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BAB 1: Nombor Nisbah

Rational Numbers
PBD 1.2 Operasi Asas Aritmetik yang Melibatkan Integer Buku Teks: m.s. 7 – 10
A. Selesaikan setiap yang berikut.

Solve each of the following. SP1.2.1 TP3
(a) –5 + (–4) = –5 – 4 (b) –9 – (–3) = –9 + 3

= –9 = –6
Bergerak 4 unit ke kiri. Bergerak 3 unit ke kanan. NOTA
Move 4 units to the left. Move 3 units to the right.
• a + (+b) = a + b
• a + (–b) = a – b
• a – (+b) = a – b
–9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –9 –8 –7 –6 • a – (–b) = a + b
1. 6 + (–9) = 6 – 9 2. –7 + (+2) = –7 + 2 3. –8 + (–5) = –8 – 5

= –3 = –5 = –13
4. 11 – (+8) = 11 – 8 5. 6 – (– 4) = 6 + 4 6. –4 – (–8) = – 4 + 8
=3 = 10 =4
B. Selesaikan setiap yang berikut.

NOTA
(a) –8 × 3 = – (8 × 3) (b) –20 ÷ (– 4) = +(20 ÷ 4) • (+) × (+) = (+) • (+) ÷ (+) = (+)
= –24 =5 • (–) × (–) = (+) • (–) ÷ (–) = (+)
• (+) × (–) = (–) • (+) ÷ (–) = (–)
• (–) × (+) = (–) • (–) ÷ (+) = (–)
1. 5 × (–6) 2. –7 × 8 3. – 4 × (– 6) 4. –3 × (–7)
= –(5 × 6) = –(7 × 8) = +(4 × 6) = +(3 × 7)
= –30 = –56 = 24 = 21
5. –28 ÷ 7 6. –36 ÷ (–6) 7. 20 ÷ (–5) 8. –40 ÷ (– 4)

= –(28 ÷ 7) = +(36 ÷ 6) = –(20 ÷ 5) = +(40 ÷ 4)
= –4 =6 = –4 = 10
01 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B1-ZAH 1P.indd 3 11/18/20 12:37 PM


Rational Numbers
Hitung setiap yang berikut.

Calculate each of the following. SP1.2.3 TP3
NOTA
Lakukan operasi dalam tanda kurung dahulu. Tertib operasi bergabung
Do the operation in the brackets first. Order of combined operations
5 – 18 ÷ (–3) + (2 – 6)
Diikuti dengan ÷. Tanda kurung/Brackets
= 5 – 18 ÷ (–3) + (– 4) Follow by ÷. ( )
= 5 – (–6) + (– 4) × atau/or ÷
=5+6–4 Akhirnya, lakukan + dan – dari kiri ke kanan. (Dari kiri ke kanan/From left to right)
=7 Lastly, do + and – from left to right.
+ atau/or –
(Dari kiri ke kanan/From left to right)
1. –8 + (– 4) × 3 2. –35 ÷ (–7 + 2) 3. 6 × (–10 + 4)

= –8 + (–12) = –35 ÷ (–5) = 6 × (–6)
= –8 – 12 =7 = –36
= –20
4. 12 + (– 6) × 5 – (–9) 5. (1 – 5) + (– 48) ÷ 4 6. –42 ÷ 7 + (5 – 8) × 5

= 12 + (–30) – (–9) = –4 + (– 48) ÷ 4 = – 42 ÷ 7 + (–3) × 5
= 12 – 30 + 9 = –4 + (–12) = – 6 + (–15)
= –18 + 9 = –4 – 12 = – 6 – 15
= –9 = –16 = –21
7. –13 + (–32) 8. –25 + 36 ÷ (–12) 9. –24 ÷ (–8) + (–30)

5 – (– 4) –12 – (–5) –9 – 3 × (– 4)
= –13 – 32 = –25 + (–3) = + (–30)
3
5+4 –12 + 5 –9 – (–12)
–45 = –25 – 3
= = 3 – 30
9 –7 –9 + 12
= –5 = –28 –27
=
–7 3
=4 = –9


Rational Numbers
Selesaikan masalah yang berikut.

Solve the following problems. SP1.2.6 TP4
1. Seekor burung camar terbang pada ketinggian 12 m di atas aras laut. Pada ketika itu, seekor ikan lumba-
lumba berada 84 m di bawah aras laut, tepat di bawah burung camar itu manakala seorang penyelam
berada 16 m di atas ikan lumba-lumba itu. Kemudian, burung camar itu terbang ke bawah sejauh 5 m.
Hitung jarak menegak, dalam m, di antara burung camar dan penyelam itu.
A seagull is flying at a height of 12 m above the sea level. At that moment, a dolphin is 84 m below the sea
level, directly below the seagull while a diver is 16 m above the dolphin. Then, the seagull flies 5 m downwards.
Calculate the vertical distance, in m, between the seagull and the diver.
Kedudukan penyelam Jarak menegak di antara burung camar dan penyelam

Diver’s position Vertical distance between the seagull and the diver
= –84 + 16 = 7 – (– 68)
= –68 m = 7 + 68
= 75 m
Kedudukan baharu burung camar
Seagull’s new position
= 12 + (–5)
= 12 – 5
=7m
2. Suatu kuiz Matematik mengandungi 40 soalan. Setiap jawapan yang betul diberi 5 markah dan setiap
jawapan yang salah ditolak 3 markah. Sofian dan Ridzuan telah menyertai kuiz itu. Sofian menjawab
36 soalan dengan betul manakala Ridzuan ditolak 24 markah bagi jawapan yang salah.
A Mathematics quiz contains 40 questions. Each correct answer is given 5 marks and each incorrect answer is
deducted 3 marks. Sofian and Ridzuan participated in the quiz. Sofian answered 36 questions correctly while
Ridzuan was deducted 24 marks for the incorrect answers.
(a) Berapa soalankah yang dijawab salah oleh Ridzuan?
How many questions did Ridzuan answer incorrectly?
(b) Hitung beza antara markah Sofian dan markah Ridzuan.
Calculate the difference between Sofian’s marks and Ridzuan’s marks. KBAT Menganalisis
(a) Bilangan soalan yang dijawab salah oleh Ridzuan

