SEJARAH BOLA JARING DUNIA

PENGENALAN SEJARAH DAN PERKEMBANGAN BOLA JARING - DUNIA - ASIA - MALAYSIA SEJARAH BOLA JARING DUNIA 1891 Dr. James Naismith - berbangsa Kanada mencipta sukan dalaman untuk penuntut Bahagian Latihan Fizikal, Kolej Springfield, Massachusetts, Amerika Syarikat. Bola Jaring (asalnya dikenali sebagai bola bakul / basket ball) dibawa ke England oleh Dr. Tales dalam tahun 1895. 1987 Dimainkan atas rumput 1926 Penubuhan Persatuan Bola Jaring England (AENA) 1957 Mesyuarat persetujuan mengenai undang - undang di London. 1960 Persekutuan Antarabangsa ditubuhkan di Ceylon (Sri Lanka)

KEJOHANAN DUNIA KEJOHANAN TAHUN Pertama Ke-2 Ke-3 Ke-4 1963 1967 1971 1975 TUAN RUMAH England Australia Jamaica N. Zealand JOHAN Australia N. Zealand Australia Australia

Ke-5

1979

Trinidad Tobago

Australia, N. Zealand, Trinidad & Tobago

Ke-6 Ke-7 Ke-8 Ke-9 Ke-10 Ke-11 Ke-12 Ke-13

1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011

Singapura Scotland Australia England N. Zealand Jamaica N. Zealand Singapura

Australia N. Zealand Australia Australia Australia N.Zealand Australia ?

KEJOHANAN BOLA JARING REMAJA DUNIA KEJOHANAN Pertama Ke-2 Ke-3 Ke-4 Ke-5 Ke-6 TAHUN TUAN RUMAH 1988 1992 1996 2000 2005 2009 Australia Fiji Kanada Wales USA Cook Islands JOHAN Australia N. Zealand Australia Australia N. Zealand Australia

SUKAN KOMANWEL 1990 - Dimasukkan sebagai sukan demontrasi di Auckland, New Zealand. 1998 - Kali pertama di Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2002 - Kali kedua di Manchester, England. 2006 - Kali ketiga di Sydney, Australia. 2010 - Kali keempat di New Delhi, India. SEJARAH BOLA JARING ASIA 1985 Persekutuan Persatuan Bola Jaring Asia (AFNA) ditubuhkan AHLI GABUNGAN Malaysia Singapura India

Sri Lanka Pakistan Japan

Hong Kong Maldives Brunei

Australia Thailand China Taipei

KEJOHANAN BOLA JARING ASIA KEJOHANAN Pertama Ke-2 Ke-3 Ke-4 Ke-5 Ke-6 Ke-7 TAHUN 1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 2009 TUAN RUMAH Malaysia India Hong Kong Singapura Sri Lanka Singapura Malaysia JOHAN Malaysia Sri Lanka Hong Kong Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Singapura Sri Lanka

KEJOHANAN REMAJA ASIA KEJOHANAN TAHUN TUAN RUMAH Pertama Ke-2 1994 1998 Hong Kong India JOHAN Sri Lanka Sri Lanka

Ke-3 Ke-4 Ke-5 Ke-6 Ke-7

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Malaysia Sri Lanka India Hong Kong India

Sri Lanka MALAYSIA MALAYSIA MALAYSIA MALAYSIA

SEJARAH BOLA JARING MALAYSIA 21 Mac 1978 Penubuhan Persatuan Bola Jaring Malaysia (PBJM) oleh Almarhumah Ke Bawah DYMM Tengku Ampuan Pahang. Ahli Gabungan PBJM 14 buah negeri 3 ahli bukan negeri PDRM, ATM, TNB

KEAHLIAN PBJM DIPINDA PADA TAHUN 2004 PBJM AHLI GABUNGAN 14 BUAH AHLI BERSEKUTU PDRM NEGERI & ATM

Jawatankuasa Penaja Yang diPertua Naib Yang diPertua Cik Hjh. Norminshah Sabirin Puan Mary Ghouse

Setiausaha Bendahari

Cik Chung Tsu Tuan Puan Hjh. Ainon Hj. Kuntum Cik Audrey Fernando Cik Hardave Kaur

Ahli Jawatankuasa Puan The Gin Soon Cik Jenny Ong

Struktur Organisasi PBJM 2010 - 2011 Presiden Timbalan Presiden Naib Presiden Naib Presiden Setiausaha Kehormat Pen. Setiausaha Bendahari Kehormat Pen. Bendahari YB. Suraya Yaacob Cik Hjh. Mazidah Hj. Musa YB. Senator Datuk Hjh. Wan Hazani Y.Bhg. Datin Sri Dato Shamsiah Puan Zainon Md. Noh Cik Norpisah Ibrahim Puan Hjh. Zaiton Ab. Ghani Puan Hjh. Hamidah Hj. Ismail Puan Marshita Din Puan Zainab Mat Zain Ahli Jawatankuasa Biasa Y. Bhg. Datin Rosni Hj. Zahari Puan Santhana Mary a/p Savarimuthu Puan Remah Ahmad Puan Hjh. Rosnah Darus Ahli Jawatankuasa Dilantik Puan Hjh. Amnah Noran Puan Hjh. Norazizah Hj. Mukijan

