sports center

DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Judul .........................................................................................................
Halaman Pengesahan ..............................................................................................
Kata Pengantar.........................................................................................................
Abstraksi ..................................................................................................................
Daftar Isi ...................................................................................................................
Daftar Gambar ..........................................................................................................

i
ii
iii
iv
v
xi

BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1
Judul Perancangan ........................................................................................ 1
1.2
Pengertian Judul ............................................................................................ 1
1.3
Latar Belakang Permasalahan ....................................................................... 1
1.3.1 Pentingnya Sports Center di Sumenep ................................................ 1
1.3.2 Jenis Kegiatan Olahraga yang Berkembang di Sumenep .................... 3
1.3.2.1 Sepakbola ............................................................................ 3
1.3.2.2 Bola Basket .......................................................................... 3
1.3.2.3 Bola Volley ............................................................................ 3
1.3.3 Pengertian Sport Center...................................................................... 4
1.3.4 Citra Bangunan Hi-Tech pada Sports Center ....................................... 4
1.3.4.1 Pengertian Citra Bangunan ................................................... 4
1.3.4.2 Pengertian Hi-Tech ............................................................... 4
1.3.4.3 Teknik atau Gaya Hi-Tech ..................................................... 6
1.3.5 Hi-Tech dalam Bangunan Sports Center ............................................. 6
1.4
Rumusan Permasalahan ............................................................................... 8
1.4.1 Permasalahan Umum ......................................................................... 8
1.4.2 Permasalahan Khusus ........................................................................ 8
1.5
Tujuan dan Sasaran ....................................................................................... 8
1.5.1 Tujuan................................................................................................. 8
1.5.2 Sasaran .............................................................................................. 8
1.6
Lingkup Permasalahan .................................................................................. 8
1.7
Identifikasi Proyek.......................................................................................... 8
1.7.1 Profil Pengguna Bangunan ................................................................. 8
1.7.2 Lokasi Site........................................................................................... 9
1.7.3 Potensi Site ......................................................................................... 10
1.8
Metoda Pembahasan..................................................................................... 11
1.8.1 Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................. 11

04512037 M. NIZA YURISTIAWAN K.

sports center
1.8.1.1 Studi Literatur .......................................................................
1.8.1.2 Studi Intansional ...................................................................
1.8.2 Analisis dan Sintesis ..........................................................................
1.8.3 Perumusan Konsep ............................................................................
Keaslian Penulisan.........................................................................................
Sistematika Pembahasan..............................................................................
Kerangka Pola Pikir........................................................................................

11
11
11
12
12
13
14

BAB II TINJAUAN
2.1
Tinjauan Literatur...........................................................................................
2.1.1 Citra Bangunan...................................................................................
2.1.1.1 Penampilan Bangunan .........................................................
2.1.1.1.1 Orientasi Bangunan............................................
a. Posisi Bangunan ............................................
b. View Bangunan...............................................
2.1.1.1.2 Selubung Bangunan............................................
a. Lingkungan.....................................................
b. Struktural.........................................................
c. Konstruksi.......................................................
d. Estetika...........................................................
e. Pemeliharaan .................................................
2.1.1.1.3 Karakter Bangunan ............................................
2.1.1.2 Bentuk Bangunan .................................................................
2.1.1.2.1 Wujud Bangunan................................................
a. Dimensi ..........................................................
b. Proporsi ..........................................................
2.1.1.2.2 Facade Bangunan ..............................................
a. Bahan Bangunan ...........................................
b. Warna.............................................................
c. Tekstur ............................................................
2.1.1.2.3 Fungsi Bangunan................................................
a. Kegiatan .........................................................
b. Kebutuhan Ruang ..........................................
c. Pemakai...........................................................
2.1.2 Kenyamanan.......................................................................................
2.1.2.1 Manusia ................................................................................
2.1.2.2 Lingkungan ...........................................................................

15
15
17
17
18
18
18
19
19
19
19
19
19
20
20
21
21
22
23
23
23
24
24
24
24
24
24
25

1.9
1.10
1.11

04512037 M. NIZA YURISTIAWAN K.

vi

sports center
2.1.2.2.1

2.2

Ruang Luar.........................................................
a. Tapak..............................................................
b. Zoning ............................................................
c. Sirkulasi ..........................................................
Ruang Dalam .....................................................

