Soalan Objektif
(8 Soalan)
1
5 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan gambar rajah isi padu gas oksigen melawan masa bagi tindak balas
antara zink dan asid sulfurik. Graf X diperoleh apabila butiran zink berlebihan ditindakbalaskan
dengan 25cm3 asid sulfurik 1 moldm-3.
The diagram below shows the graph of the volume of oxygen gas against time for the reaction
between zinc and sulphuric acid. Curve X is obtained when excess granulated zinc is reacted with
25cm3 of 1 moldm-3 sulphuric acid.
Rajah 1
Diagram 1
6 Rajah 2 menunjukkan graf isipadu gas yang terhasil melawan masa untuk tindak balas antara
kalsium karbonat dan asid hidroklorik.
Diagram 2 shows the graph of the volume of gas produced against time for the reaction between
calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.
Masa (s)
Time (s)
Rajah 2
Diagram 2
2
6 Kecerunan lengkung berkurang dengan masa kerana
The gradient of the curve decreases with time because
A asid hidroklorik adalah sejenis asid monobes
hydrochloric acid is a type of monoprotic acid
B suhu tindak balas berkurang
temperature of reaction decreases
C isipadu campuran berkurang
volume of mixture decreases
D kepekatan asid hidroklorik berkurang
concentration of hydrochloric acid decreases
8 Masa yang diambil untuk 2 g serbuk magnesium bertindak balas lengkap dengan asid hidroklorik
berlebihan ialah 5 minit.
Berapakah kadar purata bagi tindak balas ini?
The time taken for 2 g of magnesium powder to react completely with excess hydrochloric acid is 5
minutes. What is the average rate of the reaction?
A 0.4 g s-1
B 0.4 g min-1
C 2.5 g s-1
D 2.5 g min-1
JAWAPAN
1 5
2 6
3 7
4 8
3
BAHAGIAN B
Soalan Subjektif
(3 Soalan)
1. Dua pasukan Perekacipta Muda mengambil bahagian dalam Pertandingan Saintis Muda semasa
Minggu Sains di sekolah mereka. Mereka menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kadar tindak
balas antara serbuk kulit kerang dengan asid hidroklorik. Kulit kerang mengandungi peratusan
kalsium karbonat yang tinggi. Dalam pertandingan ini, kedua-dua pasukan ini cuba mengubahsuai
eksperimen ini berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang bersesuaian yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.
Pasukan mana yang terlebih dahulu dapat mengumpul isi padu maksimum dikira pemenang
Two Young Inventor Teams took part in the Young Scientist Competition during Science Week at their
school. They carried out an experiment to investigate the rate of reaction between cockle shell powder
and 40 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. The cockle shell contains a high percentage of calcium
carbonate. In this competition, both teams try to modify their experiment based on suitable factors that
affect rate of reaction. The team that collected the maximum volume first was the winner.
Jadual 1.1 dan 1.2 menunjukkan keputusan ekperimen pada isi padu gas karbon dioksida yang
dikumpulkan pada setiap 30 saat oleh kedua-dua pasukan.
Table 1.1 and 1.2 shows the results for the volume of carbon dioxide gas collected at every 30 second
by both team.
Pasukan I / Team I
Masa / s
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Time / s
Jumlah isi padu
gas karbon
dioksida yang
dikumpul (cm3) 0.00 7.00 13.50 19.50 24.50 30.00 34.50 39.00 42.00 42.00
Total volume of
carbon dioxide
gas collected
Jadual 1.1 / Table 1.1
Pasukan II / Team II
Masa / s
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Time / s
Jumlah isi padu
gas karbon
dioksida yang
dikumpul (cm3) 0.00 11.00 19.50 27.00 33.50 38.50 42.00 42.00 42.00 42.00
Total volume of
carbon dioxide
gas collected
Jadual 1.2 / Table 1.2
4
Berdasarkan keputusan dalam Jadual 1.1 dan 1.2,
Based on result in Table 1.1 and 1.2,
(a) Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di antara kalsium karbonat dan asid hidroklorik.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid .
.............................................................................................................................................................
[2 markah]
(b) Lukiskan graf jumlah isi padu gas karbon dioksida yang dikumpul melawan masa bagi Pasukan I
dan Pasukan II pada paksi yang sama.
Draw a graph of total volume of carbon dioxide gas collected against time for Team I and Team II
on the same axes.
[3 markah]
(c) Dengan menggunakan graf yang telah diplotkan di (b), tentukan kadar tindak balas pada saat ke-
60 bagi Pasukan I dan Pasukan II.
By using the graph you have drawn in (a)(ii), determine the rate of reaction at 60 seconds for
Team I and Team II.
[4 markah]
(d) Bandingkan kadar tindak balas Set I dan Set II. Jelaskan jawapan anda berdasarkan Teori
Pelanggaran.
Other than size of reactant, what other possible method was used by the winning team to increase
the rate of reaction? Explain your answer based on the Collision Theory.
….........................................................................................................................................................
….........................................................................................................................................................
….........................................................................................................................................................
….........................................................................................................................................................
[5 markah]
5
2. serpihan
porselin /
Hidrokarbon A Porcelain
Butan-1-ol Asid butanoik/
Hydrocarbon A chips
C4H9OH butanoic acid
Kalium C3H7COOH
dikromat(VI)
berasid
/ Acidified
+ H2 potassium
dichromate(VI)
Hidrokarbon B /
Hydrocarbon B
Rajah 3
Diagram 3
Hidrokarbon A ………………………………………………………………
Hidrokarbon B ………………………………………………………………..
[2 markah]
[1 markah]
[2 markah]
6
(c) (i) Nyatakan fungsi kalium dikromat(VI) berasid.
State the function of acidified potassium dichromate(VI)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
3. Rajah 4 menunjukkan pembentukan zink nitrat dan perubahnnya kepada sebatian lain.
Diagram 4 shows the formation of zinc nitrate and the changes to other compounds.
+ Bahan X Panaskan
+ Substance X Heat
Zink oksida Zink nitrat Gas Perang
Zinc oxide Zinc nitrate Brown Gas
Rajah 4
Diagram 4
(a) (i) Zink oksida bertindakbalas dengan bahan X untuk mebentuk zink nitrat. Namakan sebatian
X.
Zink oxide reacts with substance X to form zinc nitrate. State the name of substance X.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 markah]
7
(c) Namakan gas perang yang terbentuk.
State the name of the brown gas formed.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
(d) Apabila larutan kalium karbonat ditambah kepada larutan zink nitrat, mendakan Z dan kalium nitrat
terbentuk.
When potassium carbonate solution is added to zinc nitrate solution, precipitate Z and potassium
nitrate formed.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
(e) Larutan zink nitrat berlebihan ditambah kepada 100cm3 larutan kalium karbonat 1 moldm-3.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia terlibat dan hitungkan jisim zink karbonat yang terbentuk.
[Jisim atom relatif : Zn = 65, C=12, O=16]
[5 markah]