Majlis Sukan Negara Malaysia Ex-officio Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia

AKTIVITI PBJM 1979 1995 1996 kini 1981 1985 1984 kini 1993, 1994 dan 2002 1995 Kejohanan Bola Jaring dimulakan khas bagi Ahli Gabungan dan dikelola secara bergilir-gilir PBJM mengambil alih pengelolaan Kejohanan PBJM mengambil alih pengelolaan Kejohanan Kejohanan Bola Jaring Remaja Kebangsaan Kejohanan Bola Jaring Terbuka Kebangsaan khas untuk Kelab-Kelab Kejohanan Bola Jaring Liga Kebangsaan diperkenalkan

SUKAN ARAFURA Sukan ini diadakan 2 tahun sekali dan Malaysia telah menyertai sukan ini pada tahun 1997, 1999, 2001 dan 2007.

SIRI MALAYSIA - SINGAPURA Bermula pada tahun 1994 iaitu program usahasama dua hala antara Malaysia dan Singapura dan pengelolaannya secara bergilir-gilir.

PENGLIBATAN PBJM DI PERINGKAT ANTARABANGSA Tahun 1983 1985 1987 1988 1990 1991 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 1998 1998 1999 2000 2002 2004 2005 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2009 Kejohanan KBJ Dunia Ke - 6 KBJ Asia Pertama KBJ Dunia Ke - 7 KBJ Remaja Dunia Pertama KBJ Asia Ke - 2 KBJ Dunia Ke - 8 KBJ Asia Ke - 3 KBJ Remaja Asia Pertama KBJ Dunia Ke - 9 KBJ Remaja Dunia Ke - 3 KBJ Asia Ke - 4 Sukan Komanwel Ke -16 KBJ Remaja Asia Ke - 2 KBJ Dunia Ke - 10 KBJ Remaja Dunia Ke - 4 KBJ Remaja Asia Ke - 3 KBJ Remaja Asia Ke - 4 KBJ Remaja Dunia Ke - 5 KBJ Asia Ke - 6 KBJ Remaja Asia Ke - 5 KBJ Dunia Ke - 12 KBJ Remaja Asia Ke - 6 KBJ Asia Ke - 7 KBJ Remaja Dunia Ke - 6 Pencapaian 11 / 14 Johan 17 8/9 Naib Johan 19 / 20 Ke - 4 Ke - 3 15 / 18 Naib Johan 16 Ke-3 19 / 26 8 / 12 Naib Johan Johan 14 / 20 Naib Johan Johan 16 / 16 Johan Ke - 3 15 / 20

Pengelolaan Peringkat Antarabangsa 1985 1998 2001 2002 2009 Kejohanan Bola Jaring Asia Pertama Sukan Komanwel Ke - 16 Sukan SEA Ke - 21 Kejohanan Bola Jaring Remaja Asia Ke - 3 Kejohanan Bola Jaring Asia Ke - 7

Lain-Lain Aktiviti PBJM (i) Program Pembangunan (ii) Pengelolaan Sukan di Malaysia (iii) Khidmat bantu
o

Atlet o Pegawai o Pengurusan Sukan Malaysia (SUKMA) o Hari Kebangsaan o Sukan Wanita 1. Pegawai Teknikal 2. Jurulatih 3. Pengadil 4. Lain - lain

VISI

PBJM selaku badan sukan wanita terunggul mampu memperkasakan sukan bola jaring di Malaysia dan sekaligus cemerlang di peingkat Asia.

MISI

Mempertingkatkan dan memantapkan mutu permainan bola jaring di Malaysia menerusi program pembangunan untuk atlet dan kepegawaian selaras dengan slogan BOLA JARING MEMBINA GENERASI CEMERLANG

PERMAINAN BOLA JARING 1. MATLAMAT Johan Peringkat Kebangsaan (MSSM) bawah 12 tahun 2002. 1.1 Objektif Jangka Pendek Tahun 2000 : Johan Daerah Tahun 2001 : Johan Negeri Tahun 2002 : Johan Kebangsaan 1.2 Tindakan Semasa Menubuhkan Jawatan Kuasa Melantik Pengurus/Jurulatih Pemilihan Pemain (Murid Tahun 4)

2. SUMBER Kursus Kejurulatihan Jangka Pendek Sumbangan jurulatih luar Khidmat nasihat pemakanan (Kementerian Kesihatan)

2.1 Kemudahan Padang/Dewan Bola/Jaring Bit/Kasut Peti Kecemasan Lain-lain kelengkapan

2.2 Corak Pengendalian Menyusun jadual latihan Menyediakan jadual guru bertugas

3. PELAKSANAAN DAN PEMANTAUAN 3.1 Kenalpasti pencapaian semasa Telah menguasai kemahiran asas dalam permainan bola jaring Memenangi 2 dari 3 perlawanan persahabatan yang diadakan

3.2 Halangan/cabaran semasa Padang sekolah sebagai padang awam Kehadiran selalu lewat Kurang sambutan ibu bapa

3.3 Pengagihan Kemudahan Mengatur jadual penggunaan padang

Pengangkutan disediakan Mengadakan perjumpaan dengan ibu bapa terlibat

4. HASILAN Pada tahun 2000 telah mencapai Johan Peringkat Daerah Keputusan : Tercapai objektif latihan yang disusun dan akan diteruskan mengikut jadual asal.