2.1.2.2.2
2.1.3 Sistem Kontrol ....................................................................................
2.1.3.1 Otomatis ...............................................................................
2.1.3.2 Manual..................................................................................
Tinjauan Bangunan Sports Center ................................................................
2.2.1 Bangunan Sports Center ....................................................................
2.2.1.1 Ukuran Lapangan .................................................................
2.2.1.2 Garis Pandang......................................................................
2.2.1.3 Tempat Duduk Penonton (Audience) ...................................
a. Wilayah Tempat Duduk.....................................................
b. Wilayah Tempat Berdiri.....................................................
c. Tamu Kehormatan (Tribun Kehormatan) ..........................
2.2.2 Tinjauan Studi Kasus..........................................................................
2.2.2.1 Stadion Maguwoharjo...........................................................
a. Entrance ...........................................................................
b. Sirkulasi ............................................................................
c. Ruang Pengelola ..............................................................
d. Tribun Penonton ...............................................................
e. Arena Pertandingan..........................................................
2.2.2.2 GOR UII................................................................................
a. Entrance ...........................................................................
b. Sirkulasi ............................................................................
c. Ruang Pengelola ..............................................................
d. Tempat Duduk Penonton ..................................................
e. Arena Pertandingan..........................................................
2.2.3 Tinjauan Jenis Kegiatan Olahraga......................................................
2.2.3.1 Sepakbola.............................................................................
a. Ukuran Lapangan Sepakbola ...........................................
b. Jumlah Pemain.................................................................
c. Ukuran Bola ......................................................................
d. Ukuran Gawang................................................................
e. Peraturan Permainan........................................................
f. Perlengkapan....................................................................

04512037 M. NIZA YURISTIAWAN K.

25
25
25
25
26
26
26
26
27
27
27
30
31
31
31
32
32
32
33
33
34
34
35
35
36
36
36
37
37
38
38
38
38
39
39
39
40

vii

sports center
2.2.3.2 Bola Basket ..........................................................................
a. Ukuran Lapangan Bola Basket .........................................
b. Jumlah Pemain .................................................................
c. Ukuran Bola ......................................................................
d. Ukuran Papan dan Ring Basket .......................................
e. Peraturan Permainan........................................................
f. Perlengkapan....................................................................
2.2.3.3 Bola Volley ............................................................................
a. Ukuran Lapangan Bola Volley...........................................
b. Jumlah Pemain .................................................................
c. Ukuran Bola ......................................................................
d. Peraturan Permainan........................................................
e. Perlengkapan....................................................................
Tinjauan Karya Arsitektur................................................................................
2.3.1 National Stadium (Brids Nest)............................................................
2.3.1.1 Penampilan Bangunan..........................................................
2.3.1.2 Struktur Bangunan................................................................
2.3.1.3 Sistem Inovasi Teknologi ......................................................
a. Sistem Tanah Rumput Lapangan......................................
b. Atap Bangunan .................................................................
c. Sistem Solar Panel............................................................
2.3.1.4 Kebutuhan Ruang.................................................................
2.3.2 National Aquatics Center.....................................................................
2.3.2.1 Penampilan Bangunan..........................................................
2.3.2.2 Struktur Bangunan................................................................
2.3.2.3 Sistem Inovasi Teknologi ......................................................

40
41
41
41
42
42
44
44
44
45
45
46
46
46
46
47
47
48
48
48
49
49
50
50
51
51

BAB III ANALISIS DAN PEMBAHASAN

3.1
Analisa Citra Bangunan.................................................................................
3.1.1 Analisa Penampilan Bangunan...........................................................
3.1.1.1 Analisa Orientasi Bangunan .................................................
a. Posisi Bangunan...............................................................
b. View Bangunan.................................................................
3.1.1.2 Analisa Selubung Bangunan.................................................
a. Lingkungan .......................................................................
b. Struktural...........................................................................
c. Konstruksi .........................................................................

52
52
52
53
53
54
54
54
55

2.3

04512037 M. NIZA YURISTIAWAN K.

viii

sports center
3.1.1.3 Analisa Karakter Bangunan ..................................................
3.1.2 Analisa Bentuk Bangunan...................................................................
3.1.2.1 Analisa Wujud Bangunan .....................................................
a. Dimensi.............................................................................
b. Proporsi.............................................................................
3.1.2.2 Analisa Fasad Bangunan......................................................
a. Bahan Bangunan ..............................................................
b. Warna ...............................................................................
c. Tekstur...............................................................................
3.1.2.3 Analisa Fungsi Bangunan.....................................................
a. Pemakai............................................................................
b. Kegiatan............................................................................
c. Kebutuhan Ruang .............................................................
Analisa Ruang Luar .......................................................................................
3.2.1 Tapak ..................................................................................................
a. Vegetasi ..........................................................................................
b. Perkerasan .....................................................................................
c. Sculpture.........................................................................................
3.2.2 Zoning.................................................................................................
3.2.3 Sirkulasi ..............................................................................................

