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TEBU (saccharum officinarum L.)
ANALISA TEKNIS KEKUATAN MEKANIS MATERIAL KOMPOSIT BERPENGUAT
SERAT AMPAS TEBU (BAGGASE) DITINJAU DARI KEKUATAN TARIK DAN IMPAK

01 PENDAHULUAN

02 METODOLOGI

03 HASIL PEMBAHASAN

04 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

PENDAHULUAN
abstrak merupakan penyajian singkat mengenai

A Abstrak isi tulisan sehingga pada tulisan, ia menjadi bagian

tersendiri

Latar Latar Belakang adalah dasar atau titik tolak

untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada
LB Belakang pembaca atau pendengar mengenai apa yang
ingin kita sampaikan.

Rumusan Rumusan masalah adalah tulisan singkat berupa

pertanyaan yang biasanya terletak di awal laporan atau
RM Masalah proposal dan biasanya terletak setelah latar belakang
yang dijelaskan dalam laporan tersebut

Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan suatu

Tujuan rumusan hasil dari suatu penelitian melalui proses
TP Penelitian
mencari, menemukan, mengembangkan, serta
menguji suatu pengetahuan
 abstrak
Serat ampas tebu (baggase) merupakan limbah organik yang banyak dihasilkan di pabrikpabrik
pengolahan gula tebu di Indonesia. Serat ini memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi selain merupakan
hasil limbah pabrik gula tebu, serat ini juga mudah didapat, murah, tidak membahayakan kesehatan, dapat
terdegredasi secara alami (biodegradability) sehingga nantinya dengan pemanfaatan sebagai serat
penguat komposit mampu mengatasi permasalahan lingkungan. Dari pertimbangan diatas maka penelitian
ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan analisa teknis berupa kekuatan tarik dan impak dari komposit berpenguat
serat ampas tebu (baggase) dengan perlakuan pola anyaman variasi arah serat sudut arah serat sudut
searah 0̊̊ dan bersilangan 45 . sebagai penguat matrik resin polyester.
Latar Belakangan Text Slide for
your Presentation. ALLPPT
Salah satu serat alam yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia adalah serat ampas tebu
Layout
(baggase).Clea
Kegiatan pasca panen dan pengolahan hasil pertanian/perkebunan, termasuk
pemanfaatan produk samping dan sisa pengolahannya masih kurang optimal. Dalam
industri pengolah tebu menjadi gula, ampas tebu yang dihasilkan jumlahnya dapat
mencapai 90% dari setiap tebu yang diolah. Selama ini pemanfaatan ampas tebu sebagai
bahan baku pembuatan particle board, bahan bakar boiler, pupuk organik dan pakan
ternak bersifat terbatas dan bernilai ekonomi rendah. Pemanfaatan serat ampas tebu
sebagai serat penguat material komposit akan mempunyai arti yang sangat penting yaitu
dari segi pemanfaaatan limbah industri khususnya industri pembuatan gula di Indonesia
yang belum dioptimalkan dari segi ekonomi dan pemanfaatan hasil olahannya.
RUMUSAN MASALAH
perumusan masalah yang diperoleh adalah
sebagai berikut : Sejauh manakah material
komposit berpenguat serat tebu mampu menahan
beban tarik dan impak sehingga dapat digunakan
untuk penelitian lebih lanjut dalam pembuatan
kulit kapal.
 Untuk mengetahui kekuatan dari material
komposit berpenguat serat ampas tebu jika
menerima beban tarik untuk pembuatan kulit
kapal sesuai standar kekuatan mekanis yang
disyaratkan/diizinkan BKI serta untuk
mengetahui kekuatan impaknya

Tujuan Penelitian

Untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi

arah serat terhadap kekuatan tarik
dari material komposit berpenguat
serat ampas tebu.
METODOLOGI
TAHAP I
PERSIAPAN.

I
TAHAP II
PROSES PEMBUATAN KOMPOSIT .

TAHAP III
II IV
PROSES PEMBUATAN SPESIMEN UJI.

TAHAP IV
PROSES PENGUJIAN.
III
 • BAHAN : serat ampas tebu (baggase), resin
Persiapan polyester, katalis, dan wax.
.