PELAN MATRIKS BERTINDAK (BOLA JARING)

Bil

Perkara

Huraian

Tanggun gjawab Guru PJK

Jangk a Masa 1 bulan

Tarikh Siap Februa ri

Indika tor Cekap menan gkap bola Menjar ing sponta n

Membaling dan menangkap bola

Balingan dari atas, bawah & sisi Menjarin g dari pelbagai sudut berhalan gan Memasti kan kaki yang mendara t Hantaran Zig-zag

Ketepatan Menjaring

Penjaring

1 bulan

Mac

Latihan Gerak Kaki

Semua Pemain

1 bulan

April

Menda rat secara betul Mahir

Strategi Menyerang

Semua Pemain

1 bulan

Mei

Strategi Bertahan

Mengaw al pihak lawan

GD GK

1 bulan

Jun

Sukar dibolos i

Tips

GAME KNOWLEDGE
Know What's Going On The Score, Fouls Study Your Opponent Right Handed or Left Handed Do They Like to Drive Type of Defense They are In Who is Hot Offensive Plays

DRIBBLING
Push Ball With Fingers Head Up Lower Dribble When Closely Guarded Body Between Defender and Ball Use Both Hands Elbow Close to Body

SHOOTING
Lay - Ups They are not easy Off The Back Board Concentrate Jump off the Left Foot for a Right Handed lay-up, Vice Versa Jump Shot, (One Handed) Elbow In Release Ball Up - Not Out Wrist - Finger Flip with fore finger being last to touch the ball Eyes on the Spot over the Front of the Rim

Be ready to rebound and Thank the passer when you score.

PASSING
Eye Contact Crisp Two Handed Pass Pass to Target - Outside shoulder Step to Receive

REBOUNDING
Block-Out (Between Man & Basket) Flex Knees Eye On Ball Timing Long Rebounds on 3 Point Attempts Remember the shooter will know best on where rebound will be. .

OFFENSE
Eye On the Ball Don't Force Shots or Passes Shoot if Open Put Offensive Rebound Back Up Get Back Fast on Turnovers

DEFENSE
Eye on the Ball Between Man and Basket Never Rest on Defense Hands Up Watch the Hips Slide, Don't Cross Legs Be Aggressive, Go For Steals

ZONE DEFENSE

HALF COURT PRESS

Zone Defense Movement Move Toward the Ball Stay In Your Zone (Circle) Hands Up

Guards Double Team player with the Ball once he has crossed the half court line. Center & Forwards Look to Intercept Passes.

10 Basketball Tips Guaranteed To Get You More Playing Time

1. Ask the coach what you can do to help the team. This is probably one of the most important things you can do, because it shows you are committed to do whatever it takes to help the team succeed. If you put the team in front of your personal goals, you will be a player that all coaches and teammates love to have. At the end of the season, remember to ask the coach what you need to work on during the off-season to contribute to the team the following year. 2. Play to your strengths. Not everybody can be the scorer, so do what you're good at. If you try to do things that you are not good at it, you'll find yourself on the bench. If you're great at rebounding and playing defense, do those things when you're on the court. Do what you can do, not what you can't do. Strengthen your strengths and work on your weaknesses in practice. Players have made millions of dollars playing according to this philosophy. Can you say Ben Wallace or Kyle Korver?

Picture by SD Dirk

3. Always hustle and work hard. Besides helping you improve, a coach will notice this and pick you above somebody else who may not work as hard. Don't be afraid to get your butt on the ground and dive after some loose balls. 4. Take charges. When you take a charge, it provides a defensive stop, gets your team the ball, and puts an additional foul on the opposing team. Not to mention, it can affect the other team psychologically because they will be hesitant to drive the ball in fear of picking up

another foul. 5. Play tough defense. If you can shut down opposing players, it doesn't matter if you can shoot or dribble. A coach will often find a reason to get you on the court. 6. Always box out. Nothing will get you to the bench quicker than not boxing out. Coaches understand the importance of rebounding. If you do it well, you'll rapidly increase your chances of playing. 7. Take good shots. A good shot is an open shot that you can make a high-percentage of and nobody else on your team has a better scoring opportunity. If you take bad shots, you'll be on the bench. 8. Make the extra pass. Coaches love it when you make the extra pass. You will also find yourself getting more passes from your teammates, because they recognize and appreciate your unselfishness. Basketball is so much fun when played unselfishly. You also win a lot more games, too. Don't be too unselfish. If you have a good shot, you can take it.