55
56
56
56
56
57
57
57
57
58
58
58
59
61
61
61
62
62
63
63

BAB IV KONSEP PERANCANGAN

4.1
Konsep Penampilan Bangunan .....................................................................
4.2
Konsep Bentuk Bangunan.............................................................................
4.3
Konsep Tata Ruang Luar ...............................................................................
4.4
Konsep Sirkulasi............................................................................................
4.5
Konsep Tapak ................................................................................................
4.6
Konsep Struktur.............................................................................................

64
65
66
67
68
69

BAB V SKEMATIK DESAIN

5.1
Penjelasan Konsep Tata Ruang Luar ............................................................
5.2
Penjelasan Konsep Sirkulasi .........................................................................
5.3
Penjelasan Konsep Bentuk Stadion ..............................................................
5.4
Potongan Skematik Bangunan ......................................................................
5.5
Tampak Skematik Bangunan.........................................................................
5.6
Penjelasan Sistem Struktur Bangunan..........................................................
5.7
Penjelasan Sistem Struktur Atap ...................................................................

70
71
72
73
74
75
76

3.2

04512037 M. NIZA YURISTIAWAN K.

ix

sports center
5.8
5.9

Penjelasan Sistem Konstruksi Bangunan...................................................... 78

Penjelasan Konsep Bentuk Sports Hall......................................................... 79

BAB VI LAPORAN PERANCANGAN

6.1
Situasi.............................................................................................................
6.2
Siteplan..........................................................................................................
6.3
Tampak Kawasan ..........................................................................................
6.4
Potongan Kawasan .......................................................................................
6.5
Denah Stadion...............................................................................................
6.5.1 Denah Basement Stadion...................................................................
6.5.2 Denah Lantai 1 Stadion.......................................................................
6.5.3 Denah Lantai 2 Stadion ......................................................................
6.5.4 Denah Lantai 3 Stadion ......................................................................
6.6
Tampak Unit Stadion......................................................................................
6.7
Potongan Unit Stadion...................................................................................
6.8
Denah GOR...................................................................................................
6.8.1 Denah GOR Lantai 1 ..........................................................................
6.8.2 Denah GOR Lantai 2 ..........................................................................
6.8.3 Denah GOR Lantai 3 ..........................................................................
6.9
Tampak Unit GOR .........................................................................................
6.10 Potongan Unit GOR ......................................................................................
6.11 Rencana dan Detail Pondasi .........................................................................
6.11.1 Rencana dan Detail Pondasi Unit Stadion .........................................
6.11.2 Rencana dan Detail Pondasi Unit GOR .............................................
6.12 Rencana dan Detail Kolom Balok .................................................................
6.12.1 Rencana dan Detail Kolom Balok Unit Stadion ..................................
6.12.2 Rencana dan Detail Kolom Balok Unit GOR ......................................
6.13 Rencana dan Detail Atap...............................................................................
6.13.1 Rencana dan Detail Atap Unit Stadion ...............................................
6.13.2 Rencana dan Detail Atap Unit GOR ...................................................
6.14 Rencana dan Detail Drainase .......................................................................
6.15 Gambar Prespektif dan 3 Dimensi ................................................................
6.15.1 Eksterior..............................................................................................
6.15.2 Interior.................................................................................................

80
80
81
82
82
82
83
84
84
85
85
86
86
86
87
87
88
88
88
89
89
89
90
90
90
91
91
92
92
93

Lampiran Gambar Kerja ...........................................................................................

Lampiran Gambar Prespektif dan 3D Animasi .........................................................
Lampiran Gambar Studi Maket ................................................................................
Daftar Pustaka..........................................................................................................

95
96
97
98

04512037 M. NIZA YURISTIAWAN K.

sports center
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1
Gambar 1.2
Gambar 1.3
Gambar 1.4
Gambar 1.5
Gambar 2.1

- Peta Kabupaten Sumenep ...............................................................

