Contoh Soal:

1. Peta Kendali X-bar dan Range (R)

PT XYZ adalah suatu perusahaan pembuatan suatu produk industri. Ditetapkan spesifikasi
adalah : 2,40 ± 0,05 mm. Untuk mengetahui kemampuan proses dan mengendalikan proses itu
bagian pengendalian PT XYZ telah melakukan pengukuran terhadap 20 sampel. Masing-masing
berukuran 5 unit (n = 5 )

Hasil Pengukuran
Sampel
X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
1 2.38 2.45 2.40 2.35 2.42
2 2.39 2.40 2.43 2.34 2.40
3 2.40 2.37 2.36 2.36 2.35
4 2.39 2.35 2.37 2.39 2.38
5 2.38 2.42 2.39 2.35 2.41
6 2.41 2.38 2.37 2.42 2.42
7 2.36 2.38 2.35 2.38 2.37
8 2.39 2.39 2.36 2.41 2.36
9 2.35 2.38 2.37 2.37 2.39
10 2.43 2.39 2.36 2.42 2.37
11 2.39 2.36 2.42 2.39 2.36
12 2.38 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.39
13 2.42 2.37 2.40 2.43 2.41
14 2.36 2.38 2.38 2.36 2.36
15 2.45 2.43 2.41 2.45 2.45
16 2.36 2.42 2.42 2.43 2.37
17 2.38 2.43 2.37 2.39 2.38
18 2.40 2.35 2.39 2.35 2.35
19 2.39 2.45 2.44 2.38 2.37
20 2.35 2.41 2.45 2.47 2.35
Perhitungan :

Perhitungan
Sampel
Rata-rata Range
1 2.40 0.10
2 2.39 0.09
3 2.37 0.05
4 2.38 0.04
5 2.39 0.07
6 2.40 0.05
7 2.37 0.03
8 2.38 0.05
9 2.37 0.04
10 2.39 0.07
11 2.38 0.06
12 2.36 0.04
13 2.41 0.06
14 2.37 0.02
15 2.44 0.04
16 2.40 0.07
17 2.39 0.06
18 2.37 0.05
19 2.41 0.08
20 2.41 0.12
Jumlah 47.78 1.19
Rata-rata 2.39 0.06

Untuk n =5:

A2 = 0,577

D4 = 2,114

D3 = 0

( X) 47,78
X= = = 2,39
k 20

( R) 1,19
R= = = 0,06
k 20
Peta kendali X :

CL = X = 2,39

UCL = X + (A2 x R) = 2,39 + (0,577 x 0,06) = 2,42

LCL = X – (A2 x R) = 2,39 – (0,577 x 0,06) = 2,36

Peta kendali R :

CL = R = 0,06

UCL = D4 x R = 2,114 x 0,06 = 0,12

LCL = D3 x R = 0 x 0,06 = 0

RATA-RATA
2.46
2.44
2.42
Rata-rata
2.4 UCL
2.38 CL
2.36 LCL
2.34
2.32
2.3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
 RANGE
0.14

0.12

0.1 Range

0.08 UCL
CL
0.06
LCL
0.04

0.02

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Dari hasil Plotting diketahui bahwa ada data yang out of control yaitu data sampel 15, maka data
pada sampel tersebut dihilangkan dan dilakukan revisi dengan menghitung ulang CL, UCL dan
LCL tanpa menggunakan data-data yang out of control.

Berikut perhitungan X bar dan Range setelah data dengan nilai X bar yang out of control
dihilangkan:

Perhitungan
Sampel
Rata-rata Range
1 2.40 0.10
2 2.39 0.09
3 2.37 0.05
4 2.38 0.04
5 2.39 0.07
6 2.40 0.05
7 2.37 0.03
8 2.38 0.05
9 2.37 0.04
10 2.39 0.07
11 2.38 0.06
12 2.36 0.04
13 2.41 0.06
 14 2.37 0.02
16 2.40 0.07
17 2.39 0.06
18 2.37 0.05
19 2.41 0.08
20 2.41 0.12
Jumlah 45.34 1.15
Rata-rata 2.386 0.0605

( X) 45,34
X= = = 2,386
k 19

( R) 1,15
R= = = 0, 0605
k 19

Peta kendali X :

CL = X = 2,386

UCL = X + (A2 x R) = 2,386 + (0,577 x 0,0605) = 2,4209

LCL = X - (A2 x R) = 2,386 - (0,577 x 0,0605) = 2,3511

Peta kendali R :