9. Sprint to the front of the huddle. Any time you get in a huddle, always sprint to the front and make eye contact with the coach while he is talking. The coach will notice this and know that you care. 10. Be a great teammate. If your teammates like you, they will be more likely to play better with you. A coach may notice the chemistry and get you in the game. Why do you think teammates of Kevin Garnett play better?

Picture by Paul Keleher

Basketball Plays: The Art of Running Set Plays and Scoring More Points
It seems that almost everyone loves to draw up set plays and come up with new ways to get easy buckets for their team. It's not surprising because there's nothing more exciting than drawing up a special play to get a basket when you really need it! Imagine for a moment... Your team is down by one. There's 8 seconds left in the game. You draw up a special play during time a out. Your players execute to perfection... And your team makes a wide open lay up right as the buzzer goes off and they win the game!!! Does it get any better than that? I think this is why so many people are intrigued by the set play and they're always trying to find new ones. It's a lot of fun! But before we get too far, let's define a set play so we're all on the same page...

What is a set play? A set play is a strategically planned and choreographed sequence of movements to get open shots and score points. Generally speaking the sequence is run through just one time. Set plays are quick hitters to score points at a certain point during the game. They should not be your entire offensive system.

When should you use set plays? A set play typically adds a twist to an offense. It gives you the opportunity to show the defense something different to keep them off balance. Plays can run into your motion offense, or you

could choose to run a play after running your offense for a certain amount of time. Set plays are most commonly run out of the following special situations:

after time outs at the beginning of games (right after the tip off) at end of games when you really need a basket when your offense is stagnant after your secondary break

How do you choose the right set plays for your team? To choose the right set plays, you need to consider the following:

Your offensive set. It's best to choose set plays that have the same formation as your offensive set. So for example, if you run your primary offense from a box set, it's best to choose plays that have a similar box formation. This way the defense doesn't get a cue to what's coming. Your personnel. This is important. If you have a phenomenal post player that is great at scoring inside, then you'll want to choose lots of plays that will get them open inside. If your post game is poor but you have great shooters and ball handlers, then choose plays that spread things out and keep the defense off balance. You'll need to carefully consider your players strengths and weaknesses when choosing your set plays. Your coaching preferences and philosophy. Not much needs to be said about this because it happens naturally. But this is a consideration. Are you a conservative coach that likes to slow things down and execute in the half court? Do you want to run and gun? Do you want to shoot lots of three pointers? All this will reflect the plays that you choose. Will you run the same plays and set offense every year? Or will you find new ones each year? This could obviously eliminate the plays you ran last year. What are your plays designed to do? Most coaches have a dozen or so plays in their back pocket to deal with various situations. So the first thing you should is do make a list of the various situations you want to be prepared for. To give you an idea, you might want a couple plays to get post players open, a couple plays when you need a basket during the game, a couple plays for end of game situations, and a couple plays for the end of periods. But keep in mind, it's better to just have a few good plays, that your players become really good at, rather than overloading your team with too many options

History of Basketball

Basketball was invented in December 1891 by the Canadian clergyman, educator, and physician James Naismith. Naismith introduced the game when we was an instructor at the Young Men's Christian Association Training School (now Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts. At the request of his superior, Dr. Luther H. Gulick, he organized a vigorous recreation suitable for indoor winter play. The game involved elements of American football, soccer, and hockey, and the first ball used was a soccer ball. Teams had nine players, and the goals were wooden peach baskets affixed to the walls. By 18971898, teams of five became standard. The game rapidly spread nationwide and to Canada and other parts of the world, played by both women and men; it also became a popular informal outdoor game. U.S. servicemen in World War II (1939-1945) popularized the sport in many other countries.

A number of U.S. colleges adopted the game between about 1893 and 1895. In 1934 the first college games were staged in New York City's Madison Square Garden, and college basketball began to attract heightened interest. By the 1950s basketball had become a major college sport, thus paving the way for a growth of interest in professional basketball.

The first pro league, the National Basketball League, was formed in 1898 to protect players from exploitation and to promote a less rough game. This league only lasted five years before disbanding; its demise spawned a number of loosely organized leagues throughout the northeastern United States. One of the first and greatest pro teams was the Original Celtics, organized about 1915 in New York City. They played as many as 150 games a season and dominated basketball until 1936. The Harlem Globetrotters, founded in 1927, a notable exhibition team, specializes in amusing court antics and expert ball handling.

In 1949 two subsequent professional leagues, the National Basketball League (formed in 1937) and the Basketball Association of America (1946) merged to create the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Boston Celtics, led by their center Bill Russell, dominated the NBA from the late 1950s through the 1960s. By the 1960s, pro teams from coast to coast played before crowds of many millions annually. Wilt Chamberlain, a center for the Los Angeles Lakers, was another leading player during the era, and his battles with Russell were eagerly anticipated. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, also a center, came to prominence during the 1970s. Jabbar perfected his famed "sky hook" shot while playing for the Los Angeles Lakers and dominated the opposition.

