction?
Reaction by products? Stopping mechanism?
Power produced? Chemical requirement?
Chemical requirement? Sensor?
Safety? Safety?
Etc. Etc.
Analysis of Mechatronics
How to make the vehicle moves?
Vehicle dimension?
Drive train? 19
Etc.
 4. Detailed Design
1) Design Analysis
See Exploring Engineering: An Introduction to Engineering and Design
Chapter 21
Example: Drive train Analysis

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 4. Detailed Design
1) Design Analysis
Making mathematical model
Example: prediction of cruising distance with H2O2 powered Chem-E-Car

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https://journals.flvc.org/cee/article/download/122349/121292
 4. Detailed Design
2) Detailed Drawing
Use 3D drawing software (e.g. SOLIDWORKS)

https://aiche.upc.edu/chem-e-car/

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 4. Detailed Design
3) Safety Analysis
❑ Find and evaluate SDS (Safety Data Sheet) for all chemicals
used in the design
❑ Create Job Safety Analysis (JSA) for your Chem-E-Car
making procedure

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 4. Detailed Design
4) Cost Analysis
❑ Evaluate the total cost to realize your vehicle design
❑ Please consider the cost limit
❑ Cost should be reported in IDR (rupiah)

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 Progress Report 2
❑Progress Report 2: Detailed Design
❑Contents:
▪ Title and Team Identity (1 page)
▪ Table of Content (1 page)
▪ Chapter 1: Explanation of Selected Concep (1 page)
▪ Chapter 2: Design Analysis ( 1-5 pages)
▪ Chapter 3: Detailed Drawing (1-3 pages)
▪ Chapter 4: Safety Analysis (1-5 pages)
▪ Chapter 5: Cost Analysis (1 pages)
▪ Chapter 6: Conclusion (1 page)
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 Progress Report 2
Penilaian
❖Dari pemeriksaan Detailed Design, apakah rancangan tersebut
punya peluang untuk bekerja?
❖Apakah peluang untuk mengurangi tingkat risiko (melalui analisis,
eksperimen, dan model) telah sepenuhnya dieksploitasi?
❖Apakah disertakan informasi yang cukup dalam Detailed Drawing untuk
membuat desain?
❖Bagaimana kualitas keseluruhan dari Detailed Drawing?

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 5. Design Defense
Oral Presentation
Assessment Points:
• Chem-E-Car design selection
• Chem-E-Car design analysis
• Visual
• Teamwork
• Responds to comments/question
• Confidence
• Group understanding
• Overall presentation
Adapted from:
Kamaruddin, et al. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 60 (2012): 507-511.

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Outline example:
 5. Design Defense
Oral Presentation Tips

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 5. Design Defense
Poster Presentation
Contents
▪ Description of the vehicle design,
drawings and analysis results
▪ Power source reaction mechanism
▪ Vehicle stopping mechanism
▪ Unique features of the vehicle
▪ Safety analysis
▪ Cost analysis
Assessment Points
❖ Understanding (graphic/visual)
❖ Attractiveness
❖ Related information clearly display
❖ Explanation (figures)
❖ Conclusion

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 5. Design Defense
Poster Presentation
Example

https://www.slideshare.net/VincentiusSoes
anto/cheme-car-poster-2015-v23 30
 6. Implementation
Chem-E-Car Making/Design Implementation
Detail will be announced later

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 7. Testing
Chem-E-Car Prototype Testing
Detail will be announced later

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 8. Documentation
Exhibition and Final Report
Detail will be announced later

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Thank you

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