Template Perhitungan Baru

NERACA MASSA
Kapasitas perancangan per tahun : 31.500 ton/tahun

Waktu operasi dalam satu tahun : 330 hari
Kapasitas perancangan per jam
Kapasitas per jam = 31500 ton 1000 kg 1 tahun 1 hari

x x x
tahun 1 ton 330 hari 24 jam
= 3977.2727 kg
Komposisi umpan :
Methyl Formate Dimethylamine
C2H4O2 = 97% bw C2 H 7 N = 99% bw
CH3OH = 3% bw C3 H 9 N = 0.50% bw
100% bw H 2O = 0.50% bw
100% bw
Spesifikasi Produk
Dimethylformamide (DMF) Methanol
C3H7NO = 99.85% bw CH3OH = 99.28% bw
CH3OH = 0.05% bw impuritas = 0.72% bw
H 2O = 0.10% bw 100.00% bw
100.00% bw
Diagram Alir proses
Neraca Massa Reaktor
Arus 9
bawah :
komponen kg %berat BM kmol %mol
C2 H 7 N 2.8107 0.0074 45.084 0.0623 0.0094
C3 H 9 N 1.3798 0.0036 59.111 0.0233 0.0035
C2H4O2 358.9561 0.9402 60.053 5.9773 0.8996
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0488 32.042 0.5813 0.0875
381.7732 1.0000 6.6443 1.0000
Arus 1
C2H4O2 3270.4918 0.9700 60.053 54.4601 0.9452
CH3OH 101.1492 0.0300 32.042 3.1568 0.0548
3371.6410 1.0000 57.6169 1.0000
Arus 2
C2 H 7 N 2458.8369 0.9900 45.084 54.5390 0.9838
C3 H 9 N 12.4184 0.0050 59.111 0.2101 0.0038
H 2O 12.4184 0.0050 18.015 0.6893 0.0124
2483.6736 1.0000 55.4384 1.0000
Arus 3
C2 H 7 N 2.8107 0.0007 45.084 0.0623 0.0010
C3 H 9 N 1.3798 0.0004 59.111 0.0233 0.0004
C2H4O2 3629.4479 0.9670 60.053 60.4374 0.9405
CH3OH 119.7758 0.0319 32.042 3.7381 0.0582
3753.4142 1.0000 64.2612 1.0000
konversi : 90%
reaksi :
C2H7N + C2H4O2 ---------------> C3H7NO + CH3OH
mula2 54.6014 60.4374
reaksi 54.3937 54.3937 54.3937 54.3937
sisa 0.2077 6.0437 54.3937 54.3937
Arus 4
C2H4O2 362.9448 0.0582 60.053 6.0437 0.0505
CH3OH 1862.6578 0.2986 32.042 58.1318 0.4856
C2 H 7 N 9.3633 0.0015 45.084 0.2077 0.0017
C3 H 9 N 13.7982 0.0022 59.111 0.2334 0.0020
H 2O 12.4184 0.0020 18.015 0.6893 0.0058
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.6375 73.095 54.3937 0.4544
6237.0878 1.0000 119.6996 1.0000
komponen Arus 2 Arus 3 Arus 4

C2H4O2 3629.4479 362.9448
CH3OH 119.7758 1862.6578
C2 H 7 N 2458.8369 2.8107 9.3633
C3 H 9 N 12.4184 1.3798 13.7982
H 2O 12.4184 12.4184
C3H7NO 3975.9054
Subtotal 2483.6736 3753.4142 6237.0878
Total 6237.0878 6237.0878
Neraca Massa Menara Distilasi-01

Arus 4
umpan :
komponen kg %berat BM kmol %mol TD, oC
C2H4O2 362.9448 0.0582 60.053 6.0437 0.0505 31.7
CH3OH 1862.6578 0.2986 32.042 58.1318 0.4856 64.6
C2 H 7 N 9.3633 0.0015 45.084 0.2077 0.0017 6.9
C3 H 9 N 13.7982 0.0022 59.111 0.2334 0.0020 2.87
H 2O 12.4184 0.0020 18.015 0.6893 0.0058 100
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.6375 73.095 54.3937 0.4544 153
6237.0878 1.0000 119.6996 1.0000
Arus 5
Atas :
C2H4O2 359.3153 0.8958 60.053 5.9833 0.8541
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0464 32.042 0.5813 0.0830
C2 H 7 N 9.3633 0.0233 45.084 0.2077 0.0296
C3 H 9 N 13.7982 0.0344 59.111 0.2334 0.0333
401.1034 1.0000 7.0057 1.0000
Arus 6
bawah :
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0006 60.053 0.0604 0.0005
CH3OH 1844.0312 0.3160 32.042 57.5504 0.5107
H 2O 12.4184 0.0021 18.015 0.6893 0.0061
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.6813 73.095 54.3937 0.4827
5835.9844 1.0000 112.6939 1.0000

C2H4O2 362.9448 359.3153 3.6294
CH3OH 1862.6578 18.6266 1844.0312
C2 H 7 N 9.3633 9.3633
C3 H 9 N 13.7982 13.7982
H 2O 12.4184 12.4184
C3H7NO 3975.9054 3975.9054
Subtotal 6237.0878 401.1034 5835.9844
Total 6237.0878 6237.0878
Neraca Massa Menara Distilasi-02
Arus 6
umpan :
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0006 60.053 0.0604 0.0005 31.7
CH3OH 1844.0312 0.3160 32.042 57.5504 0.5107 64.6
H 2O 12.4184 0.0021 18.015 0.6893 0.0061 100
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.6813 73.095 54.3937 0.4827 153
5835.9844 1.0000 112.6939 1.0000
Arus 7
atas : 0.7182
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0020 60.053 0.0604 0.0010
CH3OH 1842.1872 0.9911 32.042 57.4929 0.9895
H 2O 8.9192 0.0048 18.015 0.4951 0.0085
C3H7NO 3.9759 0.0021 73.095 0.0544 0.0009
1858.7117 1.0000 58.1028 1.0000
Arus 8
bawah :
CH3OH 1.8440 0.0005 32.042 0.0576 0.0011
H 2O 3.4992 0.0009 18.015 0.1942 0.0036
C3H7NO 3971.9295 0.9987 73.095 54.3393 0.9954
3977.2727 1.0000 54.5911 1.0000

C2H4O2 3.6294 3.6294
CH3OH 1844.0312 1842.1872 1.8440
H 2O 12.4184 8.9192 3.4992
C3H7NO 3975.9054 3.9759 3971.9295
Subtotal 5835.9844 1858.7117 3977.2727
Total 5835.9844 5835.9844
Neraca Massa Stripper

Arus 5
Umpan masuk :
C2H4O2 359.3153 0.8958 60.053 5.9833 0.8541 31.7
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0464 32.042 0.5813 0.0830 64.6
C2 H 7 N 9.3633 0.0233 45.084 0.2077 0.0296 6.9
C3 H 9 N 13.7982 0.0344 59.111 0.2334 0.0333 2.87
401.1034 1.0000 7.0057 1.0000
Arus 10
Atas :
C2H4O2 0.3592 0.0186 60.053 0.0060 0.0166
C2 H 7 N 6.5526 0.3390 45.084 0.1453 0.4022
C3 H 9 N 12.4184 0.6424 59.111 0.2101 0.5813
19.3302 1.0000 0.3614 1.0000
Arus 9
bawah :
C2 H 7 N 2.8107 0.0074 60.053 0.0468 0.0071
C3 H 9 N 1.3798 0.0036 45.084 0.0306 0.0046
C2H4O2 358.9561 0.9402 60.053 5.9773 0.9007
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0488 32.042 0.5813 0.0876
381.7732 1.0000 6.6360 1.0000

C2H4O2 359.3153 358.9561 0.3592
CH3OH 18.6266 18.6266
C2 H 7 N 9.3633 2.8107 6.5526
C3 H 9 N 13.7982 1.3798 12.4184
Subtotal 401.1034 381.7732 19.3302
Total 401.1034 401.1034
neraca massa total

Arus 1 3371.6410 Arus 9 19.3302
Arus 2 2483.6736 Arus 6 1858.7117
Arus 7 3977.2727
5855.3146 5855.3146
NERACA MASA TOTAL

ARUS MASSA Kg/Jam
KOMPONEN Arus 1 Arus 2 Arus 3 Arus 4 Arus 5 Arus 6 Arus 7 Arus 8 Arus 9
C2H4O2 3270.4918 3629.4479 362.9448 359.3153 3.6294 0.3592 358.9561 3.6294
CH3OH 101.1492 119.7758 1862.6578 18.6266 1844.0312 18.6266 1842.1872
C2 H 7 N 2458.8369 2.8107 9.3633 9.3633 6.5526 2.8107
C3 H 9 N 12.4184 1.3798 13.7982 13.7982 12.4184 1.3798
H2 O 12.4184 12.4184 12.4184 8.9192
C3H7NO 3975.9054 3975.9054 3.9759
TOTAL 2483.6736 3371.6410 3753.4142 6237.0878 401.1034 5835.9844 19.3302 381.7732 1858.7117
1. Neraca Massa Total
Tabel 2.1 Neraca Massa Total

input, kg/jam output, kg/jam
KOMPONEN Arus 1 Arus 2 Arus 7 Arus 9 Arus 10
C2 H 4 O 2 0.0000 3270.4918 0.3592 3.6294 0.0000
CH3OH 0.0000 101.1492 0.0000 1842.1872 1.8440
C2 H 7 N 2458.8369 0.0000 6.5526 0.0000 0.0000
C3 H 9 N 12.4184 0.0000 12.4184 0.0000 0.0000
H2 O 12.4184 0.0000 0.0000 8.9192 3.4992
C3H7NO 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3.9759 3971.9295
TOTAL 5855.3146 5855.3146
2. Neraca Massa Disekitar Reaktor
Tabel 2.2 Neraca Massa Disekitar Reaktor

KOMPONEN Arus 1 Arus 2 Arus 8 Arus 4
C2 H 4 O 2 0.0000 3270.4918 358.9561 362.9448
CH3OH 0.0000 101.1492 18.6266 1862.6578
C2 H 7 N 2458.8369 0.0000 2.8107 9.3633
C3 H 9 N 12.4184 0.0000 1.3798 13.7982
H2 O 12.4184 0.0000 0.0000 12.4184
C3H7NO 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3975.9054
TOTAL 6237.0878 6237.0878
3. Neraca Massa di Menara Distilasi 01
Tabel 2.3 Neraca Massa di Menara Distilasi 01

Komponen input, kg/jam output, kg/jam
C2 H 4 O 2 362.9448 359.3153 3.6294
CH3OH 1862.6578 18.6266 1844.0312
C2 H 7 N 9.3633 9.3633 0.0000
C3 H 9 N 13.7982 13.7982 0.0000
H2 O 12.4184 0.0000 12.4184
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.0000 3975.9054
Total 6237.0878 6237.0878
4. Neraca Massa di Striper

Tabel 2.4 Neraca Massa di Striper
KOMPONEN Arus 5 Arus 7 Arus 8
C2H4O2 359.3153 0.3592 358.9561
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0000 18.6266
C2 H 7 N 9.3633 6.5526 2.8107
C3 H 9 N 13.7982 12.4184 1.3798
H2 O 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
C3H7NO 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
TOTAL 401.1034 401.1034
5. Neraca Massa di Menara Distilasi 02
Tabel 2.5 Neraca Massa di Menara Distilasi 02

KOMPONEN Arus 6 Arus 9 Arus 10
C2 H 4 O 2 3.6294 3.6294 0.0000
CH3OH 1844.0312 1842.1872 1.8440
C2 H 7 N 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
C3 H 9 N 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
H2 O 12.4184 8.9192 3.4992
C3H7NO 3975.9054 3.9759 3971.9295
TOTAL 5835.9844 5835.9844
Arus 10
1.8440
3.4992
3971.9295
3977.2727
Neraca Panas
Data kapsitas panas gas :
Cp = A +BT + C T2 + DT3
Keterangan :
Cp = Kapasitas Panas (kJ/kmol K)
T = Suhu, K
CpdT = A (T -298) + B/2 (T2-2982) + C/3 (T3 - 2983) + D/4 (T4 - 2984)
komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06
CH3OH 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06
C2H7N 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06
C3H9N 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06
H2O 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07
C3H7NO 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03 1.86E-06
komponen TC (K) TBP HV (J/mol) DHF (Kj/mol) DGF (Kj/mol)

CH3OH 512.6 64.6 35278 -201.3 -162.62
H2O 647.3 100 40683 -242 -228.77
C2H7N 437.6 6.8 26502 -18.81 68.04
C3H9N 433.2 2.4 24116 -23.86 98.98
C2H4O2 487.2 31.7 28219 -350.02 -297.39
C3H7NO 647 153 39410 -191.7 -88.41
ln Pi = A -B/(C+T), mmHg VICOSITAS CAIRAN

komponen A B C komponen A
CH3OH 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 C2H4O2 -8.0637
H2O 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 CH3OH -9.0562
C2H7N 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 C2H7N -11.5558
C3H9N 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 C3H9N -3.9726
C2H4O2 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 H2O -10.2158
C3H7NO 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 C3H7NO -5.329
Neraca Panas Reaktor

Arus 2 T= 383.1500
komponen kmol A B C D Cp dT
C2H7N 54.5390 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06 13790.5624
C3H9N 0.2101 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06 12990.5278
H2O 0.6893 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07 6410.9599
Total 55.4384
Arus 3 T= 383.1500
C2H7N 0.0623 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06 13790.56
C3H9N 0.0233 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06 12990.53
C2H4O2 60.4374 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 10466.41
CH3OH 3.7381 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 7192.38
Total 64.2612
Arus 4 T= 383.1500
C2H4O2 6.0437 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 10466.41
CH3OH 58.1318 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 7192.38
C2H7N 0.2077 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06 13790.56
C3H9N 0.2334 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06 12990.53
H2O 0.6893 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07 6410.96
C3H7NO 54.3937 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03 1.86E-06 13325.52
Total 119.6996
komponen DHf
C2H7N -18.81
C2H4O2 -350.02
C3H7NO -191.70
CH3OH -201.30
Reaksi : -393.00
C2H7N + C2H4O2 ---------------> C3H7NO + CH3OH -368.83
DHf298 = DHf298produk -DHf298 reaktan

= -24.17 kJ/mol x 54393.6708 mol
= -1314695.023236 kJ
.DHR = DH reaktan + DHf298 + DHproduk

= -1518076.73 kJ
a. Neraca Panas di Sekitar Reaktor
Tabel 2.7 Neraca Panas di Sekitar Reaktor

komponen Masuk, kJ/jam Keluar, kJ/jam
C2 H 4 O 2 632562.5540 63256.2554
CH3OH 26885.7563 418105.8287
C2 H 7 N 752123.6678 859.7479 2864.1069
C3 H 9 N 2729.1224 303.2326 3032.3550
H2 O 4419.2984 4419.2984
C3H7NO 724823.8275
Subtotal 759272.0886 660611.2908 1216501.6718
Pns reaksi 1314695.0232 4.1795 air
Pendingin 1518076.7308 total pendingin =
Total 2734578.4026 2734578.4026
Neraca Panas Menara Distilasi-01
menghitung bubble point dan dew point umpan, distilat dan bottom
Umpan masuk
Bubble point T= 379.5405 K P=
komponen %mol A B C ln Pi Pi
C2H4O2 0.0505 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 8.8210 6775.0
CH3OH 0.4856 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 8.0834 3240.2
C2H7N 0.0017 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 9.4166 12290.5
C3H9N 0.0020 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 9.4971 13321.1
H2O 0.0058 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 6.8569 950.4
C3H7NO 0.4544 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 5.2143 183.9
1.0000
Dew Point T= 436.9060 K P=

komponen %mol A B C lnPi Pi
C2H4O2 0.0505 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 9.9397 20737.3
CH3OH 0.4856 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 9.5800 14472.9
C2H7N 0.0017 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 10.3944 32677.5
C3H9N 0.0020 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 10.4422 34274.8
H2O 0.0058 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 8.5373 5101.5
C3H7NO 0.4544 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 6.9173 1009.6
Total 1.0000
Distilat :
C2H4O2 0.8541 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.6036 2005.5
CH3OH 0.0830 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.4666 643.3
C2H7N 0.0296 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 8.3595 4270.4
C3H9N 0.0333 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 8.4719 4778.4
1.0000

C2H4O2 0.8541 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.7483 2317.6
CH3OH 0.0830 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.6580 779.0
C2H7N 0.0296 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 8.4847 4840.0
C3H9N 0.0333 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 8.5935 5396.4
Total 1.0000
Bottom :
C2H4O2 0.0005 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 8.9382 7617.3
CH3OH 0.5107 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 8.2397 3788.2
H2O 0.0061 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 7.0332 1133.6
C3H7NO 0.4827 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 5.3957 220.4
1.0000

C2H4O2 0.0005 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 9.9764 21512.7
CH3OH 0.5107 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 9.6293 15204.1
H2O 0.0061 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 8.5923 5390.2
C3H7NO 0.4827 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 6.9721 1066.5
Total 1.0000
Temperatur Umpan Distilat Bottom

Bubble point 379.5405 333.4883 384.7544
Dew Point 436.9060 338.2896 439.1212
Menentukan komponen kunci atas (LK) dan bawah (HK)
LK C2H4O2
Hk CH3OH
60.3383
umpan dalam keadaan bubble point q = 1 111.6044
Menghitung a rerata
Ki
i =
K komponenberat
komponen Ki atas Ki bawah a top a bottom a rerata
C2H4O2 0.9773 3.7121 3.1175 2.0108 2.5641 LK
CH3OH 0.3135 1.8461 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 HK
C2H7N 2.0811 6.6383 0.0000 3.3192
C3H9N 2.3286 7.4279 0.0000 3.7139
H2O 0.5524 0.0000 0.2992 0.1496
C3H7NO 0.1074 0.0000 0.0582 0.0291
Cek distribusi dengan Fenske

komponen a fi di bi di/bi
C2H4O2 2.5641 6.0437 5.9833 0.0604 99.0000 LK
CH3OH 1.0000 58.1318 0.5813 57.5504 0.0101 HK
C2H7N 3.3192 0.2077 0.2077 0.0000 0.0000
C3H9N 3.7139 0.2334 0.2334 0.0000 0.0000
H2O 0.1496 0.6893 0.6893 0.0000
C3H7NO 0.0291 54.3937 54.3937 0.0000
LK= di/bi= 99.0000

HK=di/bi= 0.0101
di
log = A +C log i
bi
HK --> log 0.0101 = A + C log 1.0000
A = -1.9956
LK --> log 99.0000 = -1.9956 + C log 2.5641

C = 9.7600
Maka: log di/bi = -1.9956 + 9.7600 log i
fi = di + bi
fi/bi = di/bi +1
bi = fi/(di/bi+1)
komponen i fi kmol/j di/bi bi kmol/j di kmol/j xi d

C2H4O2 2.5641 6.0437 99.0000 0.0604 5.9833 0.8541
CH3OH 1.0000 58.1318 0.0101 57.5504 0.5813 0.0830
C2H7N 3.3192 0.2077 1229.1234 0.0002 0.2075 0.0296
C3H9N 3.7139 0.2334 3680.8322 0.0001 0.2334 0.0333
H2O 0.1496 0.6893 0.0000 0.6893 0.0000 0.0000
C3H7NO 0.0291 54.3937 0.0000 54.3937 0.0000 0.0000
Total 119.6996 112.6941 7.0055 1.0000
Selanjutnya dengan cara trial dan error dicari q (konstanta underwood)
( ixi )
1q= (Coulson & Richardsons,hal 470)
( i )
q = 2.2324
( ix i )
komponen frak ump ai ai.xi ai - q ( i )
C2H4O2 0.0505 2.5641 0.1295 0.3317 0.3903
CH3OH 0.4856 1.0000 0.4856 -1.2324 -0.3941
C2H7N 0.0017 3.3192 0.0058 1.0867 0.0053
C3H9N 0.0020 3.7139 0.0072 1.4815 0.0049
H2O 0.0058 0.1496 0.0009 -2.0828 -0.0004
C3H7NO 0.4544 0.0291 0.0132 -2.2033 -0.0060
Total 1.0000 0.0000
Menentukan Rmin
x Menghitung refluk ratio : (Coulson & Richardsons,hal 470)
i
i, d
= R m+ 1
i q = 2.2324
komponen frak dist ai ai.xi ai - q Rm +1
C2H4O2 0.8541 2.5641 2.1899 0.3317 6.6017
CH3OH 0.0830 1.0000 0.0830 -1.2324 -0.0673
C2H7N 0.0296 3.3192 0.0984 1.0867 0.0905
C3H9N 0.0333 3.7139 0.1237 1.4815 0.0835
Total 1.0000 6.7084
Rmin +1 = 6.7084
Rmin = 5.7084
Diambil Rop = 5.7084 x 1,3
= 7.4210
Rmin/Rmin +1= 0.8509
Rop/Rop+1= 0.8812
Menentukan jumlah plate

Menghitung stage minimum dengan metode Fenske Equetion
(Coulson & Richardsons,hal 469)
Nm=
log
[ ][ ]
x LK
x HK d
x HK
x LK b
log LK
XLK distilat = 0.8541
XHK distilat = 0.0830
XLK bottom = 0.0005
XHK bottom = 0.5107
a LK
= 2.5641
Nm = 9.7600
Dari figure 11,11 Coulson & Richardsons, hal 468
Diperoleh harga Nm/N = 0.92
jumlah stage N = 10.6087
Menghitung plate atas dan bawah :
[( )( )]
2
x f , HK x b , LK
log
Nr
Ns [ ]
=0, 206 log
B
D x f , LK )( x d , HK
(Coulson & Richardsons, hal 471)
dimana :
Nr = jumlah stages atas (rectifying)
Ns = jumlah stages bawah (stripping)
B = laju alir Bottom
D = laju alir distilat
xf,HK = consentrasi umpan untuk heavy key
xf,LK = consentrasi umpan untuk light key
xb,HK = consentrasi bottom untuk heavy key
xd,LK = consentrasi distilat untuk light key
data :
B = 112.6941 kmol
D = 7.0055 kmol
xf,LK = 0.0505
xf,HK = 0.4856
xb,LK = 0.0005
xd,HK = 0.0830
log(Nr/Ns) = -0.45105
Nr/Ns = 0.3540
Nr+Ns = 10.6087
Ns = 7.8353 buah
Nr = 2.7734 buah
effisiensi = 0.70
Plate aktual = Plate teoritis
effisiensi
= 10.609
0.70
= 15.1552
Stripping = 11.1933 = 11 buah
Rectifying = 3.9620 = 3 buah
total plate aktual = 14 buah
Panas penguapan :
T= 333.4883 K P= 2.7000 atm
= 60.3382949563 C o
= 2,052.0000 mmHg
Hv = A(1-(T/Tc)n ===> Hv = kJ/mol
A, Tc, n = regretion coefficient for chemical compound
T = Temperature , K
Komponen kmol A Tc, K n H uap, kJ/kmol m. H uap
C2H4O2 5.9833 43.997 487.2 0.453 6941.969378945 41535.9116812217
CH3OH 0.5813 52.23 512.58 0.377 28915.642321187 16809.1713891606
C2H7N 0.2077 41.07 437.65 0.424 41070 8529.6645557164
C3H9N 0.2334 34.6 433.25 0.384 34600 8076.6143356517
Total 7.0057 74951.3619617503
Neraca panas
Umpan masuk (QF) T= 379.5405
komponen kmol A B C D CpdT
C2H4O2 6.0437 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 9983.78
CH3OH 58.1318 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 6868.09
C2H7N 0.2077 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06 13139.11
C3H9N 0.2334 47.960 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06 12369.92
H2O 0.6893 92.050 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07 6137.44
C3H7NO 54.3937 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03 1.86E-06 12736.76
Total 119.6996
Panas Distilat (Qd)
Massa yang didinginkan = (R + 1) D T= 333.4883
Komponen kmol A B C D CpdT
C2H4O2 5.9833 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 4157.34
CH3OH 0.5813 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 2894.82
C2H7N 0.2077 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06 5402.88
C3H9N 0.2334 47.960 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06 5050.31
Total 7.0057
Panas kondensor (Qc)

0,38
H v 2 =H v 1 [ TcT
TcTb ]
T= 333.4883 K
Komponen kmol Hv1( kJ/kmol.K ) TC TB Hv2 Q = mHv2
C2H4O2 5.9833 6941.969378945 487.2 304.9 6506.27 38929.02
CH3OH 0.5813 28915.642321187 512.6 337.75 29181.46 16963.70
C2H7N 0.2077 41070 437.65 280.03 35088.23 7287.33
C3H9N 0.2334 34600 433.25 276.02 29107.10 6794.42
Total 7.0057 69974.46
Panas keluar Bottom (QB) T= 384.7544

C2H4O2 0.0604 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 10682.32
CH3OH 57.5504 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 7337.21
H2O 0.6893 92.050 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07 6532.67
C3H7NO 54.3937 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03 1.86E-06 13587.98
Total 112.6939
Panas masuk = panas keluar

Panas reboiler + panas umpan = panas distilat + panas kondensor + panas bottom
Panas reboiler = panas distilat + panas kondensor + panas bottom - panas umpan
= 103,102.3011 kJ
b. Neraca Panas di Menara Distilasi 01
Tabel 2.8 Neraca Panas di Menara Distilasi 01

Masuk, kJ/Jam Keluar, kJ/Jam
Komponen
Umpan Distilat Bottom
C2 H 4 O 2 60339.3595 24874.6389 645.6115
CH3OH 399253.9322 1682.8079 422259.7095
C2 H 7 N 2728.8095 1122.1020
C3 H 9 N 2887.4882 1178.8835
H2 O 4230.7510 4503.1997
C3H7NO 692799.0809 739100.3043
sub total 1162239.4212 28858.4323 1166508.8251
Beban Kondensor 69974.4649
Panas Reboiler 103102.3011
Total 1265341.7223 1265341.7223
Neraca Panas Menara Distilasi-02

menghitung bubble point dan dew point umpan, distilat dan bottom
Umpan masuk
C2H4O2 0.0005 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 8.1981 3633.9
CH3OH 0.5107 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 7.2545 1414.5
H2O 0.0061 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 5.9190 372.0
C3H7NO 0.4827 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 4.2378 69.3
Total 1.0000

C2H4O2 0.0005 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 9.3132 11083.9
CH3OH 0.5107 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 8.7406 6252.0
H2O 0.0061 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 7.5970 1992.1
C3H7NO 0.4827 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 5.9715 392.1
Total 1.0000
Distilat :
C2H4O2 0.0010 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.7336 2283.9
CH3OH 0.9895 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.6387 764.1
H2O 0.0085 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 5.2187 184.7
C3H7NO 0.0009 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 3.4961 33.0
Total 1.0000

C2H4O2 0.0010 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.7483 2317.5
CH3OH 0.9895 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.6580 779.0
H2O 0.0085 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 5.2407 188.8
C3H7NO 0.0009 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 3.5196 33.8
Total 0.9991
Bottom
CH3OH 0.0011 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 9.3003 10941.7
H2O 0.0036 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 8.2245 3731.4
C3H7NO 0.9954 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 6.6047 738.6
Total 1.0000
CH3OH 0.0011 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 9.3224 11185.5
H2O 0.0036 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 8.2492 3824.6
C3H7NO 0.9954 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 6.6295 757.1
Total 1.0000
Temperatur Umpan Distilat Bottom

Bubble point 354.2898 337.7965 424.7805
Dew Point 402.5854 338.2890 425.7095

LK CH3OH
Hk C3H7NO
umpan dalam keadaan bubble point q = 1

Menghitung a rerata
Ki
i =
K komponenberat
komponen Ki atas Ki bawah a top a bottom a rerata
C2H4O2 3.0051 69.2379 34.6190
CH3OH 1.0054 14.3970 23.1634 14.8142 18.9888 LK
H2O 0.2430 4.9098 5.5989 5.0520 5.3255
C3H7NO 0.0434 0.9718 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 HK
Selanjutnya dengan cara trial dan error dicari q (konstanta underwood)
( ixi )
1q= (Coulson & Richardsons,hal 470)
( i )
q = 1.8389
komponen frak ump ai ai.xi ai - q
( ix i )
( i )
( ix i )
( i )
C2H4O2 0.0005 34.6190 0.0186 32.7800 0.0006

CH3OH 0.5107 18.9888 9.6972 17.1499 0.5654
H2O 0.0061 5.3255 0.0326 3.4866 0.0093
C3H7NO 0.4827 1.0000 0.4827 -0.8389 -0.5753
Total 1.0000 0.0000
Menentukan Rmin
i xi, d Menghitung refluk ratio : (Coulson & Richardsons,hal 470)
= R m+ 1
i q = 1.8389
komponen frak dist ai ai.xi ai - q Rm +1
C2H4O2 0.0010 34.6190 0.0360 32.7800 0.0011
CH3OH 0.9895 18.9888 18.7895 17.1499 1.0956
H2O 0.0085 5.3255 0.0454 3.4866 0.0130
C3H7NO 0.0009 1.0000 0.0009 -0.8389 -0.0011
Total 1.0000 1.1086
Rmin +1 = 1.1086
Rmin = 0.1086
Diambil Rop = 0.1086 x 1,3
= 0.1412
Rmin/Rmin +1= 0.0980
Rop/Rop+1= 0.1237
Panas penguapan :
T= 337.7965 K P= 1.0000 atm
= 64.6464797889 C o
= 760.0000 mmHg
Hv = A(1-(T/Tc)n ===> Hv = kJ/mol
A, Tc, n = regretion coefficient for chemical compound
T = Temperature , K T= 337.7965
Komponen kmol A Tc, K n H uap, kJ/kmol m. H uap
C2H4O2 0.0604 43.997 487.2 0.453 6725.8807 406.4948
CH3OH 57.4929 52.23 512.58 0.377 7598.3584 436851.5861
H2O 0.4951 52.053 647.13 0.321 9804.0641 4853.9560
C3H7NO 0.0544 59.355 647 0.381 13018.8038 708.1405
Total 58.1028 442820.1774
Neraca panas
Umpan masuk (QF) T= 354.2898
C2H4O2 0.0604 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 6718.97
CH3OH 57.5504 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 4654.61
H2O 0.6893 92.050 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07 4233.22
C3H7NO 54.3937 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03 1.86E-06 8682.01
Total 112.6939
Panas distilat (Qd)

Massa yang didinginkan = (R + 1) D T= 337.7965
C2H4O2 0.060437412 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 4679.4570
CH3OH 57.492890564 40.152 0.31046 -0.0010291 1.4598E-06 3255.0680
H2O 0.4950963151 92.05 -0.039953 -0.00021103 5.3469E-07 2994.2742
C3H7NO 0.0543936708 63.727 0.60708 -0.0016163 0.000001856 6089.7266
Total 58.1028
Panas kondensor (Qc)

0, 38
Hv 2 =Hv 1 [ TcT
Tc Tb ]
T= 337.7965
Komponen kmol/jam Hv1( kJ/kmol.K ) TC TB Hv2 Q = mHv2
C2H4O2 0.0604 6725.8807 487.2 304.85 6235.3678669023 376.85
CH3OH 57.4929 7598.3584 512.6 337.75 7597.5907628635 436807.45
H2O 0.4951 9804.0641 647.13 373.15 10266.802945652 5083.06
C3H7NO 0.0544 13018.8038 647 426.15 10266.802945652 558.45
Total 58.1028 442825.81
Panas keluar Bottom (QB) T= 424.7805

CH3OH 0.0576 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 11104.43
H2O 0.1942 92.050 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07 9607.51
C3H7NO 54.3393 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03 1.86E-06 20304.82
Total 54.5911
Panas masuk = panas keluar

Panas reboiler + panas umpan = panas distilat + panas kondensor + panas bottom
Panas reboiler = panas distilat + panas kondensor + panas bottom - panas umpan
= 994,474.7647 kJ
c. Neraca Panas di Menara Distilasi 02
Tabel 2.9 Neraca Panas di Menara Distilasi 02

Komponen
C2 H 4 O 2 406.0770 282.8143
CH3OH 267874.7499 187143.2662 639.0646
H2 O 2918.1087 1482.4541 1866.1500
C3H7NO 472246.4464 331.2426 1103349.3458
sub total 743445.3819 189239.7771 1105854.5603
Total 1737920.1467 1737920.1467
Neraca Panas Stripper

Menghitung tekanan dan suhu umpan T= 326.8667 K P=
Umpan 53.7167 C P=
C2H4O2 0.8541 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.3962 1629.7
CH3OH 0.0830 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.1923 489.0
C2H7N 0.0296 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 8.1800 3569.0
C3H9N 0.0333 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 8.2974 4013.6
Total 1.0000
Bottom T= 330.0346 K
45.3761 C P=
C2H7N 0.0071 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 8.2669 3892.7952
C3H9N 0.0046 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 8.3819 4367.1949
C2H4O2 0.9007 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.4966 1801.9554
CH3OH 0.0876 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.3251 558.3920
Total 1.0000
atas : T= 300.2950 K
27.1450 C P=
C2H4O2 0.0166 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 6.4564 636.8
C2H7N 0.4022 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 7.3698 1587.3
C3H9N 0.5813 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 7.5086 1823.7
Total 1.0000
T= 299.6344 K
26.4844 C P=
C2H4O2 0.0166 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 6.4305 620.5102
C2H7N 0.4022 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 7.3476 1552.4700
C3H9N 0.5813 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 7.4870 1784.6328
Total 1.0000
Umpan masuk : T= 326.8667

C2H4O2 5.9833 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 3362.80
CH3OH 0.5813 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 2345.11
C2H7N 0.2077 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06 4364.02
C3H9N 0.2334 47.960 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06 4075.16
Total 7.0057
atas : T= 300.2950
C2H4O2 0.0060 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 261.8534
C2H7N 0.1453 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06 338.1593
C3H9N 0.2101 47.960 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06 314.5644
Total 0.3614 914.5772
Menghitung panas penguapan

0, 38
H v 2 =H v 1 [ TcT
Tc Tb ] T= 300.2950 K
Komponen kmol Hv1 TC TB Hv2 Q = m* Hv2
C2H4O2 0.0060 28219 487.2 304.9 28430.9852 170.07
C2H7N 0.1453 26502 437.6 279.95 25146.3976 3654.85
C3H9N 0.2101 24116 433.2 275.55 22600.9811 4748.14
0.3614 8573.06
Bawah : T= 330.0346
C2H7N 0.0468 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06 4859.08
C3H9N 0.0306 47.960 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06 4539.62
C2H4O2 5.9773 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 3741.75
CH3OH 0.5813 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 2607.51
6.6360
Beban panas reboiler = panas keluar atas +panas penguapan + panas produk bawah - panas umpan
= 9596.15 kJ
d. Neraca Panas di Striper
Tabel 2.9 Neraca Masa di Striper

