DAFTAR ISI

Halaman
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................ i
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................... iii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................... v

BAB I SEJARAH DAN PEMBENTUKAN BATUBARA 1

I.1 Sejarah Batubara di Indonesia ............................ 1
I.2 Pengertian Batubara ............................................ 4
I.3 Pembentukan Batubara ....................................... 7
I.4 Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi .................. 10
I.5 Tempat Pembentukan Batubara .......................... 12
I.6 Materi Pembentuk Batubara ............................... 13
I.7 Kualitas dan Klasifikasi batubara ....................... 14
I.8 Formasi Di Indonesia Yang Berpotensi
Terdapat Batubara ............................................... 17
I.8.1 Cekungan Sumatra Utara dan penerusannya
Cekungan Aceh Utara ................................. 20
I.8.2 Cekungan-Cekungan di Pulau Jawa ........... 27
I.8.3 Cekungan-Cekungan di Pulau Kalimantan . 32

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BAB II SISTEM PENAMBANGAN BATUBARA ......... 44
II.1 Sistem Penambangan Batubara ....................... 44
II.2 Sistem Tambang Terbuka ................................ 45
II.3 Sistem Tambang Bawah Tanah ....................... 52

BAB III PENGOLAHAN BATUBARA ........................... 62

III.1 Preparasi Batubara ........................................ 62
III.1.1 Pengurangan Ukuran ......................... 62
III.1.2 Pembagian Sample dan Pengurangan
Jumlah .............................................. 66
III.1.3 Pengurangan Ukuran Milling ............ 68
III.2 Pencucian Batubara ....................................... 72

BAB IV ANALISIS BATUBARA ..................................... 77

IV.1 Analisis Proksimat Batubara ......................... 77
IV.1.1 Zat Terbang ....................................... 78
IV.1.2 Kandungan Air ................................... 79
IV.1.3 Kandungan Abu ................................. 80
IV.1.4 Kandungan Fixed Carbon .................. 81
IV.2 Analisis Ultimat Batubara ........................... 82

BAB V PEMANFAATAN BATUBARA .......................... 84

V.1 Secara Langsung ............................................. 84
V.1.1 Kokas..................................................... 84

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 V.1.2 Briket ..................................................... 86
V.2 Secara Tidak Langsung ................................... 87
V.2.1 Gasifikasi............................................... 87
V.2.1 Likuifikasi ............................................. 95

BAB VI BATUBARA SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI

NASIONAL......................................................................... 100
VI.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................... 14

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Halaman
Gambar 2.1 ........................................................................... 15
Gambar 2.2 ........................................................................... 16
Gambar 2.3 ........................................................................... 18
Gambar 2.4 ........................................................................... 19
Gambar 2.5 ........................................................................... 20

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