MATEMATIKA EKONOMI
By : Enny Radjab
1
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
HIMPUNAN
I. Definisi himpunan
Himpunan adalah kumpulan dari objek-objek yang berbeda.
Untuk menyatakan, digunakan huruf KAPITAL seperti A, B, C, dsb.
Untuk menyatakan anggota-anggotanya digunakan huruf kecil,
seperti a,b,c, dsb.
2
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
CONTOH2 HIMPUNAN
1. A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, …}
2. B = {‘hafidz’, 20, ‘matematika’,2004}
3. C = {a, b, {a}, {b, c}, c, d, {e, 9}}
4. D = {x : x<15, x bilangan Prima}
5. E = {x: x2 + 2x + 5 = 0, xR}
3
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
HIMPUNAN
4
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
5
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
6
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
7
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
HIMPUNAN BAGIAN
8
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
A
C
Simbol himpunan
Bagian
AM
BM
CM
B
9
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
10
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
1. OPERASI -UNION
Definisi : A U B = { x | x A atau x B }
A B
Contoh-1 A = { 2, 3, 5, 7, 9}
B = { 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, }
C = { 10, 11, 14, 15}
D = { Anto, 14, L}
E = {1, 2, 4 }
Maka : A U B = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9}
A U D = {2, 3, 5, 7, 9, Anto, 14, L}
BUC = ? BUD = ? CUD =?
11
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
2. OPERASI -IRISAN
Definisi : A B = { x | x A dan x B }
A B
Contoh : Maka :
A = { 2, 3, 5, 7, 9} A B = {2, 5}
B = { 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, } E B = { 1,2 4}
C = { 10, 11, 14, 15} AC={} A E = {2}
D = { Anto, 14, L} D C = {14}
E = {1, 2, 4 } AD={}
12
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
B = {1,2,3,5,6,8,9,10}
C = {3,5,9}
Maka : A – B = {4,7}
B – A = {1,5,8,10}
A–C={
B–C={
C–B={
13
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
14
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
5. OPERSAI - KOMPLEMEN
Definisi : Ac = { x | x A dan x S }
Ac
A
Contoh :
A = { 2, 3, 5, 6, 8) ;
B = {1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 13}
S = { x | x bilangan asli 14} S A B
Maka : 4 13
5 6
7 10
8 2
Ac = { 1,4,7, 9,10,11,12,13,14} 3 9
1
11 14 12
Bc = {3,5, 8,11,12,14}
15
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
A U Ac = S A Ac = Sc = c = S
8. Hukum De Morgan
( A U B )c = Ac Bc ( A B )c = Ac U Bc
16
Tuesday, September 6, 2022
d. B (B C) j. (B C)c - A
e. (B - C)c (A - B) k. B ( Ac – C)
17
SISTEM BILANGAN
SIFAT BILANGAN
KOMUTATIF
ASOSIATIF
DISTRIBUTIF
IDENTITAS
INVERS
19
OPERASI BILANGAN
Kaidah Komutatif
Kaidah Asosiatif
Kaidah Pembatalan
Kaidah Distributif
Unsur Penyama
Kebalikan
OPERASI TANDA
Contoh: 2 + 3 = 5 ; 2 + -3 menjadi 2 – 3 = -1
Perkalian