Komponen
C2 H 4 O 2 20120.6387 1.5664 22365.6449
CH3OH 1363.2553 1515.7919
C2 H 7 N 906.3453 49.1490 227.4212
C3 H 9 N 951.2566 66.0854 138.9358
sub total 23341.4959 116.8008 24247.7937
Total 32937.6505 32937.6505
B C D
1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05
4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05
1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05
K
Q =m CpdT
752123.67
2729.12
4419.30
759272.09
K
Q =m CpdT
859.7479
303.2326
632562.5540
26885.7563
660611.2908
K
Q =m CpdT
63256.26
418105.83
2864.11
3032.35
4419.30
724823.83
1216501.67
27939.9768242 kg/jam
2.7 atm
2052 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
3.3017 0.1667
1.5790 0.7669
5.9895 0.0104
6.4918 0.0127
0.4632 0.0027
0.0896 0.0407
1.0000
2052 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt xi =yi/Ki
10.1059 0.0050
7.0531 0.0689
15.9247 0.0001
16.7031 0.0001
2.4861 0.0023
0.4920 0.9236
1.0000
2052 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
0.9773 0.8347
0.3135 0.0260
2.0811 0.0617
2.3286 0.0776
1.0000
2052 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt xi =yi/Ki
1.1294 0.7562
0.3796 0.2186
2.3587 0.0126
2.6298 0.0127
1.0000
2052 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
3.7121 0.0020
1.8461 0.9428
0.5524 0.0034
0.1074 0.0519
1.0000
2052 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt xi =yi/Ki
10.4838 0.0001
7.4094 0.0689
2.6268 0.0023
0.5197 0.9287
1.0000
xi b
0.00054 LK
0.51068 HK
0.00000
0.00000
0.00612
0.48267
1.0000
K
Q=mCpdT
60339.36
399253.93
2728.81
2887.49
4230.75
692799.08
1162239.42
K
Q=mCpdT
24874.64
1682.81
1122.10
1178.88
28858.43
K
Q=mCpdT
645.61
422259.71
4503.20
739100.30
1166508.83
760 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
4.7815 0.0026
1.8612 0.9505
0.4895 0.0030
0.0911 0.0440
1.0000
760 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt xi =yi/Ki
14.5841 0.0000
8.2263 0.0621
2.6212 0.0023
0.5159 0.9356
1.0000
760 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
3.0051 0.0031
1.0054 0.9948
0.2430 0.0021
0.0434 0.0000
1.0000
760 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt xi =yi/Ki
3.0494 0.0003
1.0250 0.9654
0.2484 0.0343
0.0444 0.0211
1.0000
760 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
14.3970 0.0152
4.9098 0.0175
0.9718 0.9674
1.0000
760 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt xi =yi/Ki
14.7178 0.0001
5.0324 0.0007
0.9962 0.9992
1.0000
K
K
Q=mCpdT
406.08
267874.75
2918.11
472246.45
743445.38
K
Q=mCpdT
282.8143
187143.2662
1482.4541
331.2426
189239.7771
K
K
Q=mCpdT
639.06
1866.15
1103349.35
1105854.56
2.2 atm
1672 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
0.9747 0.8325
0.2924 0.0243
2.1345 0.0633
2.4005 0.0800
1.0000
1672 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
2.3282 0.0164
2.6120 0.0120
1.0777 0.9707
0.3340 0.0293
1.0000
1672 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt xi = yi/Ki
0.3808 0.0435
0.9494 0.4236
1.0907 0.5329
1.0000
1672 mmHg
Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
0.3711 0.0061
0.9285 0.3734
1.0674 0.6205
1.0000
K
Q=mCpdT
20120.64
1363.26
906.35
951.26
23341.50
K
Q=mCpdT
1.5664
49.1490
66.0854
116.80
K
Q=mCpdT
227.4212
138.9358
22365.6449
1515.7919
24247.7937
Data kapsitas panas gas :
Cp = A +BT + C T2 + DT3
Keterangan :
Cp = Kapasitas Panas (kJ/kmol K)
T = Suhu, K
CpdT = A (T -298) + B/2 (T2-2982) + C/3 (T3 - 2983) + D/4 (T4 - 2984)
komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06
CH3OH 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06
C2 H 7 N 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06
C3 H 9 N 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06
H 2O 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07
C3H7NO 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03 1.86E-06
komponen TC (K) TBP HV (J/mol) DHF (Kj/mol) DGF (Kj/mol) TBP

CH3OH 512.6 64.6 35278 -201.3 -162.62 337.75
H 2O 647.13 100 40683 -242 -228.77 373.15
C2 H 7 N 437.65 6.8 26502 -18.81 68.04 280.03
C3 H 9 N 433.25 2.4 24116 -23.86 98.98 276.02
C2H4O2 487.2 31.7 28219 -350.02 -297.39 304.9
C3H7NO 647 153 39410 -191.7 -88.41 426.15
ln Pi = A -B/(C+T), mmHg VICOSITAS CAIRAN

komponen A B C komponen A
CH3OH 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 C2H4O2 -8.0637
H 2O 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 CH3OH -9.0562
C2 H 7 N 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 C2 H 7 N -11.5558
C3 H 9 N 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 C3 H 9 N -3.9726
C2H4O2 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 H 2O -10.2158
C3H7NO 15.770 3147.7 -81.342 C3H7NO -5.329
DENSITAS
komponen A B n Tc
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58
C2 H 7 N 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65
C3 H 9 N 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25
H 2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
C3H7NO 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630 647.00
(A*(1-(T/TC)^N))*1000
hv1*((tc-t)/(tc-tb))^0.38
(A*(B^(-((1-T/TC)^N)))
10^(A+B/T+C*T+D*T^2)
A *(T -298) + B/2 *(T^2-298^2) + C/3 *(T^3 - 298^3) + D/4* (T^4 - 298^4)
a-(b/(t+c))
B C D
1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05
4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05
1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05
REAKTOR (R-01)
# Menghitung Tebal dinding Reaktor:

Dirancang menggunakan Carbon steel
Menentukan tebal shell :
P.r
ts= +C
( f . E0,6 . P)
Dalam hubungan ini :
ts = tebal shell
P = tekanan dalam vessel = 3.4000 atm
= 49.9800 psi
r = Jari-jari dalam vessel = 1.5333 m 120.7350
= 60.3675 in
= 5.0306 f
E = effisiensi penggelasan = 0.8500
C = faktor korosi = 0.1250 in
f = tegangan yang diijinkan
Coulson hal 254 diperoleh allowable stress 100N/mm 2
= 14507.772 psia
ts = 0.37027 in
digunakan tebal standar 3/8 in
# Menghitung ukuran Head :

Direncanakan bentuk head torispherical, bahan carbon steel
OD = ID + 2ts
= 121.4850 in = 126 in
Dari tabel 5.7. Hal 91 Brownell, untuk OD = 126 in, ts 3/8 in
icr = 7.625 in
r= 120 in 166
w=
1
4
= 1.7418
3+( )
r
icr
P .r . W
th = +C
2. f . E0,2 . P
= 0.5487 in
digunakan tebal standar 1 in
# Menghitung tinggi head
OD
icr b
OA
B A
r
sf
OD
icr b
OA
B A
r
sf
ID t
a
C
ID
a=
2
= 62.625 in
ID
AB= icr
2
= 55 in
BC = r irc
= 112.375 in
AC = (BC2- AB2)1/2
= 97.9956 in
b = r AC
= 68.0044 in
untuk tebal shell 3/8 in diambil sf = 3 in
tinggi head = th + b + Sf
= 74.0044 in = 1.8797 m 74.004425
diambil tinggi ruang kosong 0,3 m
jadi tinggi reaktor = 2x tinggi ruang kosong + 2 x tinggi head
= 4.3594 m 171.6308
# Menghitung Volume Reaktor
Volume Head
= p/4.(IDs3)
= 799.5132 f3
= 22.6397 m3
Volume Shell
= p/4.(ODs2).Ls
= 24.9253 m3
Volume Reaktor
= V shell + ( 2.V head)
= 70.2047 m3
= 18,546.1111 gal
# Menghitung tebal isolasi

Asumsi-asumsi yang diambil :
1. Suhu di dalam reaktor = 383.15 K= 110 o
C= 230 oF
2. Suhu udara luar 32C
R1 Q1
R2 Q2
R3
TW
Q3
T1 T2 T3
Keterangan :
R1 = jari-jari dalam reaktor
R2 = jari-jari luar reaktor
R3 = jari-jari penyekat
Tw = suhu udara
Q1 = Q2 = Q3
Q1 = laju panas yang ditransfer dari T2 ke TW
Q2 = laju panas yang ditransfer dari T2 ke T3
Q3 = laju panas yang ditransfer dari T3 ke TW
Bahan Isolasi adalah asbeston dengan konduktivitas

ka = 0.12 Btu / j,fF (Kern,1988)
Bahan dinding carbon steel dengan sifat fisis:
kb = 30 Btu / j,fF (Kern,1988)
Untuk menghitung tebal isolasi
Tw = 32 oC = 89.6 oF
L= 4.3594 m = 14.3026 f
R1 = 42 in = 3.5 f
R2 = 41.625 in = 3.47 f
T1 = Tout
T1 > T2 > Tw
Jika tanpa isolasi :
T2 > Tw
Qkonveksi = h A (T1 - Tw)
T 1T 2
Q konduksi =
Ln (R 2 /R1 )
2 x x kb x L
Dalam keadaan steady state
Qkonveksi = Qkonduksi = Q
T2 - Tw = Qkonveksi
hA
Q konduksi
T1 - T2 =
r2
ln
r1
2 x x kb x L
r2
T1 - Tw =
Q ( 1
+
ln
r1
hA 2 x x kb x L
)
T 1 T w
Q= r2
( 1
+
ln
r1
hA 2 x x kb x L
)
Q= 230 -89.6
0.0003711121 + 3.3283817E-06
Q = 374959.48844658 btu/jam
Dipasang isolasi
T3 = Tw
Q = Qkonduksi
Q =
T 1 T w
r2 r3
( ln
r1
2 x x kb x L
+
ln
r2
2 x x ka x L
)
374959.488 = 140.4
3.328E-06 + ln r3 -1.252763
10.778415 10.778415
1.24800829 + 34788 ln r3 -43581.12 = 140.4

-43579.868 + 34788 ln r3 = 140.4
ln r3 = 43720.268
34787.998
ln r3 = 1.256763
r3 = 3.514028
Tebal isolasi = 0.0140 f
= 0.4276 cm
PERANCANGAN MENARA DISTILASI-01
Kode : MD-01
Fungsi : Untuk memisahkan dimethylformamide dari campuran yang keluar dari reaktor
Jenis : Sieve Plate Tray
Neraca massa :
Umpan
Komponen kg/jm fraksi BM kmol fraksi
C2H4O2 362.9448 0.0582 60.053 6.0437 0.0505
CH3OH 1862.6578 0.2986 32.042 58.1318 0.4856
C2H7N 9.3633 0.0015 45.084 0.2077 0.0017
C3H9N 13.7982 0.0022 59.111 0.2334 0.0020
H2O 12.4184 0.0020 18.015 0.6893 0.0058
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.6375 73.095 54.3937 0.4544
6237.0878 1.0000 119.6996 1.0000
Atas
C2H4O2 359.3153 0.8958 60.053 5.9833 0.8541
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0464 32.042 0.5813 0.0830
C2H7N 9.3633 0.0233 45.084 0.2077 0.0296
C3H9N 13.7982 0.0344 59.111 0.2334 0.0333
401.1034 1.0000 7.0057 1.0000
Bawah
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0006 60.053 0.0604 0.0005
CH3OH 1844.0312 0.3160 32.042 57.5504 0.5107
H2O 12.4184 0.0021 18.015 0.6893 0.0061
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.6813 73.095 54.3937 0.4827
5835.9844 1.0000 112.6939 1.0000
Neraca massa total

Output
Komponen Input
Atas Bawah
C2H4O2 362.9448 359.3153 3.6294
CH3OH 1862.6578 18.6266 1844.0312
C2H7N 9.3633 9.3633
C3H9N 13.7982 13.7982
H2O 12.4184 12.4184
C3H7NO 3975.9054 3975.9054
401.1034 5835.9844
Total 6237.0878 6237.0878
Umpan T= 379.54 K P= 2052.0 mmhg
Bubble point : = 106.39 C
Komponen xi A B C ln Pi Pi Ki = Pi/Pt yi =ki.xi
C2H4O2 0.0505 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 8.8210 6775.0410 3.3017 0.1667
CH3OH 0.4856 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 8.0834 3240.1911 1.5790 0.7669
C2H7N 0.0017 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 9.4166 12290.5138 5.9895 0.0104
C3H9N 0.0020 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 9.4971 13321.0721 6.4918 0.0127
H2O 0.0058 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 6.8569 950.4444 0.4632 0.0027
C3H7NO 0.4544 15.77 3147.7 -81.342 5.2143 183.8793 0.0896 0.0407
1.0000 1.0000
Hasil Atas :
Bubble point : T= 333.4883 K P= 2052.0 mmhg
= 60.3383 C
C2H4O2 0.8541 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.6036 2005.4980 0.9773 0.8347
CH3OH 0.0830 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.4666 643.2984 0.3135 0.0260
C2H7N 0.0296 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 8.3595 4270.4303 2.0811 0.0617
C3H9N 0.0333 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 8.4719 4778.3524 2.3286 0.0776
1.0000 1.0000
Hasil Bawah :
Bubble point : T= 384.75 K P= 2052 mmhg
= 111.75 C
C2H4O2 0.0005 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 8.9382 7617.2768 3.7121 0.0020
CH3OH 0.5107 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 8.2397 3788.2416 1.8461 0.9428
H2O 0.0061 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 7.0332 1133.6253 0.5524 0.0034
C3H7NO 0.4827 15.77 3147.7 -81.342 5.3957 220.4497 0.1074 0.0519
1.0000 1.0000
Bubble point 379.54 333.49 384.75

LK C2H4O2
HK CH3OH
Umpan dalam keadaan bubble point, dimana q = 1
Menghitung rata-rata :
Ki
i
K komponenberat
Komponen Ki atas Ki bawah atas bawah i
C2H4O2 0.9773 3.7121 3.1175 2.0108 2.5641
CH3OH 0.3135 1.8461 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
C2H7N 2.0811 6.6383 3.3192
C3H9N 2.3286 7.4279 3.7139
H2O 0.5524 0.2992 0.1496
C3H7NO 0.1074 0.0582 0.0291
Selanjutnya dengan cara trial&error dicari (Konstanta Underwood)

(i x i, F )
1 q (Coulson & Richardson's, hal.465)
(i )
Umpan cair jenuh, q = 1
Komponen Fraksi Umpan i i. Xif i - i i.xid/(a-i)
C2H4O2 0.0505 2.5641 0.1295 0.3317 0.3903
CH3OH 0.4856 1.0000 0.4856 -1.2324 -0.3941
C2H7N 0.0017 3.3192 0.0058 1.0867 0.0053
C3H9N 0.0020 3.7139 0.0072 1.4815 0.0049
H2O 0.0058 0.1496 0.0009 -2.0828 -0.0004
C3H7NO 0.4544 0.0291 0.0132 -2.2033 -0.0060
0.0000
Trial = 2.2324
Menentukan Rmin :
i x i, D
Rm 1
i
Menghitung Refluks Ratio (Coulson & Richardson's, hal 470)
Komponen Fraksi atas i i. Xid i - i Rmin + 1
C2H4O2 0.8541 2.5641 2.1899 0.3317 6.6017
CH3OH 0.0830 1.0000 0.0830 -1.2324 -0.0673
C2H7N 0.0296 3.3192 0.0984 1.0867 0.0905
C3H9N 0.0333 3.7139 0.1237 1.4815 0.0835
1.0000 6.7084
Rmin + 1 = 6.7084
Rmin = 5.7084
Roperasi = 5.7084 x 1.3
= 7.4210
Rmin/Rmin+1 = 0.8509
Rop/Rop+1 = 0.8812
*) Menentukan jumlah plate
a. Menghitung Plate Minimum dengan Metode Fenske Equetion
Nm=
log
[ ][ ]
x LK
x HK d
x HK
x LK b (Coulson & Richardsons,hal 469)
log LK
XLK bottom = 0.0005
XHK bottom = 0.5107
LK
= 2.5641
sehingga:
Nm = 9.7600
b.Menentukan Jumlah Plate ideal :

(R-Rm)/(R+1) = 0.2034 > 0.125
2 3
SSm RRm RRm RRm
( S+1 )
=0,62570,9868
R +1
+0,5160
R+1(0,1738 )
R +1 ( ) ( )
S = N = Jumlah plate teoritis
Sm = Nm = 9.7600 0.4448979
S Sm
0.4449
S 1
S-Sm = 0.4449 (S+1)
0.5551 S = 10.2049
S = 18.3838
S = N = 20 stage
*) Menghitung viskositas campuran
Log = A + B/T + CT + DT2
T = 379.54 K
Komponen A B C D , cp fr.umpan .x
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05 0.1662 0.0505 0.00839
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 0.2254 0.4856 0.10945
C2H7N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05 0.0955 0.0017 0.00017
C3H9N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05 0.0819 0.0020 0.00016
H2O -10.2158 1.7925E+03 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-05 0.2611 0.0058 0.00150
C3H7NO -5.3292 8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05 0.3842 0.4544 0.17458
1.0000 0.2943
(Carl L Yaws, 1999)
*) Menghitung efisiensi
= 0.2943
(LK) = 2.5641
x= 0.7545
dari fig 11.13 coulson hal 492
= 57.00 %
*) Menghitung plate aktual
N
N act = (Coulson, 1993 : 489)
Eo
= 33.3333 = 34 stage
[( )( )( )]
2
x f , HK x b , LK
log [ ]
Nr
Ns
=0, 206 log
B
D x f , LK x d , HK
(Coulson & Richardson's, hal 471)
dimana :
data : Nr = jumlah stages atas (rectifying)
B = 112.6939 kmol Ns = jumlah stages bawah (stripping)
D = 7.0057 kmol B = laju alir Bottom
xf,HK = 0.4856 D = laju alir distilat
xf,LK = 0.0505 xf,HK = consentrasi umpan untuk heavy key
xb,LK = 0.0005 xf,LK = consentrasi umpan untuk light key
xd,HK = 0.0830 xb,LK = consentrasi bottom untuk light key
log(Nr/Ns) = -0.45105 xd,HK = consentrasi distilat untuk heavyt key
Nr/Ns = 0.3540
Nr+Ns = 19 , Karena termasuk reboiler maka Nr + Ns = N - 1
Ns = 14.0329 (bawah)
Nr = 4.9671 (atas)
jumlah plate seksi stripping (bawah) = 24.6192 buah 25 buah
jumlah plate seksi enriching (atas) = 8.7142 buah 9 buah
*) Menentukan dimensi kolom
Kondisi Atas Menara
Menghitung densitas pada kondisi operasi puncak menara bubble point
Kondisi operasi puncak P = 2.7 atm;T = 333.49 K 2.7000 atm
Density = A. B (1-T/Tc) ^ n
T= 60.49 C 333.49 K
Komponen A B n Tc , kg/m3
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 912.8126
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 753.5882 (A*(B^(-((1-T/TC)^N)))
C2H7N 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65 606.6586
C3H9N 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25 581.6777
2854.7370
Komponen fraksi atas BM BM . x (kg/m3) .x

C2H4O2 0.8541 60.053 51.2887 912.8126 779.5948
CH3OH 0.0830 32.042 2.6588 753.5882 62.5308
C2H7N 0.0296 45.084 1.3365 606.6586 17.9845
C3H9N 0.0333 59.111 1.9696 581.6777 19.3813
1.0000 57.2536 879.4913
BM camp. = 57.2536
cairan = 879.4913 kg/m3
Menghitung uap :
BMxP
RxT
BMxP
gas = , R = 82.06 atm.L/gmol.K
RxT
= 154.5847
27366.0495
= 0.0056 kg/dm3
= 5.6488 kg/m3
= 0.3526 lb/f3
*) Menghitung Flv
L = Rop x D
V = (Rop+ 1)xD
Rop = 7.4210
D = 7.0057 kmol
L = 51.9894 kmol
= 0.8268 kg/dt
V= 58.9951 kmol
= 0.9382 kg/dt
F LV =
FLV = 0.0706
L
V V
L (Coulson and Richardson, hal 509)
*) Menghitung tegangan muka ( )

Menghitung tegangan muka pada kondisi puncak menara bubble point
= A.(1-T/Tc) ^ n T= 333.49 K
Komponen fraksi atas A Tc n , dynes/cm , N/m ,x N/m
C2H4O2 0.8541 43.997 487.200 0.453 26.0897 0.0261 0.02228
CH3OH 0.0830 52.723 512.580 0.377 35.4674 0.0355 0.00294
C2H7N 0.0296 41.070 437.650 0.424 22.3458 0.0223 0.00066
C3H9N 0.0333 34.600 433.250 0.384 19.6866 0.0197 0.00066
1.0000 0.02654
*) Menghitung kecepatan flooding(Uf)

Dari fig 11,27 Coulson and Richardson hal 509
FLV = 0.0706
Menggunakan plate spacing 0,45 m
K1 = 0.082
0,2

K 1 =K '
=
( )
0,02
0.0868
Uf = K1
=
L V
V
1.0793 m/dt
( Coulson and Richardson, hal 509)
Dirancang flooding maximum 60 % (Coulson and Richardson hal 509)

Uv = 1.0793 x 60 %
= 0.6476 m/dt
*) Menghitung luas area bebas untuk aliran uap (An)

Q
An=
UV
An = Luas permukaan aktif
Q = Laju alir volumetrik
v
Q=

v
Q=

= 0.1661 m3/dt
An = 0.2565 m2
AT = AD + An
Dimana :
AT = Luas permukaan total
AD = Luas permukaan down comer,12%
AT = AD + An
AT = 0,12AT + 0.2565
AT = 0.2915
D=
=
4 . AT

0.6093 m
= 23.9898 in
*) Menentukan luas down comer

Luas down comer sebesar 12 % dari luas penampang kolom :
AD = 0,12 AT
= 0.0350 m2
Kondisi Bawah Menara

Menghitung densitas pada kondisi operasi bawah menara bubble point
Kondisi operasi bawah P = 2.7 atm;T = 384.75 K
T= 111.75 C 384.75 K
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 822.2644
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 697.7074
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 943.7915
C3H7NO 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630 647.00 860.0148
3323.7781
Komponen fraksi bawah BM BM . x (kg/m3) .x

C2H4O2 0.0005 60.053 0.0322 822.2644 0.4410
CH3OH 0.5107 32.042 16.3632 697.7074 356.3048
H2O 0.0061 18.015 0.1102 943.7915 5.7731
C3H7NO 0.4827 73.095 35.2806 860.0148 415.1011
1.0000 51.7862 777.6199
BM camp = 51.7862
cairan = 777.6199 kg/m3
Menghitung uap :
gas = BMxP , R = 82.06 atm.cm3/gmol.K

RxT
= 139.8227
31572.9420
= 0.0044 kg/dm3
= 4.4286 kg/m3
= 0.2765 lb/f3
*) Menghitung Flv
F= 119.6996 kmol
D= 7.0057 kmol
B= 112.6939 kmol
Rop = 7.4210
L = F + (R x D)
V = L+B
L= 171.6890 kmol
= 2.4698 kg/dt
V= 284.3829 kmol
= 4.0909 kg/dt
F LV =
FLV = 0.0456

L V
V L
(Coulson and Richardson, hal 510)
*) Menghitung tegangan muka (s)

Menghitung tegangan muka pada kondisi dasar menara bubble point
= A.(1-T/Tc) ^ n T= 384.75 K
Komponen fraksi bawah A Tc n , dynes/cm , N/m ,x N/m
C2H4O2 0.0005 43.997 487.200 0.453 21.7093 0.0217 0.00001
CH3OH 0.5107 52.723 512.580 0.377 31.2331 0.0312 0.01595
H2O 0.0061 52.053 647.130 0.321 38.9576 0.0390 0.00024
C3H7NO 0.4827 59.355 647.000 0.381 42.0756 0.0421 0.02031
1.0000 0.03651
*) Menghitung kecepatan flooding (Uf)

FLV = 0.0456
K1 = 0.079
0,2

K 1 =K '
=
0, 02( )
0.0891 0.1156
Uf = K1
=
L V ( Coulson and Richardson, hal 509)
V
1.17737 m/dt
Uv = 1.1774 x 60%
= 0.7064 m/dt

Q
An=
UV
v
Q=
=
0.9237 m3/dt
An = 1.3076 m2
AT = AD + An
Dimana :
AT = AD+An
AT = 0,12AT + 1.3076
AT = 1.4860
=
D=
4 . AT

1.3758 m
= 54.1670 in
AD = 0,12 AT
= 0.1783 m2
*) Menentukan tebal shell (ts)
Dirancang menggunakan stainless steel
P .r
ts= +C (Pers. 13.1, Brownell & young, 1959; hal 254)
( f . E0,6. P)
ts = tebal shell
P = tekanan dalam vessel = 43.7 psia (1 atm) ====>>> Over design tekanan operasi = 1.1 P operasi (1.1-1.2)
r = Jari-jari dalam menara = 27.0835 in
f = Allowable stress, = 100 N/mm2 (Table 7.6 Caulson hal. 254) = 14507.7720 psia
Sehingga :
ts = 0.2211 in
maka digunakan tebal shell standar = 4/16 in ===> tabel 5.6 (Brownell, 1959 : 88)
*) Menentukan tebal head (th)
OD = ID + 2ts
= 54.6670 in
Dari tabel 5-7 Brownell hal 90, untuk OD
OD standart = 48 in
ts = 4/16 in
icr = 3 in
r= 48 in
1
w= 3+
4
r
( )
icr
= 1.7500
Sehingga :
P .r . W (Pers. 7.77, Brownell & young, 1959; hal 138)
th = +C
2. f . E0,2 . P ID = OD standart - (2*ts)
= 0.2738 in
maka digunakan tebal head (th) standar = 5/16 in a= ID (jari-jari dalam shell)
*) Menghitung tinggi head 2
= 23.75 in
ID
AB = - icr
2
= 20.7500 in
BC = r irc
= 45.0000 in
AC = (BC2- AB2)1/2
= 39.9304 in
b = r AC
= 8.0696 in
keterangan :
ID = diameter dalam head
OD = diameter luar head
t = tebal head
r = jari-jari dish
icr = jari-jari dalam sudut dish
b = tinggi head
sf = straight flange
untuk th = 5/16 in pada tabel 5.6 Brownell & young, hal 88 diperoleh sf = 1 1/2 - 3
diambil sf = 2
tinggi haed =th + b + sf = 10.3821 in
= 0.2637 m
*) Menghitung tinggi MD
H =OA(top)+ OA(bottom) + (n-1) x t + tinggi ruang kosong
H = tinggi menara
OA = tinggi head
n = jumlah tray
t = tray spacing : 0,45 m : 17.7165 in
tinggi ruang kosong diambil : 16 in
H= 637.4099 in
= 16.1902 m
Tinggi Stripping :
451.5789 in
11.4701 m
*) Mengecek weeping
Diameter (Dc) = 1.3758 m
Luas area (AT) = 1.4860 m2
Downcomer area (Ad) = 0.1783 m2
Net area (An) = AT -Ad = 1.3076 m2
Active area (Aa) = AT2Ad = = 1.1293 m2
Hole Area(Ah) = 10 % Aa = 0.1129 m2
Menentukan weir length (Iw) : ( Dari fig.11.31, hal 514, Coulson & Rhicardson)
Diketahui :
Ad
= 0.12 m diperoleh Iw/Dc = 0.76
AT
Maka besarnya weir length = 0,76 x Dc
= 0.76 x 1.3758
Iw = 1.0456 m
Diambil weir height = 50 mm

Diameter hole = 5 mm
Plate thickness = 5 mm (Coulson, 1993 : 523)
Kecepatan maksimum laju alir cairan = 4.0909 kg/dt
Minimal kecepatan cairan (Lw) = 70% turn-down = 0.7 x 4.0909 kg/dt
= 2.8636 kg/dt
2
Maximum how = 750
[ ]
Lw
L Ad
2
3 = 56.4547
Minimum how = 750

[ ]
Lw
L lw
3
= 17.3608
Laju minimum = ho + how = 50 + 17.3608

= 67.3608 mm liquid
Dari fig 11,30 coulson hal 512, diperoleh K 2 = 30.6

uh =
[ K 2 0, 90 ( 25 , 4 d h ) ]
1
( v ) 2

uh =
[ K 2 0, 90 ( 25 , 4 d h ) ]
1
( v ) 2
= 5.8163 m3/dt
minimal kecepatan gas aktual = kecepatan minimum gas
Ah
= 0,7 x 0.9237
0.1129
= 5.7257 m3/dt
*) Menghitung Pressure drop plate

Pt = 9.81 x 10-3 ht. L
Pt = Total pressure drop plate (Pa = N/m2)
ht = Total pressure drop plate, mm Liquid
ht = hd + (hw + how) + hr
hd = Dry plate drop
hd = 51
[ ]
uh V
Co L
, Ah/Ap Ah/Aa = 10 shg diperoleh Co = 0.84 dari Fig. 11.34 (Coulson, 1993 : 517)
= 2.0111 mm liquid
3
hr = 12. 5 x 10
L
= 16.0747 mm liquid
ht = 85.4466 mm liquid
Pt = 651.8255 Pa
= 0.6518 kPa
= 0.0064 atm
KESIMPULAN :
Jenis = Sieve Plate Tray Kondisi atas =
Bahan = Stainless steel FLV = 0.0706
Tinggi MD-01 = 16.1902 m Uf = 1.0793 m/dt
Jumlah plate minimum = 9.7600 stage An = 0.2565 m2
Jumlah plate ideal = 20 stage AD = 0.0350 m2
Jumlah plate aktual = 34 stage Kondisi bawah =
Seksi stripping (bawah) = 25 buah FLV = 0.0456
Seksi enriching (atas) = 9 buah Uf = 1.17737 m/dt
Diameter atas = 0.6093 m An = 1.3076 m2
Diameter bawah = = 1.3758 m AD = 0.1783 m2
Diambil Diameter MD-01 = 0.9926 m
Pt = 0.0064 atm
Umpan masuk = tray nomer : 24
637.4099
23.9898
54.1670
Ant A Ant B Ant C
C2H4O2 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6
CH3OH 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29
C2H7N 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13
C3H9N 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15
H2O 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13
C3H7NO 15.77 3147.7 -81.342
Dew point : T= 325.59 P= 1 atm

= 52.59 C
Komponen yi A B C
C2H4O2 0.8541 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6
CH3OH 0.0830 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29
C2H7N 0.0296 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13
C3H9N 0.0333 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15
1.0000
ln Pi Pi Ki = Pi/Pt xi =yi/ki
7.3550 2.0579 2.0579 0.4150
6.1379 0.6093 0.6093 0.1362
8.1444 4.5318 4.5318 0.0065
8.2629 5.1015 5.1015 0.0065
0.5643
Dew point : T= 402.61 P= 1 atm

= 129.61 C
Komponen yi A B C
C2H4O2 0.0005 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6
CH3OH 0.5107 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29
H2O 0.0061 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13
C3H7NO 0.4827 15.77 3147.7 -81.342
1.0000
9.3137 14.5904 14.5904 0.0000
8.7412 8.2311 8.2311 0.0620
7.5976 2.6229 2.6229 0.0023
5.9722 0.5163 0.5163 0.9349
0.9993
STRIPPER (St-01)
1. Fungsi : Memurnikan campuran methylformate dari impuritasnya untuk di recycle ke reaktor

2. Asumsi :
1. Kondisi operasi adiabatic
2. Tidak terjadi reaksi kimia selama operasi
3. Kondisi gas ideal
Jenis : Menara bahan isian (packed towers).

Arah aliran : counter current (lawan arah)
3. Kondisi operasi :
P= 2.2 atm = 1672 mmHg
T= 53.7167 oC = 326.8667 K
G2
Gs
Y2
y2
L2
Ls
X2
x2
G1
Gs
L1
Y1
Ls
y1
X1
x1
Umpan masuk
C2H4O2 359.3153 0.8958 60.053 5.9833 0.8541 31.7
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0464 32.042 0.5813 0.0830 64.6
C2H7N 9.3633 0.0233 45.084 0.2077 0.0296 6.9
C3H9N 13.7982 0.0344 59.111 0.2334 0.0333 2.87
Total 401.1034 1.0000 7.0057 1.0000
Atas :
C2H4O2 0.3592 0.0186 60.053 0.0060 0.0166
C2H7N 6.5526 0.3390 45.084 0.1453 0.4022
C3H9N 12.4184 0.6424 59.111 0.2101 0.5813
19.3302 1.0000 0.3614 1.0000
bawah :
C2H7N 2.8107 0.0074 0.0623 0.0094
C3H9N 1.3798 0.0036 0.0233 0.0035
C2H4O2 358.9561 0.9402 60.053 5.9773 0.8996
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0488 32.042 0.5813 0.0875
381.7732 1.0000 6.6443 1.0000
a. Kondisi oprasi Umpan (bubble point)

T = 326.8667 K P = 2.2 atm
53.7167 C 128.6900 F 1672 mmHg
komponen %mol A B C ln Pi Pi Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
C2H4O2 0.8541 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.3962 1629.7408 0.9747 0.8325
CH3OH 0.0830 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.1923 488.9633 0.2924 0.0243
C2H7N 0.0296 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 8.1800 3568.9583 2.1345 0.0633
C3H9N 0.0333 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 8.2974 4013.6117 2.4005 0.0800
Total 1.0000 1.0000
b. Kondisi oprasi Atas (dew point)

T = 300.2949498854 K P = 2.2 atm
27.1449 C 80.86090979 F 1672 mmHg
komponen %mol A B C ln Pi Pi Ki=Pi/Pt xi =yi/Ki
C2H4O2 0.0166 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 6.4564 636.7523 0.3808 0.0435
C2H7N 0.4022 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 7.3698 1587.3451 0.9494 0.4236
C3H9N 0.5813 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 7.5086 1823.7100 1.0907 0.5329
Total 1.0000 1.0000
c. Kondisi oprasi Bawah (bubble point)
T = 329.1064 K P = 2.2 atm
55.9564 C 132.7216084 F 1672 mmHg
komponen %mol A B C ln Pi Pi Ki=Pi/Pt yi =Ki xi
C2H7N 0.0094 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 8.2416 3795.7225 2.2702 0.0213
C3H9N 0.0035 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 8.3573 4261.3060 2.5486 0.0090
C2H4O2 0.8996 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.4674 1750.0984 1.0467 0.9416
CH3OH 0.0875 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.2865 537.2462 0.3213 0.0281
Total 1.0000 1.0000
1. Menghitung densitas, dan kecepatan laju alir volumetrik
Density = A. B (1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 326.8667 K

komponen A B n Tc (kg/m3)
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 923.41456743
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 760.14390109
C2H7N 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65 615.3421648
C3H9N 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25 591.02860332
Log = A+B/T+CT+CT2 T = 326.8667 K

komponen A B C D , cp
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05 2.55E-01
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 3.82E-01
C2H7N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05 1.54E-01
C3H9N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05 1.38E-01
Menghitung Densitas dan viskositas umpan :

Komponen %mol BM BM.(x) , kg/m3 .x .x
C2H4O2 0.8541 60.053 51.2887 923.4146 788.6495 0.2552 0.2179
CH3OH 0.0830 32.042 2.6588 760.1439 63.0747 0.3822 0.0317
C2H7N 0.0296 45.084 1.3365 615.3422 18.2419 0.1536 0.0046
C3H9N 0.0333 59.111 1.9696 591.0286 19.6928 0.1380 0.0046
Total 1.0000 57.2536 889.6590 0.2588
Menghitung beban panas stripper :

Dari Neraca panas :
9596.15 Kj = 9095.36387 Btu
Mencari jumlah steam yang dibutuhkan :
Kecepatan gas (V) :
= 19.3302 kg/jam
= 0.00537 kg/dt
= 0.3614 kmol/jam
= 0.0001 kmol/dt
Kecepatan cairan (L) :

= 381.7732 kg/jam
= 0.10605 kg/dt
= 6.6443 kmol/jam
= 0.0018456 kmol/dt
BM rata-rata 57.2536
rata-rata :
= 889.6590 kg/m3
= 55.53774 lb/f3
BM P
gas=
RT
= 57.2536 x 2.2
82.63 x 326.8667
= 0.00466 kg/dm3
= 4.6636 kg/m3
= 0.2911 lb/f3
= 0.25878 cP
= 0.0002 lb/f dt
Menghitung liquid vapour factor

0,5
L g
Flv =
V L ( )
= 0.10605 4.6636 . 0,5
0.00537 889.6590
= 1.42993
Dari fig 367, Brown, hal 362 diperoleh :

2
G g a
L0,2
L gc ( )
3
= 0.01
Dengan menggunakan rashing ring 1 untuk packed tower diperoleh :
a = 185(Brown, hal 362)

3
gc = 4,1698 ,108 lb,f/lbf ,j2
Maka : 0 .5
[ ]
gc . L
0,19 x
Gf = g.
( a )
3
0,2
= 1034.3159 lb/jam. f2
Untuk flooding 60 %
G = 0,6 x 1034.3159 lb/jam.f2
= 827.4527 lb/jam.f2
= 0.22985 lb/detik. f2
= 1.1220 kg/dt m2
Laju alir massa :
= 401.1034 kg/jam
= 0.11142 kg/dt
Laju umpan
Luas area =
G'
= 0.11142
1.1220
= 0.09930 m2 V = 0.6008349185 m3
A = 2
D
4
D = 0.3557 m
= 14.00254 in
Menghitung tinggi packing

Z = NtoL. HtoL (Treyball hal 308)
Dimana : X1
1 + X1
dX
NtoL (jumlah transfer unit) = + 0,5 ln 1 +X
X 2 X X 2
HtoL (tinggi transfer unit) = L L L