Number of questions answered incorrectly by Ridzuan
= –24 ÷ (–3)
=8
(b) Beza antara markah Sofian dan markah Ridzuan

Difference between Sofian’s marks and Ridzuan’s marks
= [(36 × 5) + (40 – 36) × (–3)] – [(40 – 8) × 5 + (–24)]
= [180 + 4 × (–3)] – [32 × 5 + (–24)]
= [180 + (–12)] – [160 + (–24)]
= 168 – 136
= 32
6


Rational Numbers
PBD 1.3 Pecahan Positif dan Pecahan Negatif Buku Teks: m.s. 16
Hitung setiap yang berikut.

Calculate each of the following. SP1.3.3 TP3
Tukar nombor bercampur kepada pecahan tak wajar. Lakukan ÷ dahulu.

–2 1 + 7 ÷ –1 3 = – 11 + 7 ÷ – 7
! " ! "
Convert the mixed numbers into improper fractions. Do ÷ first.
5 12 4 5 12 4
= – 11 + 7 × – 4 ! "
Tukar ÷ kepada ×. Salingan bagi –
7 4
ialah – .
5 12 7 4 7
7 4
11 1
! "
Change ÷ to ×. The reciprocal of – is – .
=– + – 4 7
5 3
= – 33 – 5 Samakan penyebut pecahan.
Equate the denominators of the fractions.
15 15
=– 38
15
= –28 Tukar jawapan akhir kepada nombor bercampur.
Convert the final answer into a mixed number.
15
1. – 8 × !–4 13 +25 " 2. 4 7 ÷ –1 1 + 5 1

! "
9 6 8 2 4
39 3 21
=–8 × – 13 + 17
! " =
8
÷ –
2
+
4! "
9 3 6
=– 8 26 + 17 = 39 × – 2 + 21 ! "
9
× – ! 6 6 " 8 3 4
8 9 13 21
=–
9
× – ! "
6
=–
4
+
4
8
= 4 =
4
3
=2
= 11
3
3. –3 1 – 5 × !–2 23 " + 1 13 4. –2 1 × –1 3 + 3 3 ÷ – 5
! " ! "
2 16 7 25 4 6
15 28 15 6
=– 7 – 5 ×
2 16 !– 83 " + 43 =–
7
× –
25
+
4 !
× –
5 " ! "
=–7 – –5 ! " + 43 = 12 + – 9 ! "
2 6 5 2
21 5 8 = 24 – 45
=– + +
6 6 6 10 10
=– 8 = – 21
6 10
= –1 1 = –2 1
3 10


Rational Numbers
PBD 1.4 Perpuluhan Positif dan Perpuluhan Negatif Buku Teks: m.s. 21
Selesaikan setiap yang berikut.

Lakukan operasi dalam tanda kurung dahulu.

Do the operation in the brackets first.
–1.37 + (0.9 – 1.4) × 2.86

Diikuti dengan ×.
= –1.37 + (–0.5) × 2.86 Follow by ×.
= –1.37 + (–1.43)
= –1.37 – 1.43
= –2.8
1. –1.6 × (–4.27 + 1.12) 2. – 0.75 – 1.68 ÷ (– 0.7)

= –1.6 × (–3.15) = – 0.75 – (–2.4)
= 5.04 = – 0.75 + 2.4
= 1.65
3. 2.63 + 4.5 × (–2.8) 4. –3.71 – 1.92 + 1.05

= 2.63 + (–12.6) –1.2
= 2.63 – 12.6 = –3.71 – (–1.6) + 1.05
= –9.97 = –3.71 + 1.6 + 1.05
= –1.06
5. –1.44 ÷ [–5.32 – (–6.12)] 6. –1.92 + (–6.57 – 4.23) ÷ 2.4

= –1.44 ÷ (–5.32 + 6.12) = –1.92 + (–10.8) ÷ 2.4
= –1.44 ÷ 0.8 = –1.92 + (– 4.5)
= –1.8 = –1.92 – 4.5
= –6.42
7. –5.74 – 3.6 × (–2.2) – 0.92 8. (9.23 – 11.6) + 7.92 ÷ (–4.8)

= –5.74 – (–7.92) – 0.92 = –2.37 + 7.92 ÷ (– 4.8)
= –5.74 + 7.92 – 0.92 = –2.37 + (–1.65)
= 1.26 = –2.37 – 1.65
= –4.02
11


Rational Numbers
PBD 1.5 Nombor Nisbah Buku Teks: m.s. 23 – 25
A. Nyatakan sama ada setiap pernyataan yang berikut benar atau palsu.
State whether each of the following statements is true or false. SP1.5.1 TP2
1. Nombor nisbah boleh ditulis dalam bentuk pecahan. Benar/True

A rational number can be written in fractional form.
2. Semua perpuluhan adalah nombor nisbah. Palsu/False
All decimals are rational numbers.
3. Setiap integer adalah nombor nisbah. Benar/True
Every integer is a rational number.
B. Bulatkan nombor yang merupakan nombor nisbah.

