Oleh :
Ratna Setia Wati 11 2014 115
Alice Pratiwi 11 2014 130
Laurensius Raven K 11 2014 226
Hubungan antara Asupan Sayuran Tinggi Serat dan Faktor Lainnya dengan Kejadian
Hipertensi pada Pasien Puskesmas Tanjung Duren Selatan Usia 25 65 Tahun
Periode Februari 2016
Lembar Persetujuan
Disetujui Maret 2016
Pembimbing
Penguji 1
Penguji 2
ii
itu kami mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun sehingga di masa mendatang dapat
ditingkatkan lebih baik lagi.
Jakarta, Februari 2016
Penyusun
Hubungan antara Asupan Sayuran Tinggi Serat dan Faktor Lainnya dengan Kejadian
Hipertensi pada Pasien Puskesmas Tanjung Duren Selatan
Usia 25-65 Tahun Periode Februari 2016
iii
Correlation between High Fiber Vegetables Intake and Other Factors Related to
Hypertension Between 25 to 65 Years Old Patients in Puskesmas Tanjung Duren
Selatan
February 2016
iv
Abstract
One of the main cause of cardiovascular disease is hypertension or increased blood pressure.
Hypertension has affected 1 billion people in the world, that caused heart attack and stroke. Based on
RISKESDAS 2013, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is 26.5%. This study aims to see if
there is any correlation between high fiber intake and other factors related to hypertension between
25 to 65 years old patients in Puskesmas Tanjung Duren Selatan, February 2016. Other factors that
we studied are age, body mass index, smoking habit, physical activity, and family history related to
hypertension. This study used observational study with cross-sectional approached. The technique
used in this study is non probability sampling method using consecutive sampling. The instruments
used in this study are questionnaire, sphygmomanometer, weight scale, and microtoise. The analysis
used are Pearson Chi-Square Test and Fisher Exact Test with significance level of 5 % and
confidence level of 95% using SPSS v.16. Statistical analysis showed significant relationship between
age and hypertension (p=0.000).
Key words : Hypertension, food intake, vegetables, high fiber, age 25-65 years
Daftar Isi
Halaman Judul...............................................................................................i
Lembar Persetujuan.......................................................................................ii
Kata Pengantar...............................................................................................iii
Abstrak...........................................................................................................iv
Daftar Isi........................................................................................................vi
v
Daftar Tabel....................................................................................................ix
Bab I. Pendahuluan........................................................................................1
1.1. Latar Belakang........................................................................................1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah...................................................................................2
1.3. Hipotesis.................................................................................................3
1.4.Tujuan Penelitian.....................................................................................3
1.4.1.Tujuan Umum................................................................................3
1.4.2. Tujuan Khusus..............................................................................3
1.5. Manfaat Penelitian..................................................................................3
1.5.1.Manfaat bagi Peneliti.....................................................................4
1.5.2.Manfaat bagi Institusi Pendidikan.................................................3
1.5.4. Manfaat bagi Masyarakat.............................................................4
Bab. II Tinjauan Pustaka................................................................................5
2.1. Definisi Hipertensi..................................................................................5
2.2. Klasifikasi Hipertensi..............................................................................5
2.3. Diagnosis Hipertensi...............................................................................7
2.4. Serat........................................................................................................7
2.5. Faktor Risiko Hipertensi.........................................................................12
2.5.1 Usia................................................................................................12
2.5.2 Jenis Kelamin.................................................................................13
2.5.3 Riwayat Keluarga..........................................................................13
2.5.4 Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT)...........................................................14
2.5.5 Rokok.............................................................................................15
2.5.6 Aktivitas Fisik................................................................................15
2.5.7 Natrium..........................................................................................16
2.5.8 Kalium...........................................................................................18
2.5.9 Serat...............................................................................................18
2.5.10 Konsumsi Alkohol.......................................................................19
2.5.11 Lemak..........................................................................................19
2.5.12 Penyakit Lain...............................................................................20
2.5.12.1 Diabetes Melitus & Dislipidemia..................................20
2.5.12.2 Penyakit Ginjal..............................................................20
2.6 Pengukuran Tekanan Darah.....................................................................21
2.7 Kerangka Teori.........................................................................................23
2.8 Kerangka Konsep.....................................................................................24
Bab III Metodologi Penelitian.......................................................................25
3.1.Desain Penelitian.....................................................................................25
3.2.Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian..................................................................25
3.3. Populasi...................................................................................................25
3.3.1.Populasi Target..............................................................................25
3.3.2.Populasi Terjangkau......................................................................25
3.4.Kriteria Inklusi dan Eksklusi...................................................................25
3.4.1 Kriteria Inklusi................................................................................25
3.4.2 Kriteria Eksklusi.............................................................................25
3.5. Sampel.....................................................................................................25
3.5.1.Besar Sampel.................................................................................25
3.5.2.Teknik Pengambilan Sampel.........................................................26
3.6.Variabel....................................................................................................27
vi
vii
Daftar Tabel
Tabel 2.1. Klasifikasi tekanan darah menurut JNC 7 ...................................7
Tabel 2.2. Jenis serat, sumber, dan manfaatnya ...........................................8
Tabel 2.3. Kandungan makanan tinggi serat per 100 gram makanan...........11
Tabel 2.4. Kandungan makanan rendah serat per 100 gram makanan..........11
Tabel 4.1. Analisis Univariat dari sebaran hipertensi
pada pasien puskesmas Tanjung Duren Selatan
usia 25-65 tahun periode Februari 2016.....................................34
Tabel 4.2. Analisis Univariat dari asupan makanan tinggi serat dan
berbagai faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi
pada pasien puskesmas Tanjung Duren Selatan
usia 25-65 tahun periode Februari 2016.....................................34
Tabel 4.3. Analisis bivariat dari asupan makanan tinggi serat dan
faktor lainnya dengan kejadian hipertensi pada pasien
viii
ix