= =
F OL a Kxa ( 1x ) M K L ac ( 1 x ) M
3) Menghitung harga NtoL
Persamaan garis setimbang, (Treybal hal 287) :

y P C3H9N x
1+ y
=
P
t
1+ x( )
Pt y
x

=
P C3H9N
( )
1+ y
( 1+ x )
Pt = 2.2 atm
= 222926 N/m2
Po C3H9N = 4013.6117 mmHg
=
535014.4372 N/m2
P
y
pt

x (Fraksi mol umpan C3H9N)
P* = P x
= 222926 x 0.0333
= 7427.8 N/m 2
Y
=
1+Y 7427.8 X

222926 1+ X
Y
1+Y
X
= 0.0333
1+ X
X
Y* = 0.0333 (1+Y*)
1 X
[ ]
0.0333 X X
1 = 0.0333
1 X
1+X
0,0333 X
1+ X
Y* =
[ 1
0,0333 X
1+ X ]
X
1+ X

Y

P o Treybal hal 287
( 1+ Y ) = Pt

X
Y
= 7427.8
( )
1+ X

222926 1+ Y

Y
X* = 0.0333 ( 1+ Y )
( 1+ X )
0 . 0333 X
1+ X
Y* =
[ 1
0 . 0333 X
1+ X ]
Fraksi mol cair :
Mol solut keluar = 0.0035
x 1=
Mol cairan
Mol solut umpan

x 2=
Mol cairan
Mol solut umpan = 0.0333
x 2=
Mol cairan
x1 x1
X 1= X 2=
1x 1 1 x 1
= 0.0035 = 0.0333
0.9965 0.9667
= 0.0035 = 0.0345
Menghitung X dan Y : 0.002210178

y x
Y= ; X= (Hal 283, Treybal)
1 y 1x
X Y* X* 1/X-X* Simp's rule
0.0035 0.0025963 0.0019 621.09 1 621.09
0.0057 0.0042214 0.0031 381.77 4 1527.06
0.0079 0.0058447 0.0043 275.58 2 551.15
0.0102 0.0074661 0.0055 215.60 4 862.42
0.0124 0.0090856 0.0067 177.07 2 354.14
0.0146 0.0107033 0.0079 150.22 4 600.89
0.0168 0.0123190 0.0091 130.44 2 260.89
0.0190 0.0139330 0.0103 115.27 4 461.07
0.0212 0.0155450 0.0115 103.25 2 206.51
0.0234 0.0171552 0.0127 93.51 4 374.03
0.0256 0.0187635 0.0139 85.44 2 170.89
0.0278 0.0203699 0.0151 78.66 4 314.64
0.0300 0.0219746 0.0163 72.87 2 145.75
0.0323 0.0235773 0.0175 67.88 4 271.52
0.0345 0.0251782 0.0187 63.53 1 63.53
6785.58
Dengan menggunakan metode Simpsons, maka :

x1
dX
X X
=
X
3
6785.5791
x2
= 0.0022 6785.5791
3
= 4.99911
X1
1 + X1
NtoL = dX
X X
+ 0,5 ln
1 + X2
X2
= 4.99911 , + 0,5 ln 1 + 0.00353

1 + 0.03447
= 2.15831
3) Menghitung HtoL
Tinggi HtoL untuk menara isian 1 ft = 0.3048 m
Z = NtoL. HtoL
Tinggi packing :
= 2.15831 + 0.3048
= 2.46311 m 96.9728009
Menentukan tebal shell (ts)
Dirancang menggunakan Carbon steel
P .r
ts= +C
( f . E0,6 . P)
ts = tebal shell
P = tekanan dalam vessel = 32.34 psi
r = Jari-jari dalam vessel = 14.003 in
E = effisiensi pengelasan = 0.85
f =Allowable stress, = 130 N/mm (Table 7.6 Coulson hal. 254)
2
f = tegangan yang diijinkan = 18859.173 psia

ts = 0.15328 in
digunakan tebal standar 3/16 in 0.1875
Menentukan tebal head(th)

OD = ID + 2ts
= 14.3775 in = 22 in
Dari tabel 5-7 Brownell,untuk OD = 22 in, ts=5/8 in
icr = 1.125 in
r= 20 in
w=
1
4( )
3+
r
icr
= 1.8041
P .r . W
th = +C
2. f . E0,2 . P
= 0.1614 in
Menghitung tinggi head
OD
b
OA
icr
B A
sf
ID t
a
ID
a=
2
= 10.8125 in
ID
AB= icr
2
= 9.6875 in
BC = r irc
= 18.875 in
AC = (BC2- AB2)1/2
= 16.1993 in
b = r AC
= 3.8007 in
untuk tebal shell 1 in diambil sf = 2in
tinggi head = th + b + Sf
= 6.0507 in
= 0.15369 m
Tinggi ruang puncak = 0,4 m
Tinggi ruang bawah = 0,6 m
inggi Stripper = Tinggi packing + (2x tinggi head) + Tinggi ruang kosong
= 2.46311 +2 x 0.15369 + (0,4 + 0,6 )
= 3.77048 m
148.4442396
PERANCANGAN MENARA DISTILASI-02
Kode : MD-02
Fungsi : Untuk memurnikan produk yang keluar dari MD-01 agar sesuai dengan spesifikasi produk
Jenis : Sieve plat tray
Neraca massa :
Umpan
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0006 60.053 0.0604 0.0005
CH3OH 1844.0312 0.3160 32.042 57.5504 0.5107
H2O 12.4184 0.0021 18.015 0.6893 0.0061
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.6813 73.095 54.3937 0.4827
5835.9844 1.0000 112.6939 1.0000
Atas
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0020 60.053 0.0604 0.0010
CH3OH 1842.1872 0.9911 32.042 57.4929 0.9895
H2O 8.9192 0.0048 18.015 0.4951 0.0085
C3H7NO 3.9759 0.0021 73.095 0.0544 0.0009
1858.7117 1.0000 58.1028 1.0000
Bawah
CH3OH 1.8440 0.0005 32.042 0.0576 0.0011
H2O 3.4992 0.0009 18.015 0.1942 0.0036
C3H7NO 3971.9295 0.9987 73.095 54.3393 0.9954
3977.2727 1.0000 54.5911 1.0000
Neraca massa total
Komponen Input Output
Atas Bawah
C2H4O2 3.6294 3.6294
CH3OH 1844.0312 1842.1872 1.8440
H2O 12.4184 8.9192 3.4992
C3H7NO 3975.9054 3.9759 3971.9295
1858.7117 3977.2727
Total 5835.9844 5835.9844
Umpan T= 354.29 K P= 760 mmHg

Bubble point : = 81.14 C 1 atm
Komponen xi A B C ln Pi
C2H4O2 0.0005 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 8.1981
CH3OH 0.5107 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 7.2545
H2O 0.0061 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 5.9190
C3H7NO 0.4827 15.77 3147.7 -81.342 4.2378
1.0000
Hasil Atas :
Bubble point : T= 337.80 K P= 760 mmHg
= 64.80 C
C2H4O2 0.0010 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.7336
CH3OH 0.9895 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.6386
H2O 0.0085 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 5.2186
C3H7NO 0.0009 15.77 3147.7 -81.342 3.4960
1.0000
Hasil Bawah T= 424.78 K P= 760 mmHg

Bubble point : = 151.78 C
CH3OH 0.0011 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 9.3003
H2O 0.0036 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 8.2245
C3H7NO 0.9954 15.77 3147.7 -81.342 6.6047
1.0000
Bubble point 354.2898 337.7954 424.7805

LK CH3OH
HK C3H7NO
Umpan dalam keadaan bubble point, dimana q = 1
Menghitung rata-rata :
Ki
i
K komponen berat
Komponen Ki atas Ki bawah atas bawah i

C2H4O2 3.0050 69.2392 34.6196
CH3OH 1.0053 14.3970 23.1636 14.8142 18.9889
H2O 0.2430 4.9098 5.5989 5.0520 5.3255
C3H7NO 0.0434 0.9718 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Selanjutnya dengan cara trial&error dicari (Konstanta Underwood)

(Coulson & Richardson's, hal.465)
Umpan cair jenuh, q = 1

q = 1.8389
komponen frak ump ai ai.xi ai - q
( ix i )
( i )
C2H4O2 0.0005 34.6196 0.0186 32.7807 0.0006

CH3OH 0.5107 18.9889 9.6972 17.1500 0.5654
H2O 0.0061 5.3255 0.0326 3.4866 0.0093
C3H7NO 0.4827 1.0000 0.4827 -0.8389 -0.5753
1.0000 0.0000
Menentukan Rmin :
i x i, d
=R m+1
i
Menghitung Refluks Ratio (Coulson & Richardson's, hal 470)
Komponen Fraksi atas i i. Xid i - i Rmin + 1
C2H4O2 0.0010 34.6196 0.0360 32.7807 0.0011
CH3OH 0.9895 18.9889 18.7896 17.1500 1.0956
H2O 0.0085 5.3255 0.0454 3.4866 0.0130
C3H7NO 0.0009 1.0000 9.4E-04 -0.8389 -0.0011
1.0000 1.1086
Rmin + 1 = 1.1086
Rmin = 0.1086
Roperasi = 0.1086 x 1.3
= 0.1412
Rmin/Rmin+1 = 0.0980
Rop/Rop+1 = 0.1237
*) Menentukan jumlah plate

a. Menghitung Plate Minimum dengan Metode Fenske Equetion
Nm=
log
[ x LK
x HK ][
d
x HK
x LK ] b
log LK
Nm=
log
[ x LK
x HK ][
d
x HK
x LK ] b
(Coulson & Richardsons,hal 469)
log LK

XLK bottom = 0.0011
XHK bottom = 0.9954
LK = 18.9889
sehingga:
Nm = 4.6923
b.Menentukan Jumlah Plate ideal :

(R-Rm)/(R+1) = 0.0285 < 0.125
S - Sm R - Rm R - Rm
S +1
= 0.5039-0.5968
R+ 1 (
- 0.0908 Log
R+1) ( )
S=N= Jumlah plate teoritis
Sm = Nm = 4.6923
SSm
( S+1
S-Sm =
= ) 0.6271
0.6271 (S+1)
0.3729 S = 9.3846
S = 25.1661905
S = N = 25 stage
*) Menghitung viskositas campuran

T = 354.29 K
Komponen A B C D , cp
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05 0.2041
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 0.2880
H2O -10.2158 1.7925E+03 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-05 0.3465
C3H7NO -5.3292 8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05 0.4710
*) Menghitung efisiensi
Eo=1761 , 1 log ( F,avg )
= 43 %
*) Menghitung plate aktual
N
N act =
Eo
N
N act = (Coulson, 1993 : 489)
Eo
= 55.9286
= 56 stage
dimana :
[( )( )( ) ]
2
x f , HK x b , LK
Nr
[ ] B Nr = jumlah stages atas (rectifying)
log =0, 206 log Ns = jumlah stages bawah (stripping)
Ns D x f , LK x d , HK B = laju alir Bottom
D = laju alir distilat
(Coulson & Richardson's, hal 471) xf,HK = consentrasi umpan untuk heavy
xf,LK = consentrasi umpan untuk light k
data : xb,LK = consentrasi bottom untuk light
B = 54.5911 kmol xd,HK = consentrasi distilat untuk heavy
D = 58.1028 kmol
xf,HK = 0.4827
xf,LK = 0.5107
xb,LK = 0.0011
xd,HK = 0.9954
log(Nr/Ns) = -1.23635
Nr/Ns = 0.0580
Nr+Ns = 24 , Karena termasuk reboiler maka Nr + Ns = N - 1
Ns = 22.6837 (bawah)
Nr = 1.3163 (atas)
jumlah plate seksi stripping (bawah) = 52.8611 buah 53
jumlah plate seksi enriching (atas) = 3.0675 buah 3
*) Menentukan dimensi kolom
Kondisi Atas Menara
Menghitung densitas pada kondisi operasi puncak menara bubble point
Kondisi operasi puncak P = 1 atm;T = 337.80 K
T= 64.80 C 337.80
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 905.8056
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 749.2549
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 990.3758
C3H7NO 0.27376 0.23013 0.2763 647 907.0988
3552.5350
Komponen fraksi atas BM BM . x (kg/m3) .x

C2H4O2 0.0010 60.053 0.0625 905.8056 0.9422
CH3OH 0.9895 32.042 31.7056 749.2549 741.3896
H2O 0.0085 18.015 0.1535 990.3758 8.4390
C3H7NO 0.0009 73.095 0.0684 907.0988 0.8492
1.0000 31.9900 751.6201
BM camp. = 31.9900
cairan = 751.6201 kg/m3
Menghitung uap :
gas =
BMxP , R = 82.06 atm.L/gmol.K
RxT
= 31.9900
27719.4944
= 0.0012 kg/dm3
= 1.1541 kg/m3
= 0.0720 lb/f3
*) Menghitung Flv
L = Rop x D
V = (Rop+ 1)xD
Rop = 0.1412
D = 58.1028 kmol
L = 8.2030 kmol
= 0.0729 kg/dt
V= 66.3058 kmol
= 0.5892 kg/dt
F LV =
L
V
FLV = 0.0121
V
L (Coulson and Richardson, hal 478)
0.00
*) Menghitung tegangan muka ( )

Menghitung tegangan muka pada kondisi puncak menara bubble point
= A.(1-T/Tc) ^ n T= 337.80 K
Komponen fraksi atas A Tc n , dynes/cm
C2H4O2 0.0010 43.997 487.20 0.453 25.7560
CH3OH 0.9895 52.723 512.58 0.377 35.1434
H2O 0.0085 52.053 647.13 0.321 41.0719
C3H7NO 0.0009 59.355 647.00 0.381 44.8009
1.0000
*) Menghitung kecepatan flooding(Uf)

FLV = 0.0121
K1 = 0.065
0,2

K 1 =K ' ( )
0, 02
= 0.0728
Uf = K1
L V
V
= 1.8559 m/dt
Uv = 1.8559 x 60 %
= 1.5775 m/dt

Q
An =
UV
v
Q=

= 0.5105 m3/dt
An = 0.3236 m2
AT = AD + An
Dimana :
AT = AD + An
AT = 0.12AT + 0.3236
AT = 0.3678
D=
=
4 . AT

0.6845 m
= 26.9478 in

AD = 0,12 AT
= 0.0441 m2
Kondisi Bawah Menara

Menghitung densitas pada kondisi operasi bawah menara bubble point
Kondisi operasi bawah P = 1 atm;T = 424.78 K
T= 151.78 C 424.78
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 644.7234
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 901.1755
C3H7NO 0.27376 0.23013 0.2763 647 817.0897
2362.9886
Komponen fraksi bawah BM BM . x (kg/m3) .x

CH3OH 0.0011 32.042 0.0338 644.7234 0.6797
H2O 0.0036 18.015 0.0641 901.1755 3.2064
C3H7NO 0.9954 73.095 72.7579 817.0897 813.3211
1.0000 72.8557 817.2072
BM camp = 72.8557
cairan = 817.2072 kg/m3
Menghitung uap :
BMxP
gas = , R = 82.06 atm.cm3/gmol.K
RxT
= 72.8557
34857.4902
= 0.0021 kg/dm3
= 2.0901 kg/m3
= 0.1305 lb/f3
*) Menghitung Flv
F= 112.6939 kmol
D= 58.1028 kmol
B= 54.5911 kmol
Rop = 0.1412
L = F + (R x D)
V = L+B
L= 120.8969 kmol
= 2.4467 kg/dt
V= 175.4879 kmol
= 3.5515 kg/dt
F LV =
L
V
FLV = 0.0348
V
L
(Coulson and Richardson, hal 478)
*) Menghitung tegangan muka (s)

Menghitung tegangan muka pada kondisi dasar menara bubble point
= A.(1-T/Tc) ^ n T= 424.78 K
Komponen fraksi bawah A Tc n , dynes/cm
CH3OH 0.0011 52.723 512.58 0.377 27.1092
H2O 0.0036 52.053 647.13 0.321 36.9416
C3H7NO 0.9954 59.355 647.00 0.381 39.5027
1.0000
*) Menghitung kecepatan flooding (Uf)

FLV = 0.0348
K1 = 0.07
. 0,2

K 1= K ' ( 0, 02 )
= 0.0802 0.1156
Uf = K1
L V
V
= 1.5838 m/dt
Uv = 1.5838 x 60%
= 1.3462 m/dt

Q
An =
UV
v
Q=

= 1.6992 m3/dt
An = 1.2622 m2
AT = AD + An
Dimana :
AT = AD+An
AT = 0,12AT + 1.2622
AT = 1.4343
D=
=
4 . AT

1.3517 m
= 53.2174 in
AD = 0,12 AT
= 0.1721 m2
Dirancang menggunakan stainless steel
P.r
ts= +C (Pers. 13.1, Brownell & young, 1959; hal 254)
( f . E0,6 . P)
ts = tebal shell
P = tekanan dalam vessel = 16.2 psia (1 atm) ====>>> Over design tekanan operasi = 1.1 Poperasi (1
r = Jari-jari dalam menara = 26.6087 in
f = Allowable stress, = 100 N/mm2 (Table 7.6 Caulson hal. 254) =
Sehingga :
ts = 0.1599 in
maka digunakan tebal shell standar = 3/16 in 0.1875
OD = ID + 2ts
= 53.59240767 in
Dari tabel 5-7 Brownell,
OD standart = 54 in
ts = 3/16 in
icr = 3 1/4 in
r= 54 in
w=
1
4( )
3+
r
icr
= 1.7690
Sehingga :
P .r . W
th = +C (Pers. 7.77, Brownell & young, 1959; hal 138)
2. f . E0,2 . P
= 0.1876 in
maka digunakan tebal head (th) standar = 1/4 in
*) Menghitung tinggi head
ID = OD standart - (2*ts)
a = ID
2
= 26.75
AB = ID - icr
2
= 23 1/2
BC = r irc
= 50 3/4
AC = (BC2- AB2)1/2
= 44.9812
b= r AC
= 9.0188
keterangan :
t = tebal head
r = jari-jari dish
b = tinggi head
untuk th = 1/4 in pada tabel 5.6 Brownell & young, hal 88 diperoleh sf = 1 1/2 - 2 1/2
diambil sf = 2
tinggi haed =th + b + sf = 11.2688 in
= 0.2862 m
*) Menghitung tinggi MD
H =(OA*2) + (n-1) x t + tinggi ruang kosong
H = tinggi menara
OA = tinggi head
n = jumlah tray
t = tray spacing : 0,25 m : 9.8425 in
tinggi ruang kosong diambil : 16 in
H= 595.8761 in
= 15.1353 m
Tinggi Stripping :
539.0798 in
13.6926 m
*) Mengecek weeping
Diameter (Dc) = 1.3517 m
Luas area (AT) = 1.4343 m2
Downcomer area (Ad) = 0.1721 m2
Net area (An) = AT -Ad = 1.2622 m2
Active area (Aa) = AT2Ad = = 1.0901 m2
Hole Area(Ah) = 10 % Aa = 0.1090 m2
Menentukan weir length (Iw) : ( Dari fig.11.31, hal 514, Coulson & Rhicardson)
Diketahui :
Ad
= 0.12 m diperoleh Iw/Dc = 0.7600
AT
Maka besarny0,76 x Dc
= 0.7600 x 1.3517
Iw = 1.0273 m
Diambil weir height = 50 mm

Diameter hole = 5 mm
Plate thickness = 5 mm hal 523 Coulson Richardson
Kecepatan maksimum laju alir cairan = 3.5515 kg/dt
Minimal kecepatan cairan (Lw) = 70% turn-down = 0.7 x 3.5515
= 2.4860 kg/dt
2
Maximum how = 750
[ ]
Lw
L Ad
2
3 = 50.8894
Minimum how = 750

Lw
[ ]
L lw
3
= 15.4660
Laju minimum = ho + how = 50 + 15.4660

= 65.4660 mm liquid
Dari fig 11,30 coulson hal 512, diperoleh K 2 = 30.5

uh =
[ K 2 0, 90 ( 25 , 4 d h ) ]
1
( v ) 2
= 8.3972 m3/dt
minimal kecepatan gas aktual = kecepatan minimum gas
Ah
= 0,7 x 1.6992
0.1090
= 10.9114 m3/dt
*) Menghitung Pressure drop plate

Pt = 9.81 x 10-3 ht. L
Pt = Total pressure drop plate (Pa = N/m2)
ht = Total pressure drop plate, mm Liquid
ht = hd + (hw + how) + hr
hd = Dry plate drop
[ ]
hd = 51 uh V
Co L
, Ah/Ap Ah/Aa = 10 shg diperoleh Co = 0.84
= 1.3040 mm liquid
3
12.5 x10
L
3
hr = 12.5 x10
L
= 15.2960 mm liquid
ht = 82.0659 mm liquid
Pt = 657.9062 Pa
= 0.6579 kPa
= 0.0065 atm
KESIMPULAN :
Jenis = Sieve Plate Tray Kondisi atas =
Bahan = Stainless steel FLV =
Tinggi MD-01 = 15.1353 m Uf =
Jumlah plate minimum = 4.6923 stage An =
Jumlah plate ideal = 25 stage AD =
Jumlah plate aktual = 56 stage Kondisi bawah =
Seksi stripping (bawah) = 53 buah FLV =
Seksi enriching (atas) = 3 buah Uf =
Diameter atas = 0.6845 m An =
Diameter bawah = = 1.3517 m AD =
Diambil Diameter MD-01 = 1.0181 m
Pt = 0.0065 atm
Umpan masuk = tray nomer : 53
26.9478
53.2174
595.8761
02
sesuai dengan spesifikasi produk

Pi Ki = Pi/Pt yi =ki.xi
3633.9081 4.7815 0.0026
1414.4876 1.8612 0.9505
372.0339 0.4895 0.0030
69.2523 0.0911 0.0440
1.0000
2283.8200 3.0050 0.0031
764.0403 1.0053 0.9948
184.6770 0.2430 0.0021
32.9845 0.0434 0.0000
1.0000
10941.6834 14.3970 0.0152
3731.4184 4.9098 0.0175
738.5952 0.9718 0.9674
1.0000
hardsons,hal 469)
fr.umpan .x
0.0005 0.000109471
0.5107 0.147074517
0.0061 0.002119565
0.4827 0.22732271
1.0000 0.376626263
(Carl L Yaws, 1999)
r = jumlah stages atas (rectifying)
s = jumlah stages bawah (stripping)
= laju alir Bottom
= laju alir distilat
f,HK = consentrasi umpan untuk heavy key
f,LK = consentrasi umpan untuk light key
b,LK = consentrasi bottom untuk light key
d,HK = consentrasi distilat untuk heavyt key
buah
buah
K
, N/m .x N/m
0.0258 2.679089E-05
0.0351 0.0348
0.0411 0.0003
0.0448008711 4.194089E-05
0.0352
K
, N/m .x N/m
0.0271 2.857877E-05
0.0369 0.0001
0.0395 0.0393
0.0395
sign tekanan operasi = 1.1 Poperasi (1.1-1.2)
14507.7720 psia
, 1959; hal 138)
OD standart - (2*ts)
(jari-jari dalam shell)
in
in
in
in
in
son & Rhicardson)

n Richardson
kg/dt
dari Fig. 11.34 (Coulson, 1993 : 517)

ondisi atas =
0.0121
1.5775 m/dt
0.3236 m2
0.0441 m2
ondisi bawah =
0.0348
1.5838 m/dt
1.2622 m2
0.1721 m2
Dew point T = 390.19 K P = 1
= 117.19 C
Komponen yi A B C
CH3COOH 0.1532 16.808 3405.57 -56.34
C4H9OH 0.6927 17.216 3137.02 -94.43
H2O 0.0912 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13
CH3COOC4 0.063 16.1836 3151.09 -69.15
1
6.607 0.974 0.974 0.1573
6.6093 0.9762 0.9762 0.7095
7.2111 1.7822 1.7822 0.0512
6.3683 0.7672 0.7672 0.0821
1.0001
Dew point T = 405.25 K P = 1
= 132.25 C
Komponen yi A B C
CH3COOH 0.0076 16.808 3405.57 -56.34
C4H9OH 0.0077 17.216 3137.02 -94.43
H2O 0.0064 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13
CH3COOC4 0.9782 16.1836 3151.09 -69.15
1
7.0474 1.513 1.2609 0.0061
7.1233 1.6323 1.3603 0.0057
7.6764 2.8381 2.3651 0.0027
6.8082 1.1911 0.9926 0.9856
1
atm
atm
TANGKI PENYIMPAN DIMETHYLAMINE
Fungsi : Untuk menyimpan dimethylamine selama 30 hari

Tujuan perancangan :
a Menentukan jenis tangki
b Menentukan bahan konstruksi yang digunakan
c Menentukan dimensi tangki : Volume, Tinggi, tebal dinding, dan head tangki
T-01
1. Menentukan tipe tangki

Dalam perancangan ini dipilih tipe tangki Horisontal Cylindrical, dengan head berbentuk elliptical dished head
# Tangki mampu menampung dalam kapasitas yang besar
# Kondisi operasi pada tekanan tinggi.
# Lebih stabil untuk bahan yang bersifat more volatile
2. Menentukan Bahan konstruksi

Bahan konstruksi yang dipilih adalah Carbon steel dengan pertimbangan :
# Bahan yang akan disimpan tidak korosif
# Biaya lebih murah
3. Kapasitas propylene yang akan disimpan :

Kemurnian dimethylamine yang disimpan :
komponen kg %berat BM
C2H7N 2458.8369 0.9900 45.084
C3H9N 12.4184 0.0050 59.111
H2O 12.4184 0.0050 18.015
Total 2483.6736 1.0000
Penyimpanan cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bahan baku selama :
1 bulan = 30 hari = 720 jam

C2H7N 2458.8369 0.9900 45.084 54.5390 0.9838
C3H9N 12.4184 0.0050 59.111 0.2101 0.0038
H2O 12.4184 0.0050 18.015 0.6893 0.0124
Total 2483.6736 1.0000 55.4384 1.0000
Jumlah Dimethylamine yang harus disimpan untuk persediaan selama 30 hari adalah :
M = 1,788,245.0104 kg = 3,942,339.0882 lb
4. Menentukan kondisi operasi penyimpanan

a. Menghitung densitas campuran
= 32 C
komponen %mol A B n Tc
C2H7N 0.9838 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65
C3H9N 0.0038 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25
H2O 0.0124 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
Total 1.0000
campuran = 646.7067 kg/m3

= 0.6467 kg/L
= 40.3712 lb/f3
b. Suhu dan tekanan

Diinginkan suhu penyimpanan dibawah suhu bubble point pada tekanan tertentu.
Diiginkan penyimpanan pada suhu 32 oC
Komponen kmol/jam Fraksi mol kg/m3 x. TBP (K)

C2H7N 54.5390 0.9838 642.0787 631.6618 279.95
C3H9N 0.2101 0.0038 619.8902 2.3491 275.55
H2O 0.6893 0.0124 1021.0367 12.6958 373.15
Total 55.4384 646.7067
Karena titik didihnya di bawah suhu lingkungan, sehingga bahan tersebut bersifat volatil
Tangki yang digunakan adalah tangki bertekanan dengan kondisi :
T = 305.15 K
= 32 C
Komponen Fraksi mol A B C Ln P
C2H7N 0.9838 16.2653 2358.77 -35.13 7.5298
C3H9N 0.0038 16.0499 2230.51 -39.15 7.6645
H2O 0.0124 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 3.5694
Total 1.0000
P = 1840.9608 mmHg
2.4223 atm
c. Volume campuran dan volume perancangan

Diperoleh volume campuran sebesar = 97,652.2025 f3
= 2,765,156.3173 L
= 2,765.1563 m3
Direncanakan ditampung dalam 5 tangki = 553.0313 m3
= 19,541.7408 f3
Over design = 20 %
Volume perancangan = 23,450.0889 f3 = 4,157.1117 bbl =
= 663.6375 m 3
5. Dimensi tangki
a. Menentukan diameter tangki

*) diambil trial L/D optimum = 6
D = (12V / 19 phi) ^ 1/3
D= 5.1107 m 201.2068 in 17.2791
L= 30.6639 m 1,207.2406 in 103.6747
Persamaan yang digunakan :

p.d
t= +c Persamaan 4-28 Brownell
4. f
t = tebal shell, in
d = inside diameter, in
p = internal pressure, psi = 35.61 psia
f = allowable working stress, psi
c = corrosion allowance, in
Bahan yang dipilih adalah : Carbon steel SA 285 grade B
Allowable stress ( f ) = 12500 psi (Table 13.1 Brownell hal. 251
Corrossion Allowance ( C ) = 0.125 in
Efisiensi pengelasan = 0.85
Tekanan = 2.4223 atm = 35.61
ts = 0.4622 in ts < 2 in memenuhi untuk L/D = 6

ts = 0.5 in (1/2in)
b. Menghitung ukuran Head:

rc
W 1 3

4 icr

p.rc.W
th C
2.f.E - 0,2.P
OD = 2 x r + 2 x ts
OD = 202.2068 in 5.14 m
Diambil OD standart Brownell, hal 91 204.0000 in
Diperoleh :
ts = 0.500 in
r= 170 in
icr = 12.25 in
W= 1.6813 in
th = 0.6041 in
Dipakai plat dengan tebal standart = 0.6250 in = 5/8 in
Dari tabel 5-8 Brownell & young, untuk th = 5/8 in, diambil sf standart = 2
O D
ic r b
O A
B A
sf
r
ID
t
a
ID = 100.6034 in
a
2
AB
ID
icr
= 88.3534 in
2
BC r - icr = 157.7500 in
AC BC 2
AB 2 = 130.6857 in
b r - AC = 39.3143 in
OA = th + b + sf
OA = 41.9393 in
1.0653 m
Panjang tangki total = panjang tangki + 2 tinggi head
= 32.7944 m
Tangki Dimethylamine
Kode : T - 01
Fungsi : Untuk menyimpan Dimethylamine selama 30 hari
Tipe : horizontal cylindrical vessel
Jumlah : 5 buah
Kondisi operasi : T = 32 oC
P = 2.4223 atm
Bahan konstruksi : Carbon Steel SA-240 grade B
Dimensi : Diameter = 5.1107 m
Panjang = 32.7944 m
Tebal shell = 0.5 in
Tebal head = 0.6250 in
Kapasitas = 23,450.0889 f3
= 663.6375 m3
6. Menghitung diameter pipa pengisian :

Di opt : 3,9 Qf0,45 r0,13 (pers 4.5 Peters, hal. 381)
Keterangan :
Diopt = diameter dalam optimum, in
Qf = laju alir volumetrik, f3/dt
r = densitas cairan, lb/f3
Qf = 2483.6736 kg/jam x 2,204616 lb/kg x 1 jam / 3600 dt
40.3712 lb/f3
= 0.03767 f3/dt
Dopt = 1.4424 in
Digunakan pipa standar :

Digunakan pipa standart (tabel.11, Kern)
D nominal = 1 1/2 in
ID = 1.610 in
OD = 1.9 in
Schedule = 40
Menghitung diameter pipa pengeluaran :

Direncanakan waktu pengisian 60 menit
Volume
Qf =
Waktu pengisian
Volume 1 tangki = 19541.7408 f3
Qf = 5.42826 f3/dt
Dopt = 13.5037

D nominal = 16 in
ID = 15.25 in
OD = 16 in
Schedule = 30
al dished head
kg / 30 hari
1770362.5603
8941.2251
8941.2251
1788245.0104
, kg/m3 .x
642.0787 631.6618
619.8902 2.3491
1021.0367 12.6958
646.7066614743
TBP (oC) TBP camp (oC)

6.8 6.6897
2.4 0.0091
100 1.2434
7.9422
P Pi.xi
1862.6619 1832.4425
2131.3781 8.0769
35.4970 0.4414
1840.9608
175,430.1151 galon
f
f
able 13.1 Brownell hal. 251)
psi
emenuhi untuk L/D = 6

in
TANGKI PENYIMPAN METHYLFORMATE
Fungsi : Untuk menyimpan bahan baku Methylformate selama 1 Minggu

1) Memilih tipe tangki
2) Memilih bahan konstruksi
3) Menghitung dimensi tangki, meliputi : volume, tinggi, dimensi, tebal dinding dan head tangki.
Memilih tipe tangki :
Tipe tangki yang dipilih adalah silinder tegak lurus berbentuk conical, dengan pertimbangan :
1) Kondisi operasi tangki pada tekanan 1 atm
2) Kondisi operasi tangki pada suhu kamar 32 oC
3) Cairan disimpan pada kondisi cair-dingin
4) Konstruksi sederhana, sehingga lebih ekonomis
Memilih bahan konstruksi
Bahan konstruksi yang dipilih adalah Carbon steel SA-283 grade C dengan pertimbangan :
1) Bahan yang akan disimpan tidak korosif
2) Biaya lebih murah
Kapasitas dimethylamine yang akan disimpan :

Kemurnian dimethylamine yang disimpan :

C2H4O2 3270.4918 0.9700 60.053 54.4601 0.9452
CH3OH 101.1492 0.0300 32.042 3.1568 0.0548
3371.6410 1.0000 57.6169 1.0000
Penyimpanan cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bahan baku selama :

1 bulan = 7 hari = 168 jam
C2H4O2 3270.4918 0.9700 60.053 54.4601 0.9452
CH3OH 101.1492 0.0300 32.042 3.1568 0.0548
Total 3371.6410 1.0000 57.6169 1.0000
Jumlah Methylformate yang harus disimpan untuk persediaan selama 7 hari adalah :
M= 566,435.6906 kg = 1,248,755.9316 lb
Menentukan kondisi operasi penyimpanan

= 32 C
C2H4O2 0.9452 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20
CH3OH 0.0548 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58
Total 1.0000
campuran = 1,291.8067 kg/m3

= 1.2918 kg/L
= 80.6422 lb/f3
b. Suhu dan tekanan

komponen kmol %mol kg/m3 x. TBP (K)

C2H4O2 54.4601 0.9452 1321.4258 1249.0262 304.85
CH3OH 3.1568 0.0548 780.8224 42.7805 337.75
Total 57.6169 1.0000 1291.8067
Berdasarkan titik didihnya >32 oC bahan tersebut bersifat tidak volatil

Maka tangki yang digunakan adalah tangki atmosferis
Tekanan = 1 atm
Suhu = 32 o
C
Menghitung volume tangki

Menghitung banyaknya methylformate selama = 7 hari
= 3371.64 kg/j x 24 jam/hari x 7
= 566435.6906 kg
Over design = 20%
Volume tangki = 1.2 Vf
Vf = m

= 438.4833245173 m3
V = 526.1799894208 m3
= 18581.888472398 f3 < 71534 f3 Termasuk jenis small tank
139011.10766201 gal
Dimensi tangki
Menghitung tinggi dan diameter
Untuk large tank (H=D) maka digunakan persamaan:
D=

3 4 V

D= 28.7127 f = 344.5519 in = 8.7516
H= 28.7127 f = 344.5519 in = 8.7516
Menghitung tebal plat shell

Tinggi shell = 28.7127 f
Untuk lebar plat plat 6 f, jumlah courses = 4.7854 course
Untuk lebar plat 8 f, jumlah courses = 3.5891 course
Maka dipilih lebar 6 f dengan jumlah courses 5, karena sisa pahan paling sedikit
Untuk menghitung tebal shell digunakan persamaan:
. (H 1). D
t s,min= +c
2. .
Densitas cairan = 1,291.8067 kg/m3 = 80.6422 lb/f3
Efisiensi pengelasan = 85%
Faktor korosi = 0.125
tegangan yang diijinkan = 12650 psi (Table 13.1 Brownell hal. 251)
ts min = 0.0089725282 (H-1) + 0.125
Tebal shell course 1, H = 28.7126579615

ts min = 0.3736526047 in Dirancang = 7/16
ts min = 0.3198174356 in Dirancang = 3/ 8
Tebal sheel course 5, H = 4.7126579615
Menghitung tebal plat bottom

Dengan teori membran
.( H ). D
t b,min = +c
2. .
tb min = 0.3826251329 in Dirancang = 7/16
Menghitung tebal plat roof

Misal dengan persamaan empiris oleh API - ASME
P. Di
t b,min = +c
2 . S . E . cos
misal = 20o
cos = 0.93969
Menghitung diameter pipa pengeluaran dan pengisian

Menghitung diameter pipa pengeluaran
Di opt =
3,9 . Qf0,45 0,13 ( Pers. 4.5 peters, hal. 381 )
Dimana :
Di opt = diameter dalam optimumm, in
= densitas cairan, lb/f3
Qf = 0.0256041083 f3/dt
Di opt = 1.3263466004 in
Maka digunakan pipa standart : (Brownell, hal 387)
ID = 1.337 in
OD = 1.5 in
Sch = 40 in
Menghitung diameter pipa pengisian
Di opt = 0,45 0,13

