2
f ( x )=x (−π < x < π )
Rumus deret Fourier:
∞
nπ
f ( x )=a0 + ∑ a 0 cos
n=1 L
Karena fungsi f(x) = x2 adalah fungsi cosinus atau fungsi genap maka dapat ditentukan
langsung nilai bn = 0, sehingga: b n=0
Kemudian mencari nilai a0
L
a 0 = 1 ∫ f ( x ) dx
2 L −L
π
1
= ∫ 2 x dx
2 π −π
1 1 3 π
= x ∨¿−π ¿
2π 3
1 1 3 1 3
= ( π − (−π )¿
2π 3 3
1 1 3 1 3
= ( π + π ¿
2π 3 3
1 2 3
= ( π ¿
2π 3
1 2
= ( π)
3
π
2 1 2 π 2
= ( x sin(nx) ¿ -
π π 0 π ∫ xsin ( nx ) dx )
0
Misalkan : u = x, du = dx
1
dv = sin(nx) dx, v(x) = - cos(nx)
n
maka didapatkan nilai ɑn
π
−4 −1 π 1
ɑn = ( x cos (nx) ¿ +
nπ n 0 n ∫ cos ( nx ) dx )
0
4 1 π
= 2 ((-1)n π - sin (nx) ¿ )
n π n 0
4 n
ɑn = 2 (-1)
n
4 n
Jadi nilai ɑn = 2 (-1)
n
Untuk nilai n = ganjil maka nilai fungsi an menjadi negatif
Untuk nilai n = genap maka nilai fungsi an menjadi positif
Penyelesaian:
Dari grafik diatas dapat diambil persamaan sebagai berikut
{
f ( x )= π −x 0< x <π
π + x−π < x <0 }
Untuk mencari deret Fourier:
∞
f ( x )=a0 + ∑ (an cos nx +b n ¿ sin nx)¿
n=1
Cari nilai a0
L
a 0 = 1 ∫ f ( x ) dx
2 L −L
[∫ ∫ ]
0 π
1
= f ( x ) dx + f ( x ) dx
2π −π 0
[∫ ∫ ]
0 π
1
= (π + x )dx+ (π−x )dx
2π −π 0
[ ( )] [ ( )] ]
0 π
1 x2 x2
= πx + + πx −
2π 2 −π 2 0
1 2 π2 2 π2
= [π − + π − ]
2π 2 2
1 2 π
= (π ¿ =
2π 2
Cari nilai an
π
a n = 1 ∫ f ( x ) cos nx dx
π −π
[ ]
0 π
1
=
π
∫ f ( x ) cos nx dx +∫ f ( x ) cos nx dx
−π 0
[∫ ]
0 π
1
= (π + x)cos nx dx +∫ ( π −x)cos nx dx
π −π 0
[[ ] [ ]]
0 π
1 sin nx 1 sin nx 1
= ( π+x) + 2 cos nx + ( π −x ) + 2 cos nx
π n n −π
n n 0
1
= ( I 1+ I 2)
π
0
I1 = ∫ ( π + x ) cos ( nx ) dx
−π
Misalkan: u = x + π du = 1
1
dv = cos(nx) v = sin(nx)
n
( 1 1
I1 = ( x + π ) sin ( nx )−∫ 1. sin ( nx ) dx 0
n n −π )|
= (( x + π ) sin ( nx )−∫ sin ( nx ) dx )| 0
1 1
n n −π
( 1 −1
(
= ( x + π ) sin ( nx )− 2 cos (nx)
n n
0
−π ))|
( 1 1
= ( x + π ) sin ( nx ) + 2 cos (nx)
n n )|0
−π
1 n 1
= 2
−(−1 ) 2
n n
I2 = ∫ ( π −x ) cos ( nx ) dx
0
Misalkan : u = π – x du = 1
1
dv = cos(nx) v= sin (nx )
n
( 1 1
= ( π−x ) sin ( nx )−∫ (−1 ) sin ( nx ) dx π
n n 0 )|
( 1 1
)|
= ( π−x ) sin ( nx ) +∫ sin ( nx ) dx π
n n 0
=-
(−1 )n −1
n
2
− 2
n ( )
(−1 )n 1
=- 2 + 2
n n
Sehingga an
[ ]
n
1 1 1 (−1 ) 1
= −(−1 )n 2 − 2 + 2
π n 2
n n n
n
2−2 (−1 )
=
π n2
Untuk nilai an pada:
4
a1 =
π
a2 = 0
4
a3 =
9π
a4 = 0
4
a5 =
25 π
Cari nilai bn
(∫ )
0 π
1
bn = ( x+ π ) sin ( nx ) dx +∫ ( π −x ) sin ( nx ) dx
π −π 0
= ( 1 π
π n )
(−1+ (−1 )n ) + π
n
= (
π n n)
1 −π π
+ =0
Penyelesaian:
Menggunakan identitas Parseval, dimana:
∞ π
1
2a 0+ ∑ ( a n+ bn ) = ∫ f ( x )2 dx
2 2
n=1 π −π
bn = 0
n=1 π −π
( ) ( )
2 2 ∞ n+2 2
π 4 (−1 ) 12 5
2 +∑ = π
3 n=1
2
n π5
( )
∞
2 π4 −1 2 n+4
2 π4
+16 ∑ 4 =
9 n=1 n 5
∞
1 2 π 4 2 π4
16 ∑ 4
= -
n=1 n 5 9
∞
1 8π4
∑ n 4 = 16∗45
n =1
4
π
¿
90
¿ 1.082323234
PROBLEM 13 IN SEC 11.4
Using (8), prove that the series has the indicated sum. Compute the first few partial sums to see
that the convergence is rapid
4
1 1 1 π
1+ 4
+ 4 + 4 + …= =1.014678032
3 5 7 96
Penyelesaian:
Menggunakan identitas Parseval, dimana:
∞ π
1
2a 0+ ∑ ( a n+ bn ) = ∫ f ( x )2 dx
2 2
n=1 π −π
{
f ( x )= π −x 0< x <π
π + x−π < x <0 }
Didapatkan koefisien-koefisien Fourier adalah sebagai berikut.
n
π 2−2 (−1 )
a0 = an = bn = 0
2 π n2
4 n=1 n π π −π
[ ]
n 2
π
2
4 ( 1−(−1 ) ∞
) 1
0 π
+ 2∑ ∫ ( π + x ) dx+∫ ( π −x ) dx
2 2
=
2 π n=1 n4 π −π 0
n 2
π
2
4 ( 1−(−1 ) ∞
) 2π
3
+ 2∑ =
2 π n=1 n4 3
2
∞
( 1−(−1 )n ) π
4
∑ n4
=
24
n =1
4
4 4 4 π
4 + 4 + 4 + 4 …=
3 5 7 96
4
1 1 1 π
1 + 4 + 4 + 4 …= = 1.014678032
3 5 7 96