- Cardinal Stadium Arizona ...............................................................
- Automatic Range of Stadium Seats .................................................
- Foto Udara Site untuk Bangunan Sport Center ...............................
- Gambar denah lokasi site ................................................................
- Citra High-Tech pada bangunan Beijing Institute of Technology
Gymnasium ......................................................................................
Gambar 2.2 - Fasad bangunan memainkan peran penting didalam penampilan
bangunan Shenyang Olympic Stadium ..........................................
Gambar 2.3 - Sistem pemasangan kaca pada selubung bangunan Beijing
Shooting Range Hall ........................................................................
Gambar 2.4 - Gambar wujud dari bentuk geometri ................................................
Gambar 2.5 - Gambar perbandingan ukuran bentuk geometri ..............................
Gambar 2.6 - Gambar proporsi bentuk dengan bentuk disekelilingnya .................
Gambar 2.7 - Gambar facade kaca pintar sebagai inovasi bangunan ...................
Gambar 2.8 - Merah, kuning dan biru merupakan warna dasar.............................
Gambar 2.9 - Gambar berbagai macam tekstur yang ada pada bangunan...........
Gambar 2.10 - Sumbu garis pandang penonton ke arena olahraga ........................
Gambar 2.11 - Sudut pandang penonton secara horizontal.....................................
Gambar 2.12 - Ketinggian antar lantai tempat duduk penonton...............................
Gambar 2.13 - Posisi tempat duduk dengan tempat berdiri / sirkulasi penonton.....
Gambar 2.14 - Tribun penonton pada bangunan Sports Center ..............................
Gambar 2.15 - Stadion Maguwoharjo Sleman .........................................................
Gambar 2.16 - Ramp memutar untuk pintu masuk penonton ..................................
Gambar 2.17 - Sirkulasi untuk pengelola dan panitia pertandingan.........................
Gambar 2.18 - Ruang Pengelola Stadion ................................................................
Gambar 2.19 - Tribun Penonton Stadion..................................................................
Gambar 2.20 - Lapangan Sepakbola Stadion Maguwoharjo ...................................
Gambar 2.21 - GOR UII............................................................................................
Gambar 2.22 - Entrance GOR UII ............................................................................
Gambar 2.23 - Selasar GOR UII ..............................................................................
Gambar 2.24 - Tempat Pengelola GOR UII..............................................................
Gambar 2.25 - Suasana Tribun Penonton UII ..........................................................
Gambar 2.26 - Pertandingan Proliga Bola Volley di GOR UII ..................................
Gambar 2.27 - Ukuran Lapangan Sepakbola ..........................................................

04512037 M. NIZA YURISTIAWAN K.

2
7
8
9
10
16
17
18
21
21
21
22
23
24
30
30
31
32
32
33
33
34
34
34
35
35
36
36
37
37
37
38

xi

sports center
Gambar 2.28 - Bentuk bola untuk sepakbola ...........................................................
Gambar 2.29 - Bentuk gawang untuk sepakbola .....................................................
Gambar 2.30 - Perlengkapan tim sepakbola............................................................
Gambar 2.31 - Ukuran lapangan bola basket ..........................................................
Gambar 2.32 - Bentuk bola untuk bola basket .........................................................
Gambar 2.33 - Bentuk papan ring bola basket ........................................................
Gambar 2.34 - Perlengkapan tim bola basket..........................................................
Gambar 2.35 - Ukuran lapangan untuk bola volley ..................................................
Gambar 2.36 - Bentuk bola untuk bola volley...........................................................
Gambar 2.37 - Perlengkapan tim bola volley............................................................
Gambar 2.38 - National Stadium (Brids Nest) .........................................................
Gambar 2.39 - National Stadium menjadi centerpiece dari Olimpiade Beijing ........
Gambar 2.40 - Struktur baja dirangkai membentuk sarang burung .........................
Gambar 2.41 - Sistem penanaman tanah rumput lapangan ....................................
Gambar 2.42 - Atap bangunan National Stadium ....................................................
Gambar 2.43 - Sistem solar panel pada bangunan National Stadium .....................
Gambar 2.44 - Tangga dari rangka struktur bangunan sebagai transportasi antar
lantai ................................................................................................
Gambar 2.45 - National Aquatics Center (Water Cube) ...........................................
Gambar 2.46 - Penampilan bangunan Water Cube .................................................
Gambar 2.47 - Struktur bangunan berupa selaput udara.........................................
Gambar 3.1 - Sketsa tampilan bangunan sports center, tribun penonton dan
detail strukturnya .............................................................................
Gambar 3.2 - Gambar analisa orientasi bangunan ................................................
Gambar 3.3 - Gambar kondisi lingkungan sekitar site ...........................................
Gambar 3.4 - Sketsa sistem struktur dan konstruksi untuk tribun penonton..........
Gambar 3.5 - Sketsa bangunan sports center yang berkarakter high-tech............
Gambar 3.6 - Sketsa bangunan sports center dari segi proporsi dan dimensi ......
Gambar 3.7 - Sketsa fasad bangunan dengan pemakaian elemen kaca ..............
Gambar 3.8 - Vegetasi sebagai elemen pelembut masa bangunan ......................
Gambar 3.9 - Vegetasi sebagai peneduh dan pemisah area parkir .......................
Gambar 3.10 - Vegetasi sebagai penghalang view buruk........................................
Gambar 3.11 - Vegetasi sebagai penyaring polusi udara dan suara .......................
Gambar 3.12 - Jenis perkerasan dan fungsinya ......................................................
Gambar 3.13 - Zoning Siteplan ................................................................................
Gambar 3.14 - Sirkulasi diluar dan didalam siteplan................................................
Gambar 4.1 - Konsep penampilan bangunan ........................................................