3,9 . Qf
Menghitung kecepatan laju alir cairan :
Qf = volume
waktu pengisian
Volume tangki = 18581.8884724 f3
Lama waktu pengisian = 120 menit

Qf = 2.5808178434 f3/dt
Di opt = 10.5732497855 in
Maka digunakan pipa standart :
D nominal = 18 in
ID = 15.25 in
OD = 18 in
Sch = 120 in
Kesimpulan
Jenis = tangki atmosferis
Bahan = Carbon stell SA-283 grade C
Tekanan = 1 atm
Suhu = 32 o
C
Jumlah = 1 buah
Lama penyimpanan = 7 hari
Diameter = 8.7516 m
Tinggi = 8.7516 m
Tebal shell Course 1 = 7/16 in
Course 2 = 6/16 in
Course 3 = 5/16 in
Course 4 = 4/16 in
Course 5 = 3/16 in
Tebal Bottom = 7/16 in
Tebal roof = 3/16 in
ing dan head tangki.
kg / 7 hari
549442.6198
16993.0707
566435.6906
, kg/m3 .x
1321.4258 1249.0262
780.8224 42.7805
1291.8067

31.7 29.9632
64.6 3.5394
33.5026
hari
m
m
3/16,1/4,5/16,3/8,7/16,1/2,9/16,5/8,3/4,7/8,
1,1 1/8,1 1/4,1 3/8,1 /1/2,1 5/8,1 3/4,2
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
TANGKI PENYIMPAN DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE
Fungsi : Untuk menyimpan produk Dimethylformamide selama 7 Hari

Kapasitas dimethylformamide yang akan disimpan :

Kemurnian dimethylformamide yang disimpan :
CH3OH 1.8440 0.0005 32.042 0.0576 0.0011
H2O 3.4992 0.0009 18.015 0.1942 0.0036
C3H7NO 3971.9295 0.9987 73.095 54.3393 0.9954
Total 3977.2727 1.0000 54.5911 1.0000
Penyimpanan cukup untuk menyimpan produk selama 7 Hari :

7 hari = 168 jam
CH3OH 1.8440 0.0005 32.042 0.0576 0.0011
H2O 3.4992 0.0009 18.015 0.1942 0.0036
C3H7NO 3971.9295 0.9987 73.095 54.3393 0.9954
Total 3977.2727 1.0000 54.5911 1.0000
Jumlah Dimethylformamide yang harus disimpan untuk persediaan selama 7 hari adalah :
M= 668,181.8138 kg = 1,473,063.9633 lb

= 32 C
CH3OH 0.0011 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58
H2O 0.0036 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
C3H7NO 0.9954 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630 647.00
Total 1.0000
campuran = 938.3065 kg/m3 35614.22

= 0.9383 kg/L 35614220
= 58.5746 lb/f3 37955849.579
b. Suhu dan tekanan


CH3OH 0.0576 0.0011 780.8224 0.82315069 337.75
H2O 0.1942 0.0036 1021.0367 3.63291516 373.15
C3H7NO 54.3393 0.9954 938.1776 933.850424 426.15
Total 54.5911 1.0000 938.30649

Tekanan = 1 atm
Suhu = 32 o
C

Menghitung banyaknya dimethylformamide selama = 7 hari
= 3977.27 kg/j x 24 jam/hari x 7
= 668181.8138 kg
Over design = 20%
Vf = m

= 712.1146669817 m3
V = 854.537600378 m3
225759.6654296
Dimensi tangki
Untuk large tank (H=D) maka digunakan persamaan:
D=

3 4V

D= 33.7498888667 f = 404.9986664 in = 10.286966127
H= 33.7498888667 f = 404.9986664 in = 10.286966127
. (H 1) . D
t s,min= +c
2. .
Densitas cairan = 938.3065 kg/m3 = 58.5746 lb/f3
ts min = 0.007660568 (H-1) + 0.125


.( H ). D
t b,min= +c
2. .
tb min = 0.3835433193 in Dirancang = 5/ 8

P. Di
t b,min = +c
2 . S . E . cos
misal = 20o
cos = 0.93969

Di opt = 0,45 0,13 ( Pers. 4.5 peters, hal. 381 )

3,9 . Qf
3,9 . Qf0,45 0,13
Dimana :
Qf = 0.0415821082 f3/dt
Di opt = 1.582613061 in
ID = 1.61 in
OD = 1.9 in
Sch = 40 in
Di opt =
3,9 . Qf0,45 0,13
Qf = volume
waktu pengisian
Volume tangki = 30177.738996068 f3

Qf = 2.7942350922 f /dt 3
Di opt = 10.5119949273 in
D nominal = 22 in
ID = 21.25 in
OD = 22 in
Sch = 10 in
Kesimpulan
Tekanan = 1 atm
Suhu = 32 o
C
Jumlah = 1 buah
Diameter = 10.2870 m
Tinggi = 10.2870 m
Course 2 = 1/2 in
Course 3 = 1/3 in
Course 4 = 1/4 in
Tebal Bottom = 5/ 8 in
Menghitung diameter pipa pengisian :

Keterangan :
58.5746 lb/f3
= 0.04158 f3/dt
Dopt = 1.5826 in

ID = 1.610 in
OD = 1.9 in
Schedule = 40

Volume
Qf =
Waktu pengisian
Qf = 3.35308 f3/dt
Dopt = 11.4108

D nominal = 24 in
ID = 23.25 in
OD = 24 in
Schedule = 20
g dan head tangki.
kg / 30 hari
309.7972
587.8669
667284.1496
668181.8138
, kg/m3 .x
780.8224 0.8232
1021.0367 3.6329
938.1776 933.8504
938.3065
L 766784.84

64.6 0.0681
100 0.3558
153 152.2943
152.7182
hari
m
m
ell hal. 251) 3/16,1/4,5/16,3/8,7/16,1/2,9/16,5/8,3/4,7/8,
1,1 1/8,1 1/4,1 3/8,1 /1/2,1 5/8,1 3/4,2
in
in
in
in
in
in
TANGKI PENYIMPAN METHANOL
Fungsi : Untuk menyimpan produk Methanol selama 7 Hari

Kapasitas dimethylformamide yang akan disimpan :

Kemurnian dimethylformamide yang disimpan :
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0020 60.053 0.0604 0.0010
CH3OH 1842.1872 0.9911 32.042 57.4929 0.9895
H2O 8.9192 0.0048 18.015 0.4951 0.0085
C3H7NO 3.9759 0.0021 73.095 0.0544 0.0009
Total 1858.7117 1.0000 58.1028 1.0000
Penyimpanan cukup untuk menyimpan produk selama 7 Hari :

7 hari = 168 jam
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0020 60.053 0.0604 0.0010
CH3OH 1842.1872 0.9911 32.042 57.4929 0.9895
H2O 8.9192 0.0048 18.015 0.4951 0.0085
C3H7NO 3.9759 0.0021 73.095 0.0544 0.0009
Total 1858.7117 1.0000 58.1028 1.0000
Jumlah Methanol yang harus disimpan untuk persediaan selama 7 hari adalah :
M= 312,263.5678 kg 688,411.7455 lb

= 32 C
C2H4O2 0.0010 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20
CH3OH 0.9895 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58
H2O 0.0085 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
C3H7NO 0.0009 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630 647.00
Total 1.0000
campuran = 783.1997 kg/m3

= 0.7832 kg/L
= 48.8919 lb/f3
b. Suhu dan tekanan


C2H4O2 0.0604 0.0010 956.8852 0.9953 304.9
CH3OH 57.4929 0.9895 780.8224 772.6258 337.75
H2O 0.4951 0.0085 1021.0367 8.7003 373.15
C3H7NO 0.0544 0.0009 938.1776 0.8783 426.15
Total 58.1028 1.0000 783.1997

Tekanan = 1 atm
Suhu = 32 o
C

Menghitung banyaknya methanol selama = 7 hari
= 1858.71 kg/j x 24 jam/hari x 7
= 312263.5678 kg
Over design = 20%
Vf = m

= 398.7023473016 m3
V = 478.4428167619 m3
126399.458832
Dimensi tangki
Untuk large tank (H=3/8D) maka digunakan persamaan:
D=

3 4 V

D= 27.81668042 f = 333.80016504 in = 8.47852419

H= 27.81668042 f = 333.80016504 in = 8.47852419

. (H 1). D
t s,min= +c
2. .
Densitas cairan = 783.1997 kg/m3 = 48.8919 lb/f3
ts min = 0.0052701349 (H-1) + 0.125


.( H ). D
t b,min= +c
2. .

P. Di
t b,min = +c
2 . S . E . cos
misal = 20o
cos = 0.93969

Di opt = 0,45 0,13 ( Pers. 4.5 peters, hal. 381 )

3,9 . Qf
Dimana :
Qf = 0.0232812003 f3/dt
Di opt = 1.1907424814 in
ID = 1.278 in
OD = 1.66 in
Sch = 40 in
Di opt = 0,45 0,13

3,9 . Qf
Qf = volume
waktu pengisian
Volume tangki = 16896.064541 f3

Qf = 1.5644504205 f3/dt
Di opt = 7.90912146 in
D nominal = 16 in
ID = 15.25 in
OD = 16 in
Sch = 40 in
Kesimpulan
Tekanan = 1 atm
Suhu = 32 o
C
Jumlah = 1 buah
Diameter = 8.4785 m
Tinggi = 8.4785 m
Course 2 = 1/3 in
Course 3 = 1/4 in
Tebal Bottom = 7/16 in
Menghitung diameter pipa pengisian :

Keterangan :
48.8919 lb/f3
= 0.02328 f3/dt
Dopt = 1.1907 in

ID = 1.380 in
OD = 1.66 in
Schedule = 40

Volume
Qf =
Waktu pengisian
Qf = 1.87734 f3/dt
Dopt = 8.5854

D nominal = 18 in
ID = 17.25 in
OD = 18 in
Schedule = 20
dinding dan head tangki.
kg / 7 hari
609.7472
309487.4495
1498.4189
667.9521
312263.5678
, kg/m3 .x
956.8852 0.9953
780.8224 772.6258
1021.0367 8.7003
938.1776 0.8783
783.1997

31.75 0.0330
64.6 63.9219
100 0.8521
153 0.1432
64.9502
hari
m
m
wnell hal. 251)
in
in
in
in
in
Condensor (Cd-01)
Kode : Cd-01
Fungsi : mengkondensasikan produk atas MD-01
Jenis : Double pipe
NP Total di Sekitar MD-01
Komponen
C2H4O2 60339.3595 24874.6389 645.6115
CH3OH 399253.9322 1682.8079 422259.7095
C2H7N 2728.8095 1122.1020
C3H9N 2887.4882 1178.8835
H2O 4230.7510 4503.1997
C3H7NO 692799.0809 739100.3043
sub total 1162239.4212 28858.4323 1166508.8251
Total 1265341.7223 1265341.7223
Beban panas = 69974.4649 kJ/jam

Air pendingin masuk pada T = 29 C dan keluar pada T = 40 C
Tin = 302 K
Tout = 313.15 K
Cp air = 1Kkal/kg.K = 4.184 kJ/kg.K
Maka kebutuhan air pendingin :
Q = m x CpDT
m= Q
Cp.(Tout-Tin)
m= 69974.4649
4.184*(313-298)
= 1520.3908 kg/jam
Komponen kg/jm fraksi BM kmol

C2H4O2 359.3153 0.8958 60.053 5.9833
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0464 32.042 0.5813
C2H7N 9.3633 0.0233 45.084 0.2077
C3H9N 13.7982 0.0344 59.111 0.2334
Total 401.1034 1.0000 7.0057
Perancangan alat Condenser

Fluida panas :
Suhu masuk : 60.34 C 140.61
Suhu keluar : 60.34 C 140.61
Massa masuk : 401.1034 kg/jam
: 884.2668 lb/jam
Fluida dingin :
Kebutuhan air : 1520.3908 kg/jam
: 3351.8315 lb/jam
Beban panas (Q) : 69974.4649 kJ/jam
: 66326.5070 btu/jam
Suhu air masuk : 84.2 F
Suhu air keluar : 104 F
Menentukan spesifikasi Alat

Fluida panas (F) Fluida dingin (F) T, F
140.61 Higher temp 104 36.61
140.61 Lower temp 84.2 56.41
t 2 - t 1
TLMTD = = 45.80 o
F
t 2
ln
( t 1 )
tavg = ta = t 1+ t2
= 94.1 o
F Tav =
2
Menghitung densitas
* Fluida Panas
T = 60.34 oC = 333.34 K
Komponen fraksi A B n
C2H4O2 0.8541 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.0830 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
C2H7N 0.0296 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800
C3H9N 0.0333 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 333.34 K
Komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
C2H7N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05
C3H9N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05
Total
Fluida Dingin T= 307.65 K

Komponen A B C D
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
T = 307.65 K
Komponen A B n Tc
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
Untuk exchanger fluida panas light organic dan water fluida dingin
UD = 75-150 Btu/f2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern, 1965 : 840)
diambil harga UD = 80 Btu/f2.oF.jam
A = Q = 66326.5070 = 18.1031
U D T LMTD 3663.8232111956
karena A < 200 f2 maka digunakan jenis Double pipe
Spesifikasi dirancang (reff : Kern hal 103):

a) Annulus : (IPS : 3 in)
OD : 3.50 in ( tabel 11 Kern hal 844)
ID : 3.068 in
b) Inner pipe : (IPS2 in)
OD : 2.38 in
ID : 2.067 in
c) Luas penampang: 18.1031 f2
d) Panjang pipa : 12 f
Fluida dingin :water, inner pipe Fluida panas : Light organic, anulus
Menghitung flow area Menghitung flow area
D= 2.067 D2 =
12
= 0.1723 f =
ap = 3,14 D2/4 = 0.023291 f2 D1 =
Gp = w/ap = 3351.8315 lb/jam
0.023291 f2 =
= 143911.0233 lb/jam f2
= 0.7409 cP aa =
= 1.7930 lb/f jam =
De =
Reynolds =
DG p = 24788.673755553 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa =
Re p =
1.7930 lb/jam.f
= 13825.5615 =
jH = 52 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T =
At = 94.10 o
F =
c= 1.0000 Btu/lb.oF (fig.2 Kern, hal 804) =
k= 0.3680 (Tabel 4 Kern hal.800) Reynolds
DG p =
1/3 Re p =
c.
( )k
= 1.70
1/3
c.
( )
k
1/3 0.14
=
jH =
k c.
hi = jH . .
D k
.( )( )
.
t =
c=
= 188.3358 Btu/jam f F
2o
k=
hio = hi x ID/OD 1/3
c.
= 163.5672 Btu/jam f F
2o
( )k
=
k c
ho= jH
De k( )
=
Clean overall coefficient, Uc:
hio .ho
Uc= = 132.3281 Btu/jam f2 oF
hio +ho
Design overall coefficient,Ud :
Dari tabel 11 Kern untuk 2 in IDS standar pipe = 0,622 f 2/f (eksternal surface per foot length)
Surface actual = 24 x 0.622
= 14.9280
UD = Q =
66326.5070 =
A . T 14.9280 45.7978
UC UD
Dirt factor : Rd = 0.0028 jam f2F/Btu
UC . UD
692.8651 h outside 163.5672

Uc = 132.3281 Btu/jam f2 oF
UD = 97.0155 Btu/jam f2 oF
Rd = 0.0028 jam f2F/Btu
Pressure drop :
Rep = 13825.5615 De ' =
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep =
13825.5615 0, 42 f = 0,0035 +
=
( 0.00831
)
s= 1.00000 =
( )0
= 62.5000 lb/f3 s=
=
4 fG 2
a L = 0.0147 f
Pp= 2
2
4 fG a L
=
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 0.0147 x 62.5000 V=
144 F1 =
= 0.0064 psi Pa =
=
fraksi
0.8541
0.0830
0.0296
0.0333
1.0000
F
F
T 1+ T2
= 140.61 o
F
2
Tc , kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
487.20 913.0550 48.6596
512.58 753.7381 3.9027
437.65 606.8584 1.1226
433.25 581.8928 1.2098
54.8948
fraksi umpan , Cp x
0.8541 0.2418 0.2065
0.0830 0.3565 0.0296
0.0296 0.1461 0.0043
0.0333 0.1299 0.0043
1.0000 0.2448
, Cp
0.7409
, kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
1018.7323 63.5689
f2
l 11 Kern hal 844)
panas : Light organic, anulus

hitung flow area
3.068
12
0.2557 f
2.38
12
0.1983 f
3,14(D22-D12)/4
0.0204 f
(D22-D12)/D1
0.1312 f
884.2668 lb/jam
0.0204 f2
43276.348058255 lb/jam f2
140.61 o
F
0.2448 cP
0.5923 lb/jam.f
5679.602465837 lb/jam.f
0.5923 lb/jam.f
9588.390797088
39 (fig.24)
140.61 o
F
0.9800 Btu/lb.oF (fig.2 Kern, hal 804)
0.2840 (Tabel 4 Kern)
1.27
1 0, 14
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
692.8651 Btu/jam f2 oF 6.469038681
l surface per foot length)
97.0155 Btu/jam f2 oF
0.0573 f
4188.7610
0.264
4188.7610
( 0.01145
)0, 42
0.94000
58.7500 lb/f3 (tabel 6.hal 808)
0.0062 f
0.2046 fps
0.0020 f
0.00817 x 58.7500
144.00
0.0033 psi
komponen (kg/m3) , x BM BM.x
C2H4O2 913.0550 48.6596 60.053 51.2887
CH3OH 753.7381 3.9027 32.042 2.6588
C2H7N 606.8584 1.1226 45.084 1.3365
C3H9N 581.8928 1.2098 59.111 1.9696
Total 54.8948 5.9648
Condensor (Cd-02)
Kode : Cd-02
Fungsi : mengkondensasikan produk atas MD-02
Jenis : Double pipe
Komponen
C2H4O2 406.0770 282.8143
CH3OH 267,874.7499 187,143.2662 639.0646
H2O 2,918.1087 1,482.4541 1,866.1500
C3H7NO 472,246.4464 331.2426 1,103,349.3458
sub total 743,445.3819 189,239.7771 1,105,854.5603
Beban Kondensor 442,825.8092
Panas Reboiler 994,474.7647
Total 1,737,920.1467 1,737,920.1467

Tin = 302 K
Tout = 313.15 K
Q = m x CpDT
m= Q
Cp.(Tout-Tin)
m= 442825.8092
4.184*(313-298)
= 9621.6280 kg/jam

C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0020 60.053 0.0604
CH3OH 1842.1872 0.9911 32.042 57.4929
H 2O 8.9192 0.0048 18.015 0.4951
C3H7NO 3.9759 0.0021 73.095 0.0544
Total 1858.7117 1.0000 58.1028
Perancangan alat Condenser

Fluida panas :
Suhu masuk : 64.80 C 148.63
Suhu keluar : 64.80 C 148.63
: 4097.6890 lb/jam
Fluida dingin :
: 21211.7020 lb/jam
: 419740.1035 btu/jam

148.63 Higher temp 104 44.63
148.63 Lower temp 84.2 64.43
t 2 - t 1
TLMTD = = 53.93 o
F
t 2
ln
( t 1 )
tavg = ta = t 1+ t2
= 94.1 o
F Tav =
2
Menghitung densitas
* Fluida Panas
T = 64.80 oC = 337.80 K
C2H4O2 0.0010 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.9895 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
H 2O 0.0085 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
C3H7NO 0.0009 0.23013 0.27630 647.00
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 337.80 K
Komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
C3H7NO -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05
Total

Komponen A B C D
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
T = 307.65 K
Komponen A B n Tc
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
Untuk exchanger fluida panas methanol dan water fluida dingin

A = Q = 442825.8092 = 32.8461
U D T LMTD 13481.8366898306

ID : 2.067 in
b) Inner pipe : (IPS 1 1/4 in)
OD : 1.66 in
ID : 1.38 in
Fluida dingin :water, inner pipe Fluida panas : Methanol, anulus

D= 1.38 D2 =
12
= 0.1150 f =
ap = 3,14 D /4 =
2
0.010382 f2 D1 =
Gp = w/ap = 21211.7020 lb/jam
0.010382 f2 =
= 2043196.7097 lb/jam f 2
= 0.7409 cP aa =
= 1.7930 lb/f jam =
De =
Reynolds =
DG p = 234967.621613047 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa =
Re p =
1.7930 lb/jam.f
= 131050.1460 =
jH = 249 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T =
At = 94.10 o
F =
c= 1.0000 Btu/lb. F (fig.2 Kern, hal 804)
o
=
k= 0.3680 (Tabel 4 Kern) Reynolds
DG p =
1/3 Re p =
c.
( )
k
= 1.70
1 /3 0 .14

=
jH =
k c.
hi = jH . .
D k ( )( ) .
.
t =
c=
= 1350.7974 Btu/jam f F 2o
k=
c.
= 1122.9521 Btu/jam f F 2o
( )k
=
k c
1

ho= jH
De k ( )( 3
w
=
hio .ho =
Uc= 728.7035 Btu/jam f2 oF
hio +ho
Dari tabel 11 Kern hal 844 untuk 1 1/4 in IDS standar pipe = 0,435 f 2/f (eksternal surface per foot length
= 13.0500
UD = Q =
442825.8092 =
A . T 13.0500 53.9273
UC UD
Dirt factor : Rd = = 0.0026 jam f2F/Btu
UC . UD
2075.5916 h outside 1122.9521

Pressure drop :
Rep = 131050.1460 De ' =
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep =
131050.1460 0, 42 f = 0,0035 +
(= 0.00537
) 0, 42
s= 1.00000
(
=
)
= 62.5000 lb/f3 s=
=
4 fG 2
a L = 3.5829 f
Pp= 2
4 fG 2a L
=
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 3.5829 x 62.5000 V=
144 F1 =
= 1.5551 psi Pa =
=
fraksi
0.0010
0.9895
0.0085
0.0009
1.0000
F
F
T 1+ T 2
= 148.63 o
F
2
487.20 905.8056 0.0588
512.58 749.2549 46.2627
437.65 274.0000 0.1457
433.25 230.1300 0.0134
46.4806
fraksi umpan , Cp x
0.0010 0.2332 0.0002
0.9895 0.3402 0.3366
0.0085 0.4350 0.0037
0.0009 0.5463 0.0005
1.0000 0.3411
, Cp
0.7409
, kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
1018.7323 63.5689
f2
11 Kern hal 844)
panas : Methanol, anulus

itung flow area
2.067
12
0.1723 f
1.66
12
0.1383 f
3,14(D22-D12)/4
0.0083 f
(D22-D12)/D1
0.0761 f
4097.6890 lb/jam
0.0083 f2
495539.2089 lb/jam f2
148.63 o
F
0.3411 cP
0.8255 lb/jam.f
37734.83811 lb/jam.f
0.8255 lb/jam.f
45713.17262
150 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834)
148.63 o
F
1.08
1 0,14
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
2075.5916 Btu/jam f2 oF 1.84757
/f (eksternal surface per foot length)
0.0339 f
20360.5759
0.264
20360.5759 0, 42
( 0.00759
)
0.82000 (tabel 6.kern hal 808)
51.2500 lb/f 3
1.5019 f
2.6858 fps
0.3360 f
1.83796 x 51.2500
144.00
0.6541 psi
Accumulator (Acc-01)
Fungsi : Menampung sementara kondensat dari MD-01

Jenis : Horisontal drum
Kondisi operasi :
1) Tekanan = 2.7 atm
2) Suhu = 60.34 C
= 333.49 K
Neraca massa :
C2H4O2 359.3153 0.8958 60.053 5.9833 0.8541
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0464 32.042 0.5813 0.0830
C2H7N 9.3633 0.0233 45.084 0.2077 0.0296
C3H9N 13.7982 0.0344 59.111 0.2334 0.0333
Total 401.1034 1.0000 7.0057 1.0000
Menghitung densitas
T = 60.34 oC = 333.34 K
Komponen fraksi A B n Tc , kg/m3 .x (kg/m3)
C2H4O2 0.8541 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 913.0550 779.8018
CH3OH 0.0830 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 753.7381 62.5432
C2H7N 0.0296 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65 606.8584 17.9904
C3H9N 0.0333 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25 581.8928 19.3884
Total 1.0000 879.7239
BM campuran = 57.2536
cairan = 879.7239 kg/m3
*) Menghitung volume tangki

Dirancang waktu tinggal = 10 menit = 0.1667 jam
volume = 401.1034 kg/jam x 0.1667 jam
879.7239 kg/m3
= 0.0760 m3
over design = 20%
V = 1,2 x 0.0760 m3
= 0.0912 m3
Dirancang L/D = 2
Volume tangki = Vshell + 2 Vhead
2
4
. D . L+ 2 D3
24 ( )
2 3
VT =
4
. D . L+ 2 D
24
( )
VT = . D2 . L+ . D3
4 12
2
. D .2 D+ .D3
VT = 4 12
2 3 3
VT = .D + .D
4 12
VT 7 3
= .D
12
1/3
Diameter : D=
[ (12.V T ) / ( 7 ) ]
= 0.3679 m = 14.4832 in
Panjang : L = 2.D
L= 0.7357 m = 28.9664 in

Dirancang menggunakan carbon steel
P.r
ts = +C (Brownell, hal 140)
(f .E0,6. P)
ts = tebal shell
P = tekanan dalam vessel = 39.7 psia
r = Jari-jari = .Diameter = 0,5 x 14.4832
= 7.2416 in

f = Allowable stress, = 100 N/mm2 (Table 7.6 Caulson hal. 254)
= 14507.7720 psia
sehingga : ts = 0.1484 in
Jadi diameter luar accumulator :
OD = ID + 2ts
OD = 14.8582 in
= 0.3774 m

Dari tabel 5-7 Brownell, w= 1
4 ( )
3+
r
icr
untuk OD = 14.8582 in
1
4( )
3+
r
icr
ts = 3/16 in = 1.7500 in
OD standar 18 in
P .r .w
icr = 1 1/8 in th = +C
r= 18 in (2. f . E0,2 .P )
th = 0.1757 in
untuk th = 3/16 in pada tabel 5.6 Brownell & young, hal 88 diperoleh sf = 1 1/2 - 22
OD
D = OD standart - (2*ts)
a = ID
icr b 2
OA
B A = 8.8125 in
r ID
sf
AB = - icr
ID t
2
a = 7.6875 in
BC = r irc
= 16.8750 in
C AC = (BC2- AB2)1/2
Tinggi head th + b + Sf = 15.0222 in
= 5.1653 in b = r AC
= 0.1312 m = 2.9778 in
jadi panjang accumulator :
= 2 x tinggi head + L
= 0.2624 + 0.7357
= 0.9981 m
BM BM x
60.053 51.2887
32.042 2.6588
45.084 1.3365
59.111 1.9696
57.2536
Accumulator (Acc-02)
Fungsi : Menampung sementara kondensat dari MD-01

Jenis : Horisontal drum
Kondisi operasi :
1) Tekanan = 1.0 atm
2) Suhu = 64.80 C
= 337.95 K
Neraca massa :
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0020 60.053 0.0604 0.0010
CH3OH 1842.1872 0.9911 32.042 57.4929 0.9895
H 2O 8.9192 0.0048 18.015 0.4951 0.0085
C3H7NO 3.9759 0.0021 73.095 0.0544 0.0009
Total 1858.7117 1.0000 58.1028 1.0000
Menghitung densitas
T = 64.80 oC = 337.95 K
Komponen fraksi A B n Tc , kg/m3
C2H4O2 0.0010 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 905.5599
CH3OH 0.9895 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 749.1029
H 2O 0.0085 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65 600.6499
C3H7NO 0.0009 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25 575.2129
Total 1.0000
BM campuran = 31.9900
cairan = 747.8379 kg/m3
*) Menghitung volume tangki

volume = 1858.7117 kg/jam x 0.1667 jam
747.8379 kg/m3
= 0.4142 m3
over design = 20%
V = 1,2 x 0.4142 m3
= 0.4971 m3
Dirancang L/D = 2
Volume tangki = Vshell + 2 Vhead
2
4
. D . L+ 2 D3
24 ( )
2 3
VT =
4 ( )
. D . L+ 2 D
24
VT = . D2 . L+ . D3
4 12
2
. D .2 D+ .D3
VT = 4 12
2 3 3
VT = .D + .D
4 12
VT 7 3
= .D
12
1/3
Diameter : D=
[(12.V T ) / ( 7 ) ]
= 0.6474 m = 25.4896 in
Panjang : L = 2.D
L= 1.2949 m = 50.9791 in

Dirancang menggunakan carbon steel
P.r
ts = +C (Brownell, hal 140)
(f .E0,6. P)
ts = tebal shell
P = tekanan dalam vessel = 14.7 psia
r = Jari-jari = .Diameter = 0,5 x 25.4896
= 12.7448 in

f = Allowable stress, = 100 N/mm2 (Table 7.6 Caulson hal. 254)
= 14507.7720 psia
sehingga : ts = 0.1402 in
Jadi diameter luar accumulator :
OD = ID + 2ts
OD = 25.8646 in
= 0.6570 m

Dari tabel 5-7 Brownell, w= 1
4 ( )
3+
r
icr
untuk OD = 25.8646 in
1
4( )
3+
r
icr
ts = 3/16 in = 1.7108 in
OD standar = 26 in
P .r .w
icr = 1 5/8 in th = +C
r= 24 in (2. f . E0,2.P )
th = 0.1495 in
untuk th = 3/16 in pada tabel 5.6 Brownell & young, hal 88 diperoleh sf = 1 1/2 - 2, D2
OD
D = OD standart - (2*ts)
a = ID
icr b 2
OA
B A = 12.8125
r ID
sf
AB =
ID t
2
a = 11.1875
BC = r irc
= 22.3750
C AC = (BC2- AB2)1/2
Tinggi head= th + b + Sf = 19.3773
= 6.8102 in b = r AC
= 0.1730 m = 4.6227
jadi panjang accumulator :
= 2 x tinggi head + L
= 0.3460 + 1.2949
= 1.6408 m
.x (kg/m3) BM BM x
0.9419 60.053 0.0625
741.2393 32.042 31.7056
5.1182 18.015 0.1535
0.5385 73.095 0.0684
747.8379 31.9900
OD standart - (2*ts)
in
- icr
in
in
(BC - AB )
2 2 1/2
in
in
Reboiler-01
Kode : Rb-01
Fungsi : menguapkan sebagian produk bawah MD-01
Jenis : Double pipe HE
Komponen
C2H4O2 60339.3595 24874.6389 645.6115
CH3OH 399253.9322 1682.8079 422259.7095
C2H7N 2728.8095 1122.1020
C3H9N 2887.4882 1178.8835
H2O 4230.7510 4503.1997
C3H7NO 692799.0809 739100.3043
sub total 1162239.4212 28858.4323 1166508.8251
Total 1265341.7223 1265341.7223
Beban pendingin = 103102.3011 kJ/jam

Jika digunakan pemanas steam saturated :
Pada T = 160 oC = 320 oF
= 2081.3 kJ/kg (Smith-vanness, App. F)
Maka kebutuhan steam :
m= Qs-1

m= 103102.3011
2081.3
m= 49.5375 kg/jam
komponen kg %berat BM kmol

C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0006 60.053 0.0604
CH3OH 1844.0312 0.3160 32.042 57.5504
H2O 12.4184 0.0021 18.015 0.6893
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.6813 73.095 54.3937
Total 5835.9844 1.0000 112.6939
Perancangan alat Reboiler

Fluida dingin :
Suhu masuk : 111.75 C 233.16
Suhu keluar : 121.75 C 251.16
Massa masuk : 5835.9844 kg
: 12865.9268 lb
Fluida panas : Suhu steam : 160 C 320
Kebutuhan steam: 49.5375 kg/jam
: 109.2096 lb
: 108772.9276 Btu
320.00 Higher temp 251.16 68.84
320.00 Lower temp 233.16 86.84
TLMTD =
t 2 - t 1
= 77.49 oF
t 2
ln
( t 1 )
t 1+ t2
tavg = ta = = 242.16 oF
2
Tav = T 1 + T 2= 320.00 oF
2
Menghitung densitas
* Fluida Panas
T = 160.00 oC = 433.00 K
Komponen A B n Tc
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
* Fluida Dingin
T = 116.75 oC = 389.75 K
Komponen %mol A B n
C2H4O2 0.0005 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.5107 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
H2O 0.0061 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571
C3H7NO 0.4827 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630
Total 1.0000
Menghitung viskositas
* Fluida Panas
T = 160.00 oC = 433.00 K
Komponen A B C D
H2O -10.2158 1.7925E+03 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-05
* Fluida Dingin
T = 116.75 oC = 389.75 K
Komponen %mol A B C
C2H4O2 0.0005 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02
CH3OH 0.5107 -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02
H2O 0.0061 -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02
C3H7NO 0.4827 -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02
Total 1.0000
Untuk exchanger fluida panas steam dan fluida dingin medium organic
UD =50 - 100 Btu/ft2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern)
diambil harga UD = 70 Btu/ft2.oF.jam
A = Q = 108772.9276
U D T LMTD 5424.58473722
= 20.0518 ft2
cdotL}a{ karena A < 200 f2 maka digunakan jenis Double pipe

A

tN=
ID : 2.067 in
b) Inner pipe : (IPS: 1 1/4 in)
OD : 1.66 in
ID : 1.38 in
Fluida dingin :medium organic, inner pipe Fluida panas : steam, anulus
D= 1.38 D2 =
12
= 0.1150 f =
ap = 3,14 D /4 =
2
0.010382 f2 D1 =
Gp = w/ap = 12865.9268 lb/jam
cdotL}a{
A 0.010382 f2 =

tN=

cdotL}a{
A

=Nt = 1239297.9749 lb/jam f2
= 0.2776 cP aa =
= 0.6717 lb/f jam =
De =
Reynolds =
DG p = 142519.267109035 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa =
Re p =
0.6717 lb/jam.f
= 212179.6032 =
jH = 470 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T =
At = 242.16 o
F =
c= 1.5000 Btu/lb. F (fig.2 Kern, hal 804)
o
=
DG p =
1/3 Re p =
c.
( )k
= 1.63
1/3 0 .14

=
jH =
k c.
Q
hi = jH . .
D k ( )( ) .
.
t =
c=
Ud= = 1555.8378 Btu/jam f F 2o
k=
AtLMTD hio = hi x ID/OD 1/3
c.
= 1293.4073 Btu/jam f F 2o
( )k
k c
=
1

hoi
Uc=
ho= jH
De k ( )( 3

h+oi =

DIC'Bat
=aNst hio .ho
1414PnT Uc= = 63.7130 Btu/jam f2 oF
hio +ho
Dari tabel 11 Kern untuk 1 1/4 in IDS standar pipe = 0,435 f 2/f (eksternal surface per foot length)
= 10.4400
UD = Q =
108772.9276 =
A . T
w 10.4400 77.4941
=Gt UC UD
at Dirt factor : Rd = 0.0029 jam f2F/Btu
UC . UD
UC UD
UC . UD
67.0141 h outside 1293.4073

W UD =
=Gs 53.7789 Btu/jam f2 oF
a Rd = 0.0029 jam f2F/Btu
S
Pressure drop :
Rep = 212179.6032 De ' =
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep =
GIDt 212179.6032 0, 42 f = 0,0035 +
=Ret (= 0.00503
) 0, 42
s= 0.94000
(= )
2
()
1/2do
0.86P4T
24
De=
2
4 fG a L
=
=
58.7500
1.1172 f
lb/f3
=
s=
1/2do Pp= 2
2
4 fG a L =
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 1.1172 x 58.7500 V=
144 F1 =
= 0.4558 psi Pa =
GDes
=Res