Circle the numbers which are rational numbers. SP1.5.1 TP2
–508 0.3333… 75 –6.725 0 3.14159…

9
C. Selesaikan setiap yang berikut.

1. 2 1 ÷ –1.5 + 9 ! "
–1 1 – (–2.25) × 2 Tukarkan perpuluhan kepada 7 14
6 3 pecahan. Lakukan × dahulu. 15
Convert decimal into fraction. = ÷ – + 9
3
! "
=–7 – –9 × ! " 2 Do × first. 7 2 14
6 4 3
= 15 ÷ – 21 + 9 ! "
=–7 – –3 ! "
Diikuti dengan –.
Follow by –.
7 14 14
6 2 15
7 9 = ÷ – 12 ! "
=– + 7 14
6 6 15 14
= 2 =
7
× –
12 ! "
6
= – 5 = –2 1
= 1 2 2
3
2. –2.4 – 3 × – 1 5 + 0.85 ! " 3. – 5 × 4.5 + – 1 2 ÷ 3 2 ! "

22 6 18 9 3
5 9 11 11
=– 12
5
– 3
22
× – 11 + 17
6 20 ! " =–
18
×
2
+ –
9
÷ !3 "
=– 12 – – 1 + 17
! " = – 5 + – 11 × 3 ! "
5 4 20 4 9 11
=– 48 + 5 + 17 =– 5 + –1 ! "
20 20 20 4 3
= – 26 = – 15 – 4
20 12 12
= –1 3 = – 19
10 12
13 = –1 7
12

PRAKTIS KE ARAH PT3 (1)
PT3 Bahagian A (b) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan empat keping

KLON
PT3
kad nombor.
1. Antara berikut, yang manakah nilainya paling The diagram shows four number cards.
besar?
Which of the following has the greatest value? –7 4 –13 8
A –1 2 B 0
3
Isikan petak kosong dengan nombor yang
C –5.7 D – 41 sesuai dari rajah di atas supaya membentuk
satu susunan integer dalam tertib menaik.
Fill in the boxes with suitable numbers from
2. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu jujukan
the above diagram to form an arrangement of
nombor.
integers in ascending order.
The diagram shows a number sequence.
[2 markah/2 marks]
–21, –18, –15, –12, k, – 6, –3
–12, –7 , –3 , 4 ,6
Cari nilai k.
Find the value of k.
A –8 B –9 6. (a) Tandakan ( ✓ ) bagi hukum operasi aritmetik
C –10 D –11 yang betul.
Mark ( ✓ ) for the correct laws of arithmetic
3. Bacaan pada suatu termometer meningkat dari operations.
–4°C kepada 12°C. Berapakah perbezaan suhu [2 markah/2 marks]
itu? (i) 7 × 3 + 7 × 2 = 7 × (3 + 2)
The reading of a thermometer rises from – 4°C to
12°C. What is the difference in temperature? Hukum Kalis Agihan
✓
A 20°C B 16°C Distributive Law
C 8°C D 4°C Hukum Kalis Sekutuan
Associative Law
4. Antara pecahan berikut, yang manakah nilainya
kurang daripada – 3 ?
TIMSS
5 (ii) 4 × (25 × 8) = (4 × 25) × 8

3 Hukum Kalis Sekutuan
Which of the following fractions is less than – ? ✓
5 Associative Law
A –3 B –3
4 7 Hukum Kalis Agihan
C –3 D – 3
Distributive Law
8 10
(b) 50 ml air telah disejatkan selepas mendidih
selama beberapa minit.
PT3 Bahagian B 50 ml of water is evaporated after boiling for
5. (a) Bulatkan nombor yang merupakan nombor a few minutes.
nisbah. Tulis satu integer untuk mewakili isi padu air
Circle the numbers which are rational numbers. dalam pernyataan di atas.
[2 markah/2 marks] Write an integer to represent the volume of water
in the above statement.
–4 3 3.986572… 0.6666… [2 markah/2 mark]
8 –50 ml
15

PT3 Bahagian C (c) Jadual di bawah menunjukkan jenis pokok

buah-buahan yang ditanam oleh Encik Tan.
7. (a) (i) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan beberapa The table shows the types of fruit trees planted
KLON
PT3 pecahan. by Mr Tan.
The diagram shows a few fractional
Jenis pokok Bilangan pokok
numbers.
Type of tree Number of trees
1 1 ,–1 ,–1 , 1
– , 1 daripada jumlah pokok
4 3 2 5 6 Betik 4
Papaya yang ditanam
Nyatakan pecahan terkecil dan pecahan 1
of the total trees planted
terbesar. 4
State the smallest and the largest fraction. Mangga 120 batang pokok
[2 markah/2 marks] Mango 120 trees
3 daripada pokok
Pecahan terkecil: – 1 5
Smallest fraction: 2 Pisang mangga
Banana 3
Pecahan terbesar: 1 of mango trees
5
Largest fraction: 3
(i) Hitung bilangan pokok pisang.
(ii) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu garis
Calculate the number of banana trees.
PT3 nombor.
KLON
[1 markah/1 mark]
The diagram shows a number line. 3 × 120 = 72
5
X –0.8 0 0.4 Y 2.0
(ii) 80 batang pokok mangga telah mati
Nyatakan nilai X dan nilai Y. KBAT
akibat daripada serangan kulat. Cari
State the value of X and of Y.
bilangan pokok yang tinggal.
[2 markah/2 marks] 80 mango trees have died as a result of the
X : –1.6
fungal attack. Find the number of trees left.
Y : 1.2 [3 markah/3 marks]
3 daripada jumlah pokok yang ditanam
(b) Hitung –0.25 × (3 1 – 1.9) dan ungkapkan 4
2 3
jawapan dalam bentuk pecahan. of the total trees planted
4
1
Calculate –0.25 × (3 – 1.9) and express the = 120 + 72
2
answer as a fraction. = 192
[2 markah/2 marks] Jumlah pokok yang ditanam
Total trees planted
– 0.25 × 3 1 – 1.9 = – 1 × 7 – 19
! " ! "
2 4 2 10 = 192 ÷ 3
4
= – 1 × 35 – 19 ! " = 192 × 4
4 10 10 3
=– ×1 16 = 256
4 10
=–2 Bilangan pokok yang tinggal
5 Number of trees left
= 256 – 80
= 176
16

BAB 5: Ungkapan Algebra

Algebraic Expressions
PBD 5.2 Ungkapan Algebra yang Melibatkan Operasi Asas Aritmetik Buku Teks: m.s. 113 – 115
A. Permudahkan setiap yang berikut.