• ALAT : alat cetak, penjepit kayu, timbangan digital,

gelas ukur, mixer, gerinda, gergaji dan kuas cat.
 Pengolahan Serat Ampas
Tebu
• berumur 1 tahun, setelah memiliki
ketinggian 1,5-3 meter dan berdiameter
1,8-5 cm
• Memperoleh laminate dengan menyusun
anyaman serat ampas tebu secara
merata kemudian membentuk anyaman
dengan arah serat saling bersilangan
tegak lurus (-45 dan +45)
• serat tebu dikeringkan dengan diangin-
anginkan selama 7 hari.
• benang-benang serat diikat dengan
jumlah antara 8-12 benang yang memilki
diameter 2,5 mm
• melakukan penganyaman serat secara
manual

PROSES PEMBUATAN Variasi Arah Serat Eceng

. Gondok
KOMPOSIT
• Arah serat dwiarah (pola anyaman)
dengan sudut searah 0̊̊
• Arah serat dwiarah (pola anyaman)
dengan sudut bersilangan 45

Pembuatan Komposit
Berpenguat Serat Ampas Tebu
• Menyiapkan alat bahan
• Menghitung ketebalan lamina
• Menghitung fraksi berat dan volume
bahan.
• Tutup cetakan dengan plastic
• Setelah 9 jam atau lamina material
komposit benar-benar kering, material
boleh dikeluarkan dari cetakan.
 • Laminat material komposit berpenguat serat ampas tebu yang
telah dikeluarkan dari cetakan digambar/ditandai sesuai bentuk
standar benda uji ASTM yang digunakan
• Untuk kekuatan tarik sesuai dengan batasan penelitian yang
menguji spesimen hanya untuk dua macam arah serat saja,
maka laminate tadi digambar/ditandai berdasarkan bentuk
standar benda uji ASTM yang digunakan sesuai dengan arah
sudut yang direncanakan yaitu searah 0̊̊ dan bersilangan 45.
• Kemudian spesimen dipotong- potong dengan menggunakan
PROSES PEMBUATAN gergaji sesuai dengan jumlah spesimen yang dipeerlukan untuk
.
KOMPOSIT tiap-tiap arah sudut (1 arah sudut berjumlah 5 sampel)
• Untuk pengujian impak diambil sudut yang terbaik antara sudut
arah serat 0̊̊ dan 45 yang diketahui setelah uji tarik dilakukan.
Laminate material komposit yang telah kering digambar/ditandai
sesuai dengan bentuk standar benda uji ASTM untuk uji impak
Spesimen ini dibuat sebanyak lima sampel uji
 PROSES
PENGUJIAN.
 HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
Pada Rules And Regulation For The Classification And
Construction Of Ships, Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia ( BKI ), 1996,
section 1.C.4.1.disyaratkan sebagai berikut : “ Besaran yang
disyaratkan dalam peraturan ini khusus dispesifikasikan untuk
kapal-kapal FRP dengan bahan penguat fiberglass yang diisi oleh
serat penguat baik itu jenis Mat dan Roving harus memiliki
standar kekuatan sebagai berikut :

Mengacu pada persyaratan BKI ( Tabel 5 ) di atas dan

membandingkan nilai hasil uji tarik dari masing-masing variasi arah
serat dapat dilihat bahwa variasi arah serat 00 dan arah serat 450
belum memenuhi standar persyaratan yang ditetapkan Biro
Klasifikasi Indonesia. Kekuatan tarik komposit serat ampas tebu
memiliki nilai-nilai yang lebih kecil dari standar BKI dengan rasio
sebagai berikut :
• Untuk Variasi sudut 00 , kekuatan tariknya 83.50 % lebih kecil
dari standar BKI dan modulus elastisitasnya 83.89 % lebih kecil
dari standar BKI.
• Untuk Variasi sudut 450 , kekuatan tariknya 87.00 % lebih kecil
dari standar BKI dan modulus elastisitasnya 84.93 % lebih kecil
dari standar BKI.
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 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

Hasil pengujian statistik dengan metode T-Test menunjukkan bahwa

variasi pada arah serat ampas tebu dengan pola anyaman
memberikan pengaruh pada kekuatan tarik komposit berpenguat serat
eceng gondok.

TERIMAKASIH
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