The NBA suffered a drop in popularity during the late 1970s, but was resuscitated, principally through the growing popularity of its most prominent players. Larry Bird of the Boston Celtics, and Magic Johnson of the Los Angeles Lakers are credited with injecting excitement into the league in the 1980s through their superior skills and decade-long rivalry. During the late 1980s Michael Jordan of the Chicago Bulls rose to stardom and helped the Bulls dominate the NBA during the early 1990s. A new generation of basketball stars, including Shaquille O'Neal of the Orlando Magic and Larry Johnson of the Charlotte Hornets, have sustained the NBA's growth in popularity.

In 1959 a Basketball Hall of Fame was founded in Springfield, Massachusetts. Its rosters include the names of great players, coaches, referees, and people who have contributed significantly to the development of the game.

Rules of Basketball

Professional, college, and high school games are similar except in length and in range of basic skills. Professional games are 48 minutes long, divided into quarters; college games, 40 minutes, played in halves; and high school games, 32 minutes, broken into quarters. If a game is tied at the end of regulation time, an overtime (3 to 5 minutes, depending on the level of competition) is played. Although no set of dimensions for a basketball court is universally accepted, the recommended size is 94 ft (28.65 m) long and 50 ft (15.24 m) wide. Two points are given for a field goal, which is a shot that goes through the hoop--10 ft (3 m) high--while the ball is in play. The NBA instituted, beginning with the 1979-1980 season, the 3-point field goal, awarded to a player who scores from beyond a semicircle at a distance of an even 22 ft (6.7 m) all the way around the basket. The NCAA followed suit, beginning in 1986-87, with a 3-point semicircle that averages 19.75 ft (6 m) from the basket. One point is awarded for a free throw, or foul shot, which is attempted by a player who has been fouled, or impeded physically, by an opponent. Free throws are attempted, undefended, from a line drawn 15 ft (4.57 m) from the basket.

Basketball Court
This diagram shows the standard measurements for American high school, college, and professional basketball courts. The free throw lane and its adjoining circle form an important strategic area of the court, commonly referred to as the key. Major basketball competition usually takes place on hardwood floors in indoor gymnasiums or arenas.

Click to enlarge

On the offensive, a player may advance the ball by passing or even rolling it to a teammate or by dribbling, which is bouncing it along the floor with onehand taps. The defensive team can get the ball back by intercepting passes, blocking shots, or even by literally stealing it out of an opponent's hand, provided that no illegal body contact occurs. After a basket is made, the ball is awarded to the other team, which puts it back in play. If a field-goal attempt is missed and the ball remains in bounds, it is kept in play by the team that recovers (rebounds) it. When personal fouls are committed on a player who is not in the act of shooting the game is restarted with a throw-in by the non-offending team from out of bounds on the sideline nearest to the place of the foul.

Basketball Hand Signals

Hand signals, such as these, notify players and spectators of the officials decision regarding a foul, other violation, or stoppage of play.
Click to enlarge If there is a foul on a player in the act of shooting: If the goal is made, the points will count and one free throw will be awarded as well. If the shot for goal misses, two free throws will be awarded. If the missed shot for goal was a three-point shot, three free throws will be awarded. If you have committed five fouls, you cannot take any further part in the game. When your team has committed seven player fouls in a half, any fouls they commit will be penalised by the one and one rule. In this case, the player who fouled is given one free throw (unless they were in the act of shooting for goal, in which case the usual free throw rules apply). The one and one rule means that, if you make the first free throw, you are given a second shot. If you miss the first throw, you don't get another one and the game continues in the normal way.

Equipment
THE BALL The ball is round and the outer casing should be either leather, rubber or other suitable synthetic material. Its circumference should be between 75 and 78cm (29.5 and 30.25 in) and its weight between 600 and 650gm (20 and 22oz). It should be inflated to a pressure so that when it is dropped from a height of 1.8m (6ft) (measured from the floor to the bottom of the ball) on to the playing surface, it will rebound to a height of between 1.2 and 1.4m (4ft and 4ft 7in), (measured to the top of the ball). In addition to that equip-ment already mentioned, the home team is normally responsible for providing the following: a clock, time-out watch, device for dis-playing to players and spectators how much time is left on the 30-seconds rule (see Game Guide), an official score sheet, scoreboard visible to spectators and players, markers displaying the numbers 1 to 5 for use by the scorer to indicate how many fouls a player commits, and two team-foul markers which are red and placed on the scorers table to indicate a seventhplayer foul by a team. CLOTHING Players of each team should wear the same outfits which must not clash with the opposing team. Each player should wear a numbered shirt and no two players in the same team should wear the same number. Players are numbered between 4 and 15. Loose-fitting shorts for mobility, and sleeveless vests are the standard attire. Basketball shoes should be rubber-soled and with protected ankle supports, although these are not necessary. Most important of all, make sure your clothing is comfortable. It is important to wear towelled socks; and it is not a bad idea to buy a pair of shoes a little too big to enable you to wear two pairs of socks which will reduce the risk of blistering.