1
c3
()k=
k
1
kc3
=jHhos
Dek )(
hoi
Uc=
h+oi
hoi
Uc=
h+oi
cUd
=Rd
Ucd
GfLn2
=Ptt10
5.2D10t
fG2(N+1)Ds
s
sP=10
5.2Ds10es
%mol
0.0005
0.5107
0.0061
0.4827
1.0000
F
F
F
, kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
892.0189 55.6620
487.20 812.3835 0.0272
512.58 691.6485 22.0403
647.13 938.6302 0.3583
647.00 854.8083 25.7455
48.1713
, cp
0.1709
D , cp .x
-2.30E-05 0.1525 0.0001
-2.35E-05 0.2042 0.1043
-1.26E-05 0.2370 0.0015
-1.01E-05 0.3559 0.1718
0.2776
11 Kern hal 844)
panas : steam, anulus

tung flow area
2.067
12
0.1723 f
1.66
12
0.1383 f
3,14(D22-D12)/4
0.0083 f
(D22-D12)/D1
0.0761 f
109.2096 lb/jam
0.0083 f2
13206.8626513 lb/jam f2
320.00 o
F
0.1709 cP
0.4137 lb/jam.f
1005.68999399 lb/jam.f
0.4137 lb/jam.f
2431.13714254
43 (fig.24)
320.00 o
F
0.0143 (Tabel 4 Kern) 0.000144746
8.30
1 0, 14
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
eksternal surface per foot length)
0.0339 f
1082.8247
0.264
1082.8247 0, 42
( 0.01753
)
1.00000
62.5000 lb/f3 (tabel 6.hal 808)
0.0013 f
0.0587 fps
0.0002 f
0.00149 x 62.5000
144.00
0.0006 psi
Reboiler-02
Kode : Rb-02
Fungsi : menguapkan sebagian produk bawah MD-02
Jenis : Shell and Tube
Komponen
C2H4O2 406.0770 282.8143
CH3OH 267,874.7499 187,143.2662 639.0646
H2O 2,918.1087 1,482.4541 1,866.1500
C3H7NO 472,246.4464 331.2426 1,103,349.3458
sub total 743,445.3819 189,239.7771 1,105,854.5603
Beban Kondensor 442,825.8092
Panas Reboiler 994,474.7647
Total 1,737,920.1467 1,737,920.1467

Pada T = 160 oC = 320 oF
m= Qs-1

m= 994474.7647
2081.3
m= 477.8142 kg/jam

CH3OH 1.8440 0.0005 32.042 0.0576
H 2O 3.4992 0.0009 18.015 0.1942
C3H7NO 3971.9295 0.9987 73.095 54.3393
Total 3977.2727 1.0000 54.5911

Fluida dingin :
Suhu masuk : 151.78 C 305.20
Suhu keluar : 156.78 C 314.20
: 8768.2379 lb
: 1053.3823 lb
: 1049170.8768 Btu
320.00 Higher temp 314.20 5.80
320.00 Lower temp 305.20 14.80
TLMTD =
t 2 - t 1
= 9.60 oF
t 2
ln
( t 1 )
t 1+ t2
tavg = ta = = 309.70 oF 154.28
2
Tav = T 1 + T 2= 320.00 oF 160
2
Menghitung densitas
* Fluida Panas
T = 160.00 oC = 433.00 K
Komponen A B n Tc
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
* Fluida Dingin
T = 154.28 oC = 427.28 K
komponen %mol A B n
CH3OH 0.0011 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
H 2O 0.0036 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571
C3H7NO 0.9954 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630
Total 1.0000
* Fluida Panas
T = 160.00 oC = 433.00 K
Komponen A B C D
H2O -10.2158 1.7925E+03 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-05
* Fluida Dingin
T = 154.28 oC = 427.28 K
komponen %mol A B C
CH3OH 0.0011 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02
H 2O 0.0036 -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02
C3H7NO 0.9954 -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02
Total 1.0000
Untuk exchanger fluida panas steam dan fluida dingin light organic
UD = 100-200 Btu/ft2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern, hal 808 )
diambil harga UD = 110 Btu/ft2.oF.jam
A = Q = 1049170.8768
U D T LMTD 1056.237918341
= 993.3092 ft2
karena A > 200 f2 maka digunakan jenis shell and tube HE
cdotL}a{ PERANCANGAN PIPA

A
Dari tabel 10. Kern, dipilih pipa dengan spesifikasi :
=Nt
Tube side Shell side
OD tube : 1 in ID :
ID tube : 0.87 in Baffle Space :
cdotL}a{ BWG : 16 1 1/4
A

=Nt a't : 0.594 in2

a" : 0.2618 f2/lin f
L: 20 f
Passes (n) : 2
Jumlah tube (Nt) = L a} } } {

A = 993.3092

5.236

= 189.7076
Digunakan jumlah pipa standart Nt standar

Nt = 199 buah tube (Tabel 9, Kern)
FLUIDA DINGIN (SHELL)

cdotL}a{
A Jenis Fluida = Light Organic
Letak = Shell
tN=

Menghitung Flow Area (ap)
cdotL}a{ as = ID C' B (Eq 7.1)
A
144 PT
tN=
C = clearance between tube
= Pitch - ODtube
= 1/4 in
B = baffle spacing
PT = tube pitch
as = 0.1568 f2
Menghitung Kecepatan Massa (Gs)

Gs = w / as
Gs = 55922.5469 lb/jam.f2
tavg = 154.28 o
C = 309.70 o
F
= 0.2727 Cp
Q
Ud= = 0.6598 lb/f jam
AtLMTD
1 1
De = 4 x 2 PTx 0,86PT 2 do / 4
2

1 do
2
(Pers. 7.5, Kern)
dimana, do = outside diameter of tubes, in
hQoi
Ud=Uc= De = 0.7118 in
Aht+LMTD = 0.0593 f
oi
ID C'Bat
a=Ns
Menghitung Bilangan Reynold (Re)
14t 4PTn
D .G
hoi
Res =
Uc=

h+oi Res = 5027.0395 (Turbulan)
L/D = 337.1812
jH = 42 (Fig. 28, Kern, Hal. 838)
tavg = ta = 309.7049525433 o
F
w k= 0.148 Btu/jam.f2.(oF/f) (Tabel 4, Kern)
=G=Natta't c= 0.5 (Fig. 2, Kern, Hal. 804)
ID14C'Bnat
s =a 1/3
14PT c.
( )
k
= 1.3074
1 /3 0 .14
k c.
hi = jH .
D
. (
k ) ( ) .
.
hi = 184.8267 Btu/jam f2 oF 1.3523749921
W
=Gs
a ho = hi x ID/OD
S
w ho = 160.7992 Btu/jam f2 oF
=Gt
at
Clean Overall Coefficient (Uc)
GIDt
=Ret Uc=
hio . ho
hio + ho
2 Uc = 146.2904
()
1W/2do
0.86P4Gs=T
2a4S Design Overall Coefficient (U )
De= D
1/2do 1 1
= + Rd
U D Uc
GIDt dimana:
tRe= Rd = Fouling Factor

GIDt
=Ret

Rd = 0.003 (Tabel 8, Kern, 1950, Hal 840)
1 = 0.0098
UD
2 UD = 101.6702 Btu/jam f2 oF
()
1/2do
0.86P4T
s
G24D
De=
Re= es
TOTAL SURFACE
1/2do
a" = 0.2618 f2/lin f (Tabel 10, Kern)
1
c3
()k=
k Total Surface = Nt x L x a"
= 1041.964 f2
DGp
=Repc.1/3
(k=jHh)c
UD KOREKSI
1
c.kD)(k
30.14/3 Q Btu/jam f2 oF
.hi=jH()
os U D= = 104.8635
e A . T LMTD
kD.

hoi DIRT FACTOR
GUc=hDes+
s =Reoi U -U C D = 0.0027 jam f2F/Btu
R D=
U C U D
160.7992 h outside 1621.3180

cUd
=Rd1/3 UD = 104.8635 Btu/jam f2 oF
c.Ucd
(k) MENGHITUNG PRESSURE DROP
RD = 0.0027 jam f2F/Btu
k1c3
=jHhos )(
Dek FLUIDA DINGIN (SHELL)
Res = 5027.0395
hoi
Uc= f = 0.0028 (Fig. 29, Kern)
h+oi
s = 1.42 (tabel 6. hal 808)
GfLn2 t = 1
t
=Pt10
5.2D10t D = 0.0593 f
cUd
dR=
Ucd n = Passes = 6
fG2Ds(N+1)
s
P=s10 r= 62.5
5.2Ds10es
Number of Crosses
N + 1 = 12.L / B
= 542.1176
Ps = f . G2 . D . (N+1)
5,22 . 1010 . D . S .t
GffGLn(N+1)D2 = 0.0640 psia

s=Pt
2s
Ps=t1010
5.25.2Dess10tD10
%mol
0.0011
0.0036
0.9954
1.0000
F
F
F
C
, kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
892.0189 55.6620
512.58 640.9996 0.0422
647.13 898.4066 0.1995
647.00 814.3058 50.5783
50.8200
, cp
0.1709
D , cp .x
-2.30E-05 0.1080 0.0001
-1.26E-05 0.1774 0.0006
-1.01E-05 0.2732 0.2719
0.2727
21 1/4 in
5.3125 in = 0.4427 f
Triangular pitch
FLUIDA PANAS (TUBE)

Jenis Fluida = Steam
Letak = Tube

a't = 0.594 in2
at = Number of Tubes x Flow Area per Tube

Number of Passes
at = (Nt . a't) / (144 . n) (Pers. 7.48)
at = 0.3913
Menghitung Kecepatan Massa (Gt)

Gt = w / at
Gt = 2692.1995 lb/jam.f2
Tavg = 160.0000 o
C = 320 o
F
= 0.1709 Cp
= 0.4137 lb/f jam
D = ID tube
D = 0.8700 in
= 0.0725 f
D .G
Re=
Re =

471.8355 (Laminer)
t
L/D = 275.8621
jH = 13 (Fig. 24, Kern, Hal. 838)
tavg = ta = 320.0000 o
F
k= 0.2000 Btu/jam.f2.(oF/f)
(Tabel 4, Kern)
c= 0.0143 (Fig. 2, Kern, Hal. 805)
1/3
c.
( )
k
= 5.7739
1 /3 0 .14
k c.
hi = jH .
D
. ( ) ( )
k
.
.
hi = 207.0649 Btu/jam f2 oF
hio = hi x ID/OD
hio = 1621.3180 Btu/jam f2 oF 9
FLUIDA PANAS (TUBE)
Ret = 471.8355
f = 0.001 (Fig. 26, Kern)
s = 1
t = 1
D = 0.0725 f
n = Passes = 12
Pt = f . G2 . L . N = 0.0005 psia
5,22 . 1010 . D . s . t
Reboiler-03
Kode : Rb-01
Fungsi : menguapkan sebagian produk bawah St-01
Jenis : Double pipe HE
NP Total di Sekitar St-01
Komponen
C2H4O2 20120.6387 1.5664 22365.6449
CH3OH 1363.2553 1515.7919
C2H7N 906.3453 49.1490 227.4212
C3H9N 951.2566 66.0854 138.9358
sub total 23341.4959 116.8008 24247.7937
Total 32937.6505 32937.6505

Pada T = 160 oC = 320 oF
m= Qs-1

m= 9596.1546
2081.3
m= 4.6107 kg/jam

C2H7N 2.8107 0.0074 60.053 0.0468
C3H9N 1.3798 0.0036 45.084 0.0306
C2H4O2 358.9561 0.9402 60.053 5.9773
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0488 32.042 0.5813
Total 381.7732 1.0000 6.6360

Fluida dingin :
Suhu masuk : 45.38 C 113.68
Suhu keluar : 55.38 C 131.68
: 841.6516 lb
: 10.1646 lb
: 10123.9431 Btu
320.00 Higher temp 131.68 188.32
320.00 Lower temp 113.68 206.32
TLMTD =
t 2 - t 1
= 197.19 oF
t 2
ln
( t 1 )
t 1+ t2
tavg = ta = = 122.68 oF
2
Tav = T 1 + T 2= 320.00 oF
2
Menghitung densitas
* Fluida Panas
T = 160.00 oC = 433.00 K
Komponen A B n Tc
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
* Fluida Dingin
T = 50.38 oC = 323.38 K
Komponen %mol A B n
C2H7N 0.0071 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800
C3H9N 0.0046 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870
C2H4O2 0.9007 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.0876 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
Total 1.0000
* Fluida Panas
T = 160.00 oC = 433.00 K
Komponen A B C D
H2O -10.2158 1.7925E+03 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-05
* Fluida Dingin
T = 50.38 oC = 323.38 K
Komponen %mol A B C
C2H7N 0.0071 -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02
C3H9N 0.0046 -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02
C2H4O2 0.9007 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02
CH3OH 0.0876 -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02
Total 1.0000
Untuk exchanger fluida panas steam dan fluida dingin heavy organic
UD =6 - 60 Btu/f2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern)
A = Q = 10123.9431
U D T LMTD 1183.116141844
= 8.5570 f2

ID : 2.067 in
OD : 1.66 in
ID : 1.38 in
Fluida dingin :medium organic, inner pipe Fluida panas : steam, anulus
D= 1.38 D2 =
12
= 0.1150 f =
ap = 3,14 D /4 =
2
0.010382 f2 D1 =
Gp = w/ap = 841.6516 lb/jam
0.010382 f2 =
= 81071.2808 lb/jam f 2
= 0.2733 cP aa =
= 0.6613 lb/f jam =
De =
Reynolds =
DG p = 9323.1972881786 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa =
Re p =
0.6613 lb/jam.f
= 14099.0100 =
jH = 50 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T =
At = 122.68 o
F =
DG p =
1/3 Re p =
c.
( )k
= 1.33
1/3 0 .14

=
jH =
k c.
hi = jH . .
D k ( )( ) .
.
t =
c=
= 163.6602 Btu/jam f F 2o
k=
c.
= 136.0549 Btu/jam f2 oF
( )k
k c
=
1

ho= jH
De k ( )( 3

=
hio .ho
Uc= = 8.0523 Btu/jam f2 oF
hio +ho
= 10.4400
UD = Q =
40495.7724 =
A . T 10.4400 197.1860
UC UD
UC . UD
8.5589 h outside 136.0549

Pressure drop :
Rep = 14099.0100 De ' =
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep =
14099.0100 0, 42 f = 0,0035 +
(= 0.00827
) 0, 42
s= 0.94000
(= )
= 58.7500 lb/f3 s=
=
4 fG 2
a L = 0.0079 f
Pp= 2
4 fG 2a L =
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 0.0079 x 58.7500 V=
144 F1 =
= 0.0032 psi Pa =
=
%mol
0.0071
0.0046
0.9007
0.0876
1.0000
F
F
F
, kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
892.0189 55.6620
437.65 619.8110 0.2728
433.25 595.8450 0.1715
487.20 928.9242 52.2110
512.58 763.5501 4.1737
56.8290
, cp
0.1709
D , cp .x
-4.13E-05 0.1577 0.0011
-1.61E-05 0.1425 0.0007
-2.30E-05 0.2628 0.2367
-2.35E-05 0.3972 0.0348
0.2733
11 Kern hal 844)
panas : steam, anulus

tung flow area
2.067
12
0.1723 f
1.66
12
0.1383 f
3,14(D22-D12)/4
0.0083 f
(D22-D12)/D1
0.0761 f
10.1646 lb/jam
0.0083 f2
1229.21694817 lb/jam f2
320.00 o
F
0.1709 cP
0.4137 lb/jam.f
93.6036981573 lb/jam.f
0.4137 lb/jam.f
226.275918652
3 (fig.24)
320.00 o
F
2.85
1 0, 14
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
8.5589 Btu/jam f2 oF 5.8208826786
eksternal surface per foot length)
0.0339 f
100.7829
0.264
100.7829 0, 42
( 0.04153
)
1.00000
62.5000 lb/f3 (tabel 6.hal 808)
0.000027 f
0.0055 fps
0.0000 f
0.00003 x 62.5000
144.00
0.000012 psi
PERANCANGAN (HE-01)
Fungsi : menaikkan suhu bahan baku Dimethylamine menuju Reaktor-01

Neraca panas :
Panas masuk : T= 305.15 K
komponen Kmol A B C
C2 H 7 N 54.5390 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03
C3 H 9 N 0.2101 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388
H 2O 0.6893 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
Total 55.4384
Panas keluar : T= 383.15 K

komponen Kmol A B C
C2H7N 54.5390 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03
C3H9N 0.2101 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388
H2O 0.6893 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
Total 55.4384
Beban panas = 700980.6257 Kj
Dipakai steam dengan spesifikasi sebagai berikut:

Suhu : 160 oC = 320 oF
Hev : 2081.3 kj/kg

Q = 700980.6257
2081.3000
= 336.7994 kg/jm
Massa masuk :
Komponen Kg/jm Fraksi BM Kmol
C2 H 7 N 2458.8369 0.9900 45.084 54.5390
C3 H 9 N 12.4184 0.0050 59.111 0.2101
H 2O 12.4184 0.0050 18.015 0.6893
Total 2483.6736 1.0000 55.4384
Perancangan alat HE :
Fluida dingin :
Suhu masuk : 89.60 F
Suhu keluar : 230.00 F
: 5475.4710 lb
Fluida panas : Suhu steam 320 F
Kebutuhan steam : 336.7994 kg
: 742.5031 lb
Beban panas (Q) : 700980.6257 Kj
: 739534.5602 Btu
"Menentukan spesifikasi alat"

Fluida panas oF Fluida dingin oF t
320 Higher temp 230.00 90.00
320 Lower temp 89.60 230.40
T12
t21 DTLMTD =
t 2 - t 1 Tav =
= 149.3605 oF
t 2
t-21
ln
( )
t 1
tav =
t2 "Viskositas dan densitas cairan

ln
1t Viskositas :
T= 344.15 K
t12 Komponen A B C D
2C H N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05
2 7
C3 H 9 N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05

H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
Total
Steam T= 433.15
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
Densitas :
Density = A. B (1-T/Tc) ^ n T= 344.15 K
Komponen A B n Tc
C2 H 7 N 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65
C3 H 9 N 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25
H 2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
Total
Steam T= 433.15
H 2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
Untuk exchanger fluida panas steam dan lightorganik fluida dingin

UD =100 - 200Btu/f2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern, 1969 : 840)
A = Q = 739534.5602 = 49.5134
U D T LMTD 14936.0548795
Q
U D T LMTD

cdotL}a{
A

=Nt

ID : 3.068 in
OD : 2.38 in
ID : 2.067 in
Fluida dingin :light organic, inner pipe Fluida panas : steam, anulus
D= 2.067 D2 =
12
= 0.1723 f =
DGp ap = 3,14 D2/4 = D1 =
Rep 0.023291 f2

cdotL}a{ Gp = w/ap = 5475.4710 lb/jam
A
0.023291 f2 =
=Nt
= 235089.5701 lb/jam f2
= 0.1370 cP aa =
= 0.3317 lb/f jam =
3/1
.c De =

k Reynolds =
1/3 DG p = 40494.1784420508 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa =
.ck.c14.03/1
() .jHhik
Dk.
Re p =
0.3317 lb/jam.f
= 122096.3356 =
DGp
Rep jH = 250 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T =

At = 159.80 o
F =
DG p=
.kc0.14/3 1/3 Re p =
().hi=jH
kD.
c.
( )
k
= 0.77
=
1 /3 0 .14 jH =
k c.
hi = jH . .
D k ( ) ( ) .
.
t =
c=
= 337.1641 Btu/jam f2 oF k=
Q
Ud= hio = hi x ID/OD 1/3
c.
AtLMTD
ioh.
Uc
hio
= 292.8228 Btu/jam f2 oF
( )k
=
k c
1
ho= jH
De k ( )( 3
1
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( 3
hoi =
Uc=
h+oi
Q
.AT Clean overall coefficient, Uc:
hio .ho
Uc= = 220.4295 Btu/jam f2 oF
CUD hio +ho
C.UIDDC'B
a't
Na=as=t
1414nPT Design overall coefficient,Ud :
= 14.9280
UD = Q =
739534.5602 =
A . T 14.9280 149.3605
UC UD
w UC . UD
=Gt
42,0at
()
891.6123 h outside 292.8228
2
4LfG
Fpa a
2Dg2WDg
22
Gs= Pressure drop :

aS Rep = 122096.3356 De ' =
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep =
122096.33560, 42 f = 0,0035 +
(= 0.00543
) 0, 42
s= 0.93000 =
( )
GIDWt
=G=Rest = 58.1250 lb/f3 s=
aS
=
4 fG 2
a L = 0.0296 f
Pp= 2
4 fG 2a L=
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 0.0296 x58.1250 V=
2 144 F1 =
()
1/2do
0.86P4T
24
De=
= 0.0119 psi Pa =
1/2do =
P total = 0.0141 psi
GDes
sRe=

1
c3
()k=
k
k1c3
=jHhos
Dek )(
hoi
Uc=
h+oi
cUd
=Rd
Ucd
GfLn2
t
fG=P2t(N+1)Ds10
s5.2D10
Ps=10t
5.2Dess10
e. Neraca Panas di Sekitar Heat Exchanger (HE-01)
Tabel 2.11 Neraca Panas di Sekitar Heat Exchanger (H

D Cp dT
Q =m CpdT komponen Masuk, kJ/Jam
5.399E-06 1058.1880 57712.5277 C2H7N 57712.5277
4.6585E-06 985.0209 206.9387 C3H9N 206.9387
5.35E-07 539.6455 371.9965 H2 O 371.9965
58291.4628 Sub total 58291.4628
Beban Pemanas 700980.6257
Total 759272.0886
D Cp dT
Q =m CpdT
5.399E-06 13790.562353473 752123.6678
4.6585E-06 12990.527764958 2729.1224
5.35E-07 6410.9598915304 4419.2984
759272.0886
Fraksi(x)
0.9838
0.0038
0.0124
1.0000
320 oF
159.8 oF
344.15 K
fraksi umpan , Cp x
0.9838 0.13384 0.13167
0.0038 0.11723 0.00044
0.0124 0.39670 0.00493
1.00000 0.13705
, Cp
0.17077
(kg/m3) , x BM BM.x
592.04514 582.43994 45.084 44.35257
565.96240 2.14473 59.111 0.22400
984.25501 12.23846 18.015 0.22400
596.82314 44.80057
(kg/m3)
891.85035
f2
bel 11 Kern hal 844)
da panas : steam, anulus

nghitung flow area
3.068
12
0.2557 f
2.38
12
0.1983 f
3,14(D22-D12)/4
0.0204 f
(D22-D12)/D1
0.1312 f
742.5031 lb/jam
0.0204 f2
36338.381734 lb/jam f2
320.00 o
F
0.1708 cP
0.4133 lb/jam.f
DG p 4769.0614333 lb/jam.f
p=
0.4133 lb/jam.f
11539.669875
130 (fig.24)
320.00 o
F
1/3
c.
( )
k
k c
1.79
1
0, 14
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
1 0, 14
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
ternal surface per foot length)
0.0573 f
5041.1921
0.264
( 5041.1921
0, 42
0.01085
)
1.00000
62.5000 lb/f3 (tabel 6.hal 808)
4 fG 2a L 0.0037 f
a= 2
2 g D
0.1615 fps
0.0012 f
0.00489 x 62.5000
144.00
0.0021 psi
r Heat Exchanger (HE-01)
di Sekitar Heat Exchanger (HE-01)

Keluar, kJ/Jam
752123.6678
2729.1224
4419.2984
759272.0886
759272.0886
PERANCANGAN (HE-02)
Fungsi : menaikkan suhu bahan baku Methylformate dari tangki-02 menuju Reaktor-01
Neraca panas :
Panas masuk : T= 305.1500 K
komponen Kmol A B C D
C2H4O2 60.4374 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06
CH3OH 3.7381 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06
Total 64.1755

C2H4O2 60.4374 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06
CH3OH 3.7381 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06
Total 64.1755

Suhu : 160 oC = 320 oF
Hev : 2081.3 kj/kg

Q = 607820.5090
2081.3000
= 292.0389 kg/jm
Massa masuk :
Komponen Kg/jm Fraksi BM Kmol Fraksi(x)
C2H4O2 3629.4479 0.9681 60.053 60.4374 0.9418
CH3OH 119.7758 0.0319 32.042 3.7381 0.0582
Total 3749.2237 1.0000 64.1755 1.0000
Fluida dingin :
: 8265.4844 lb
: 643.8247 lb
: 641250.6370 Btu

320 Higher temp 230.00 90.00
320 Lower temp 89.60 230.40
DTLMTD =
t 2 - t 1 Tav =
= 149.3605 oF 320
t 2
ln
( )
t 1
tav = 159.80
344.15
"Viskositas dan densitas cairan

Viskositas :
T= 344.15 K
Komponen A B C D fraksi umpan
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05 0.9418
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 0.0582
Total 1.00000
Steam T= 433.15 , Cp
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 0.17077
Densitas :
Komponen A B n Tc (kg/m3)
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 895.2982
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 742.7568
Total
Steam T= 433.15 (kg/m3)

H 2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 891.85035
Untuk exchanger fluida panas steam dan light organik fluida dingin
UD =100- 200 Btu/f2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern, 1969 : 840)
A = Q = 641250.6370 = 24.5332 f2
U D T LMTD 26138.0960392
Q
U D T LMTD

ID : 3.068 in
OD : 2.38 in
ID : 2.067 in
D= 2.067 D2 = 3.068
12 12
= 0.1723 f = 0.2557
ap = 3,14 D2/4 = 0.023291 f2 D1 = 2.38
Gp = w/ap = 8265.4844 lb/jam 12
0.023291 f 2
= 0.1983
= 354878.9106 lb/jam f2
= 0.2271 cP aa = 3,14(D22-D12)/4
= 0.5497 lb/f jam = 0.0204
De = (D22-D12)/D1
Reynolds = 0.1312
DG p = 61127.8923467212 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa = 643.8247
Re p =
0.5497 lb/jam.f 0.0204
= 111212.3781 = 31509.021607
jH = 275 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T = 320.00
At = 159.80 o
F = 0.1708
c= 1.0000 Btu/lb.oF (fig.2 Kern, hal 804) = 0.4133
DG p= 4135.254587
1/3 Re p =
c.
( )
k
= 1.25 0.4133
= 10006.05118
k c. 1 /3 0 .14 jH = 35
hi = jH . .
D k ( ) ( )
.
.
t =
c=
320.00
0.2000
= 565.0425 Btu/jam f2 oF k= 0.0143
c.
= 490.7323 Btu/jam f2 oF
( )k
= 1.79
1/3
c.
( )k
k c
1

ho= jH
De k ( )( 3
w
= 259.4262
hio .ho
Uc= = 169.7092 Btu/jam f2 oF
hio +ho
= 14.9280
UD = Q =
641250.6370 = 115.0404
A . T 14.9280 149.3605
UC UD
UC . UD
259.4262 h outside 490.7323

Pressure drop :
Rep = 111212.3781 De ' = 0.0573
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep = 4371.2191
111212.37810, 42 f = 0,0035 + 0.264
(= 0.00551
) 4371.2191 0, 42
s= 0.93000 =
( 0.01131
)
= 58.1250 lb/f3 s= 1.00000
= 62.5000
4 fG 2
a L = 0.0684 f
Pp= 2
2
4 fG a L= 0.0029
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 0.0684 x58.1250 V= 0.1400
144 F1 = 0.0009
= 0.0276 psi Pa = 0.00379
144.00
= 0.0016
Tabel 2.11 Neraca Panas di Sekitar Heat Exchanger (HE-02)

Cp dT
Q =m CpdT komponen Masuk, kJ/Jam Keluar, kJ/Jam
818.7579 49483.6065 C2 H 4 O 2 49483.6065 632562.5540
573.6074 2144.1948 CH3OH 2144.1948 26885.7563
51627.8013 Sub total 51627.8013 659448.3103
Total 659448.3103 659448.3103
Cp dT
Q =m CpdT
10466.407033469 632562.5540
7192.3822504333 26885.7563
659448.3103
o
F
o
F
K
, Cp x
0.2215 0.20856
0.3187 0.01857
0.22713
, x BM BM.x
843.1490 60.053 56.5550
43.2640 32.042 1.8664
886.4130 58.4214
f
f
lb/jam
f2
lb/jam f2
o
F
cP
lb/jam.f
lb/jam.f
lb/jam.f
(fig.24)
o
F
Btu/lb.oF (fig.2 Kern, hal 805)
(Tabel 4 Kern)
1 0,14
k c
H
De k ( )( ) 3
w
Btu/jam f2 oF 37.905236606
er foot length)
Btu/jam f2 oF
0, 42
)
lb/f3 (tabel 6.hal 808)
fps
f
x 62.5000
psi
nger (HE-02)
PERANCANGAN (HE-02)
Fungsi : menaikkan suhu bahan baku Pentane Reaktor-01

Neraca panas :
Panas masuk : T= 351.3000 K 78.3 C
C5H10 23.9306 37.101 0.23664 0.00011834 -2.1139E-07
i-C5H10 0.2369 19.735 0.11636 5.126E-04 -5.675E-07
Total 24.1675
Panas keluar : T= 408 K 130 C

C5H10 23.9306 37.101 0.23664 0.00011834 -2.1139E-07
i-C5H10 0.2369 19.735 0.11636 0.00051261 -5.6745E-07
Total 24.1675

Suhu : 160 oC = 320 oF
Hev : 2081.3 kj/kg

Q = 183067.3355
2081.3000
= 87.9582 kg/jm
Massa masuk :
Komponen Kg/jm Fraksi BM Kmol Fraksi(x)
C5H10 1678.2513 0.9902 70.13 23.9306 0.9902
i-C5H10 16.61468787 0.0098 70.13 0.2369 0.0098
Total 1694.8660 1.0000 24.1675 1.0000
Fluida dingin :
: 3736.4770 lb
: 193.9113 lb
: 193136.0389 Btu

320 Higher temp 274.73 45.27
320 Lower temp 172.67 147.33
DTLMTD =
t 2 - t 1 Tav =
= 86.4893 oF 320
t 2
ln
( )
t 1
tav = 223.70
379.65

Viskositas :
T= 379.65 K
Komponen A B C fraksi umpan
C5H10 -2.321 0.30131 -0.0001223 0.9902
i-C5H10 -2.903 0.2706 -0.000068331 0.0098
Total 1.00000
Steam T= 433.15 , Cp
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 0.17077
Densitas :
Komponen A B n Tc (kg/m3)
C5H10 0.23767 0.26648 0.2905 464.78 533.0178
i-C5H10 0.27236 0.27247 0.28571 511.76 658.6371
Total
Steam T= 433.15 (kg/m3)

H 2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 891.85035
Untuk exchanger fluida panas steam dan light organik fluida dingin
UD =100- 200 Btu/f2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern, 1969 : 840)
A = Q = 193136.0389 = 12.7604 f2
U D T LMTD 15135.6269211

ID : 3.068 in
OD : 2.38 in
ID : 2.067 in
D= 2.067 D2 = 3.068
12 12
= 0.1723 f = 0.2557
ap = 3,14 D2/4 = 0.023291 f2 D1 = 2.38
Gp = w/ap = 3736.4770 lb/jam 12
0.023291 f 2
= 0.1983
= 160425.7952 lb/jam f2
= 0.0094 cP aa = 3,14(D22-D12)/4
= 0.0228 lb/f jam = 0.0204
De = (D22-D12)/D1
Reynolds = 0.1312
DG p
= 27633.3432229394 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa = 193.9113
Re p =
0.0228 lb/jam.f 0.0204
= 1209612.0226 = 9490.0921304
jH = 1000 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T = 320.00
At = 223.70 o
F = 0.1708
c= 0.6500 Btu/lb.oF (fig.2 Kern, hal 804) = 0.4133
DG p= 1245.4828811
1/ 3 Re p =
c.
( k
=
) 0.59 0.4133
= 3013.6875955
k c. 1/3 0.14 jH = 11
hi= jH . . .
D k .()() t =
c=
320.00
1.1000
= 251.5140 Btu/jam f2 oF k= 0.0226
c. =
= 218.4367 Btu/jam f2 oF
( )k
2.72
k c
1

ho= jH
De k ( )( 3
w
1
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( 3
w
= 195.2724
hio .ho
Uc= = 103.1030 Btu/jam f2 oF
hio +ho
= 14.9280
UD = Q =
193136.0389 = 59.8356
A . T 14.9280 86.4893
UC UD
UC . UD
195.2724 h outside 218.4367

Pressure drop :
Rep = 1209612.0226 De ' = 0.0573
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep = 1316.5522
1209612.02260, 42 f = 0,0035 + 0.264
=
( 0.00424
) 1316.5522 0, 42
s= 0.63000 =
( 0.01643
)
= 39.3750 lb/f3 s= 0.91000
= 56.8750
4 fG 2
a L = 0.0234 f
Pp= 2
2
4 fG a L= 0.0005
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 0.0234 x39.3750 V= 0.0463
144 F1 = 0.0001
= 0.0064 psi Pa = 0.00056
144.00
= 0.0002
e. Neraca Panas di Sekitar Heat Exchanger (HE-0
Tabel 2.11 Neraca Panas di Sekitar Heat Exchang

E Cp dT
Q =m CpdT komponen
6.8054E-11 6391.2662 152946.6829 C2 H 4 O 2
1.705E-10 5011.9079 1187.3847 CH3OH
154134.0676 Sub total
Beban Pemanas
Total
E Cp dT
Q =m CpdT
6.8054E-11 13979.29191 334532.5085
1.7045E-10 11265.308034 2668.8946 komponen
337201.4031 C5H10
i-C5H10
Total
o
F
o
F
K
, Cp x
0.0094 0.00935
0.0090 0.00009
0.00944
, x BM BM.x
527.7927 70.13 69.4425
6.4566 70.13 0.6875
534.2493 70.1300
f
Jh
f
lb/jam
f2
lb/jam f2
o
F
cP
lb/jam.f
lb/jam.f
lb/jam.f
(fig.24)
o
F
Btu/lb.oF (fig.2 Kern, hal 805)
(Tabel 4 Kern)
1 0,14
k c
H ( )( )
De k
3
w
1 0,14
k c
H
De k ( )( ) 3
w
Btu/jam f2 oF 37.905236606
er foot length)
Btu/jam f2 oF
0, 42
)
lb/f3 (tabel 6.hal 808)
fps
f
x 56.8750
psi
Panas di Sekitar Heat Exchanger (HE-02)
1 Neraca Panas di Sekitar Heat Exchanger (HE-02)

152946.6829 334532.5085
1187.3847 2668.8946
154134.0676 337201.4031
183067.3355
337201.4031 337201.4031
Kmol
23.9306
A
37.101
B C D E
0.23664 0.000118 -2.11E-07 6.805E-11
6391.2662
Cp dT
0.2369 19.735 0.11636 5.126E-04 ### 1.705E-10 5011.9079

24.1675 11403.1742
649.3 193.3196
649.3 172.7976

Q =m CpdT
152946.6829
1187.3847
154134.0676
PERANCANGAN (HE-03)
Fungsi : menaikkan suhu hasil bawah striper menuju reaktor

Neraca panas :
Panas masuk : T= 329.1064 K 55.9564
komponen Kmol A B C
C2H7N 0.0623 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03
C3H9N 0.0233 47.960 0.7302 -0.0028388
C2H4O2 5.9773 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727
CH3OH 0.5813 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
Total 6.6443

komponen Kmol A B C
C2H7N 0.0623 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03
C3H9N 0.0233 47.960 0.7302 -0.0028388
C2H4O2 5.9773 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727
CH3OH 0.5813 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
Total 6.6443

Suhu : 160 oC = 320 oF
Hev : 2081.3 kj/kg

Q = 44336.7524
2081.3000
= 21.3024 kg/jm
Massa masuk :
Komponen Kg/jm Fraksi BM Kmol
C2H7N 2.8107 0.0074 45.084 0.0623
C3H9N 1.3798 0.0036 59.111 0.0233
C2H4O2 358.9561 0.9402 60.053 5.9773
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0488 32.042 0.5813
Total 381.7732 1.0000 6.6443
Fluida dingin :
: 841.6516 lb
: 46.9630 lb
: 46775.2738 Btu

320 Higher temp 230.00 90.00
320 Lower temp 132.72 187.28
DTLMTD =
t 2 - t 1 Tav =
= 132.7513 oF
t 2
ln
( )
t 1
tav =

Viskositas :
T= 356.13 K
Komponen A B C D
C2H7N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05
C3H9N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
Total
Steam T= 433.15
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
Densitas :
Komponen A B n Tc
C2H7N 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65
C3H9N 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58
Total
Steam T= 433.15
H 2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
Untuk exchanger fluida panas steam dan heavy organik fluida dingin
UD =6 - 60 Btu/f2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern, 1969 : 840)
A = Q = 46775.2738 = 35.2353
U D T LMTD 1327.5133072442

ID : 2.067 in
OD : 1.66 in
ID : 1.38 in
D= 1.38 D2 =
12
= 0.1150 f =
ap = 3,14 D /4 =
2
0.010382 f2 D1 =
Gp = w/ap = 841.6516 lb/jam
0.010382 f2 =
= 81071.2808 lb/jam f 2
= 0.2072 cP aa =
= 0.5014 lb/f jam =
De =
Reynolds =
DG p = 9323.1972881786 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa =
Re p =
0.5014 lb/jam.f
= 18594.9332 =
jH = 60 T =
At = 181.36 o
F =
DG p=
1/3 Re p =
c.
( )
k
= 1.16
1 /3 0 .14

=
jH =
k c.
hi = jH . .
D k ( ) ( ) .
.
t =
c=
= 214.9188 Btu/jam f F 2o
k=
c.
= 357.3349 Btu/jam f F 2o
( )k
=
k c
1
ho= jH
De k ( ) ( 3
hio .ho
hio +ho
= 10.4400
UD = Q = 46775.2738 =
A . T 10.4400 132.7513
UC UD
UC . UD
14.6254 h outside 357.3349

Pressure drop :
Rep = 18594.9332 De ' =
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep =
0, 42
( )
18594.9332 0, 42 f = 0,0035 +
(= )
s=
0.00775
0.93000 =
( )0, 42
= 58.1250 lb/f3 s=
=
4 fG 2
a L = 0.0075 f
Pp= 2
4 fG 2a L=
2 g D Pa=
2 g 2 D
PP = 0.0075 x 58.1250 V=
144 F1 =
= 0.0030 psi Pa =
=
Tabel 2.11 Neraca Panas di Sekitar Heat Exchanger (HE-0

D Cp dT
Q =m CpdT komponen
C2H7N
Masuk, kJ/Jam
5.399E-06 4713.6699 293.8653 293.8653
4.6585E-06 4403.1500 102.7809 C3H9N 102.7809
2.8945E-06 3630.5035 21700.6885 C2H4O2 21700.6885
1.460E-06 2530.5217 1471.0368 CH3OH 1471.0368
23568.3715 Sub total 23568.3715
Total 67905.1239
D
5.399E-06
13790.5624
Cp dT

Q =m CpdT
859.7479
4.6585E-06 12990.5278 303.2326
2.8945E-06 10466.4070 62561.0850
1.460E-06 7192.3823 4181.0584
67905.1239
Fraksi(x)
0.0094
0.0035
0.8996
0.0875
1.0000
320 oF
181.36 oF
356.13 K
fraksi umpan , Cp x
0.0094 0.1206 0.0011
0.0035 0.1043 0.0004
0.8996 0.2011 0.1809
0.0875 0.2828 0.0247
1.0000 0.2072
, Cp
0.1708
(kg/m3) , x BM BM.x
574.5303 5.3908 45.084 0.4230
547.1542 1.9222 59.111 0.2077
874.8935 787.0656 60.053 54.0245
730.1424 63.8808 32.042 2.8034
850.9464 56.8278
(kg/m3)
891.85035
f2
bel 11 Kern hal 844)
da panas : steam, anulus

nghitung flow area
2.067
12
0.1723 f
1.66
12
0.1383 f
3,14(D22-D12)/4
0.0083 f
(D22-D12)/D1
0.0761 f
46.9630 lb/jam
0.0083 f2
5679.3048599 lb/jam f2
320.00 o
F
0.1708 cP
0.4133 lb/jam.f
DG p 432.4736 lb/jam.f
p=
0.4133 lb/jam.f
1046.4539403
6 (fig.24)
320.00 o
F
1/3
c.
( )
k
k c
1.79
1
0,14
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
14.6254 Btu/jam f2 oF 7.2327978059
ksternal surface per foot length)
0.0339 f
466.0890
0.264
( 466.0890
0.02349
)0, 42
1.00000
62.5000 lb/f3 (tabel 6.hal 808)
4 fG 2a L 0.0003 f
a= 2
2 g D
0.0252 fps
0.0000 f
0.00036 x 62.5000
144.00
0.0002 psi
tar Heat Exchanger (HE-03)
s di Sekitar Heat Exchanger (HE-03)

Keluar, kJ/Jam
859.7479
303.2326
62561.0850
4181.0584
67905.1239
67905.1239
POMPA-01
Fungsi : Mengalirkan bahan baku dimethylamine ke dalam tangki penyimpanan.