Simplify each of the following. SP5.2.1 TP3
1. (3k − 8h) + (2k + 5h)

(2a + b) + (3a − 5b + 4) = 3k − 8h + 2k + 5h
= 2a + b + 3a − 5b + 4 = 5k − 3h
= 2a + 3a + b – 5b + 4
= 5a − 4b + 4
2. (4x − 7y) − (5x − 9y) 3. (9pq − rs + 4) − (−5pq + 2rs − 3)

= 4x − 7y − 5x + 9y = 9pq − rs + 4 + 5pq − 2rs + 3
= −x + 2y = 14pq − 3rs + 7
4. (5mn + 1) − (6h − 2mn) + (–10 + 4h)

= 5mn + 1 − 6h + 2mn − 10 + 4h
5. ! 58 cd − xy" + 12 cd − !7xy + 34 cd"
= 7mn − 2h − 9 =
5 1 3
cd − xy + cd − 7xy − cd
8 2 4
3
= cd − 8xy
8
B. Permudahkan setiap yang berikut.

1. hk × hk × hk × hk
(m + 2n) × (m + 2n) = (m + 2n)2 = (hk)4
2. (3 − 5r) × (3 − 5r) 3. (ab + 2c − 9) × (ab + 2c − 9) × (ab + 2c − 9)

= (3 − 5r)2 = (ab + 2c − 9)3
C. Tulis setiap yang berikut dalam bentuk pendaraban berulang.

Write each of the following as a repeated multiplication. SP5.2.2 TP1
1. p5
(5x − y)2 = (5x − y) × (5x − y) =p×p×p×p×p
2. (ab)3 3. (4x + 3y)2

= ab × ab × ab = (4x + 3y) × (4x + 3y)
4. (d − 4e)3 5. (1 + 9n)4
= (d − 4e) × (d − 4e) × (d − 4e) = (1 + 9n) × (1 + 9n) × (1 + 9n) × (1 + 9n)
52
05 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B5-ZAH 1P.indd 52 11/13/20 10:49 AM


A. Cari hasil darab bagi setiap yang berikut.

Find the product for each of the following. SP5.2.3 TP2
1. 7rt × (−rs2)
4m2n × 3mn3 = 7 × r × t × (−1) × r × s × s
=4×m×m×n×3×m×n×n×n = 7 × (−1) × r × r × s × s × t
=4×3×m×m×m×n×n×n×n = −7r2s2t
= 12m3n4
2. −5x2y × (−2xyz) 3 3 2
3. 12cd 2 × d e
= −5 × x × x × y × (−2) × x × y × z 4
= −5 × (−2) × x × x × x × y × y × z 3
= 12 × c × d × d × × d × d × d × e × e
= 10x3y2z 4
3
= 12 × × c × d × d × d × d × d × e × e
4
= 9cd 5e2
B. Cari hasil bahagi bagi setiap yang berikut.

Find the quotient for each of the following. SP5.2.3 TP2
1. 16h 4k 2 ÷ 8h3k
18ab2c ÷ 6abc2 2
16 × h × h × h × h × k × k
3 =
18 × a × b × b × c 8×h×h×h×k
= 1
16 ×a×b×c×c = 2hk
3b
=
c
2. 9r3st2 ÷ 6r2s2t 3. 10pq4r ÷ (−4p2q)

3 5
10 × p × q × q × q × q × r
= 9×r×r×r×s×t×t =
26 × r × r × s × s × t –4 × p × p × q
2
3rt 5q3r
=
2s =−
2p
53


Permudahkan setiap yang berikut.

1. 18xy2 × 8y ÷ 24y4z
6 1
4ab × bc2 ÷ (–8abc3)
1 = 18 × x × y × y × 8 × y
4×a×b×b×c×c 24 × y × y × y × y × z
31
=
–8
2
×a×b×c×c×c 6x
=
yz
=– b
2c
2. 3pq × 14qr3 ÷ 21p3qr 3. 6x2yz ÷ (3x2y2z) × 9xy3

1 2 2
= 3 × p × q × 14 × q × r × r × r = 6×x×x×y×z×9×x×y×y×y
21 × p × p × p × q × r 1
3×x×x×y×y×z
71
2qr2 = 18xy2
= 2
p
4. 6pq ÷ 10p4q3 × 15pq f 4g

5. × 12gh
3 3 −3f 3
= 6 × p × q × 15 × p × q 4
10 × p × p × p × p × q × q × q = f × f × f × f × g × 12 × g × h
51 –3 × f × f × f
9 = −4fg2h
1
= 2
pq
5prs 10m2np × (–2n2p)

6. 4rs2 × 7.
–8pr2s −5mnp
1 2
10 × m × m × n × p × (–2) × n × n × p
= 4×r×s×s×5×p×r×s =
–8 × p × r × r × s –5 × m × n × p
2 1
2
= 4mn p
2
= – 5s
2
54

PT3 Bahagian A PT3 Bahagian B

1. Antara pasangan berikut, yang manakah ialah 7. (a) Isi tempat kosong dengan pekali dan
sebutan serupa?
KLON
PT3 PT3 pemboleh ubah yang betul.
KLON
Which of the following pairs are like terms? Fill in the blanks with the correct coefficient and
A 3p, 8p2 B 2ab, 2bc unknown.
1 [1 markah/1 mark]
C 5m, D xy, 6yx
m
Sebutan Pekali Pemboleh ubah
Term Coefficient Unknown
2. Ungkapan yang manakah setara dengan 4(3 + x)?
TIMSS Which expression is equivalent to 4(3 + x)? 10r 10 r
A 12 + x B 7+x
C 12 + 4x D 12x (b) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan tiga sebutan
algebra.
3. Yang manakah tidak boleh dipermudahkan The diagram shows three algebraic terms.
kepada 4p – q?
Which cannot be simplify to 4p – q? 3 p2
5pr2 –7rp2
A p – 7q + 3p + 6q r
B 6p + q – 2p – 2q Pilih sebutan yang tidak serupa bagi 6r 2p.
C 10p – 3q – 6p + 2q Choose the unlike terms for 6r 2p.
D 8p + q – 4p + 2q [2 markah/2 marks]
Sebutan tidak serupa

