Teori Belajar

Konsep Belajar
Kognitivisme
Dosen Pengampu:
Dra. Nise Samudra Sasanti, M.Hum
Pembahasan
Teori Gestalt dalam Psikologi Proses Belajar Menggunakan Insight

Hukum-Hukum Gestalt Teori Jean Piaget

Model Mengelola Informasi Model Tingakatan Mengelola Informasi

Connectionisme: Alternatif lain untuk

Three – Store Model
Teori Gestalt dalam
Psikologi
Teori gestalt ini memandang belajar adalah proses yang didasarkan pada pemahaman (insight).
Teori gestalt ini menyatakan bahwa yang paling penting dalam proses belajar individu adalah
dimengertinya apa yang dipelajari oleh individu tersebut (insight)

Psikologi gestalt adalah sebuah teori tentang pikiran dan otak, dimana prinsip kerjanya otak
adalah holistik, paralel, dan analog dengan kecenderungan mengorganisasikan sendiri atau
bahwa keseluruhan berbeda dengan penjumlahan
bagian per bagian.
Proses Belajar
Menggunakan Insight
Insight tergantung pada kemampuan dasar. Perbedaan kemampuan pada individu
terletak pada usia.
1.Insight tergantung pada pengalaman masa lampau yang relevan.
2.Insight tergantung pada pengaturan pengaturan situasi yang dihadapi.
3.Insight didahului dengan periode mencari dan mencoba-coba
4.Solusi problem dengan menggunakan insight dapat diulangi dengan mudah, dan
akan berlaku secara langsung.
5.Jika insight telah terbentuk, maka problem pada situasi-situasi yang lain dapat
dipecahkan.
 Hukum Pragnanz (Good Form)
01 hukum pragnanz merupakan hukum umum dalam psikologi
gestalt, hukum ini menyatakan bahwa organisasi psikologis

Hukum-Hukum selalu cenderung untuk bergerak ke arah penuh arti (pragnaz).

Gestalt Hukum Kesamaan (the law of similarity)

02 hukum ini menyatakan bahwa hal-hal yang sama
cenderung membentuk gestalt atau kesatuan

Hukum Keterdekatan (the law of proximity)

03 hukum yang menyatakan bahwa hal-hal yang saling
berdekatan cenderung membentuk kesatuan.
 Hukum Ketertutupan (the law of closure)
04
Hukum-Hukum prinsip hukum ini menyatakan bahwa hal-hal
yang tertutup cenderung membentuk gestalt.
Gestalt .

Hukum Kontinuitas
05 hukum ini menyatakan bahwa hal-hal yang kontinu atau yang
merupakan kesinambungan (kontinuitas) yang baik akan
mempunyai tendensi untuk membentuk kesatuan atau gestalt.
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“We’re not makers of history.
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history.”
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31% 48%

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