Magnetic induction
Lorentz Force
Electromagnetic induction
Formulation of alternating current and voltage
alternating current circuits
1. Magnetic Induction
Biot-Savarts law
dB
0 i dl sin
4
r2
0 i
2r
0 i
(sin 1 sin 2 )
4r
0 i
2r
0 i
2r
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
0 i
l
1 0 i
N
2 l
0 i
2 a
Exercise
1.
0i
(2 2 )
4 a
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
4.
5.
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
2. Lorentz Force
Gaya Lorenz adalah suatu gaya yang timbul sebagai akibat dari diletakkannya suatu kawat
berarus didalam medan magnet
-The direction of Lorentz force
Lorenz force based on the right-hand rule :
- The Lorentz force in wire carrying electric current can be determined by the equation as follows
F = Lorentz force (N)
B = Magnetic Induction (T)
F B i l sin
= The angle between B and I
i = Electric Current (A)
l = Length of wire (m)
- Lorentz Force in two parallel wires carrying electric current
i i
F1 F2 0 1 2
2r
F B q v sin
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
Exercise
1.
i3
i1
F23
F23
i2
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3. lectromagnetic Induction
1. Magnetic Flux
AB cos
= magnetic flux
A = surface area
B = magnetic induction
= the angle between B with the planes normal line
2. Faradays Law
if the magnetic flux that entering coil changes, then at the coil ends will emerge induction
electromotive force and the amount of this induction electromotive force depends on the rate
change of magnetic field wrapped by the coil
ind
ind N
ind N
d
dt
ind N B l v
3. Lenzs Law
the direction of induction current is in such away that the magnetic field it produces is opposite
in direction to the magnetic field producing the induction current
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
ind N
d d ( BA cos )
dt
dt
ind NB cos (
dA
)
dt
ind NB cos (
A2 A1
)
t2 t2
ind NA cos (
dB
)
dt
ind NB cos (
B2 B1
)
t2 t 2
ind NB (
d cos
)
dt
ind NB cos (
cos 2 cos1
)
t2 t2
Exercise
1. Sebuah permukaan kotak dengan luas
200 cm2 diletakka pada suatu daerah
medan magnetik 15 x 10-3 T. Arah
normal bidang kotak membuat sudut
terhadap arah medan magnetik.
Tentukan fluks magnetik yang
memotong permukaan kotak jika
adalah:
a. 00
b. 900
c. 300
2. penghantar PQ berbentuk huruf U
diletakkan dalam medan magnet
homogen. Besar induksi magnetik
adalah 2 x 10-2 T dengan arah keluar
bidang kertas. Penghantar RS ditari
ke kanan dengan kecepatan 40 cm/s
a. hitunglah ggl induksi yang terjadi
b. kemana arah arus induksi mengalir
dalam penghantar RS?
c. Jika hambatan kawat PQ adalah 20
ohm, tenukan besar arus induksi yang
mengalir melalui penghantar RS
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
ind N B A sin t
max N B A
ind
t
C. Transfomer
Secondary voltage in the transformer depends on the winding number of each coil and the primary
voltage used.
V1 N 1
V2 N 2
P1
x100%
P2
= transformer efficiency
P1 = primary power (watt)
P2 = secondary power (watt)
Exercise
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
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Inductance
i L
I
t
i L
dI
dt
L N
r o
maka
Lb o Lo
Inductance of solenoid
o N 2 A
l
The stored enegy on the inductor can be determine by the equastion as follows
1
L I2
2
Um
W
B2
V
2
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
Exercise
1. A coil has inductance of 5 H and a resistor
has resistance of 20 . Both are set in the
voltage source of 100 volt. Calculate the
energy stored on the coil if the current
reach maximum value.
2. Inductance of a coil which consists of 400
windings is 8,0 mH. What is the magnetic
flux passing trough the coil if its electric
current is 5 x 10-3 A?
3. Suatu penghantar dialiri arus listrik yang
berubah-ubah 4,0 A tiap sekon. Apabila
induktansi diri penghantar itu 8,0 x 10-3 H,
berapa ggl induksi diri antara ujung-ujung
penghantar itu?
4. hitung induktansi diri sebuah kumparan yang
membangkitkan ggl induksi 20 mV ketika
arus yang melalui kumparan berubah dengan
kelajuan 2, A/sekon
5. Sebuah kumparan dengan hambatan 5,0 ohm
dan induktansi 0,050 H dialiri oleh arus yang
besarnya berubah-ubah menurut persamaan i
= 20 sin 100t (dalam satuan SI). Tentukan
kuat arus induksi maksimum yang melalui
kumparan tersebut
6. sebuah kumparan dengan induktansi 0,25 H
dialiri arus yang berubah-ubah terhadap
waktu menurut persamaan i = 8-6t2 (dalam
satuan SI. Kapankah (berapa nilai t) ggl
induksi diri antara ujung-ujung kumparan
tersebut encapai 12 volt
7. Arus tetap 1,5 A membangkitkan fluks
magnetik 1,2 x 10-4Wbdalam kumparan yang
terdiri atas 450 lilitan. Tentukan induktansi
diri kumparan itu
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
0,2 2
cm , berapa
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
max sin t
And
i I max sin t
Phasor Diagram
= 900
=180
= 00
=270 0
I ef
Im
2
Vef
Vm
2
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
I I m sin t
V Vm sin t
Vm R I m
Diagram fasornya
Vm
Im
b. Inductive circuit
V L I m sin (t 90 0 )
Vm L I m
Diagram fasornya
V
0
= 90
Reaktansi induktif
XL
Vef
I ef
Vm
Im
X L L 2 f L
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
3. Capacitive circuit
Vm
Im
sin (t 90)
C
Vm
Im
C
diagram fasornya
i
0
= 90
Reaktansi kapasitif
XC
XC
Vef
I ef
Vm
Im
1
1
C 2 f C
V 2 VR2 (VL VC ) 2
V I R2 (X L X C )2
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
The phase difference between voltage (V) and current (I) in the series R-L-C
tg
V L VC X L X C
VR
R
Z R 2 (X L X C )2
Phasor diagrams of impedances in the series R-L-C
Resonance
1
LC
fr
1
2
1
LC
V
2
R (X L X C )
V
R 2 (L
1 2
)
C
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
Exercise
1. An AC voltmeter is connected to the AC
voltage source shown the value of 110 volt,
calculate:
a. maximum voltage
b. effective current flowing through the
resistor of 50 which is connected to
the voltage source
2. An AC voltage source is connected to an
oscilloscope and results the reading as
follows
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
7
sekon
800
11
sekon.
600
7
sekon
480
50
Hz, hitunglah:
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Ayu Sundari. Magnetic Field. Physic Work sheet. Grade XII
sekon
300
60
Hz
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0,1
H
16 2
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