4. Diberi x = 4 dan y = 1 , cari nilai bagi 2x2 – 3xy. Unlike term
2
6r2p
Given x = 4 and y = 1 , find the value of 2x2 – 3xy.
2 –7rp2, 3r p2
A 22 B 26
C 38 D 70
(c) Bulatkan ungkapan algebra yang mempunyai
5. Yang manakah setara dengan 4x – x + 7y – 2y? 3 sebutan.
TIMSS Which is equivalent to 4x – x + 7y – 2y? Circle the algebraic expression which has three
A 9 B 9xy terms.
C 4 + 9y D 3x + 5y [1 markah/1 mark]
6. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah segi tiga 9xyz 3xy + y 5x + 2y – z

sama kaki.
The diagram shows an isosceles triangle.
PT3 Bahagian C
(7 – 2x) cm 8. (a) Permudahkan setiap yang berikut.
Simplify each of the following.
(i) 3k × 5k3
3x cm
[1 markah/1 mark]
Hitung perimeter, dalam cm, segi tiga itu.
Calculate the perimeter, in cm, of the triangle. 3k × 5k3 = 3 × k × 5 × k × k × k
A 14 – x B x – 14 = 15k4
55 C 14 – x2 D 14 – x2

(ii) 2n × 3m2 ÷ (–12mn2) (c) Azuan menyimpan wang untuk membeli

[2 markah/2 marks] PISA sebuah papan luncur berharga RM145.
Ayahnya memberi RM50 dan dia menyimpan
2n × 3m2 ÷ (–12mn2)
RM4 setiap minggu.
=2×n×3×m×m
Azuan saves money to buy a skateboard costing
(–12 × m × n × n) RM145. His father gives him RM50 and he saves
RM4 every week.
=–m HEBAT MODUL 16
2n
RM145
(b) Rajah d bawah menunjukkan sebidang tanah

yang dimiliki oleh Johan.
The diagram shows a piece of land owned by
Johan.
pm (i) Berapakah jumlah wang Azuan selepas
5 minggu, 10 minggu dan 20 minggu?
Kolam ikan What is the amount of Azuan’s money after
Fish pond
hm 5 weeks, 10 weeks and 20 weeks?
[2 markah/2 marks]
10 m Kebun bunga
Flower garden
30 m Minggu (n) Jumlah simpanan (RM)

5 50 + 4(5) = 70
(i) Tulis ungkapan algebra yang mewakili
perimeter kolam ikan itu. Beri jawapan 10 50 + 4(10) = 90
kamu dalam bentuk termudah.
Write an algebraic expression that represents
20 50 + 4(20) = 130
the perimeter of the fish pond. Give your
answer in the simplest form.
[1 markah/1 mark]
HEBAT MODUL 16 (ii) Selepas 20 minggu, bolehkah Azuan
2(p) + 2(h – 10) membeli papan luncur itu? Terangkan
= 2p + 2h – 20 jawapan kamu.
After 20 weeks, will Azuan be able to buy the
skateboard? Explain your answer.
[2 markah/2 marks]
Selepas 20 minggu, Azuan hanya ada

(ii) Hitung luas, dalam m2, kebun bunga
RM130. Wang itu tidak mencukupi
itu. Beri jawapan kamu dalam bentuk
untuk membeli papan luncur kerana
termudah.
Calculate the area, in m2, of the flower garden.
papan luncur itu berharga RM145.
After 20 weeks, Azuan has only RM130. The
Give your answer in the simplest form.
money is not enough to buy the skateboard
[2 markah/2 marks]
because the skateboard costs RM145.
30(h) – p(h – 10)
= 30h – ph + 10p
56

BAB 6: Persamaan Linear

Linear Equations
PBD 6.1 Persamaan Linear dalam Satu Pemboleh Ubah Buku Teks: m.s. 127 – 129
A. Selesaikan setiap persamaan linear yang berikut.

Solve each of the following linear equations SP6.1.3 TP3
2x + 3 = 11
Kaedah cuba jaya Aplikasi konsep kesamaan Kaedah pematahbalikan
Trial and improvement method Application of equality concept Backtracking method
2(1) + 3 = 5, 5 ≠ 11 2x + 3 = 11 x → × 2 → + 3 → = 11
2(2) + 3 = 7, 7 ≠ 11 2x + 3 – 3 = 11 – 3 x ÷2 −3 = 11
2(3) + 3 = 9, 9 ≠ 11 2x =8
Operasi berbalik/Reverse operation
2(4) + 3 = 11 2x = 8
Maka/Thus, x = 4 2 2 11 – 3 = 8 → 8 ÷ 2 = 4
Maka/Thus, x=4 Maka/Thus, x = 4
x
1. 3x – 1 = 8 2. +3=4 3. 4x – 7 = 13
2
3(1) – 1 = 2, 2 ≠ 8 x x → × 4 → –7 → = 13
+3–3=4–3
3(2) – 1 = 5, 5 ≠ 8 2
x x ÷4 +7 = 13
3(3) – 1 = 8 =1
2
Maka/Thus, x = 3 x Operasi berbalik/Reverse operation.
(2) = 1(2)
2 13 + 7 = 20 → 20 ÷ 4 = 5
x=2
Maka/Thus, x = 2 Maka/Thus, x = 5
B. Selesaikan setiap persamaan linear yang berikut.