C2H7N 2458.8369 0.9900 45.084 54.5390 0.9838
C3H9N 12.4184 0.0050 59.111 0.2101 0.0038
H2O 12.4184 0.0050 18.015 0.6893 0.0124
Total 2483.6736 1.0000 55.4384 1.0000
Desitas bahan baku

= 32 C
komponen %mol A B n Tc , kg/m3 BM .x
C2H7N 0.9838 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65 642.0787 45.084 631.6618
C3H9N 0.0038 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25 619.8902 59.111 2.3491
H2O 0.0124 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 1021.0367 18.015 12.6958
Total 1.0000 646.7067
Viskositas bahan baku :

T= 305.15 K
komponen A B C D , Cp x
C2H7N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05 0.1805 0.1776
C3H9N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05 0.1683 0.0006
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 0.7808 0.0097
Total 0.1880
Diperoleh :
Densitas = 646.7067 kg/m3
= 40.3712 lb/f3
Viskositas = 0.1880 cP
= 0.0001 lb/f dt
Kapasitas
* Menentukan kapasitas pompa : Qf
Waktu dtk
Kapasitas tiap truk tangki = 16000 Liter
16 m3 = 565.0352 f3
Waktu pengisian selama = 15 menit 900 detik
Qf = 0.6278 f3/s
= 64.0001 m3/jam
= 234.6242 gpm
= 0.0178 m3/s
Diambil :
Over Design = 20.00%
Faktor Keamanan = 20.00%
Sehingga kapasitas pompa = 0.9041 f3/s
= 64.0001 m3/jam
= 234.6242 gpm
= 0.0178 m3/s
* Menghitung diameter optimum pipa :
(Peters, 2003 : hal 496-497)
Diopt 3,9.Qf 0,45
0,13
Keterangan :
Diopt = Diameter dalam optimum, in
Qf = laju alir volumetrik, f 3/s
= densitas cairan (lb/f3)
Dopt = 6.0276 in
Digunakan pipa standart : (Tabel 11 Kern, hal. 844)

D nominal = 8 in
ID = 7.981 in 0.6651 f
OD = 8.625 in 0.7188 f
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 50 in2 = 0.3473 f2
* Menghitung kecepatan linier fluida (v) :

Q Dimana :
v Q = laju alir volumetric, f3/s
A
A = luas penampang, f2
v= 2.6034 f/s
= 0.7935 m/s
* Menghitung bilangan Reynold :
D.v. Dimana :
N Re = densitas cairan (lb/f3)
D = OD, ( f )
v = kecepatan linier (f/s)
= viskositas (lb/f.s)
NRe = 0.6651 f x 2.6034 f/s x 40.3712 lb/f3
0.0001 lb/f s
NRe = 553377.3699 (NRe > 2100 jadi aliran turbulent)
* Neraca tenaga : ,
Tenaga mekanis teoritik dihitung dengan persamaan Bernaulli :
v 2 z.g P
.F Wf (Peters, hal 486)
2..g C gC
Dimana :
Dv = beda kecepatan linier fluida
a = Faktor koreksi terhadap tenaga kinetis, s2/lb
gc = faktor koreksi = 32,174 lb f / lbf.s2
Dz = beda elevasi
g = Konstanta kecepatan gravitasi, m/s2
= densitas fluida, lb/f3
SF = total friksi pada sistem pemipaan
.-Wf = Total head
v2
* Menghitung velocity head : Velocity head
2 .g C
Diketahui :
Gaya Gravitasi = 9.807 m/dtk
Kecepatan fluida V= 0.7935 m/s
Velocity Head V2 / 2g = 0.0321 m 1.2639
= 0.1053 f
* Menghitung static head : zg
Static head
gC
z1 = 1 f
z2 = 17.2791 f
z = z2 - z1 = 16.2791 f
= 4.9619 m
* Menghitung pressure head :

P P1 = 2 atm
Pressure head= P2 = 2 atm

Pressure Head P / g = 0m
* Menghitung Friction head :

Nre = 553377.3699
D= 8 in
Diperoleh :
/D = 0.00022 Grafik.126 Brown hal. 141 (untuk pipa commercial steel )
f= 0.016 Grafik.125 Brown hal. 140

* Menghitung panjang ekivalen
Le/D L atau Le
Komponen Jumlah f m m
Pipa Lurus Horizontal 1 16.4042 5.0000 5.0000
Vertikal 1 17.2791 5.2667 5.7667
Fitting Standar Elbow 90 3 49 14.9352 44.8056
Check Valve 1 55 16.7640 16.7640
Gate Valve 1 4.5 1.3716 1.3716
Total 73.7079
Dari Grafik. 127, Brown, 1950 : 141
Panjang Ekivalen Pipa : L + Le = 73.7079 m

= 241.8237 f
f * ( L Le ) *V 2
F
2 * g * ID (Pers. 63 Brown, Halaman 136)
Dimana:
f = Faktor friksi = 0.016
V = Kecepatan linier fluida = 2.6034 f/s
Le = Panjang ekuivalen = 241.8237 f
gc = Faktor konversi = 32,174 lb f / lbf.s2
D = Diameter dalam pipa = 0.6651 f
F = 0.0006 f.lbf/lbm
= 0.0002 m
* Menghitung Total Head

P V 2
( Ws ) z F
*g 2*g
Velocity head V 2 = 0.0321 m

2..g C
V 2
2..g C
zg
Static head = 4.9619 m 195.3493725704
g C
Pressure head P = 0m

Friction head = 0.0002 m
- Ws = 4.9942 m
= 16.3851 f
Q= 64.0001 m3/jam
Total Head = 4.9942 m 196.6207
Diperoleh jenis pompa: Centrifugal Single Stage
* Menghitung pompa teoritis

Q. Wf .
Tenaga Pompa dapat dicari dengan persamaan : BHP teoritis
550
Diketahui :
Q= 0.9041 f3/s
- Ws = 16.3851 f
= 40.3712 lb/f3
Sehingga,
BHP teoritis = 1.0873 Hp
* Menghitung Tenaga Pompa Actual

Kapasitas Pompa = 64.0001 m3/jam
efisiensi centrifugal pump () = 63.00% (Grafik 12-17 Peters hal. 516)
BHP actual = BHP teoritis/
= 1.7259 Hp
* Menghitung Power Motor

BHP actual = 1.7259 Hp
m= 84.00% (Grafik 12-18 Peters hal. 516)
BHP pompa
Power motor
m
Power Motor = 2.0546 Hp
= 1532.1347 watt
Standar NEMA = 2 Hp
`
* Menghitung Specific Pump Speed
N * Q 0 .5
Ns Pers 5.1, Coulson, Halaman 182
( h ) 0 . 75
N= 3500 rpm Grafik 5.6 Coulson hal. 182
Q= 234.6242 gal/min
h= 16.3851 f
Ns = 6582.9195 rpm
Menurut Coulson and Richardson (halaman 183), impeller pompa dapat dipilih berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
1. Ns = 400 - 1000, pilih Radial Flow Impellers
2. Ns = 1000 - 7000, pilih Mixed Flow Impellers
3. Ns > 7000, pilih Axial Flow Impellers
Sehingga, untuk pompa dengan Ns = 6582.9195 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis: Mixed Flow Impellers
Spesifikasi Pompa
Jenis Centrifugal Single Stage
Impeller Mixed Flow Impellers
Driver Motor Elektrik 2 Hp
BM .x
44.3526
0.2240
0.2240
44.8006
POMPA-02
Fungsi : Mengalirkan bahan baku methylformate ke dalam tangki penyimpanan.

C2H4O2 3270.4918 0.9700 60.053 54.4601 0.9452
CH3OH 101.1492 0.0300 32.042 3.1568 0.0548
Total 3371.6410 1.0000 57.6169 1.0000
Desitas bahan baku

= 32 C
C2H4O2 0.9452 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 1321.4258 60.053 1249.0262
CH3OH 0.0548 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 780.8224 32.042 42.7805
Total 1.0000 1291.8067

T= 305.15 K
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05 0.3088 0.2918
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 0.4924 0.0270
Total 0.3188
Diperoleh :
Densitas = 1,291.8067 kg/m3
= 80.6422 lb/f3
= 0.0002 lb/f dt
Kapasitas
* Menentukan kapasitas pompa : Qf
Waktu dtk
Kapasitas tiap truk tangki = 16000 Liter
16 m3 = 565.0352 f3
Waktu pengisian selama = 15 menit 900 detik
Qf = 0.6278 f3/s
= 64.0001 m3/jam
= 234.6242 gpm
= 0.0178 m3/s
Diambil :
= 230.6201 m3/jam
= 845.4533 gpm
= 0.0641 m3/s
(Peters, 2003 : hal 496-497)
Diopt 3,9.Qf 0,45
0,13
Keterangan :
Dopt = 6.5949 in
Digunakan pipa standart (Tabel 11 Kern, hal. 844)

D nominal = 8 in
ID = 7.981 in 0.6651 f
OD = 8.625 in 0.7188 f
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 50 in2 = 0.3473 f2

Q Dimana :
A
v= 2.6034 f/s
= 0.7935 m/s
D.v. Dimana :
N Re = densitas cairan (lb/f3)
D = OD, ( f )
NRe = 0.6651 f x 2.6034 f/s x 80.6422 lb/f3
0.0002 lb/f s
NRe = 651685.5586 (NRe > 2100 jadi aliran turbulent)
* Neraca tenaga : ,
Tenaga mekanis teoritik dihitung dengan persamaan Bernaulli :
v 2 z.g P
2..g C gC
Dimana :
Dz = beda elevasi
.-Wf = Total head
v2
2 .g C
Diketahui :
Gaya Gravitasi = 9.807 m/dtk
Kecepatan fluida V= 0.7935 m/s
Velocity Head V / 2g =
2
0.0321 m
= 0.1053 f
* Menghitung static head : zg
Static head
gC
z1 = 1 f
z2 = 28.7127 f
z = z2 - z1 = 27.7127 f
= 8.4468 m

P P1 = 1 atm
Pressure head= P2 = 1 atm

Pressure Head P / g = 0m

Nre = 651685.5586
D= 8 in
Diperoleh :

Le/D L atau Le
Vertikal 1 28.7127 8.7516 9.2516
Check Valve 1 55 16.7640 16.7640
Gate Valve 1 4.5 1.3716 1.3716
Total 77.1928

= 253.2573 f
f * ( L Le ) *V 2
F
2 * g * ID (Pers. 63 Brown, Halaman 136)
Dimana:
f= Faktor friksi = 0.014
V= Kecepatan linier fluida = 2.6034 f/s
D= Diameter dalam pipa = 0.6651 f
= 0.0002 m
* Menghitung Total Head

P V 2
( Ws ) z F
*g 2*g
Velocity head V 2 = 0.0321 m

2..g C
zg
Static head = 8.4468 m
g C
zg
g C
Pressure head P = 0m

Friction head = 0.0002 m
- Ws = 8.4791 m
= 27.8185 f
Q= 230.6201 m3/jam
Total Head = 8.4791 m 333.8226
* Menghitung pompa teoritis

Q. Wf .
Tenaga Pompa dapat dicari dengan persamaan : BHP teoritis
550
Diketahui :
Q= 0.9041 f3/s
- Ws = 27.8185 f
= 80.6422 lb/f3
Sehingga,
* Menghitung Tenaga Pompa Actual

= 4.6093 Hp
* Menghitung Power Motor

BHP pompa
Power motor
m
= 4141.1926 watt
Standar NEMA = 5 Hp
`
* Menghitung Specific Pump Speed
N * Q 0 .5
( h ) 0 . 75
Q= 845.4533 gal/min
h= 27.8185 f
Ns = 8401.6004 rpm
Sehingga, untuk pompa dengan Ns = 8401.6004 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis: Axial Flow Impellers
Spesifikasi Pompa
Impeller Axial Flow Impellers
BM .x
56.7628
1.7555
58.5183
POMPA-03
Fungsi : Mengalirkan bahan baku dimethylamine ke dalam reaktor

C2H7N 2458.8369 0.9900 45.084 54.5390 0.9838
C3H9N 12.4184 0.0050 59.111 0.2101 0.0038
H2O 12.4184 0.0050 18.015 0.6893 0.0124
Total 2483.6736 1.0000 55.4384 1.0000
Desitas bahan baku

= 32 C
C2H7N 0.9838 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65 642.0787 45.084 631.6618
C3H9N 0.0038 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25 619.8902 59.111 2.3491
H2O 0.0124 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 1021.0367 18.015 12.6958
Total 1.0000 646.7067

T= 305.15 K
C2H7N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05 0.1805 0.1776
C3H9N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05 0.1683 0.0006
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 0.7808 0.0097
Total 0.1880
Diperoleh :
= 40.3712 lb/f3
= 0.0001 lb/f dt
Kapasitas
* Menentukan kapasitas pompaQ
: f
Waktu dtk
Kapasitas = 3.8405 m3/jam

Qf = 0.0377 f3/s
= 3.8405 m3/jam
= 14.0793 gpm
= 0.0011 m3/s
Diambil :
= 4.8586 m3/jam
= 86.9599 gpm
= 0.5497 m3/s
(Peters, 2003 : hal 496-497)
Diopt 3,9.Qf 0,45
0,13
Keterangan :
Dopt = 1.6996 in
Digunakan pipa standart : (Tabel 11 Kern, hal. 844)
D nominal = 2 in
ID = 2.067 in = 0.1723 f
OD = 2.38 in = 0.1983 f
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 3.35 in2 = 0.0233 f2

Dimana :
Q
A
v= 2.3317 f/s
= 0.7107 m/s

Dimana :
D.v. = densitas cairan (lb/f3)
N Re
D = OD, ( f )
Nre = 0.1983 f x 2.3317 f/s x 40.3712 lb/f3
0.0001 lb/f s
NRe = 147799.6670 (Nre > 2100 jadi aliran Turbulent)
* Neraca tenaga :
Tenaga mekanis teoritik dihitung dengan persamaan Bernaulli
v 2 z.g P
2..g C gC
Dimana :
Dz = beda elevasi
.-Wf = Total head
v2
2 .g C
Diketahui : g 9.807 m/dtk
Kecepatan fluida di ujung pipa pemasukan R-01 (Reaktor-01) V= 0.7107 m/s
Velocity Head V2 / 2g = 0.0258 m
= 0.0845 f
zg
* Menghitung static head : Static head
gC
Tinggi Fluida dalam R-01 (Reaktor-01) z1 = 17 f
Tinggi pipa pemasukan di Reaktor z2 = 14.3026 f
= 4.3594 m
z = z2 - z1 = 2.9765 f
= 0.9073 m
Tekanan dalam T-01 (Tanki Dimethylamine) P1 = 2.4223 atm
Tekanan dalam R-01 (Reaktor-01) P2 = 3.4000 atm
P HE-01 = 0.0141 psia
= 0.000957 atm
Pressure Head P / g = 0.97864 atm

Nre = 147799.6670
D= 2 in
Diperoleh :

Le/D L atau Le
Vertikal 1 14.3026 4.3594 4.8594
Check Valve 1 15 4.5720 4.5720
Gate Valve 1 1.2 0.3658 0.3658
Total 27.7700

= 91.1089 f
f * ( L Le ) *V 2
F 2 * g * ID
(Pers. 63 Brown, Halaman 136)
Dimana:
f= Faktor friksi 0.02
V= Kecepatan linier fluid 2.3317 f/s
Le = Panjang ekuivalen 91.1089 f
gc = Faktor konversi 32,174 lb f / lbf.s2
D= Diameter dalam pipa 0.1723 f
= 0.0003 m
* Menghitung Total Head :
P V 2
( Ws ) z F
*g 2*g
Velocity head zg / g c = 0.0258 m
Static head V2 / 2 g c = 0.9073 m
Pressure head P/g = 0.9786 m
Friction head :
f * (L+Le) * V2 / 2 * g * ID = 0.0003 m
- Ws = 1.9119 m
= 6.2727 f
Q= 4.8586 m3/jam
Total Head = 1.9 m 75.2723
* Menghitung pompa teoritis :

Tenaga Pompa dapat dicari dengan persamaan : Q. Wf .
BHP teoritis
550
Diketahui :
Q= 0.0543 f3/s
- Ws = 6.2727 f
= 40.3712 lb/f3
Sehingga,
* Menghitung Tenaga Pompa Actual :

= 0.0999 Hp
* Menghitung Power Motor :

BHP pompa
Power motor
m
= 93.1323 watt
Standar NEMA = 1/2 Hp
`
* Menghitung Specific Pump Speed :
N * Q 0 .5
( h ) 0 . 75
Q= 86.9599 gal/min
h= 6.2727 f
Ns = 8234.4946 rpm
Sehingga, untuk pompa dengan Ns = 8234.4946 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis: Axial Flow Impellers
Spesifikasi Pompa
Driver Motor Elektrik 1/2 Hp
BM .x
44.3526
0.2240
0.2240
44.8006
POMPA-04
Fungsi : Mengalirkan bahan baku methylformate ke dalam mixer
C2H4O2 3270.4918 0.9700 60.053
CH3OH 101.1492 0.0300 32.042
3371.6410 1.0000
Desitas bahan baku

Density = A. B (1-T/Tc) ^ n T =
=
komponen %mol A B
C2H4O2 0.9452 0.24110 0.26785
CH3OH 0.0548 0.23283 0.25703
Total 1.0000

T= 305.15 K
komponen A B C
C2H4O2 -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02
CH3OH -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02
Total
Diperoleh :
= 40.0064 lb/f3
= 0.0001 lb/f dt
* Menentukan kapasitas pompa : Kapasitas

Qf
Waktu dtk

Qf = 0.0516 f3/s
= 5.2611 m3/jam
= 19.2872 gpm
= 0.0015 m3/s
Diambil :
= 6.7825 m3/jam
= 161.2581 gpm
= 1.8454 m3/s
Diopt 3,9.Qf 0,45

0,13
Keterangan :
Dopt = 1.9558
Digunakan pipa standart :
D nominal = 2
ID = 2.067
OD = 2.38
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 3.35

Dimana :
Q
A
v= 3.1942 f/s
= 0.9736 m/s

Dimana :
N Re
D = OD, ( f )
Nre = 0.1983 f x 3.1942
0.0001
* Neraca tenaga :
v 2 z.g P
. F Wf
2..g C gC
Dimana :
gc = faktor koreksi = 32,174
Dz = beda elevasi
.-Wf = Total head
v2
2 .g C
Diketahui : g
Kecepatan fluida di ujung pipa pemasukan Mixer
Velocity Head
zg
gC
Tinggi pipa pemasukan di mixer z1 =
Tinggi Fluida dalam Mixer z2 =
=
z = z2 - z1 =
=
Tekanan dalam T-02 (Tanki Methylformate) P1 =
Tekanan dalam Mixer P2 =
Pressure Head P / g =

Nre = 209660.0260
D= 2 in
Diperoleh :
/D = 0.0009 Grafik.126 Brown hal. 141 (untuk pipa

Le/D
Komponen Jumlah f
Pipa Lurus Horizontal 1 22.9659
Vertikal 1 5.8885
Fitting Standar Elbow 90 3 12
Check Valve 1 15
Gate Valve 1 1.2
Total
Panjang Ekivalen Pipa : L + Le = 25.2054
= 82.6948
f * ( L Le ) *V 2
F
2 * g * ID
Dimana:
V= Kecepatan linier fluida = 3.1942
Le = Panjang ekuivalen = 82.6948
gc = Faktor konversi = 32,174
D= Diameter dalam pipa = 0.1723
= 0.0005 m
P V 2
( Ws ) z F
*g 2*g
Friction head :
f * (L+Le) * V2 / 2 * g * ID = 0.0005 m
- Ws = 8.2176 m
= 26.9608 f
Q= 6.7825 m3/jam
Total Head = 8.2 m

BHP teoritis
550
Diketahui :
Q= 0.0743 f3/s
- Ws = 26.9608 f
= 40.0064 lb/f3
Sehingga,

efisiensi centrifugal pump () = 30.00%
= 0.4858 Hp

m= 80.00%
BHP pompa
Power motor
m
= 452.8395 watt

N * Q 0 .5
( h ) 0 . 75
N= 3500 rpm
Q= 161.2581 gal/min
h= 26.9608 f
Ns = 3756.4643 rpm
Menurut Coulson and Richardson (halaman 183), impeller pompa dapat dipilih berdasarkan Specific Speed-
Sehingga, untuk pompa dengan Ns = 3756.4643 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis:
Spesifikasi Pompa
Driver Motor Elektrik 1/2
kmol %mol
54.4601 0.9452
3.1568 0.0548
57.6169 1.0000
305.15 K
32 C
n Tc , kg/m3 BM .x BM .x
0.24800 437.65 642.0787 60.053 606.8998 56.7628
0.26870 433.25 619.8902 32.042 33.9632 1.7555
640.863 58.5183
D , Cp x
-4.13E-05 0.1805 0.1707
-1.61E-05 0.1683 0.0092
0.1799
(Peters, 2003 : hal 496-497)
in
(Tabel 11 Kern, hal. 844)
in
in = 0.1723 f
in = 0.1983 f
in2 = 0.0233 f2
Q = laju alir volumetric, f3/s


D = OD, ( f )
= kecepatan linier (f/s)
f/s x 40.0064 lb/f3
lb/f s
(Peters, hal 486)

ga kinetis, s2/lb
lb f / lbf.s2
9.807 m/dtk
V= 0.9736 m/s
V2 / 2g = 0.0483 m
= 0.1586 f
29 f
5.8885 f
1.7948 m
22.8241 f
6.9568 m
1 atm
2 atm
1.21207 atm
Grafik.126 Brown hal. 141 (untuk pipa commercial steel )
Grafik.125 Brown hal. 140
Le/D L atau Le
m m
7.0000 7.0000
1.7948 2.2948
3.6576 10.9728
4.5720 4.5720
0.3658 0.3658
25.2054
m
f
f/s
f
lb f / lbf.s2
f
323.5295
Q. Wf .
eoritis
550
(Grafik 12-17 Peters hal. 516)
Pers 5.1, Coulson, Halaman 182
Grafik 5.6 Coulson hal. 182
at dipilih berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
pm, digunakan pompa jenis: Mixed Flow Impellers
Single Stage
w Impellers
Hp
POMPA-06
Fungsi : Mengalirkan hasil bawah striper menuju reaktor

C2H7N 2.8107 0.0074 0.0623
C3H9N 1.3798 0.0036 0.0233
C2H4O2 358.9561 0.9402 60.053 5.9773
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0488 32.042 0.5813
381.7732 1.0000 6.6443
Desitas
Density = A. B (1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 329.1064
= 55.9564
komponen %mol A B n
C2H7N 0.0094 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800
C3H9N 0.0035 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870
C2H4O2 0.8996 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.0875 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 329.1064 K
komponen A B C D
C2H7N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05
C3H9N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
Total
Diperoleh :
= 56.2853 lb/f3
= 0.0002 lb/f dt

Qf
Waktu dtk

Qf = 0.0042 f3/s
= 0.4234 m3/jam
= 1.5523 gpm
= 0.0001 m3/s
Diambil :
= 0.5111 m3/jam
= 2.3597 gpm
= 0.0006 m3/s
Diopt 3,9.Qf 0,45 0,13

Keterangan :
Dopt = 0.6579 in
D nominal = 3/ 4 in
ID = 0.824 in =
OD = 1.05 in =
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 0.534 in2 =

Dimana :
Q
A
v= 1.6128 f/s
= 0.4916 m/s

Dimana :
N Re
D = OD, ( f )
Nre = 0.0875 f x 1.6128 f/s x
0.0002 lb/f s
* Neraca tenaga :
v 2 z.g P
.F Wf
2..g C gC
Dimana :
Dz = beda elevasi
.-Wf = Total head
v2
2 .g C
Diketahui : g = 9.807
Kecepatan fluida di ujung pipa pemasukan Reaktor V=
Velocity Head V2 / 2g =
=
zg
gC
Tinggi Fluida dalam striper z1 = 12.3704
Tinggi pipa pemasukan di reaktor z2 = 14.3026
= 4.3594
z = z2 - z1 = 1.9322
= 0.5889
Tekanan dalam striper P1 = 2.2000
Tekanan dalam reaktor P2 = 3.4000
P HE-03 = 0.0032
= 0.0002
Pressure Head P / g = 1.2002

Nre = 45489.5800
D= 3/ 4 in
Diperoleh :
0.0009 Grafik.126 Brown hal. 141 (untuk pipa commercial ste

Le/D
Komponen Jumlah f m
Pipa Lurus Horizontal 1 22.9659 7.0000
Vertikal 1 14.3026 4.3594
Fitting Standar Elbow 90 3 12 3.6576
Check Valve 1 15 4.5720
Gate Valve 1 1.2 0.3658
Total

= 91.1089 f
f * ( L Le ) *V 2
F 2 * g * ID
Dimana:
= 0.0004 m 0.0141587389
P V 2
( Ws ) z F
*g 2*g
Velocity head zg / g c 0.0123 m
Pressure head P/g 1.2002 m
Friction head :
f * (L+Le) * V2 / 2 * g * ID = 0.0004 m
- Ws = 1.8018 m
= 5.9115 f
Q= 0.5111 m3/jam
Total Head = 1.8 m 70.9384

BHP teoritis
550
Diketahui :
Q= 0.0060 f3/s
- Ws = 5.9115 f
= 56.2853 lb/f3
Sehingga,

= 0.0086 Hp

m= 80.00%
BHP pompa
Power motor
m
= 8.0306 watt

N * Q 0 .5
( h ) 0 . 75
N= 3500 rpm
Q= 2.3597 gal/min
h= 5.9115 f
Ns = 1418.1597 rpm
Sehingga, untuk p 1418.1597 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis:
Spesifikasi Pompa
%mol
0.0094
0.0035
0.8996
0.0875
1.0000
K
C
Tc , kg/m3 BM .x BM .x
437.65 612.4360 45.084 5.7464 0.4230
433.25 587.8979 59.111 2.0654 0.2077
487.20 919.8508 60.053 827.5098 54.0245
512.58 757.9404 32.042 66.3128 2.8034
901.6345 57.4585
, Cp x
0.1510 0.0014
0.1352 0.0005
0.2504 0.2253
0.3730 0.0326
0.2598
(Peters, 2003 : hal 496-497)
0.0687 f
0.0875 f
0.0037 f2
56.2853 lb/f3
(Peters, hal 486)
m/dtk
0.4916 m/s
0.0123 m
0.0404 f
f
f
m
f
m
atm
atm
psia
atm
atm
(untuk pipa commercial steel )
L atau Le
m
7.0000
4.8594
10.9728
4.5720
0.3658
27.7700
rafik. 127, Brown, 1950 : 141

Wf .
550
berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
Mixed Flow Impellers

POMPA-07
Fungsi : Mengalirkan produk dimethylformamide dari MD-02 ke T-03

CH3OH 1.8440 0.0005 32.042 0.0576
H2O 3.4992 0.0009 18.015 0.1942
C3H7NO 3971.9295 0.9987 73.095 54.3393
Total 3977.2727 1.0000 54.5911
Desitas bahan baku

Density = A. B (1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 424.78
= 151.63
komponen %mol A B n
CH3OH 0.0011 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
H2O 0.0036 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571
C3H7NO 0.9954 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630
Total 1.0000

T= 424.7805291907 K
komponen A B C D
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
H2O -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05
C3H7NO -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
Total
Diperoleh :
= 51.0149 lb/f3
= 0.0001 lb/f dt
Kapasitas
Qf
* Menentukan kapasitas pompa : Waktu dtk

Qf = 0.0477 f3/s
= 4.8669 m3/jam
= 17.8421 gpm
= 0.0014 m3/s
Diambil :
= 6.2418 m3/jam
= 138.0922 gpm
= 1.3618 m3/s
Diopt 3,9.Qf 0,45 0,13

Keterangan :
Dopt = 1.9491 in
D nominal = 2 in
ID = 2.067 in =
OD = 2.38 in =
Schedule = 40

Dimana :
Q
A
v= 2.9549 f/s
= 0.9007 m/s

Dimana :
N Re
D = OD, ( f )
Nre = 0.1983 f x 2.9549 f/s x
0.0001 lb/f s
* Neraca tenaga :
v 2 z.g P
.F Wf
2..g C gC
Dimana :
Dz = beda elevasi
.-Wf = Total head
v2
2 .g C
Diketahui : g 9.807
Kecepatan fluida di ujung pipa pemasukan R-01 (Reaktor-01) V=
=
zg
gC
Tinggi Fluida dalam MD-02 z1 = 50
Tinggi pipa pemasukan T-3 z2 = 33.7499
= 10.2870
z = z2 - z1 = 15.9065
= 4.8483
Tekanan dalam MD-02 P1 = 1.0000
Tekanan dalam T-04 P2 = 1.0000
P CO-3 = 0.4187
= 0.0285

Nre = 247286.8183
D= 2 in
Diperoleh :
/D = 0.0009 Grafik.126 Brown hal. 141 (untuk pipa commercial s

Le/D
Komponen Jumlah f m
Vertikal 1 33.7499 10.2870
Gate Valve 1 1.2 0.3658
Total

= 110.5562 f
f * ( L Le ) *V 2
F 2 * g * ID
Dimana:
= 0.0005 m
P V 2
( Ws ) z F
*g 2*g
Friction head :
f * (L+Le) * V2 / 2 * g * ID = 0.0005 m
- Ws = 4.9187 m 193.6482
= 16.1374 f
Q= 6.2418 m3/jam
Total Head = 4.9 m

BHP teoritis
550
Diketahui :
Q= 0.0687 f3/s
- Ws = 16.1374 f
= 51.0149 lb/f3
Sehingga,

= 0.2708 Hp

m= 80.00%
BHP pompa
Power motor
m
= 252.4211 watt

N * Q 0 .5
( h ) 0 . 75
N= 3500 rpm
Q= 138.0922 gal/min
h= 16.1374 f
Ns = 5108.3240 rpm
Sehingga, untuk pom 5108.3240 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis:
Spesifikasi Pompa
%mol
0.0011
0.0036
0.9954
1.0000
K
C
512.58 644.7234 32.042 0.6797 0.0338
647.13 901.1755 18.015 3.2064 0.0641
647.00 817.0897 73.095 813.3211 72.7579
817.2072 72.8557
, Cp x
0.1436 0.0002
0.0483 0.0002
0.1804 0.1796
0.1799
(Peters, 2003 : hal 496-497)
0.1723 f
0.1983 f
0.0233 f2
51.0149 lb/f3
(Peters, hal 486)

m/dtk
0.9007 m/s
0.0414 m
0.1357 f
f
f
m
f
m
atm
atm
psia
atm
atm
141 (untuk pipa commercial steel )
L atau Le
m
7.0000
10.7870
10.9728
4.5720
0.3658
33.6975
rafik. 127, Brown, 1950 : 141
( Grafik 5.6 Peters hal. 182)
Wf .
550
ih berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
Axial Flow Impellers

POMPA-08
Fungsi : Mengalirkan hasil atas MD-02 menuju T-04

C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0020 60.053 0.0604
CH3OH 1842.1872 0.9911 32.042 57.4929
H2O 8.9192 0.0048 18.015 0.4951
C3H7NO 3.9759 0.0021 73.095 0.0544
1858.7117 1.0000 58.1028
Desitas
Density = A. B (1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 337.7954
= 64.6454
komponen %mol A B n
C2H4O2 0.0010 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.9895 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
H2O 0.0085 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571
C3H7NO 0.0009 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 337.7954 K
komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
C3H7NO -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05
Total
Diperoleh :
= 1.9970 lb/f3
= 0.0002 lb/f dt

Qf
Waktu dtk

Qf = 0.5700 f3/s
= 58.1029 m3/jam
= 213.0051 gpm
= 0.0161 m3/s
Diambil :
= 126.9492 m3/jam
= 49622.5203 gpm
= 102475.5574 m3/s
Diopt 3,9.Qf 0,45 0,13

Keterangan :
Dopt = 3.9040 in
D nominal = 4 in
ID = 4.026 in =
OD = 4.5 in =
Schedule = 40