CL = R = 0,0605

UCL = D4 x R = 2,114 x 0,0605 = 0,1280

LCL = D3 x R = 0 x 0,06 = 0
 RATA-RATA
2.44

2.42

2.4
Rata-rata
2.38
CL
2.36 UCL
LCL
2.34

2.32

2.3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 19 20

RANGE
0.14

0.12

0.1
Range
0.08 CL
UCL
0.06
LCL
0.04

0.02

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 19 20

2. Peta Kendali X-bar dan Standar Deviasi (S)

Misalnya, Perusahaan ASA melakukan monitoring terhadap produk yang dihasilkan oleh bagian
produksi selama 25 hari. Setiap hari diambil 5 (harusnya n > 10, namun untuk kepentingan
kemudahan pembahasan dimisalkan n = 5) produk untuk diukur panjangnya. Selengkapnya
tersaji dalam tabel berikut:
 Jumlah Observasi Hasil Pengukuran x S

1 20, 22, 21, 23, 22 21,60 1,14

2 19, 18, 22, 20, 20 19,80 1,48

3 25, 18, 20, 17, 22 20,40 3,21

4 20, 21, 22, 21, 21 21,00 0,71

5 19, 24, 23, 22, 20 21,00 2,07

6 22, 20, 18, 18, 19 19,40 1,67

7 18, 20, 19, 18, 20 19,00 1,00

8 20, 18, 23, 20, 21 20,40 1,82

9 21, 20, 24, 23, 22 22,00 1,58

10 21, 19, 20, 20, 20 20,00 0,71

11 20, 20, 23, 22, 20 21,00 1,41

12 22, 21, 20, 22, 23 21,60 1,14

13 19, 22, 19, 18, 19 19,40 1,52

14 20, 21, 22, 21, 22 21,20 0,84

15 20, 24, 24, 21, 23 22,80 1,64

16 21, 20, 24, 20, 21 21,20 1,64

17 20, 18, 18, 20, 20 19,20 1,10

18 20, 24, 23, 23, 23 22,40 1,52

19 20, 19, 23, 20, 19 20,20 1,64

 20 22, 21, 21, 24, 22 22,00 1,22

21 23, 22, 22, 20, 22 21,80 1,10

22 21, 18, 18, 17, 19 18,60 1.52

23 21, 24, 24, 23, 23 23,00 1,22

24 20, 22, 21, 21, 20 20,80 0,84

25 19, 20, 21, 21, 22 20,60 1,14

Untuk n = 5:

A3 = 1,427

B4 = 2,089

B3 = 0

Peta Kendali X bar

𝑋𝑖 520,4
X bar = ∑25
𝑖=1 = = 20,186
𝑘 25

CL = X bar = 20,186

UCL X bar = X bar + (A3. S bar) = 20,186 + (1,427) (1,395) = 22,807

LCL X bar = X bar - (A3. S bar) = 20,186 + (1,427) (1,395) = 18,825

Jumlah UCL X
x S S bar X bar LCL X bar
Observasi bar
1 21.6 1.14 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
2 19.8 1.48 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
3 20.4 3.21 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
4 21 0.71 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
5 21 2.07 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
 6 19.4 1.67 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
7 19 1 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
8 20.4 1.82 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
9 22 1.58 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
10 20 0.71 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
11 21 1.41 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
12 21.6 1.14 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
13 19.4 1.52 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
14 21.2 0.84 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
15 22.8 1.64 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
16 21.2 1.64 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
17 19.2 1.1 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
18 22.4 1.52 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
19 20.2 1.64 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
20 22 1.22 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
21 21.8 1.1 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
22 18.6 1.52 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
23 23 1.22 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
24 20.8 0.84 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825
25 20.6 1.14 1.395 20.816 22.807 18.825

Terdapat data yang out of control, yaitu data ke-22 dan data ke-23

Peta Kendali X bar

25

20

x
15
X bar
UCL X bar
10 LCL X bar

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Peta Kendali S bar
𝑆𝑖 34,88
S bar = ∑25
𝑖=1 𝑘 = = 1,395
25

CL S bar = S bar = 1,395

UCL S bar = B4 . S bar = 2,089(1,395) = 2,915

LCL = B3 . S bar = 0 (1,395) = 0

Jumlah Observasi S S bar UCL S bar LCL S bar

1 1.14 1.395 2.915 0
2 1.48 1.395 2.915 0
3 3.21 1.395 2.915 0
4 0.71 1.395 2.915 0
5 2.07 1.395 2.915 0
6 1.67 1.395 2.915 0
7 1 1.395 2.915 0
8 1.82 1.395 2.915 0
9 1.58 1.395 2.915 0
10 0.71 1.395 2.915 0
11 1.41 1.395 2.915 0
12 1.14 1.395 2.915 0
13 1.52 1.395 2.915 0
14 0.84 1.395 2.915 0
15 1.64 1.395 2.915 0
16 1.64 1.395 2.915 0
17 1.1 1.395 2.915 0
18 1.52 1.395 2.915 0
19 1.64 1.395 2.915 0
20 1.22 1.395 2.915 0
21 1.1 1.395 2.915 0
22 1.52 1.395 2.915 0
23 1.22 1.395 2.915 0
24 0.84 1.395 2.915 0
25 1.14 1.395 2.915 0