Solve each of the following linear equations. SP6.1.3 TP3
1. 5x − 1 = 9 x
2. +3=4
2(x + 1) 5x = 9 + 1 2
=4 x
5 5x = 10 +3–3 =4–3
2(x + 1) = 4(5) 2
5x 10 x
= =1
x + 1 = 20 5 5 2
2 x=2 x
x = 10 – 1 (2) = 1(2)
2
=9 x =2
2x – 7 4. 3(2y – 1) = 4y k−2
3. =5 5. +5=8
3 6y – 3 = 4y 7
2x – 7 k–2
(3) = 5(3) 6y = 4y + 3 =8−5
3 7
2x – 7 = 15 6y – 4y = 3 k–2
2y = 3 =3
2x = 15 + 7 7
2x = 22 3
y= k – 2 = 21
x = 11 2
k = 23
58
06 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B6-Zah 1P.indd 58 11/18/20 12:46 PM


Linear Equations
PBD 6.1 Persamaan Linear dalam Satu Pemboleh Ubah Buku Teks: m.s. 130 – 131
Selesaikan setiap masalah yang berikut.

Solve each of the following problems. SP6.1.4 TP4 TP5
1. Hasil tambah dua nombor ialah 25. Satu daripada nombor itu melebihi nombor yang satu lagi sebanyak 9.
Cari dua nombor itu.
The sum of two numbers is 25. One of the numbers exceeds the other number by 9. Find the two numbers.
Katakan/Let satu nombor/one number = x
nombor yang satu lagi/the other number = x + 9
Persamaan linear: x+x+9 = 25 x+9=8+9
Linear equation: 2x + 9 = 25 = 17
2x = 16
x = 8
Maka, dua nombor itu ialah 8 dan 17.
Thus, the two numbers are 8 and 17.
2. Beza saiz antara dua sudut pelengkap ialah 12°. Cari dua sudut pelengkap itu.
The difference in size between two complementary angles is 12°. Find the two complementary angles.
HEBAT MODUL 32
Katakan/Let satu sudut/one angle = x

sudut pelengkap bagi x/complementary angle of x = (90 – x)
(90 − x) – x = 12 (90 – x) = 90 – 39
90 – 2x = 12 = 51
– 2x = 12 − 90
– 2x = –78
x = 39
Maka, dua sudut pelengkap itu ialah 39° dan 51°.
Thus, the two complementary angles are 39° and 51°.
3. Jumlah harga bagi dua buah meja dan tiga buah kerusi ialah RM705. Jika meja berharga RM40 lebih
daripada kerusi, cari harga sebuah meja dan sebuah kerusi itu.
The total cost of two tables and three chairs is RM705. If the table costs RM40 more than the chair, find the cost
of a table and a chair. KBAT Mengaplikasi
Katakan/Let harga sebuah kerusi, dalam RM/the cost of a chair, in RM = x

harga sebuah meja, dalam RM/the cost of a table, in RM = (x + 40)
2(x + 40) + 3x = 705 (x + 40) = 125 + 40
2x + 80 + 3x = 705 = 165
5x + 80 = 705
5x = 625
x = 125
Maka, harga sebuah kerusi ialah RM125 dan harga sebuah meja ialah RM165.
Thus, the cost of a chair is RM125 and the cost of a table is RM165.
59


Linear Equations
PBD 6.3 Persamaan Linear Serentak dalam Dua Pemboleh Ubah Buku Teks: m.s. 140 – 141
Pautan Digital
Selesaikan persamaan linear serentak yang berikut dengan kaedah penggantian atau kaedah penghapusan.
Solve the following simultaneous linear equations by using the substitution method or the elemination method.
SP6.3.2 TP4
1. x − 2y = 6 ….. ① 2. 4x + 3y = 2 ….. ①
2x − 3y = 10 ….. ② x + 2y = 3 ….. ②
Daripada/From ①: x = 6 + 2y …..③ Daripada/From ②: x = 3 − 2y …..③
Gantikan ③ ke dalam ②: Gantikan ③ ke dalam ①:
Substitute ③ into ②: Substitute ③ into ①:
2(6 + 2y) − 3y = 10 4(3 − 2y) + 3y = 2
12 + 4y − 3y = 10 12 − 8y + 3y = 2
y = −2 −5y = −10
y = 2
Gantikan y = −2 ke dalam ③:
Substitute y = –2 into ③: Gantikan y = 2 ke dalam ③:
x = 6 + 2(−2) Substitute y = 2 into ③:
=6−4 x = 3 − 2(2)
=2 =3−4
Maka/Therefore, x = 2 dan/and y = −2. = −1
Maka/Therefore, x = −1 dan/and y = 2.
3. 2u + 3v = 7 ….. ① 4. 2x − 3y = 10 ….. ①
3u + v = 7 ….. ② 3x + 4y = −2 ….. ②
① × 3: 6u + 9v = 21 …..③ ① × 3: 6x − 9y = 30 …..③
② × 2: 6u + 2v = 14 …..④ ② × 2: 6x + 8y = −4 …..④
③ − ④: 7v = 7 ③ − ④: −17y = 34
v=1 y = −2
Gantikan v = 1 ke dalam ②: Gantikan y = −2 ke dalam ①:
Substitute v = 1 into ②: Substitute y = –2 into ①:
3u + 1 = 7 2x − 3(−2) = 10
3u = 6 2x = 10 − 6
u=2 2x = 4
x = 2
Rujuk Panduan Guru m.s. E1
Maka/Therefore, v = 1 dan/and u = 2.
Maka/Therefore, x = 2 dan/and y = −2.
Aktiviti PAK-21
63


Linear Equations
PBD 6.3 Persamaan Linear Serentak dalam Dua Pemboleh Ubah Buku Teks: m.s. 142 – 143
Selesaikan masalah yang berikut.