How it is played
The game of basketball is played with a round ball by two teams, each with five players usually two guards, two forwards and a centre (or in modern basketball lingo point guard, wings and post players). The referee starts the game by tossing the ball up (a jump ball) between the two opposing centre players, who stand facing each other at the centre circle of the playing arc. The player who wins the ball may then pass, throw, tap, roll or dribble the ball in any direction, subject to the official rules. The aim of the game is to throw the ball through the opponent's basket while preventing the other team from getting the ball and scoring goals. Shooting the ball through the basket scores two points for a field goal, three points for a field goal made from outside the three-point line drawn on the court and one point for a free throw. Naturally enough, the team with the most points at the end of the game wins. The game consists of two halves, each of 20 minutes, with a ten-minute break between halves. If scores are level at the allotted 40 minutes, there is a two-minute break followed by an extra period of five minutes of play. You cannot run with the ball - this is called travelling. Nor can you take more than one step while holding the ball. If you stop dribbling, the ball can only be moved by a pass or shot at the basket. If you start dribbling again, you will be penalized for double dribbling. Each team is allowed up to five substitutes, who must stay off the court until the coach decides to replace an on-court player (known as making a substitution). Substitutions may be made at time-outs, jump balls or when play is stopped for a foul. If they do decide to make such a substitution, their opponents can also make a substitution. Generally speaking, basketball is a non-contact game, although contact which gives no one an unfair advantage can occur. You must not hold, push, charge, trip or impede the progress of an opponent by using your arm, shoulder, hip or knee or by bending your body out of a normal position, or use any rough tactics. If you do, you will be charged with a personal foul. When there is contact, the referee makes a decision with the following basic principles in mind: You must avoid contact in any possible way.

 You are entitled to a normal empty position on the court as long as you don't cause contact in taking your court position. If a contact foul occurs, the foul is caused by the player who is responsible for the contact. The player causing the contact must not gain any advantage from it.

Warm-up, Stretch and Cool-down

WARM-UP AND STRETCH Before any game or practice session, it is very important to warm up all of the major muscle groups and then stretch the same muscles. The warm-up could be five or six laps of the court at a half-paced easy jog. You will know you have warmed up enough once you start to sweat lightly. The stretching exercises shown in the diagrams should be done in an easy, relaxed way.

Click here for more Warm-up & Cool-down exercises

Always be careful not to over-stretch. Never do the exercises with a rushed or jerking motion and don't bounce as you stretch. Take it easy and relax. Hold each stretch position for at least ten seconds.

Don't stretch your muscles too far-a gentle pull in the middle of the muscle is what you're after. You should never feel pain. Remember: Stretching will make you more flexible and give you a better range of motion in your muscles and joints. This will help you to play with greater quickness and agility. Stretching will also help prevent injuries such as muscle tears and strains or joint injuries. COOL-DOWN You should always cool down after exercise. This will help remove waste products produced by exercise and will minimize muscle soreness and joint pain. You can use the same routine for your cool-down as you do for your warm-up and stretching. (You will probably find that you are more flexible when you do your cool-down stretches than you were in your warm-up.)

Basketball Basics for New Players and Coaches -- Learn the Basic Rules, Concepts, Court Layout, and Player Positions
FREE! Get 72 of our favorite basketball drills and 32 of our favorite basketball plays. The rules of basketball, thankfully, are fairly straightforward. However, for the younger players, some rules can be easily forgotten. The three-second rule addressing how long an offensive player can be in the key before clearing out is a good example. Once you have taught the rules of the game to your team, there is a simple way to make sure that they don't forget them. Have them tell you the rules. Spend a few minutes during each practice quizzing them. Make it fun. Additionally, you can teach and reinforce the rules of the game during drills. Before you can teach the rules to your team, you must know them yourself...

The Rules Basketball is a team sport. Two teams of five players each try to score by shooting a ball through a hoop elevated 10 feet above the ground. The game is played on a rectangular floor called the court, and there is a hoop at each end. The court is divided into two main sections by the mid-court line. If the offensive team puts the ball into play behind the mid-court line, it has ten seconds to get the ball over the midcourt line. If it doesn't, then the defense gets the ball. Once the offensive team gets the ball over the mid-court line, it can no longer have possession of the ball in the area in back of the line. If it does, the defense is awarded the ball.