Dimana :
Q
A
v= 9.3053 f/s
= 2.8363 m/s

Dimana :
N Re
D = OD, ( f )
Nre = 0.3750 f x 9.3053 f/s x
0.0002 lb/f s
* Neraca tenaga :
v 2 z.g P
.F Wf
2..g C gC
Dimana :
Dz = beda elevasi
.-Wf = Total head
v2
2 .g C
=
zg
gC
Tinggi Fluida dalam MD-02 z1 = 49.6563
Tinggi pipa pemasukan di T-04 z2 = 27.8167
= 8.4785
z = z2 - z1 = 21.8397
= 6.6567
Tekanan dalam MD-01 P1 = 1.0000
Tekanan dalam St P2 = 1.0000
P CO-04 = 0.6089
= 0.0414

Nre = 30398.9245
D= 4 in
Diperoleh :
/ 0.00035 Grafik.126 Brown hal. 141 (untuk pipa commercial st

Le/D
Komponen Jumlah f m
Vertikal 1 27.8167 8.4785
Gate Valve 1 2.4 0.7315
Total

= 145.8230 f
f * ( L Le ) *V 2
F 2 * g * ID
Dimana:
= 0.0030 m
P V 2
( Ws ) z F
*g 2*g
Pressure head P/g 0.0414 m
Friction head :
f * (L+Le) * V2 / 2 * g * ID = 0.0030 m
- Ws = 7.1113 m
= 23.3311 f
Q= 126.9492 m3/jam
Total Head = 7.1 m 279.9733

BHP teoritis
550
Diketahui :
Q= 0.8208 f3/s
- Ws = 23.3311 f
= 1.9970 lb/f3
Sehingga,

= 0.0993 Hp

m= 80.00%
BHP pompa
Power motor
m
= 92.5851 watt

N * Q 0 .5
( h ) 0 . 75
N= 3500 rpm
Q= 49622.5203 gal/min
h= 23.3311 f
Ns = 73443.9272 rpm
Sehingga, untuk p 73443.9272 rpm, digunakan pompa jenis:
Spesifikasi Pompa
%mol
0.0010
0.9895
0.0085
0.0009
1.0000
K
C
487.20 905.8056 60.053 0.0625 0.0625
512.58 749.2549 32.042 31.7056 31.7056
647.13 990.3758 18.015 0.1535 0.1535
647.00 907.0988 73.095 0.0684 0.0684
31.9900 31.9900
, Cp x
0.2332 0.0002
0.3402 0.3366
0.4350 0.0037
0.5463 0.0005
0.3411
(Peters, 2003 : hal 496-497)
0.3355 f
0.3750 f
0.0882 f2
1.9970 lb/f3
(Peters, hal 486)
m/dtk
2.8363 m/s
0.4101 m
1.3456 f
f
f
m
f
m
atm
atm
psia
atm
atm
L atau Le
m
7.0000
8.9785
20.1168
7.6200
0.7315
44.4468
rafik. 127, Brown, 1950 : 141

Wf .
550

POMPA-09
Fungsi : Mengalirkan produk dimethylformamide dari T-03 ke Truck pengangkut

CH3OH 1.8440 0.0005 32.042 0.0576
H2O 3.4992 0.0009 18.015 0.1942
C3H7NO 3971.9295 0.9987 73.095 54.3393
Total 3977.2727 1.0000 54.5911
Desitas bahan baku

Density = A. B (1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 305.15
= 32.00
komponen %mol A B n
CH3OH 0.0011 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
H2O 0.0036 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571
C3H7NO 0.9954 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630
Total 1.0000

T= 305.15 K
komponen A B C D
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
H2O -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05
C3H7NO -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
Total
Diperoleh :
= 58.5746 lb/f3
= 0.0005 lb/f dt
Kapasitas
Qf
* Menentukan kapasitas pompa : Waktu dtk

Qf = 0.0416 f3/s
= 4.2388 m3/jam
= 15.5394 gpm
= 0.0012 m3/s
Diambil :
= 5.3911 m3/jam
= 105.2603 gpm
= 0.7996 m3/s
Diopt 3,9.Qf 0,45

0,13
Keterangan :
Dopt = 1.8648 in
D nominal = 2 in
ID = 2.067 in =
OD = 2.38 in =
Schedule = 40

Dimana :
Q
A
v= 2.5736 f/s
= 0.7844 m/s

Dimana :
N Re
D = OD, ( f )
Nre = 0.1983 f x 2.5736 f/s x
0.0005 lb/f s
* Neraca tenaga :
v 2 z.g P
.F Wf
2..g C gC
Dimana :
Dz = beda elevasi
.-Wf = Total head
v2
2 .g C
Diketahui : g 9.807
Kecepatan fluida di ujung pipa pemasukan R-01 (Reaktor-01) V=
=
zg
gC
Tinggi Fluida dalam T-03 z1 = 34
Tinggi pipa pemasukan Truck z2 = 1.0000
= 0.3048
z = z2 - z1 = 32.7499
= 9.9822

Nre = 57162.2198
D= 2 in
Diperoleh :
/D = 0.0009 Grafik.126 Brown hal. 141 (untuk pipa comm

Le/D
Komponen Jumlah f m
Vertikal 1 1.0000 0.3048
Gate Valve 1 1.2 0.3658
Total

= 71.2446 f
f * ( L Le ) *V 2
F 2 * g * ID
Dimana:
f= Faktor friksi 0.02
V= Kecepatan linier fluid 2.5736 f/s
Le = Panjang ekuivalen 71.2446 f
gc = Faktor konversi 32,174 lb f / lbf.s2
D= Diameter dalam pipa 0.1723 f
= 0.0003 m
P V 2
( Ws ) z F

Velocity head
* g 2 *
zg / g c
g = 0.0314 m
Friction head :
f * (L+Le) * V2 / 2 * g * ID = 0.0003 m
- Ws = 10.0138 m
= 32.8537 f
Q= 5.3911 m3/jam
Total Head = 10.0 m

BHP teoritis
550
Diketahui :
Q= 0.0599 f3/s
- Ws = 32.8537 f
= 58.5746 lb/f3
Sehingga,

= 0.6983 Hp

m= 80.00%
BHP pompa
Power motor
m
= 650.9378 watt
Standar NEMA = 1 Hp

N * Q 0 .5
( h ) 0 . 75
N= 3500 rpm
Q= 105.2603 gal/min
h= 32.8537 f
Ns = 2616.7514 rpm
Spesifikasi Pompa
%mol
0.0011
0.0036
0.9954
1.0000
K
C
512.58 780.8224 32.042 0.8232 0.0338
647.13 1021.0367 18.015 3.6329 0.0641
647.00 938.1776 73.095 933.8504 72.7579
938.3065 72.8557
, Cp x
0.4924 0.0005
0.1683 0.0006
0.7808 0.7772
0.7783
(Peters, 2003 : hal 496-497)
0.1723 f
0.1983 f
0.0233 f2
58.5746 lb/f3
(Peters, hal 486)

m/dtk
0.7844 m/s
0.0314 m
0.1029 f
f
f
m
f
m
atm
atm
atm
. 141 (untuk pipa commercial steel )
L atau Le
m
5.0000
0.8048
10.9728
4.5720
0.3658
21.7154
fik. 127, Brown, 1950 : 141
Q. Wf .
550
dasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
Mixed Flow Impellers

POMPA-10
Fungsi : Mengalirkan hasil Methanol T-04 ke Truck pengangkut
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0020 60.053
CH3OH 1842.1872 0.9911 32.042
H2O 8.9192 0.0048 18.015
C3H7NO 3.9759 0.0021 73.095
1858.7117 1.0000
Desitas
Density = A. B (1-T/Tc) ^ n T =
=
komponen %mol A B
C2H4O2 0.0010 0.34143 0.25838
CH3OH 0.9895 0.27197 0.27192
H2O 0.0085 0.34710 0.27400
C3H7NO 0.0009 0.27376 0.23013
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 305.1500 K
komponen A B C
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02
C3H7NO -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02
Total
Diperoleh :
= 1.9970 lb/f3
= 0.0003 lb/f dt

Qf
Waktu dtk

Qf = 0.5700 f3/s
= 58.1029 m3/jam
= 213.0051 gpm
= 0.0161 m3/s
Diambil :
= 126.9492 m3/jam
= 49622.5203 gpm
= 102475.5574 m3/s
Diopt 3,9.Qf 0,45

0,13
Keterangan :
Dopt = 3.9040
D nominal = 4
ID = 4.026
OD = 4.5
Schedule = 40
Flow area perpipe = 12.7

Dimana :
Q
A
v= 9.3053 f/s
= 2.8363 m/s

Dimana :
N Re
D = OD, ( f )
Nre = 0.3750 f x 9.3053
0.0003
* Neraca tenaga :
v 2 z.g P
. F Wf
2..g C gC
Dimana :
gc = faktor koreksi = 32,174
Dz = beda elevasi
.-Wf = Total head
v2
2 .g C
Diketahui : g =
Kecepatan fluida di ujung pipa pemasukan Reaktor
Velocity Head
zg
gC
Tinggi Fluida dalam T-04 z1 =
Tinggi pipa pemasukan Truck z2 =
=
z = z2 - z1 =
=
Tekanan dalam T-04 P1 =
Tekanan dalam Truck P2 =
Pressure Head P / g =

Nre = 20951.4369
D= 4 in
Diperoleh :
/D = 0.00035 Grafik.126 Brown hal. 141 (untuk pipa

Le/D
Komponen Jumlah f
Pipa Lurus Horizontal 1 16.4042
Vertikal 1 1.0000
Fitting Standar Elbow 90 3 22
Check Valve 1 25
Gate Valve 1 2.4
Total
Panjang Ekivalen Pipa : L + Le = 34.2731

= 112.4446
f * ( L Le ) *V 2
F 2 * g * ID
Dimana:
V= Kecepatan linier fluida = 9.3053
Le = Panjang ekuivalen = 112.4446
gc = Faktor konversi = 32,174
D= Diameter dalam pipa = 0.3355
= 0.0022 m
P V 2
( Ws ) z F
*g 2*g
Friction head :
f * (L+Le) * V2 / 2 * g * ID = 0.0022 m
- Ws = 8.5861 m
= 28.1695 f
Q= 126.9492 m3/jam
Total Head = 8.6 m

Q. Wf .
BHP teoritis
550
BHP teoritis
550
Diketahui :
Q= 0.8208 f3/s
- Ws = 28.1695 f
= 1.9970 lb/f3
Sehingga,

= 0.1076 Hp

m= 80.00%
BHP pompa
Power motor
m
= 100.3201 watt

N * Q 0 .5
( h ) 0 . 75
N= 3500 rpm
Q= 49622.5203 gal/min
h= 28.1695 f
Ns = 63763.6802 rpm
Spesifikasi Pompa
Driver Motor Elektrik 1/2
kmol %mol
0.0604 0.0010
57.4929 0.9895
0.4951 0.0085
0.0544 0.0009
58.1028 1.0000
305.1500 K
32.0000 C
n Tc , kg/m3 BM .x BM .x
0.27680 487.20 956.8852 60.053 0.0625 0.0625
0.23310 512.58 780.8224 32.042 31.7056 31.7056
0.28571 647.13 1021.0367 18.015 0.1535 0.1535
0.27630 647.00 938.1776 73.095 0.0684 0.0684
31.9900 31.9900
D , Cp x
-2.30E-05 0.3088 0.0003
-2.35E-05 0.4924 0.4872
-1.26E-05 0.7808 0.0067
-1.01E-05 0.7728 0.0007
0.4949
(Peters, 2003 : hal 496-497)
in
in
in = 0.3355 f
in = 0.3750 f
in2 = 0.0882 f2
u alir volumetric, f3/s

s penampang, f2
ensitas cairan (lb/f3)
kecepatan linier (f/s)

iskositas (lb/f.s)
f/s x 1.9970 lb/f3
lb/f s
(Peters, hal 486)
lb f / lbf.s2
9.807 m/dtk
V= 2.8363 m/s
V2 / 2g = 0.4101 m
= 1.3456 f
27.8167 f
1.0000 f
0.3048 m
26.8167 f
8.1737 m
1.0000 atm
1.0000 atm
0.0000 atm
26 Brown hal. 141 (untuk pipa commercial steel )
25 Brown hal. 140
Le/D L atau Le
m m
5.0000 5.0000
0.3048 0.8048
6.7056 20.1168
7.6200 7.6200
0.7315 0.7315
34.2731
m
f
f/s
f
lb f / lbf.s2
f
Q. Wf .
itis
550
Q. Wf .
itis
550
, Coulson, Halaman 182
lih berdasarkan Specific Speed-nya, jika:
unakan pompa jenis: Axial Flow Impellers
gle Stage
pellers
Hp
EXPANSION VALVE (EV-01)
Tugas : Menurunkan tekanan campuran keluar Cooler (Co-01)

dari 3.40 atm menjadi 2.7 atm.
Type : gobe valve
Bahan Konstruksi : Carbon Stell
Massa masuk :
komponen kg/jam fraksi BM kmol/jam fraksi
C2H4O2 362.9448 0.0582 60.053 6.0437 0.0505
CH3OH 1,862.6578 0.2986 32.042 58.1318 0.4856
C2H7N 9.3633 0.0015 45.084 0.2077 0.0017
C3H9N 13.7982 0.0022 59.111 0.2334 0.0020
H2O 12.4184 0.0020 18.015 0.6893 0.0058
C3H7NO 3,975.9054 0.6375 73.095 54.3937 0.4544
Total 6,237.0878 1.0000 119.6996 1.0000
Log = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T = 379.5 K
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05 0.1662
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 0.2254
C2H7N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05 0.0955
C3H9N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05 0.0819
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 0.2611
C3H7NO -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05 0.3842
Total
Menghitung densitas
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 832.3244
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 703.8888
C2H7N 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65 535.7272
C3H9N 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25 505.5152
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 949.1290
C3H7NO 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630 647.00 865.4010
Total
Kapasitas = 6,237.0878 kg/jam

= 1.7325 kg/dtk
= 13,750.4086 lb/jam
= 48.9749 lb/f3
Viskositas, = 0.2943 cp
2.9425E-04 kg/m.dtk
0.7121 lb/f.jam
1.9780E-04 lb/f.dtk
Pin = 3.4000 atm
= 49.9800 psia
P out = 2.7000 atm
= 39.6900 psia
gravitasi, gc = 32.2 f/dtk
T in = 106.3905 C
= 379.3905 K
= 223.5029 F
Design
a. Laju Alir Volumentrik
m
Qv=

Qv = 7.9504 m3/jam
= 280.7651 f3/jam
= 7,950.3847 ltr/jam
= 0.1463 f3/dtk
= 4.6794 f3/mnt
b. Menentukan Jenis Aliran
Asumsi bahwa aliran turbulen
0. 45 0 .13
Di opt =3 . 9 . Q .
Diopt = 2.7234604034 in = 0.2269527277
Dari tabel 11 Kern, 844 didapat
Pipa standart dengan spesifikasi
NPS = 3 in OD =
Sch N = 40 A' t =
=
c. Kecepatan Linear Cairan
Q
V=
A' t
V = 2.8544 f/dtk
d. Cek aliran
D. V .
Reynold Number NR E =

NRE = 160,392.2574
Jadi jenis aliran turbulen karena NR E > 2100
/D = 0.0006 (Fig. 126, Brown, 1950)
faktor friksi = 0.0320 (Fig. 125, Brown, 1950)
Proses :
1. Tidak ada perubahan kimia.
2. Tidak ada kerja yang diberikan (W = 0).
v dv fv 2 dL
V dP+ + (Pers. 72, Brown, 1950)
gc 2gcD
Lost work, lw (F) :
( P1 P2 ) 144
Lw ( F )=

Lw = 30.2555255018 f
P*2gcD (Pers. 72, Brown, 1950)

L=
fv2
L = 39.2419605457 f = 11.9609495743 m
, x
0.00839
0.10945
0.00017
0.00016
0.00150
0.17458
0.29425
106.39
.x, kg/m3
42.0248
341.8415
0.9295
0.9858
5.4659
393.2539
784.5014
f
3.5
7.38 in2
0.0512548547 f2
. 126, Brown, 1950)
. 125, Brown, 1950)
rs. 72, Brown, 1950)

Tugas : Menurunkan tekanan campuran keluar Cooler (Co-02)

dari 2.70 atm menjadi 1 atm.
Type : gobe valve
Massa masuk :
C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0006 60.053 0.0604 0.0005
CH3OH 1,844.0312 0.3160 32.042 57.5504 0.5107
H2O 12.4184 0.0021 18.015 0.6893 0.0061
C3H7NO 3,975.9054 0.6813 73.095 54.3937 0.4827
Total 5,835.9844 1.0000 112.6939 1.0000
Log = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T = 354.3 K
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05 0.2041
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 0.2880
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 0.3465
C3H7NO -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05 0.4710
Total
Menghitung densitas
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 878.0794
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 732.1113
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 974.3763
C3H7NO 0.27376 0.23013 0.27630 647.00 890.9091
Total
Kapasitas = 5,835.9844 kg/jam

= 1.6211 kg/dtk
= 12,866.1280 lb/jam
= 50.5865 lb/f3
3.7663E-04 kg/m.dtk
0.9114 lb/f.jam
2.5318E-04 lb/f.dtk
Pin = 2.7000 atm
= 39.6900 psia
P out = 1.0000 atm
= 14.7000 psia
T in = 81.1398 C
= 354.1398 K
= 178.0516 F
Design
m
Qv=

Qv = 7.2021 m3/jam
= 254.3394 f3/jam
= 7,202.0915 ltr/jam
= 0.1463 f3/dtk
= 4.2390 f3/mnt
0. 45 0 .13
Di opt =3 . 9 . Q .
Diopt = 2.7349481402 in = 0.2279100294
NPS = 3 in OD =
Sch N = 40 A' t =
=
Q
V=
A' t
V = 2.8544 f/dtk
d. Cek aliran
D. V .

NRE = 129,982.3032
/D = 0.0006 (Fig. 126, Brown, 1950)
Proses :
2
v dv fv dL
V dP+ + (Pers. 72, Brown, 1950)
gc 2gcD
Lost work, lw (F) :
( P1 P2 ) 144
Lw ( F )=

Lw = 71.1367156952 f

L=
fv2
L = 95.7038939422 f = 29.1705468736 m
81.14
, x
0.00011
0.14707
0.00212
0.22732
0.37663
.x, kg/m3
0.4709
373.8741
5.9601
430.0128
810.3180
f
3.5
7.38 in2
0.0512548547 f2
. 126, Brown, 1950)
. 125, Brown, 1950)
rs. 72, Brown, 1950)

Tugas : Menurunkan tekanan campuran keluar ACC-01 ke striper

Type : gobe valve
Massa masuk :
C2H4O2 358.9561 0.9507 60.053 5.9773 0.9114
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0493 32.042 0.5813 0.0886
Total 377.5827 1.0000 6.5586 1.0000
Log = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T = 318.5 K
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05 0.2739
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 0.4195
Total
Menghitung densitas
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 936.4937
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 768.2284
Total
Kapasitas = 377.5827 kg/jam

= 0.1049 kg/dtk
= 832.4264 lb/jam
= 57.5324 lb/f3
2.8682E-04 kg/m.dtk
0.6941 lb/f.jam
1.9281E-04 lb/f.dtk
Pin = 2.7000 atm
= 39.6900 psia
P out = 2.2000 atm
= 32.3400 psia
T in = 45.3761 C
= 318.3761 K
= 113.6771 F
Design
m
Qv=

Qv = 0.4097 m3/jam
= 14.4689 f3/jam
= 409.7125 ltr/jam
= 0.1463 f3/dtk
= 0.2411 f3/mnt
Di opt =3 . 9 . Q 0. 45 . 0 .13
Diopt = 2.7810779214 in = 0.2317541388
NPS = 3 in OD =
Sch N = 40 A' t =
=
Q
V=
A' t
V = 2.8544 f/dtk
d. Cek aliran
D. V .

NRE = 197,389.4730
/D = 0.0006 (Fig. 126, Brown, 1950)
Proses :
v dv fv 2 dL
V dP+ + (Pers. 72, Brown, 1950)
gc 2gcD
2
v dv fv dL
V dP+ +
gc 2gcD
Lost work, lw (F) :
( P1 P2 ) 144
Lw ( F )=

Lw = 18.3965970788 f

L=
fv2
L = 28.6229737968 f = 8.7242824133 m
, x
0.24964
0.03718
0.28682
.x, kg/m3
853.4886
68.0911
921.5797
f
3.5
7.38 in2
0.0512548547 f2
. 126, Brown, 1950)

. 125, Brown, 1950)
rs. 72, Brown, 1950)

COOLER (CO-01)
Kode : CO-01
Fungsi : mendinginkan produk dari Reaktor menuju MD-01 (110-104 C)
Jenis : Double pipe
NP Total di Sektar Cooler
Masuk
komponen Kmol A B C
C2H4O2 6.0437 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727
CH3OH 58.1318 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
C2H7N 0.2077 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03
C3H9N 0.2334 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388
H2O 0.6893 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
C3H7NO 54.3937 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03
Total 119.6996
Keluar
komponen Kmol A B C
C2H4O2 6.0437 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727
CH3OH 58.1318 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
C2H7N 0.2077 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03
C3H9N 0.2334 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388
H2O 0.6893 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
C3H7NO 54.3937 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03
Total 119.6996

Tin = 302 K
Tout = 313.15 K
Q = m x CpDT
m= Q
Cp.(Tout-Tin)
m= 54262.2506
4.184*(313-302)
= 1178.9990 kg/jam

C2H4O2 362.9448 0.0582 60.053 6.0437
CH3OH 1862.6578 0.2986 32.042 58.1318
C2 H 7 N 9.3633 0.0015 45.084 0.2077
C3 H 9 N 13.7982 0.0022 59.111 0.2334
H 2O 12.4184 0.0020 18.015 0.6893
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.6375 73.095 54.3937
Total 6237.0878 1.0000 119.6996
Perancangan alat Coooler

Fluida panas :
Suhu masuk : 110.00 C 230.00
Suhu keluar : 106.39 C 223.50
: 13750.1936 lb/jam
Fluida dingin :
: 2599.2042 lb/jam
: 51433.4129 btu/jam

230.00 Higher temp 104 126.00
223.50 Lower temp 84.2 139.30
t 2 - t 1
TLMTD = = 132.54 o
F
t 2
ln
( t 1 )
tavg = ta = t 1+ t2
= 94.1 o
F Tav =
2
Menghitung densitas
* Fluida Panas
T = 110.00 oC = 383.15 K
C2H4O2 0.0505 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.4856 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
C2 H 7 N 0.0017 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800
C3 H 9 N 0.0020 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870
H 2O 0.0058 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
C3H7NO 0.4544 0.23013 0.27630 647.00
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 383.15 K
Komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
C2 H 7 N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05
C3 H 9 N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
C3H7NO -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05
Total

Komponen A B C D
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
T = 307.65 K
Komponen A B n Tc
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
Untuk exchanger fluida panas heavy organic dan water fluida dingin
UD = 6-75Btu/f2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern, 1965 : 840)
A = Q = 54262.2506 = 13.6467
U D T LMTD 3976.2059082826

ID : 3.068 in
OD : 2.38 in
ID : 2.067 in
Fluida dingin :water, inner pipe Fluida panas : Heavy organic, anulus
D= 2.067 D2 =
12
= 0.1723 f =
ap = 3,14 D2/4 = 0.023291 f2 D1 =
Gp = w/ap = 2599.2042 lb/jam
0.023291 f2 =
= 111596.9379 lb/jam f2
= 0.7409 cP aa =
= 1.7930 lb/f jam =
De =
Reynolds =
DG p = 19222.572548844 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa =
Re p =
1.7930 lb/jam.f
= 10721.1407 =
jH = 48 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T =
At = 94.10 o
F =
DG p =
1/3 Re p =
c.
( )k
= 1.71
1 /3 0 .14

=
jH =
k c.
hi = jH . .
D k ( )( ) .
.
t =
c=
= 36.1334 Btu/jam f F 2o
0.2124892397 k=
c.
= 31.3814 Btu/jam f2 oF
( )k
=
k c
1

ho= jH
De k ( )( 3

=
hio .ho =
hio +ho
= 14.9280
UD = Q =
54262.2506 =
A . T 14.9280 132.5402
UC UD
UC . UD
589.6408 h outside 31.3814

Pressure drop :
Rep = 10721.1407 De ' =
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep =
10721.1407 0, 42 f = 0,0035 +
(= )
s=
0.00886
1.00000
(
=
)0, 42
= 62.5000 lb/f3 s=
2 =
4 fG a L = 0.0094 f
Pp= 2
2
4 fG a L =
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 0.0094 x 62.5000 V=
144 F1 =
= 0.0041 psi Pa =
P = 0.4043
e. Neraca Panas di Sekitar Coller (Co-01)
T= 383.15 K Tabel 2.11 Neraca Panas di Sekitar Coller (Co-01)

D Cp dT
2.8945E-06 10466.41 63256.26 C2H4O2 63256.2554 60339.3595
1.460E-06 7192.38 418105.83 CH3OH 418105.8287 399253.9322
5.399E-06 13790.56 2864.11 C2H7N 2864.1069 2728.8095
4.6585E-06 12990.53 3032.35 C3H9N 3032.3550 2887.4882
5.35E-07 6410.96 4419.30 H2 O 4419.2984 4230.7510
1.86E-06 13325.52 724823.83 C3H7NO 724823.8275 692799.0809
1216501.67 Sub total 1216501.6718 1162239.4212
Beban Pendingin 54262.2506
T= 379.54 K Total 1216501.6718 1216501.6718
D Cp dT
Q =m CpdT
2.8945E-06 9983.78 60339.36
1.460E-06 6868.09 399253.93
5.399E-06 13139.11 2728.81
4.6585E-06 12369.92 2887.49
5.35E-07 6137.44 4230.75
1.86E-06 12736.76 692799.08
1162239.42
fraksi
0.0505
0.4856
0.0017
0.0020
0.0058
0.4544
1.0000
F
F
T 1+ T 2
= 226.75 o
F
2
487.20 825.3855 2.6005
512.58 699.6239 21.2017
437.65 529.0208 0.0573
433.25 498.3090 0.0606
437.65 274.0000 0.0985
433.25 230.1300 6.5255
30.5440
fraksi umpan , Cp x
0.0505 0.1613 0.0081
0.4856 0.2177 0.1057
0.0017 0.0918 0.0002
0.0020 0.2521 0.0005
0.0058 0.2521 0.0015
0.4544 0.3738 0.1699
1.0000 0.2858
, Cp
0.7409
, kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
1018.7323 63.5689
f2
11 Kern hal 844)

panas : Heavy organic, anulus
itung flow area
3.068
12
0.2557 f
2.38
12
0.1983 f
3,14(D22-D12)/4
0.0204 f
(D22-D12)/D1
0.1312 f
13750.1936 lb/jam
0.0204 f2
672939.64015 lb/jam f2
226.75 o
F
0.2858 cP
0.6917 lb/jam.f
88316.824571 lb/jam.f
0.6917 lb/jam.f
127685.72003
253 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834)
226.75 o
F
1.50
1 0, 14
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
al surface per foot length)
0.0573 f
55780.4724
0.264
55780.4724 0, 42
( 0.00618
)
76.8750 lb/f 3
0.4742 f
2.4316 fps
0.2754 f
0.74965 x 76.8750
144.00
0.4002 psi
(Co-01)
COOLER (CO-02)
Kode : CO-02
Fungsi : mendinginkan produk hasil bawah MD-01 menuju MD-02
Jenis : Double pipe
Masuk
komponen Kmol A B C
C2H4O2 0.0604 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727
CH3OH 57.5504 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
H2O 0.6893 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
C3H7NO 54.3937 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03
Total 112.6939
Keluar
komponen Kmol A B C
C2H4O2 0.0604 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727
CH3OH 57.5504 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
H2O 0.6893 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
C3H7NO 54.3937 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03
Total 112.6939

Tin = 302 K
Tout = 313.15 K
Q = m x CpDT
m= Q
Cp.(Tout-Tin)
m= 423063.4431
4.184*(313-302)
= 9192.2354 kg/jam

C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0006 60.053 0.0604
CH3OH 1844.0312 0.3160 32.042 57.5504
H 2O 12.4184 0.0021 18.015 0.6893
C3H7NO 3975.9054 0.6813 73.095 54.3937
Total 5835.9844 1.0000 112.6939
Fluida panas :
Suhu masuk : 111.60 C 232.89
Suhu keluar : 81.14 C 178.05
: 12865.9268 lb/jam
Fluida dingin :
: 20265.0693 lb/jam
: 401008.0030 btu/jam

232.89 Higher temp 104 128.89
178.05 Lower temp 84.2 93.85
t 2 - t 1
TLMTD = = 110.45 o
F
t 2
ln
( t 1 )
tavg = ta = t 1+ t2
= 94.1 o
F Tav =
2
Menghitung densitas
* Fluida Panas
T = 111.60 oC = 384.75 K
C2H4O2 0.0005 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.5107 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
H 2O 0.0061 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
C3H7NO 0.4827 0.23013 0.27630 647.00
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 384.75 K
Komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
C3H7NO -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05
Total

Komponen A B C D
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
T = 307.65 K
Komponen A B n Tc
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
A = Q = 423063.4431 = 34.8230
U D T LMTD 12148.9543647733

ID : 4.026 in
OD : 3.50 in
ID : 3.068 in
Fluida dingin :water, inner pipe Fluida panas : Methanol, anulus

D= 3.068 D2 =
12
= 0.2557 f =
ap = 3,14 D2/4 = 0.051312 f2 D1 =
Gp = w/ap = 20265.0693 lb/jam
0.051312 f2 =
= 394939.1776 lb/jam f2
= 0.7409 cP aa =
= 1.7930 lb/f jam =
De =
Reynolds =
DG p = 100972.783077154 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa =
Re p =
1.7930 lb/jam.f
= 56316.2612 =
jH = 147 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T =
At = 94.10 o
F =
DG p =
1/3 Re p =
c.
( )k
= 1.71
1 /3 0 .14

=
jH =
k c.
hi = jH . .
D k ( )( ) .
.
t =
c=
= 351.0877 Btu/jam f F 2o
0 k=
c.
= 307.7535 Btu/jam f2 oF
( )k
k c
=
1

ho= jH
De k ( )( 3

=
hio .ho =
hio +ho
= 27.5100
UD = Q =
423063.4431 =
A . T 27.5100 110.4450
UC UD
UC . UD
1073.2230 h outside 307.7535

Pressure drop :
Rep = 56316.2612 De ' =
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep =
56316.2612 0, 42 f = 0,0035 +
(= 0.00617
) 0, 42
s= 1.00000
(
=
)
= 62.5000 lb/f3 s=
=
4 fG 2
a L = 0.0691 f
Pp= 2
2
4 fG a L =
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 0.0691 x 62.5000 V=
144 F1 =
= 0.0300 psi Pa =
P = 0.5079
f. Neraca Panas di Sekitar Coller (Co-03)

D Cp dT
2.8945E-06 10682.32 645.61 C2H4O2 645.6115 406.0770
1.460E-06 7337.21 422259.71 CH3OH 422259.7095 267874.7499
5.35E-07 6532.67 4503.20 H2 O 4503.1997 2918.1087
1.86E-06 13587.98 739100.30 C3H7NO 739100.3043 472246.4464
1166508.83 Sub total 1166508.8251 743445.3819
T= 354.29 K Total 1166508.8251 1166508.8251
D Cp dT
Q =m CpdT
2.8945E-06 6718.97 406.08
1.460E-06 4654.61 267874.75
5.35E-07 4233.22 2918.11
1.86E-06 8682.01 472246.45
743445.38
fraksi
0.0005
0.5107
0.0061
0.4827
1.0000
F
F
T 1+ T 2
= 205.47 o
F
2
487.20 822.2644 0.0275
512.58 697.7074 22.2334
437.65 274.0000 0.1046
433.25 230.1300 6.9312
29.2967
fraksi umpan , Cp x
0.0005 0.1591 0.0001
0.5107 0.2143 0.1094
0.0061 0.2482 0.0015
0.4827 0.3693 0.1783
1.0000 0.2893
, Cp
0.7409
, kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
1018.7323 63.5689
f2
11 Kern hal 844)
panas : Methanol, anulus

itung flow area
4.026
12
0.3355 f
3.5
12
0.2917 f
3,14(D22-D12)/4
0.0216 f
(D22-D12)/D1
0.0943 f
12865.9268 lb/jam
0.0216 f2
596188.994332 lb/jam f2
205.47 o
F
0.2893 cP
0.7001 lb/jam.f
56193.3110316 lb/jam.f
0.7001 lb/jam.f
80261.6702871
300 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834)
205.47 o
F
1.44
1 0,14
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
1073.2230 Btu/jam f2 oF
al surface per foot length)
0.0438 f
37326.0492
0.264
37326.0492 0, 42
( 0.00667
)
75.0000 lb/f 3
0.6903 f
2.2081 fps
0.2271 f
0.91746 x 75.0000
144.00
0.4778 psi
COOLER (CO-03)
Kode : CO-03
Fungsi : mendinginkan produk Dimethylformamide dari MD-02 bawah ke T-03
Jenis : shell and tube HE
Masuk
komponen Kmol A B C
CH3OH 0.0576 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
H2O 0.1942 92.050 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
C3H7NO 54.3393 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03
Total 54.5911
Keluar
komponen Kmol A B C
CH3OH 0.0576 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
H2O 0.1942 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
C3H7NO 54.3393 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03
Total 54.5911

Tin = 302 K
Tout = 313.15 K
Q = m x CpDT
m= Q
Cp.(Tout-Tin)
m = 1047160.2834
4.184*(313-302)
= 22752.4831 kg/jam

CH3OH 1.8440 0.0005 32.042 0.0576
H 2O 3.4992 0.0009 18.015 0.1942
C3H7NO 3971.9295 0.9987 73.095 54.3393
Total 3977.2727 1.0000 54.5911

Fluida panas :
Suhu masuk : 151.63 C 304.93
Suhu keluar : 32.00 C 89.60
: 8768.2379 lb/jam
Fluida dingin :
: 50159.7952 lb/jam
: 992568.9890 btu/jam

304.93 Higher temp 104 200.93
89.60 Lower temp 84.2 5.40
t 2 - t 1
TLMTD = = 54.07 o
F
t 2
ln
( t 1 )
tavg = ta = t 1+ t2
= 94.1 o
F Tav =
2 34.5 C
Menghitung densitas
* Fluida Panas
T = 151.63 oC = 424.78 K
CH3OH 0.0011 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
H 2O 0.0036 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
C3H7NO 0.9954 0.23013 0.27630 647.00
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 424.78 K
Komponen A B C D
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
C3H7NO -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05
Total

Komponen A B C D
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
T = 307.65 K
Komponen A B n Tc
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
Untuk exchanger fluida panas heavy organik dan water fluida dingin
UD = 5 -75 Btu/f2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern, 1965 : 840)
A = Q = 1047160.2834 = 774.7242
U D T LMTD 1351.6556326292
karena A > 200 f2 maka digunakan jenis shell and tube HE
PERANCANGAN PIPA
Dari tabel 10. Kern, dipilih pipa dengan spesifikasi :
Tube side Shell side
OD tube : 1 in ID :
ID tube : 0.87 in Baffle Space :
BWG : 16 1 1/4
a't : 0.594 in2
a" : 0.2618 f2/lin f
L: 20 f 240
Passes (n) : 1
Jumlah tube (Nt) = L a} } } {

A = 774.7242

5.236
= 147.9611
Digunakan jumlah pipa standart Nt standar

Nt = 152 buah tube (Tabel 9, Kern)

Jenis Fluida = water
Letak = Shell

DG as = ID C' B (Eq 7.1)
Re=pp
144 PT
C = clearance between tube
= Pitch - ODtube
= 1/4 in
B = baffle spacing
PT = tube pitch
DG
Re=pc.p1/3 as = 0.1287 f2
(k)
0.14/3
Menghitung Kecepatan Massa (Gs)
c.k
kD).
.hi=jH(
Gs = w / as
Gs = 389840.3382 lb/jam.f2

tavg = 34.50 o
C = 94.10 o
F
1/3
.c
(ck)
k0,14
=
=
0.7409
1.7930
Cp
lb/f jam
ho=jH() 3
De = 4 x
1 PTx 0,86PT 1 do 2 / 4
Dekw
2 2
1 do
2
(Pers. 7.5, Kern)
dimana, do = outside diameter of tubes, in
De = 0.7118 in
= 0.0593 f
ioh.
Uc= Menghitung Bilangan Reynold (Re)
hio+
D .G
Res =