Solve the following problems. SP6.3.3 TP4 TP5
1. Daud dan Jerry berkongsi 30 biji durian. Daud mendapat 6 biji durian lebih daripada Jerry. Cari bilangan
durian yang diperoleh Daud dan Jerry masing-masing.
Daud and Jerry share 30 durians. Daud gets 6 durians more than Jerry. Find the number of durians received by
Daud and Jerry respectively.
Andaikan Daud dapat x biji durian dan Jerry dapat y biji durian.
Assume Daud gets x durians and Jerry gets y durians.
x + y = 30 …..① Gantikan x = 18 ke dalam ①/Substitute x = 18 into ①:
x − y = 6 …..② 18 + y = 30
① + ②: 2x = 36 y = 12
x = 18
Maka, Daud mendapat 18 biji durian dan Jerry mendapat 12 biji durian.
Thus, Daud gets 18 durians and Jerry gets 12 durians.
2. Jumlah jisim Fatin dan Hanim ialah 68 kg. Fatin adalah 6 kg lebih ringan daripada Hanim. Cari jisim
mereka masing-masing.
The total mass of Fatin and Hanim is 68 kg. Fatin is 6 kg lighter than Hanim. Find their respective masses.
Andaikan jisim Fatin ialah x kg dan jisim Hanim ialah y kg.
Assume Fatin’s mass is x kg and Hanim’s mass is y kg.
y = x + 6 …..① Gantikan ① ke dalam ②/Substitute ① into ②: x + (x + 6) = 68
x + y = 68 …..② 2x = 62
x = 31
Gantikan x = 31 ke dalam ①/Substitute x = 31 into ①: y = 31 + 6
= 37
Maka, jisim Fatin ialah 31 kg dan jisim Hanim ialah 37 kg.
Thus, Fatin’s mass is 31 kg and Hanim’s mass is 37 kg.
3. 3 buah buku dan 2 batang pen berharga RM135 manakala 2 buah buku dan 3 batang pen berharga
RM140. Hitung harga bagi setiap barang itu.
3 books and 2 pens cost RM135 while 2 books and 3 pens cost RM140. Calculate the cost of each item.
KBAT Mengaplikasi
Andaikan harga sebuah buku ialah RMx dan harga sebatang pen ialah RMy.
Assume the cost of a book is RMx and the cost of a pen is RMy.
3x + 2y = 135 …..① ③ − ④: −5y = −150
2x + 3y = 140 …..② y = 30
① × 2: 6x + 4y = 270 …..③
② × 3: 6x + 9y = 420 …..④
Gantikan y = 30 ke dalam ①/Substitute y = 30 into ①: 3x + 2(30) = 135
3x = 75
x = 25
Maka, harga sebuah buku ialah RM25 dan harga sebatang pen ialah RM30.
64
Thus, the cost of a book is RM25 and the cost of a pen is RM30.

PT3 Bahagian A 6. Raj ingin menyelesaikan persamaan linear

serentak 2x + y = 4 dan 3x – 4y = 17.
1. Riski menyatakan bahawa sebarang fungsi yang Langkah pengiraannya adalah seperti berikut:
TIMSSditulis tanpa eksponen mestilah linear. Fungsi Raj wants to solve the simultaneous linear equations
mana yang membuktikan pernyataan Riski tidak 2x + y = 4 and 3x – 4y = 17.
betul? The steps of his calculations are as follows:
Riski states that any function written without
6x + 3y = 12
exponents must be linear. Which function proves
Riski’s statement is incorrect?
6x – 8y = 34
A y = 5x + 3 B y = x5 + 3 = –22
C y= x +5 D y= 3 +5 mesti diisikan dengan

3 x must be filled with
A 11y
2. Manakah yang berikut merupakan persamaan B 5y
linear dalam satu pemboleh ubah? C –5y
Which of the following is a linear equation in one D –11y
variable?
A xy + 5 = 0 B p2 – 3 = 8
C 3k + 1 = 10 D 5 =n+4 PT3 Bahagian B
2 m
7. (a) Bulatkan semua persamaan linear dalam satu
3. Jika 6x + 3 = 3(7 – x), maka x = pemboleh ubah.
If 6x + 3 = 3(7 – x), then x = Circle all the linear equations in one variable.
A 1 B 2 [2 markah/2 marks]
C 3 D 6
x+7=y–1 m–5=6
4. Diberi bahawa 2m = –6 dan 3m – 4k = –5. Cari
nilai k. 3t = 1 – t x2 = 4 3x = y
It is given that 2m = –6 and 3m – 4k = –5. Find the
value of k.
A –3.5 B –1 (b) Selesaikan.
C 1 D 3.5 Solve.
(i) 4x – 7 = 1
5. Ken mempunyai RM420. Dia membelanjakan (ii) n + 1 = 6
kesemua wangnya untuk membeli x buah buku 2
berharga RM35 sebuah dan y buah kalkulator [2 markah/2 marks]
berharga RM70 sebuah. Apakah persamaan (i) 4x – 7 = 1
linear yang menghubungkan x dan y? 4x = 8
Ken has RM420. He spends all of his money for buying
x=2
x books costing RM35 each and y calculators costing
RM70 each. What is the linear equation relating x
and y?
A x + 2y = 10 (ii) n + 1 = 6
2
B x + 2y = 12 n =5
C x + 3y = 10 2
D x + 3y = 12 n = 10
65

8. Lengkapkan jadual di bawah. Cari nilai p.

Complete the table. Find the value of p.
[4 markah/4 marks] [3 markah/3 marks]
(p + 8) + 12 + 12 + 3p = 60
Persamaan linear 4p + 32 = 60
x y
Linear equation
4p = 28
2x + 3y = 12 −3 6 p =7
1
4y = x−5 3 −1
3
x
−2=y 4 –2
3 3
2(x + 1) = 5y −6 −2 (c) Jumlah harga bagi sehelai baju dan sehelai
seluar ialah RM20. Lima helai baju dan
sehelai seluar dijual pada harga RM59.20.
Cari harga, dalam RM, sehelai baju.
PT3 Bahagian C The total price of a shirt and a pair of trousers is
RM20. Five shirts and a pair of trousers are sold
9. (a) Selesaikan persamaan linear yang berikut. at RM59.20. Find the price, in RM, of a shirt.
Solve the following linear equations. [4 markah/4 marks]
(i) x + 2 = 5x HEBAT MODUL 7
3(n – 1) Katakan/Let
(ii) =n–4
2 x = Harga sehelai baju
[3 markah/3 marks] Cost of a shirt
(i) x + 2 = 5 y = Harga sehelai seluar
x=3 Cost of a pair of trousers
x + y = 20 …… ①
(ii) 3(n – 1) =n–4
2 5x + y = 59.20 …… ②
3n – 3 = 2(n – 4)
② − ①:
3n – 3 = 2n – 8
4x = 39.20
n = –5
x = 9.80
Maka, harga sehelai baju ialah RM9.80.
Thus, the price of a shirt is RM9.80.
(b) Dalam rajah di bawah, PQRS ialah trapezium