Basketball Court 1

The ball is moved down the court toward the basket by passing or dribbling. The team with the ball is called the offense. The team without the ball is called the defense. They try to steal the ball, contest shots, steal and deflect passes, and garner rebounds. When a team makes a basket, they score two points and the ball goes to the other team. If a basket, or field goal, is made outside of the three-point arc, then that basket is worth three points. A free throw is worth one point. Free throws are awarded to a team according to some formats involving the number of fouls committed in a half and/or the type of foul committed. Fouling a shooter always results in two or three free throws being awarded the shooter, depending upon where he was when he shot. If he was beyond the three-point line, then he gets three shots. Other types of fouls do not result in free throws being awarded until a certain number have accumulated during a half. Once that number is reached, then the player who was fouled is awarded a '1-and-1' opportunity. If he makes his first free throw, he gets to attempt a second. If he misses the first shot, the ball is live on the rebound. Each game is divided into sections. All levels have two halves. In college, each half is twenty minutes long. In high school and below, the halves are divided into eight (and sometimes, six) minute quarters. In the pros, quarters are twelve minutes long. There is a gap of several minutes between halves. Gaps between quarters are relatively short. If the score is tied at the end of regulation, then overtime periods of various lengths are played until a winner emerges. Each team is assigned a basket or goal to defend. This means that the other basket is their scoring

basket. At halftime, the teams switch goals. The game begins with one player from either team at center court. A referee will toss the ball up between the two. The player that gets his hands on the ball will tip it to a teammate. This is called a tip-off. In addition to stealing the ball from an opposing player, there are other ways for a team to get the ball. One such way is if the other team commits a foul or violation.

Fouls and Violations FOULS Recommended Resources for Youth Coaches Coaching Youth Basketball Successfully 60 Fun Youth Basketball Drills Simple Offense for Youth Basketball Personal fouls: Personal fouls include any type of illegal physical contact.

Hitting Pushing Slapping Holding Illegal pick/screen -- when an offensive player is moving. When an offensive player sticks out a limb and makes physical contact with a defender in an attempt to block the path of the defender.

Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while a being fouled, then he gets two free throws if his shot doesn't go in, but only one free throw if his shot does go in.

Three free throws are awarded if the player is fouled while shooting for a three-point goal and they miss their shot. If a player is fouled while shooting a three-point shot and makes it anyway, he is awarded one free throw. Thus, he could score four points on the play. Inbounds. If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to the team the foul was committed upon. They get the ball at the nearest side or baseline, out of bounds, and have 5 seconds to pass the ball onto the court. One & one. If the team committing the foul has seven or more fouls in the game, then the player who was fouled is awarded one free throw. If he makes his first shot, then he is awarded another free throw. Ten or more fouls. If the team committing the foul has ten or more fouls, then the fouled player receives two free throws.

Charging. An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or runs over a defensive player. The ball is given to the team that the foul was committed upon. Blocking. Blocking is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not establishing position in time to prevent an opponent's drive to the basket. Flagrant foul. Violent contact with an opponent. This includes hitting, kicking, and punching. This type of foul results in free throws plus the offense retaining possession of the ball after the free throws. Intentional foul. When a player makes physical contact with another player with no reasonable effort to steal the ball. It is a judgment call for the officials. Technical foul. Technical foul. A player or a coach can commit this type of foul. It does not involve player contact or the ball but is instead about the 'manners' of the game. Foul language, obscenity, obscene gestures, and even arguing can be considered a technical foul, as can technical details regarding filling in the scorebook improperly or dunking during warm-ups.

VIOLATIONS Walking/Traveling. Taking more than 'a step and a half' without dribbling the ball is traveling. Moving your pivot foot once you've stopped dribbling is traveling. Carrying/palming. When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to the side of or, sometimes, even under the ball. Double Dribble. Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same time or picking up the dribble and then dribbling again is a double dribble. Held ball. Occasionally, two or more opposing players will gain possession of the ball at the same time. In order to avoid a prolonged and/or violent tussle, the referee stops the action and awards the ball to one team or the other on a rotating basis. Goaltending. If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it's on the way down toward the basket, while it's on the way up toward the basket after having touched the backboard, or while it's in the cylinder above the rim, it's goaltending and the shot counts. If committed by an offensive player, it's a violation and the ball is awarded to the opposing team for a throw-in. Backcourt violation. Once the offense has brought the ball across the mid-court line, they cannot go back across the line during possession. If they do, the ball is awarded to the other team to pass inbounds.

Time restrictions. A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds to pass the ball. If he does not, then the ball is awarded to the other team. Other time restrictions include the rule that a player cannot have the ball for more than five seconds when being closely guarded and, in some states and levels, shot-clock restrictions requiring a team to attempt a shot within a given time frame.

Player Positions Center. Centers are generally your tallest players. They generally are positioned near the basket. Offensive -- The center's goal is to get open for a pass and to shoot. They are also responsible for blocking defenders, known as picking or screening, to open other players up for driving to the basket for a goal. Centers are expected to get some offensive rebounds and put-backs. Defensive -- On defense, the center's main responsibility is to keep opponents from shooting by blocking shots and passes in the key area. They also are expected to get a lot of rebounds because they're taller. Forward. Your next tallest players will most likely be your forwards. While a forward may be called upon to play under the hoop, they may also be required to operate in the wings and corner areas. Offensive -- Forwards are responsible to get free for a pass, take outside shots, drive for goals, and rebound. Defensive -- Responsibilities include preventing drives to the goal and rebounding. Guard. These are potentially your shortest players and they should be really good at dribbling fast, seeing the court, and passing. It is their job to bring the ball down the court and set up offensive plays. Offensive -- Dribbling, passing, and setting up offensive plays are a guard's main responsibilities. They also need to be able to drive to the basket and to shoot from the perimeter. Defensive -- On defense, a guard is responsible for stealing passes, contesting shots, preventing drives to the hoop, and for boxing out.