Terdapat data yang out of control, yaitu data ke-3

 Peta Kendali S bar
3.5

2.5
S
2 S bar
UCL S bar
1.5
LCL S bar
1

0.5

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Revisi X bar dan S bar

Jumlah UCL LCL X UCL S LCL S

x S S bar X bar
Observasi X bar bar bar bar
1 21.6 1.14 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
2 19.8 1.48 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
4 21 0.71 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
5 21 2.07 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
6 19.4 1.67 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
7 19 1 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
8 20.4 1.82 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
9 22 1.58 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
10 20 0.71 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
11 21 1.41 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
12 21.6 1.14 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
13 19.4 1.52 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
14 21.2 0.84 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
15 22.8 1.64 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
16 21.2 1.64 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
17 19.2 1.1 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
18 22.4 1.52 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
19 20.2 1.64 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
20 22 1.22 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
21 21.8 1.1 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
24 20.8 0.84 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
25 20.6 1.14 1.315 20.836 22.713 18.960 2.747 0
Peta Kendali X bar

CL = X bar = 20,836

UCL X bar = X bar + (A3. S bar) = 20,836 + (1,427) (1,315) = 22,713

LCL X bar = X bar - (A3. S bar) = 20,836 - (1,427) (1,315) = 18,960

Terdapat data yang out of control, yaitu data ke-15

Peta Kendali X bar

25

20
x

15 X bar
UCL X bar
10
LCL X bar

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Peta Kendali S bar

CL = S bar = 1,315

UCL S bar = B4 . S bar = 2,089(1,315) = 2,747

LCL = B3 . S bar = 0 (1,315) = 0

Tidak ada data yang out of control

Peta Kendali S bar

3

2.5
S
2
S bar
1.5
UCL S bar
1 LCL S bar
0.5

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Revisi X bar dan S bar

Jumlah UCL X LCL X UCL S

x S S bar X bar LCL S bar
Observasi bar bar bar
1 21.6 1.14 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
2 19.8 1.48 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
4 21 0.71 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
5 21 2.07 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
6 19.4 1.67 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
7 19 1 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
8 20.4 1.82 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
9 22 1.58 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
10 20 0.71 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
11 21 1.41 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
12 21.6 1.14 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
13 19.4 1.52 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
14 21.2 0.84 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
16 21.2 1.64 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
17 19.2 1.1 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
18 22.4 1.52 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
19 20.2 1.64 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
20 22 1.22 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
21 21.8 1.1 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
24 20.8 0.84 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
25 20.6 1.14 1.300 20.743 22.597 18.888 2.715 0
Peta Kendali X bar

CL = X bar = 20,743

UCL X bar = X bar + (A3. S bar) = 20,743 + (1,427) (1,300) = 22,597

LCL X bar = X bar - (A3. S bar) = 20,743 - (1,427) (1,300) = 18,888

Tidak terdapat data yang out of control

Peta Kendali X bar

23
22 x
21 X bar
20
UCL X bar
19
18 LCL X bar

17
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Peta Kendali S bar

CL = S bar = 1,300

UCL S bar = B4 . S bar = 2,089(1,300) = 2,715

LCL = B3 . S bar = 0 (1,300) = 0

Tidak ada data yang out of control

Peta Kendali S bar

3

2.5

S
2
S bar
1.5 UCL S bar

1 LCL S bar

0.5

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

3. Peta Kendali Individual Moving Range

Pengendalian viskositas cat, dengan data sampling sebagai berikut

Batch Viskositas Moving Range

1 33.75
2 33.05 0.7
3 34 0.95
4 33.81 0.19
5 33.46 0.35
6 34.02 0.56
7 33.68 0.34
8 33.27 0.41
9 33.49 0.22
10 33.2 0.29
11 33.62 0.42
12 33 0.62
13 33.54 0.54
 14 33.12 0.42
15 33.84 0.72
Total 502.85 6.73
Rata-rata 33.52 0.48

Penyelesaian:

Untuk n = 2 :

D3 = 0

D4 = 3.267

d2 = 1.128
𝑋𝑖 502.85
𝑋̅ = ∑15
𝑖=1 𝑘 = 15 = 33.52

𝑀𝑅𝑖 6.73
̅̅̅̅̅ = ∑14
𝑀𝑅 𝑖=1 𝑘−1 = 14 = 0.48

̅
Peta Kendali 𝑿

CL = 𝑋̅ = 33.52
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑅 0.48
UCL = 𝑋̅ + 3 = 33.52 + 3 1.128 = 34.80
d2

̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑅 0.48
LCL = 𝑋̅ - 3 d2 = 33.52 - 3 1.128 = 32.24

Peta Kendali ̅̅̅̅̅

𝑴𝑹

CL = ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑅 = 0.48

̅̅̅̅̅ = (3.267) (0.48) = 1.52

UCL = D4 𝑀𝑅

LCL = D3 ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑅 = (0) (0.48) = 0