dan TUV ialah segi tiga sama sisi. Perimeter
trapezium PQRS adalah sama dengan
perimeter segi tiga TUV.
In the diagram, PQRS is a trapezium and TUV
is an equilateral triangle. The perimeter of the
trapezium PQRS is equal to the perimeter of the
triangle TUV.
T
P (p + 8) cm Q
20 cm
12 cm
S R U V
3p cm 66

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BAB 1: Nombor Nisbah

A. Selesaikan setiap yang berikut.

(a) –5 + (–4) = –5 – 4 (b) –9 – (–3) = –9 + 3

1. 6 + (–9) = 6 – 9 2. –7 + (+2) = –7 + 2 3. –8 + (–5) = –8 – 5

B. Selesaikan setiap yang berikut.

5. –28 ÷ 7 6. –36 ÷ (–6) 7. 20 ÷ (–5) 8. –40 ÷ (– 4)

01 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B1-ZAH 1P.indd 3 11/18/20 12:37 PM

BAB 1: Nombor Nisbah

Hitung setiap yang berikut.

1. –8 + (– 4) × 3 2. –35 ÷ (–7 + 2) 3. 6 × (–10 + 4)

4. 12 + (– 6) × 5 – (–9) 5. (1 – 5) + (– 48) ÷ 4 6. –42 ÷ 7 + (5 – 8) × 5

7. –13 + (–32) 8. –25 + 36 ÷ (–12) 9. –24 ÷ (–8) + (–30)

01 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B1-ZAH 1P.indd 4 11/18/20 12:37 PM

BAB 1: Nombor Nisbah

Selesaikan masalah yang berikut.

Kedudukan penyelam Jarak menegak di antara burung camar dan penyelam

(a) Bilangan soalan yang dijawab salah oleh Ridzuan

(b) Beza antara markah Sofian dan markah Ridzuan

01 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B1-ZAH 1P.indd 6 11/18/20 12:37 PM

BAB 1: Nombor Nisbah

Hitung setiap yang berikut.

Tukar nombor bercampur kepada pecahan tak wajar. Lakukan ÷ dahulu.

1. – 8 × !–4 13 +25 " 2. 4 7 ÷ –1 1 + 5 1

01 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B1-ZAH 1P.indd 8 11/18/20 12:37 PM

BAB 1: Nombor Nisbah

Selesaikan setiap yang berikut.

Lakukan operasi dalam tanda kurung dahulu.

–1.37 + (0.9 – 1.4) × 2.86

1. –1.6 × (–4.27 + 1.12) 2. – 0.75 – 1.68 ÷ (– 0.7)

3. 2.63 + 4.5 × (–2.8) 4. –3.71 – 1.92 + 1.05

5. –1.44 ÷ [–5.32 – (–6.12)] 6. –1.92 + (–6.57 – 4.23) ÷ 2.4

7. –5.74 – 3.6 × (–2.2) – 0.92 8. (9.23 – 11.6) + 7.92 ÷ (–4.8)

01 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B1-ZAH 1P.indd 11 11/18/20 12:37 PM

BAB 1: Nombor Nisbah

PBD 1.5 Nombor Nisbah Buku Teks: m.s. 23 – 25

1. Nombor nisbah boleh ditulis dalam bentuk pecahan. Benar/True

B. Bulatkan nombor yang merupakan nombor nisbah.

–508 0.3333… 75 –6.725 0 3.14159…

C. Selesaikan setiap yang berikut.

2. –2.4 – 3 × – 1 5 + 0.85 ! " 3. – 5 × 4.5 + – 1 2 ÷ 3 2 ! "

01 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B1-ZAH 1P.indd 13 11/18/20 12:37 PM

PRAKTIS KE ARAH PT3 (1)

PT3 Bahagian A (b) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan empat keping

5 (ii) 4 × (25 × 8) = (4 × 25) × 8

01 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B1-ZAH 1P.indd 15 11/18/20 12:37 PM

PT3 Bahagian C (c) Jadual di bawah menunjukkan jenis pokok

01 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B1-ZAH 1P.indd 16 11/20/20 4:42 PM

BAB 5: Ungkapan Algebra

A. Permudahkan setiap yang berikut.

1. (3k − 8h) + (2k + 5h)

2. (4x − 7y) − (5x − 9y) 3. (9pq − rs + 4) − (−5pq + 2rs − 3)

4. (5mn + 1) − (6h − 2mn) + (–10 + 4h)

B. Permudahkan setiap yang berikut.

2. (3 − 5r) × (3 − 5r) 3. (ab + 2c − 9) × (ab + 2c − 9) × (ab + 2c − 9)

C. Tulis setiap yang berikut dalam bentuk pendaraban berulang.

2. (ab)3 3. (4x + 3y)2

05 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B5-ZAH 1P.indd 52 11/13/20 10:49 AM

BAB 5: Ungkapan Algebra

A. Cari hasil darab bagi setiap yang berikut.

B. Cari hasil bahagi bagi setiap yang berikut.

2. 9r3st2 ÷ 6r2s2t 3. 10pq4r ÷ (−4p2q)

05 MAMD 2021 MATEMATIK TG1(N.MURID)-B5-ZAH 1P.indd 53 11/13/20 10:49 AM

BAB 5: Ungkapan Algebra