04512037 M. NIZA YURISTIAWAN K.

39
39
40
41
41
42
44
45
45
46
47
47
48
48
49
49
50
50
51
51
52
53
54
55
56
56
57
61
61
61
62
62
63
63
64

xii

sports center
Gambar 4.2 - Konsep tampak kawasan bangunan ................................................
Gambar 4.3 - Konsep bentuk stadion ....................................................................
Gambar 4.4 - Konsep bentuk gelanggang olahraga ..............................................
Gambar 4.5 - Konsep tata ruang luar.....................................................................
Gambar 4.6 - Konsep tapak bangunan ..................................................................
Gambar 4.7 - Konsep sirkulasi ruang luar..............................................................
Gambar 4.8 - Konsep pengelolaan tapak .............................................................
Gambar 4.9 - Konsep struktur bangunan ...............................................................
Gambar 6.1 - Gambar situasi Sports Center .........................................................
Gambar 6.2 - Gambar Sitepaln Sports Center ......................................................
Gambar 6.3 - Gambar tampak kawasan Sports Center .........................................
Gambar 6.4 - Gambar potongan kawasan Sports Center......................................
Gambar 6.5 - Gambar denah basement stadion....................................................
Gambar 6.6 - Gambar denah lantai 1 stadion ........................................................
Gambar 6.7 - Gambar denah lantai 2 stadion ........................................................
Gambar 6.8 - Gambar denah lantai 3 stadion ........................................................
Gambar 6.9 - Gambar tampak unit stadion ............................................................
Gambar 6.10 - Gambar potongan unit stadion.........................................................
Gambar 6.11 - Gambar denah lantai 1 unit GOR.....................................................
Gambar 6.12 - Gambar denah lantai 2 unit GOR.....................................................
Gambar 6.13 - Gambar denah lantai 3 unit GOR.....................................................
Gambar 6.14 - Gambar tampak unit GOR ...............................................................
Gambar 6.15 - Gambar potongan unit GOR ............................................................
Gambar 6.16 - Gambar rencana dan detail pondasi unit stadion.............................
Gambar 6.17 - Gambar rencana dan detail pondasi unit GOR ................................
Gambar 6.18 - Gambar rencana dan detail kolom balok unit stadion ......................
Gambar 6.19 - Gambar rencana dan detail kolom balok unit GOR .........................
Gambar 6.20 - Gambar rencana dan detail atap unit stadion ..................................
Gambar 6.21 - Gambar rencana dan detail atap unit GOR......................................
Gambar 6.22 - Gambar rencana dan detail drainase...............................................
Gambar 6.23 - Gambar prespektif bangunan stadion ..............................................
Gambar 6.24 - Gambar prespektif bangunan GOR .................................................
Gambar 6.25 - Gambar prespektif lansekap Sports Center .....................................
Gambar 6.26 - Gambar prespektif interior ruang fitnes............................................
Gambar 6.27 - Gambar prespektif interior ruang interview ......................................
Gambar 6.28 - Gambar prespektif interior ruang tunggu .........................................
Gambar 6.29 - Gambar prespektif interior lapangan basket ....................................

04512037 M. NIZA YURISTIAWAN K.

64
65
65
66
66
67
68
69
80
81
81
82
83
83
84
84
85
85
86
86
87
87
88
88
89
89
90
90
91
91
92
92
93
93
93
94
94

xiii