Res = 12896.8277
L/D = 337.1812
jH = 34 (Fig. 28, Kern, Hal. 838)
Q tavg = ta = 94.1 o
F
A.T
k= 0.368 Btu/jam.f2.(oF/f) (Tabel 4, Kern)
c= 1.000 (Fig. 2, Kern, Hal. 804)
UCD
1/3
c.
.UCD ( )
k
= 1.6953
1 /3 0 .14
k c.
hi = jH .
D
. (
k ) ( ) .
.
ho = hi x ID/OD
ho = 311.1145 Btu/jam f2 oF
Clean Overall Coefficient (Uc)

0,42
()
0,42
()0,42 Uc=
hio . ho
() hio + ho
Uc = 24.7825
2
4LfG2a Design Overall Coefficient (U )
4Pp=LfGa D
Pa=222Dg 1 1
2Dg = + Rd
U D Uc
dimana:
Rd = Fouling Factor
Rd = 0.003 (Tabel 8, Kern, 1950, Hal 840)
1 = 0.0434
UD
TOTAL SURFACE
a" = 0.2618 f2/lin f (Tabel 10, Kern)
Total Surface = Nt x L x a"

= 795.872 f2
UD KOREKSI
Q 23.0670 Btu/jam f2 oF
U D= =
A . T LMTD
DIRT FACTOR
U C -U D = 0.0030 jam f2F/Btu

R D=
U C U D
311.1145 h outside 26.9274

RD = 0.0030 jam f2F/Btu
MENGHITUNG PRESSURE DROP

Res = 12896.8277
f = 0.0024 (Fig. 29, Kern)

s = 1 (tabel 6. hal 808)
t = 1
D = 0.0593 f
n = Passes = 1
r= 62.5
Number of Crosses
N + 1 = 12.L / B
= 598.4416
Ps = f . G2 . D . (N+1)
5,22 . 1010 . D . S .t
= 0.4182 psia
P = 0.4187

D Cp dT
Q =m CpdT Komponen Masuk, kJ/Jam
1.460E-06 11104.43 639.0646 CH3OH 639.0646
5.35E-07 9607.51 1866.1500 H2 O 1866.1500
1.86E-06 20304.82 1103349.3458 C3H7NO 1103349.3458
1105854.56 Sub total 1105854.5603
Beban Pendingin
T= 305.15 K Total 1105854.5603
D Cp dT
Q =m CpdT
1.460E-06 573.61 33.01
5.35E-07 539.65 104.82
1.86E-06 1077.61 58556.45
58694.28
fraksi
0.0011
0.0036
0.9954
1.0000
F
F
T 1+ T 2
= 197.27 o
F
2
91.82
512.58 644.7234 0.0424
437.65 274.0000 0.0608
433.25 230.1300 14.2939
14.3971
fraksi umpan , Cp x
0.0011 0.1436 0.0002
0.0036 0.1804 0.0006
0.9954 0.2779 0.2766
1.0000 0.2774
, Cp
0.7409
, kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
1018.7323 63.5689
f2
19 1/4 in
4.8125 in = 0.4010 f
Triangular pitch
FLUIDA PANAS (TUBE)

Jenis Fluida = Heavy Organic
Letak = Tube

a't = 0.594 in2
at = Number of Tubes x Flow Area per Tube

Number of Passes
at = (Nt . a't) / (144 . n)
at = 0.6103
(Pers. 7.48)
Menghitung Kecepatan Massa (Gt)
Gt = w / at
Gt = 14366.1668 lb/jam.f2
Tavg = 91.8153 o
C = 197.2675
= 0.2774 Cp o
F
= 0.6713 lb/f jam
D = ID tube
D = 0.8700 in
= 0.0725 f
D .G
Re=
Re =

t 1551.5174
L/D = 275.8621
jH = 20 (Fig. 24, Kern, Hal. 838)
tavg = ta = 197.2675 o
F
k= 0.0480 Btu/jam.f2.(oF/f)(Tabel 4, Kern)
c= 0.4000 (Fig. 2, Kern, Hal. 804)
1/3
c. =
( )
k
2.3375 0.0000
1 /3 0 .14
k c.
hi = jH .
D ( ) ( )
.
k
.
.
hio = hi x ID/OD
hio = 26.9274 Btu/jam f2 oF
FLUIDA PANAS (TUBE)
Ret = 1551.5174
f = 0.00035 (Fig. 26, Kern)

s = 1.42
t = 1
D = 0.0725 f
n = Passes = 2
Pt = f . G2 . L . N = 0.0005
5,22 . 10 . D . s . t
10
psia
r Coller (Co-05)
di Sekitar Coller (Co-05)

Keluar, kJ/Jam
33.0114
104.8200
58556.4457
58694.2770
1047160.2834
1105854.5603
COOLER (CO-04)
Kode : CO-02
Fungsi : mendinginkan produk methanol hasil atas MD-02 menuju T-04
Jenis : Double pipe
Masuk
komponen Kmol A B C
C2H4O2 0.0604 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727
CH3OH 57.4929 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
H2O 0.4951 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
C3H7NO 0.0544 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03
Total 58.1028
Keluar
komponen Kmol A B C
C2H4O2 0.0604 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727
CH3OH 57.4929 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
H2O 0.4951 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04
C3H7NO 0.0544 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03
Total 58.1028

Tin = 302 K
Tout = 313.15 K
Q = m x CpDT
m= Q
Cp.(Tout-Tin)
m= 155881.1221
4.184*(313-302)
= 3386.9529 kg/jam

C2H4O2 3.6294 0.0020 60.053 0.0604
CH3OH 1842.1872 0.9911 32.042 57.4929
H2O 8.9192 0.0048 18.015 0.4951
C3H7NO 3.9759 0.0021 73.095 0.0544
Total 1858.7117 1.0000 58.1028
Fluida panas :
Suhu masuk : 64.65 C 148.36
Suhu keluar : 32.00 C 89.60
: 4097.6890 lb/jam
Fluida dingin :
: 7466.8275 lb/jam
: 147754.6181 btu/jam

148.36 Higher temp 104 44.36
89.60 Lower temp 84.2 5.40
t 2 - t 1
TLMTD = = 18.50 o
F
t 2
ln
( t 1 )
tavg = ta = t 1+ t2
= 94.1 o
F Tav =
2 34.5
Menghitung densitas
* Fluida Panas
T = 64.65 oC = 337.80 K
C2H4O2 0.0010 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.9895 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
H 2O 0.0085 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
C3H7NO 0.0009 0.23013 0.27630 647.00
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 337.80 K
Komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
C3H7NO -5.329 8.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.01E-05
Total

Komponen A B C D
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
T = 307.65 K
Komponen A B n Tc
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
Untuk exchanger fluida panas methanol dan water fluida dingin

A = Q = 155881.1221 = 32.4067
U D T LMTD 4810.1453006937

ID : 2.067 in
OD : 1.66 in
ID : 1.38 in
Fluida dingin :water, inner pipe Fluida panas : methanol, anulus

D= 1.38 D2 =
12
= 0.1150 f =
ap = 3,14 D2/4 = 0.010382 f2 D1 =
Gp = w/ap = 7466.8275 lb/jam
0.010382 f2 =
= 719234.9432 lb/jam f2
= 0.7409 cP aa =
= 1.7930 lb/f jam =
De =
Reynolds =
DG p = 82712.0184681952 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa =
Re p =
1.7930 lb/jam.f
= 46131.5564 =
jH = 153 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T =
At = 94.10 o
F =
DG p =
1/3 Re p =
c.
( )k
= 1.71
1 /3 0 .14

=
jH =
k c.
hi = jH . .
D k ( )( ) .
.
t =
c=
= 811.8649 Btu/jam f F 2o
k=
c.
= 674.9238 Btu/jam f2 oF
( )k
=
k c
1

ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
=
hio .ho
Uc= = 393.9196 Btu/jam f2 oF
hio +ho
= 17.4000
UD = Q =
147754.6181 =
A . T 17.4000 18.5006
UC UD
UC . UD
946.1274 h outside 674.9238

Pressure drop :
Rep = 46131.5564 De ' =
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep =
46131.5564 0, 42 f = 0,0035 +
(= 0.00640
) 0, 42
s= 1.00000
(
=
)
= 62.5000 lb/f3 s=
=
4 fG 2
a L = 0.7055 f
Pp= 2
4 fG 2a L =
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 0.7055 x 62.5000 V=
144 F1 =
= 0.3062 psi Pa =
=
P = 0.6089

D Cp dT
2.8945E-06 4679.33 282.81 C2H4O2 282.8067 49.4836
1.460E-06 3254.98 187138.29 CH3OH 187138.2877 32978.3467
5.35E-07 2994.20 1482.42 H2 O 1482.4157 267.1765
1.86E-06 6089.57 331.23 C3H7NO 331.2338 58.6151
189234.74 Sub total 189234.7439 33353.6218
T= 305.15 K Total 189234.7439 189234.7439
D Cp dT
Q =m CpdT
2.8945E-06 818.76 49.48
1.460E-06 573.61 32978.35
5.35E-07 539.65 267.18
1.86E-06 1077.61 58.62
33353.62
fraksi
0.0010
0.9895
0.0085
0.0009
1.0000
F
F
T 1+ T 2
= 118.98 o
F
2
48.32
487.20 905.8056 0.0588
512.58 749.2549 46.2627
437.65 274.0000 0.1457
433.25 230.1300 0.0134
46.4806
fraksi umpan , Cp x
0.0010 0.2332 0.0002
0.9895 0.3402 0.3366
0.0085 0.4350 0.0037
0.0009 0.5463 0.0005
1.0000 0.3411
, Cp
0.7409
, kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
1018.7323 63.5689
f2
11 Kern hal 844)
panas : methanol, anulus

itung flow area
2.067
12
0.1723 f
1.66
12
0.1383 f
3,14(D22-D12)/4
0.0083 f
(D22-D12)/D1
0.0761 f
4097.6890 lb/jam
0.0083 f2
495539.21 lb/jam f2
118.98 o
F
0.3411 cP
0.8255 lb/jam.f
37734.838 lb/jam.f
0.8255 lb/jam.f
45713.173
150 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834)
130.00 o
F
0.1540 (Tabel 4 Kern) 0.4231
1.14
1 0,14
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
ernal surface per foot length)
0.0339 f
###
0.264
### 0, 42
( 0.00759
)
51.2500 lb/f 3
2.0025 f
2.6858 fps
0.3360 f
2.33859 x 51.2500
144.00
0.3027 psi
COOLER (CO-01)
Kode : CO-05
Fungsi : mendinginkan produk dari ACC-01 menuju striper (55-37.47 C)
Jenis : Double pipe
Masuk
komponen Kmol A B C
C2H4O2 5.9833 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727
CH3OH 0.5813 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
C2H7N 0.2077 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03
C3H9N 0.2334 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388
Total 7.0057
Keluar
komponen Kmol A B C
C2H4O2 5.9833 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727
CH3OH 0.5813 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03
C2H7N 0.2077 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03
C3H9N 0.2334 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388
Total 7.0057

Tin = 302 K
Tout = 313.15 K
Q = m x CpDT
m= Q
Cp.(Tout-Tin)
m= 5516.9312
4.184*(313-302)
= 119.8707 kg/jam

C2H4O2 359.3153 0.8958 60.053 5.9833
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0464 32.042 0.5813
C2 H 7 N 9.3633 0.0233 45.084 0.2077
C3 H 9 N 13.7982 0.0344 59.111 0.2334
Total 401.1034 1.0000 7.0057
Fluida panas :
Suhu masuk : 60.34 C 140.61
Suhu keluar : 53.72 C 128.69
: 884.2668 lb/jam
Fluida dingin :
: 264.2653 lb/jam
: 5229.3186 btu/jam

140.61 Higher temp 104 36.61
128.69 Lower temp 84.2 44.49
t 2 - t 1
TLMTD = = 40.42 o
F
t 2
ln
( t 1 )
tavg = ta = t 1+ t2
= 94.1 o
F Tav =
2
Menghitung densitas
* Fluida Panas
T = 60.34 oC = 333.49 K
C2H4O2 0.8541 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.0830 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
C2 H 7 N 0.0296 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800
C3 H 9 N 0.0333 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 333.49 K
Komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
C2 H 7 N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05
C3 H 9 N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05
Total

Komponen A B C D
H 2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05
T = 307.65 K
Komponen A B n Tc
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
UD =6-60 Btu/f2.oF.jam (tabel 8. Kern, 1965 : 840)
A = Q = 5516.9312 = 13.6485
U D T LMTD 404.2149762221

ID : 2.067 in
OD : 1.66 in
ID : 1.38 in
Fluida dingin :water, inner pipe Fluida panas : Heavy organic, anulus
D= 1.38 D2 =
12
= 0.1150 f =
ap = 3,14 D2/4 = 0.010382 f2 D1 =
Gp = w/ap = 264.2653 lb/jam
0.010382 f2 =
= 25455.1008 lb/jam f2
= 0.7409 cP aa =
= 1.7930 lb/f jam =
De =
Reynolds =
DG p = 2927.336588083 lb/jam.f Ga = w/aa =
Re p =
1.7930 lb/jam.f
= 1632.6840 =
jH = 15 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834) T =
At = 94.10 o
F =
DG p =
1/3 Re p =
c.
( )k
= 1.71
1 /3 0 .14

=
jH =
k c.
hi = jH . .
D k ( )( ) .
.
t =
c=
= 17.3956 Btu/jam f F 2o
0.2185527696 k=
c.
= 14.4614 Btu/jam f2 oF
( )k
k c
=
1

ho= jH
De k ( )( 3

=
hio .ho
hio +ho
= 10.4400
UD = Q =
5516.9312 =
A . T 10.4400 40.4215
UC UD
UC . UD
230.2402 h outside 14.4614

Pressure drop :
Rep = 1632.6840 De ' =
f = 0,0035 + 0.264 Rep =
1632.6840 0, 42 f = 0,0035 +
(= 0.01531
) 0, 42
s= 1.00000
(
=
)
= 62.5000 lb/f3 s=
=
4 fG 2
a L = 0.0013 f
Pp= 2
4 fG 2a L =
2 g D Pa=
2 g2 D
PP = 0.0013 x 62.5000 V=
144 F1 =
= 0.0006 psi Pa =
P = 0.0222

D Cp dT
Q =m CpdT komponen Masuk, kJ/Jam
2.8945E-06 4157.34 24874.64 C2H4O2 24874.6389
1.460E-06 2894.82 1682.81 CH3OH 1682.8079
5.399E-06 5402.88 1122.10 C2H7N 1122.1020
4.6585E-06 5050.31 1178.88 C3H9N 1178.8835
28858.43 Sub total 28858.4323
Beban Pendingin
T= 326.87 K Total 28858.4323
D Cp dT
Q =m CpdT
2.8945E-06 3362.80 20120.64
1.460E-06 2345.11 1363.26
5.399E-06 4364.02 906.35
4.6585E-06 4075.16 951.26
23341.50
fraksi
0.8541
0.0830
0.0296
0.0333
1.0000
F
F
T 1+ T 2
= 134.65 o
F
2
487.20 912.8126 48.6467
512.58 753.5882 3.9019
437.65 606.6586 1.1222
433.25 581.6777 1.2094
54.8803
fraksi umpan , Cp x
0.8541 0.2415 0.2063
0.0830 0.3559 0.0295
0.0296 0.1459 0.0043
0.0333 0.1297 0.0043
1.0000 0.2445
, Cp
0.7409
, kg/m3 .x (lb/f3)
1018.7323 63.5689
f2
11 Kern hal 844)
panas : Heavy organic, anulus

itung flow area
2.067
12
0.1723 f
1.66
12
0.1383 f
3,14(D22-D12)/4
0.0083 f
(D22-D12)/D1
0.0761 f
884.2668 lb/jam
0.0083 f2
106935.6073 lb/jam f2
134.65 o
F
0.2445 cP
0.5916 lb/jam.f
8143.0444992 lb/jam.f
0.5916 lb/jam.f
13764.790806
55 fig.24 (Kern, 1969 : 834)
134.65 o
F
1.36
1 0, 14
k c
ho= jH
De k ( )( ) 3
w
ernal surface per foot length)
0.0339 f
6130.8164
0.264
6130.8164 0, 42
( 0.01027
)
76.8750 lb/f 3
0.0337 f
0.3864 fps
0.0070 f
0.04061 x 76.8750
144.00
0.0217 psi
Coller (Co-02)
di Sekitar Coller (Co-02)

Keluar, kJ/Jam
20120.64
1363.26
906.35
951.26
23341.50
5516.9312
28858.4323
POMPA-05
Fungsi : Mengalirkan bahan baku methylformate dari mixer ke Reaktor

C2H4O2 3629.4479 0.9681 60.053 60.4374
CH3OH 119.7758 0.0319 32.042 3.7381
3749.2237 1.0000 64.1755
Desitas
Density = A. B (1-T/Tc) ^ n T = 329.1807
= 56.0307
komponen %mol A B n
C2H4O2 0.9418 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680
CH3OH 0.0582 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310
Total 1.0000
Viskositas :
T= 329.1807 K
komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05
Total
Diperoleh :
= 3.6470 lb/f3
= 0.0002 lb/f dt

Qf
Waktu dtk

Qf = 0.6295 f3/s
= 64.1756 m3/jam
= 235.2676 gpm
= 0.0178 m3/s
Diambil :
= 146.8236 m3/jam
= 338.7854 gpm
= 895.3968 m3/s
Diopt 3,9.Qf 0,45 0,13

Keterangan :
Dopt = 4.4151 in
D nominal = 6 in
ID = 6.065 in =
OD = 6.625 in =
Schedule = 40

Dimana :
Q
A
v= 10.2779 f/s
= 3.1327 m/s

Dimana :
N Re
D = OD, ( f )
Nre = 0.5521 f x 10.2779 f/s x
0.0002 lb/f s
* Neraca tenaga :
v 2 z.g P
.F Wf
2..g C gC
Dimana :
Dz = beda elevasi
.-Wf = Total head
v2
2 .g C
=
zg
gC
Tinggi Fluida dalam Mixer z1 = 5.8885
Tinggi pipa pemasukan di Reaktor z2 = 14.3026
= 4.3594
z = z2 - z1 = 8.4140
= 2.5646
Tekanan dalam Mixer P1 = 2.2121
Tekanan dalam Reaktor P2 = 3.4000
P HE-02 = 0.0293
= 0.0020

Nre = 119626.4546
D= 6 in
Diperoleh :
/D 0.00025 Grafik.126 Brown hal. 141 (untuk pipa commercial stee

Le/D
Komponen Jumlah f m
Vertikal 1 14.3026 4.3594
Gate Valve 1 3.5 1.0668
Total

= 187.4089 f
f * ( L Le ) *V 2
F 2 * g * ID
Dimana:
= 0.0028 m
P V 2
( Ws ) z F
*g 2*g
Friction head :
f * (L+Le) * V2 / 2 * g * ID = 0.0028 m
- Ws = 4.2576 m
= 13.9687 f
Q= 146.8236 m3/jam
Total Head = 4.3 m

BHP teoritis
550
Diketahui :
Q= 0.9065 f3/s
- Ws = 13.9687 f
= 3.6470 lb/f3
Sehingga,

= 0.1200 Hp

m= 80.00%
BHP pompa
Power motor
m
= 111.8123 watt

N * Q 0 .5
( h ) 0 . 75
N= 3500 rpm
Q= 338.7854 gal/min
h= 13.9687 f
Ns = 8915.8839 rpm
Spesifikasi Pompa
%mol
0.9418
0.0582
1.0000
K
C
487.20 919.7323 60.053 56.5550 56.5550
512.58 757.8672 32.042 1.8664 1.8664
58.4214 58.4214
, Cp x
0.2503 0.2357
0.3727 0.0217
0.2574
(Peters, 2003 : hal 496-497)
0.5054 f
0.5521 f
0.0882 f2
3.6470 lb/f3
(Peters, hal 486)

m/dtk
3.1327 m/s
0.5003 m
1.6415 f
f
f
m
f
m
atm
atm
psia
atm
atm
L atau Le
m
7.0000
4.8594
32.0040
12.1920
1.0668
57.1222
rafik. 127, Brown, 1950 : 141
Wf .
550

Tugas : Menurunkan tekanan campuran keluar ACC-01 ke striper

Type : gobe valve
Massa masuk :
C2H4O2 359.3153 0.8958 60.053 5.9833 0.8541
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0464 32.042 0.5813 0.0830
C2H7N 9.3633 0.0233 45.084 0.2077 0.0296
C3H9N 13.7982 0.0344 59.111 0.2334 0.0333
Total 401.1034 1.0000 7.0057 1.0000
Log = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T = 333.5 K
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05 0.2415
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 0.3559
C2H7N -11.5558 1.21E+03 3.50E-02 -4.13E-05 0.1459
C3H9N -3.9726 4.42E+02 1.07E-02 -1.61E-05 0.1297
Total
Menghitung densitas
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 912.8126
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 753.5882
C2H7N 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65 606.6586
C3H9N 0.23283 0.25703 0.26870 433.25 581.6777
Total
Kapasitas = 401.1034 kg/jam

= 0.1114 kg/dtk
= 884.2806 lb/jam
= 54.9049 lb/f3
2.4446E-04 kg/m.dtk
0.5916 lb/f.jam
1.6433E-04 lb/f.dtk
Pin = 3.4000 atm
= 49.9800 psia
P out = 2.7000 atm
= 39.6900 psia
T in = 60.3383 C
= 333.3383 K
= 140.6089 F
Design
m
Qv=

Qv = 0.4561 m3/jam
= 16.1057 f3/jam
= 456.0630 ltr/jam
= 0.1463 f3/dtk
= 0.2684 f3/mnt
0. 45 0 .13
Di opt =3 . 9 . Q .
Diopt = 2.7642287776 in = 0.2303500578
NPS = 3 in OD =
Sch N = 40 A' t =
=
Q
V=
A' t
V = 2.8544 f/dtk
d. Cek aliran
D. V .

NRE = 219,681.7375
/D = 0.0006 (Fig. 126, Brown, 1950)
Proses :
2
v dv fv dL
V dP+ + (Pers. 72, Brown, 1950)
gc 2gcD
Lost work, lw (F) :
( P1 P2 ) 144
Lw ( F )=

Lw = 26.9877616132 f

L=
fv2
L = 39.8293863563 f = 12.1399969614 m
, x
0.20627
0.02953
0.00433
0.00432
0.24446
.x, kg/m3
779.5948
62.5308
17.9845
19.3813
879.4913
f
3.5
7.38 in2
0.0512548547 f2
. 126, Brown, 1950)
. 125, Brown, 1950)
rs. 72, Brown, 1950)

MIXER-01
Fungsi : Tempat pencampuran dari arus-arus recycle dan dari tangki penyimpanan bahan baku.
Kondisi operasi :
Suhu : 56.0307 C = 329.1807 K
Tekanan : 2.2121 atm = 1,681.1707 mmHg
*) Dipilih bentuk silinder tegak

*) Memilih bahan konstruksi
Dalam perancangan ini dipilih bahan konstruksi carbon steel
Pertimbangan :
- Bahan tahan korosi
- Bahan tahan terhadap perubahan tekanan dan suhu
* Menghitung Densitas
komponen A B n Tc , kg/m3
C2H4O2 0.34143 0.25838 0.27680 487.20 919.7323
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 757.8672
Log = A + B/T + CT + DT2 T= 329.1807 K

komponen A B C D , Cp
C2H4O2 -8.0637 1.01E+03 2.09E-02 -2.30E-05 2.47E-01
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 3.70E-01
Umpan Masuk
Arus 1
C2H4O2 3270.4918 0.9700 60.053 54.3404 0.9451
CH3OH 101.1492 0.0300 32.042 3.1568 0.0549
3371.6410 1.0000 57.4972 1.0000
Arus 9
bawah :
C2H4O2 358.9561 0.9507 60.053 5.9773 0.9114
CH3OH 18.6266 0.0493 32.042 0.5813 0.0886
377.5827 1.0000 6.5586 1.0000
Arus Keluar
Arus 3
C2H4O2 3629.4479 0.9681 60.053 60.4374 0.9418
CH3OH 119.7758 0.0319 32.042 3.7381 0.0582
3749.2237 1.0000 64.1755 1.0000
komponen kg %berat (kg/m3) .x , Cp .x

C2H4O2 3629.4479 0.9681 919.7323 890.3498 2.47E-01 2.39E-01
CH3OH 119.7758 0.0319 757.8672 24.2115 3.70E-01 1.18E-02
3749.2237 1.0000 1677.5995 914.5612 2.51E-01
cairan = 914.5612 kg/m3

Laju Alir Volumetrik (Fv) = 4.1042 m3/jam
1) Menghitung volume tangki :

VL = Fv x waktu tinggal
= 1.0261 m3
Over design 20 % = 1,2 x 1.0261
= 1.2313 m 3
= 43.4772 f3 < 71534 f3 small close vessel

= 325.2526 gal
2) Perhitungan Dimensi Mixer

Perbandingan antara diameter dan tinggi mixer yang optimum = 1 : 1 (D:H=1:1) (brownell, 1959, hal 43)
Jenis: silinder tegak dengan alas dan tutup berbentuk torispherical (cocok untuk P operasi 15-200 psig)
2
xD xD= xD 3
4 4
Volume shell =
D=
=

3 4xVshell

1.1619 m
= 45.7433 in
digunakan Diameter standar :
= 48 in
= 1.219 m
= 4.000 f
Dimana :
Ds = diameter shell, in
Vdish = volume, f3
sf = 2
Vsf = 2 sf
D
4 144
2 sf
D
4 144
Vhead = 2x (Vdish + Vsf)

4
D 2 sf
= 2x(0,000049xD3 + )
144
= 0.0353 f3
= 0.0010 m3
Vmixer = Vshell + Vhead
= 1.2313 + 0.0010
= 1.2323 m3
Dengan spesifikasi mixer sebagai berikut :

Diameter shell : 1.2192 m
Tinggi shell : 1.2192 m
Volume shell : 1.2313 m3
Volume head : 0.0010 m3
Volume mixer : 1.2323 m3
Volume cairan dalam shell
Volume bottom = 0,5 x Volume head
= 0.0005 m3
= 1.2308 m3
Tinggi cairan dalam shell :
4.V
h=
. D2
= 1.0548 m
= 3.4605 f
3) Menentukan tebal shell (ts)

Dirancang menggunakan Stainless steel SA-167 304
P.r
ts= +C
( f . E0,6 . P) (Pers. 13.1, Brownell & young, 1959; hal 254)
ts = tebal shell, in
r = Jari-jari
= .Diameter mixer
= 0,5 x 48.0000 in = 24.0000 in
C = faktor korosi = 0.125
f = tegangan yang diijinkan
f = 14507.7720
Menghitung tekanan:
P hidrostatis = tinggi cairan .mix = 964.6528 kg/m2 = 1.3692 psia
Popras = 32.5 psia
Poperasi = Preaksi + Phidrostatis = 33.8866 psia
Pdesain = 1.1* P operasi = 37.2752 psia
P = tekanan dalam mixer = 37.2752 psia
Sehingga :
ts = 0.1977 in
digunakan tebal standar 1/4 in = 1/4 in
4) Menentukan tebal head (th) dan tebal bottom

Direncanakan bentuk head torisperical, bahan steinless stell SA-167 340
OD = ID + 2ts = 48.5000 in
Dari tabel 5-7 Brownell, hal 91
untuk OD = 54 in
ts = 0.2500 in
icr = 3.25 in
r= 54 in
w= 1
4 ( )
3+
r
icr
= 1.7690 in
Sehingga: P.r .W
th = +C
2. f . E0,2.P (Pers. 7.77, Brownell & young, 1959; hal 138)
th = 0.2694 in digunakan tebal standar5/16 in

th = 5/16
5) Menentukan tinggi mixer total

untuk th =5/16 in pada tabel 5.6 Brownell & young, hal 88 diperoleh sf = 1 1/2 - 3, Diambil sf = 2
OD keterangan :
icr b
t = tebal head
OA
B A
r = jari-jari dish
r
sf

ID t b = tinggi head
a
C
ID = OD standart - (2*ts)
ID
a=
2
ID (jari-jari dalam shell)
a=
2
= 26.75 in
ID
AB = icr
2
= 23.500 in
BC = r irc
= 50.750 in
AC = (BC - AB )
2 2 1/2
= 44.9812 in
b= r AC (tinggi head)
= 9.0188 in
tinggi head total (OA) = sf + b + th
= 11.3313 in
= 0.2878 m
tinggi mixer total = 2 x tinggi head total+ tinggi shell
= 0.5756 + 1.2192
= 1.7948 m
= 5.88854 f
6) menentukan jumlah dan jenis pengaduk
Jenis pengaduk dipilih turbin dengan 6 blade disk standar
Dari tabel 8.3 Rase, 1977 :
Sistem : dissolution : Turbine (max : 10.000 gal)
Propeller (max : 2500 gal ( 9.5 m3))
Paddle (max : 10.000 gal)
Dipilih : Turbin, karena : - Hp turbin tidak dipengaruhi Viskositas diatas reynold 500-1000
- Percampuran sangat baik, bahkan dalam skala mikro
Dari McCabe L Warren,1999; jilid 1 hal 235 :
Perbandingan ukuran, umumnya: Di/DR = 1/3 L = Di/4
E/Di = 1 B = Di/12
W = Di /5
B Diameter mixer (DR) = 1.2192

Diameter pengaduk (Di) = 0.4064
Pengaduk dari dasar (E) = 0.4064
Tinggi Pengaduk (W) = 0.0813
H L DI Lebar pengaduk (L) = 0.1016
Lebar baffle (B) = 0.0339
W
E
DR
Menghitung jumlah impeler (pengaduk):
Dimana WELH adalah Water Equivalen Liquid High
WELH = tinggi bahan x sg

= tinggi bahan x cairan
air
sg = 0.9210
= 1.0548 m x 0.9210
= 0.9715 m
impeller = WELH
D
= 0.9715
1.2192
= 0.7968
Putaran pengaduk :
2
WELH . DI . N
=
2. DI 600 ( ) (Rase, 1977, hal. 345)
N=
N=
600
.
WELH
.DI/0,304 8 2.DI
156.6786 rpm
= 2.6113 rps
Menentukan Power Pompa :

P = n3 . KT . Di5 . (Mc Cabe and Smith, 1985)
KT = konstanta, untuk 6 blade turbin = 6.30000
P= 1,137.3569 W
P= 1.13736 kW
Dipilih effisiensi motor 80%
P= 0.14217 kW
P= 0.19999 Hp
P= 0.50000 Hp
Fv = m/
3.9462003
0.1580433
4.1042436
small close vessel

Neraca Panas
Menghitung panas bahan baku (Qf) pada T = 32 C

= 305.15 K
T ref = 25 C
= 298.15 K
Arus 1
C2H4O2 3270.4918 0.9700 60.053 54.3404 0.9451
CH3OH 101.1492 0.0300 32.042 3.1568 0.0549
total 3371.6410 1.0000 57.4972 1.0000
CpdT = A (T -298) + B/2 (T2-2982) + C/3 (T3 - 2983) + D/4 (T4 - 2984)
komponen A B C D
C2H4O2 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06
CH3OH 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06
C2 H 7 N 36.962 0.95817 -3.585E-03 5.399E-06
C3 H 9 N 47.96 0.7302 -0.0028388 4.6585E-06
H 2O 92.05 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07
C3H7NO 63.727 0.60708 -1.62E-03 1.86E-06
Panas Masuk (Qf) : T =

C2H4O2 54.3404 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 8.188E+02
CH3OH 3.1568 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 573.6074
total 57.4972
Menghitung panas recycle (Qrc) pada T = 330.03 K

56.88 C
C2H4O2 5.9773 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 2212.2348534
CH3OH 0.5813 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 1.810E+03
total 6.5586
Menghitung panas di Mixer :
Neraca panas mixer ln Pi = A -B/(C+T), mmHg

komponen Qf Qrc komponen A B
C2H4O2 4.449E+04 13223.2401 CH3OH 18.5875 3626.55
CH3OH 1.811E+03 1051.95658 H 2O 18.3036 3816.44
total 60577.5733 C2 H 7 N 16.2653 2358.77
C3 H 9 N 16.0499 2230.51
C2H4O2 16.5104 2590.87
Menghitung suhu Mixer C3H7NO 15.770 3147.7
T trial = 329.1807 K
= 56.0307 C
C2H4O2 60.4374 42.381 0.57084 -0.0019727 2.8945E-06 2109.8808008
CH3OH 3.7381 40.152 0.31046 -1.029E-03 1.460E-06 1.739E+03
total 64.1755
T = 329.1807 K
56.0307 C
komponen %mol A B C Ln P P
C2H4O2 0.9405 16.5104 2590.87 -42.6 7.4698 1754.2035
CH3OH 0.0582 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 6.2896 538.9127
Total 1.0000
P = 1681.1707 mmHg
2.2121 atm
305.15
Q =m CpdT
4.449E+04
1.811E+03
4.630E+04
Q =m CpdT
13223.2400584515
1051.9565786321
14275.1966370836
C
-34.29
-46.13
-35.13
-39.15
-42.6
-81.342
Q =m CpdT
127515.735231758
6499.6886264758
134,015.4239
Pi.xi
1649.8220
31.3487
1681.1707

Template Perhitungan Baru

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Template Perhitungan Baru

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

NERACA MASSA

Kapasitas perancangan per tahun : 31.500 ton/tahun

Kapasitas per jam = 31500 ton 1000 kg 1 tahun 1 hari

komponen Arus 2 Arus 3 Arus 4

Neraca Massa Menara Distilasi-01

komponen Arus 4 Arus 5 Arus 6

komponen Arus 6 Arus 7 Arus 8

Neraca Massa Stripper

komponen Arus 5 Arus 9 Arus 10

neraca massa total

NERACA MASA TOTAL

1. Neraca Massa Total

Tabel 2.1 Neraca Massa Total

2. Neraca Massa Disekitar Reaktor

Tabel 2.2 Neraca Massa Disekitar Reaktor

3. Neraca Massa di Menara Distilasi 01

Tabel 2.3 Neraca Massa di Menara Distilasi 01

4. Neraca Massa di Striper

5. Neraca Massa di Menara Distilasi 02

Tabel 2.5 Neraca Massa di Menara Distilasi 02

komponen TC (K) TBP HV (J/mol) DHF (Kj/mol) DGF (Kj/mol)

ln Pi = A -B/(C+T), mmHg VICOSITAS CAIRAN

Neraca Panas Reaktor

DHf298 = DHf298produk -DHf298 reaktan

.DHR = DH reaktan + DHf298 + DHproduk

Tabel 2.7 Neraca Panas di Sekitar Reaktor

Dew Point T= 436.9060 K P=

Dew Point T= 338.2896 K P=

Dew Point T= 439.1212 K P=

Temperatur Umpan Distilat Bottom

Cek distribusi dengan Fenske

LK= di/bi= 99.0000

LK --> log 99.0000 = -1.9956 + C log 2.5641

komponen i fi kmol/j di/bi bi kmol/j di kmol/j xi d

Selanjutnya dengan cara trial dan error dicari q (konstanta underwood)

Menentukan jumlah plate

Panas kondensor (Qc)

Panas keluar Bottom (QB) T= 384.7544

Panas masuk = panas keluar

b. Neraca Panas di Menara Distilasi 01

Tabel 2.8 Neraca Panas di Menara Distilasi 01

Neraca Panas Menara Distilasi-02

Dew Point T= 402.5854 K P=

Dew Point T= 338.2890 K P=

Temperatur Umpan Distilat Bottom

Menentukan komponen kunci atas (LK) dan bawah (HK)

umpan dalam keadaan bubble point q = 1

Selanjutnya dengan cara trial dan error dicari q (konstanta underwood)

C2H4O2 0.0005 34.6190 0.0186 32.7800 0.0006

Panas distilat (Qd)

Panas kondensor (Qc)

Panas keluar Bottom (QB) T= 424.7805

Panas masuk = panas keluar

c. Neraca Panas di Menara Distilasi 02

Tabel 2.9 Neraca Panas di Menara Distilasi 02

Neraca Panas Stripper

Umpan masuk : T= 326.8667

Menghitung panas penguapan

Tabel 2.9 Neraca Masa di Striper

komponen TC (K) TBP HV (J/mol) DHF (Kj/mol) DGF (Kj/mol) TBP

ln Pi = A -B/(C+T), mmHg VICOSITAS CAIRAN

# Menghitung Tebal dinding Reaktor:

# Menghitung ukuran Head :

# Menghitung tinggi head