Where Should New Players and Coaches Start? First, we suggest that you focus on learning the basic fundamentals of basketball. To teach fundamental skills, start with these 72 free basketball drills that include full diagrams and step by step instructions. They will help you develop strong fundamentals and basketball skills. Like any sport, no matter what your age -- whether you're a professional athlete or a youth player just getting started -- you need strong fundamentals to be successful!

Unfortunately, most people don't really understand what that means. The fundamentals include working on the little things that make you better -- no matter what team or coach you play for -- or what offense or defense you are running. For example, by working on the fundamentals of shooting, you will get better no matter what team you play for. The fundamentals of shooting include proper foot alignment, leg bend, hand position, arm angle, follow through, and so on. These are some of the little things that make a difference. Learn them! The same goes for lays ups, foot work, post play, passing, jab steps, jump stops, pivoting, blocking out, and so on.

Basketball - James Naismith (1861-1939)

Photo: Y.M.C.A. training school [Springfield College], Springfield, Mass. - home of basketball. By Mary Bellis

James Naismith was the Canadian physical education instructor who invented basketball in 1891. James Naismith was born in Almonte, Ontario and educated at McGill University and Presbyterian Cllege in Montreal. He was the physical education teacher at McGill University (1887 to 1890) and at Springfield College in Springfield, Massachusetts (1890 to 1895). At Springfield College (which was then the Y.M.C.A. training school), James Naismith, under the direction of American phys-ed specialist Luther Halsey Gulick, invented the indoor sport of basketball.

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The first formal rules were devised in 1892. Initially, players dribbled a soccer ball up and down a court of unspecified dimensions. Points were earned by landing the ball in a peach basket. Iron hoops and a hammock-style basket were introduced in 1893. Another decade passed, however, before the innovation of open-ended nets put an end to the practice of manually retrieving the ball from the basket each time a goal was scored. In 1959, James Naismith was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame (called the Naismith Memorial Hall of Fame.)

Dr. James Naismith's Original 13 Rules for Basketball

Patent Drawing: Basketball Patent

The Basketball U.S. patent #1,718,305 was granted to G.L. Pierce on June 25, 1929 for the "basketball" used in the game. James Naismith - Biography Under orders from Dr. Luther Gulick, head of Physical Education at the School for Christian Workers. James Naismith had 14 days to create an indoor game that would provide an "athletic distraction" for a rowdy class through the brutal New England winter. Also See: The Life and Times of Dr. James Naismith The History of Basketball It all started with two peach baskets affixed to a 10-foot-high railing and with a soccer ball in a YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association) in Massachusetts. Pro Basketball Logo Trademarks Archive of trademarked basketball logos. Basketball Today With About Pro Basketball Players, schedules, scores -- even fantasy basketball league information.

Basketball Rules

SCORING:

* 2 point field goal- a shot made from anywhere during play inside the 3 pt arc. * 3 point field goal- a shot made from anywhere outside the 3 pt arc. * Free throw- 1 point is awarded to an unguarded shot taken from behind the free throw line while the clock is stopped.

SKILLS:

* Boxing out- a players position between an opposing player and the basket to obtain a better rebounding position. * Dribbling- bouncing the ball with 1 hand using your fingertips instead of your palm so that it rebounds back to yourself (the only legal way to move with the ball) * Passing- moving the ball by throwing, bouncing, handing, or rolling it to another player (Chest, Bounce, Lob) * Shooting- throwing the ball to make a basket * Pivoting- stepping once or more in any direction with the same foot while holding the other foot at its initial point. * Rebounding- The recovering of a shot that bounces off the backboard or the rim.

FOULS: results in one or more free throws awarded to the opposing team

* Blocking- impeding the progress of an opponent by extending one or both arms horizontally or getting in the path of a moving player. * Charging- running into a stationary player while you are moving with the ball. * Hacking- the player hits the arm or hand of the person holding the ball.

* Holding- the player holds the person with or without the ball.

VIOLATIONS: results in a change of possession with the team in bounding the ball at the side line opposite where the infringement took place

* Traveling- moving illegally with the ball * Three seconds- an offensive player remains in the key (free throw lane- the area under the basket) for more than 3 seconds * Double dribble- a player dribbles the ball with both hands at the same time or they stop and then start dribbling again

TERMS:

* Air ball- a shot that completely misses the rim and the backboard * Assist- a pass to a teammate who then scores a field goal. * Defense- team trying to stop the other team from scoring * Dunk- to throw the ball down into the basket with the hand above the level of the rim * Fast break- dribbling or passing the ball towards your basket before the defense can set up * Man-to-man- a defensive strategy where everyone guards an assigned player * Offense- team trying to score * Turn over- any loss of the ball without a shot being taken * Zone defense- a defensive strategy where everyone guards an area instead of a player (2-1-2, 2-3)