40%

40%
dari F1

7,8% dari
jml pat

4796.58

Arus F1
4765.1732755551
Pati= 4393.4897600618 Kg/jam

H2O= 371.6835154933 Kg/jam

F1 F2
Tapioka 4766.0149538605 H20
H2O 402.7282636012
Total 5168.7432174617
F total input
11913.953116249
a) Neraca Energi HE

Konstanta kapasitas panas bahan (kJ/kmol K)

Komponen
H2O

KOMPONEN
air
 T=
T ref =

KOMPONEN
air

2) Pemanas yang dibutuhkan

Pemanas yang dibutuhkan
Q pemanas = Q output - Q input
253336.617352567

Media pemanas yang dibutuhkan yaitu steam dengan temperatur mas

Diketahui data steam suhu 115 C =
Tekanan =
Hvap =
Hliq =
Δs =

Maka kebutuhan steam yaitu :

ms =

Sehingga, Q steam masuk

308491.800942773
Sehingga, Q steam Keluar
55155.1835902057

b) Neraca massa tangki gelatinasi

 Konstanta kapasitas panas bahan (kj/kmol K)
Pati (C6H10O5)1000
komponen n
C - (H,2C,O) 4000
O - (H,C) 3000
CO-(H,C) 1000
CO-(H,O) 1000
O-(2C) 1000
C-(2H,C,O) 1000
TOTAL 11000

Komponen A
H2O 8.712

A) Neraca panas Masuk (Q In)

 Dengan
T= 83
T ref = 25

Komponen
Massa (kg/jam)

Pati 4766.0149538605
Air 7147.9381623888
Total

Q = n x ΔH total

B) Neraca panas keluar (Q out)

Dengan
T 110
T ref 25
 Komponen
Massa (kg/jam)

Pati 4766.0149538605
Air 7147.9381623888
Total

Q = n x ΔH total

C) Pemanas yang dibutuhkan

Q Pemanas = Qin - Qout

Media pemanas yang digunakan yaitu steam dengan temperature masuk dan keluaran sama yait
Sehingga jumlah massa steam yang diperlukan untuk mencapai Q pemanasan adalah :
Diketahui data steam suhu 115 C :
Tekanan = 169.04
Hvap = 2698.7
Hliq = 482.5
ΔS = 2216.2

Maka kebutuhan steam yaitu :

ms = Q pemanas / Δs
27.608934278 kg/jam

Sehingga ,Q steam masuk = ms x Hvap

74508.2309360059 Kj/jam
 Sehingga, Q steam keluar = ms x Hliquid
13321.3107891291 kj/jam

c) Heat Exchanger 02

Tabel konstanta kapasitas panas bahan (kJ/kmol K)

Pati (C6H10O5)1000
Komponen n
C-(H,2C,O) 4000
O-(H,C) 3000
CO-(H,C) 1000
CO-(H,O) 1000
O-(2C) 1000
C-(2H,C,O) 1000
Total 11000

Komponen A
H2O (l) 8.172

A) Panas Masuk
Dengan T dan T ref adalah 100 C dan 25 C ,sehingga diperoleh :
Tabel B.7 Panas masuk HE - 02

T 100
T ref 25

Komponen Massa (kg/jam)

Pati 4766.0149538605
Air 7147.9381623888
total

Q = n x ΔH total 411898.867099612
B) Panas Keluar
 T 75
T ref 25

Komponen Massa (kg/jam)

Pati 4766.0149538605
Air 7147.9381623888

Q = n x ΔH total 271160.371698507

Q total = Qin- Qout

140738.495401105

Media pendingin yang digunakan yaitu air dengan temperatur masuk 30 oC dan temperatur
keluaran 40oC. Sehingga jumlah masssa air pendingin yang diperlukan
untuk mencapai Q pendinginan adalah:
Cp air pada 30oC = 4.181
Cp air pada 40oC = 4.181
ΔH 30oC = 20.905
ΔH 40 C =
o
62.715
ΔH 83.62

Maka kebutuhan air pendingin

Fcw = 1683.0722

Sehingga, Q air pendingin =

=
Q air pendingin keluar =
=

Q masuk (Kj/jam)
Q 411898.867099612
Q cw in 35184.6239
447083.490949888

d) Neraca Energi Reaktor Likuifikasi (R-01)

Tabel Konstanta Kapasitas Panas Bahan (kJ/Kmol K)
Komponen A B
H2O(l) 8.712 0.00125
CaCl2 8.646 0.00153
NaOH 0.121 0.016316

Pati (C6H10O5)1000
Komponen n a
C-(H,2C,O) 4000 2.2209
O-(H,C) 3000 12.952
CO-(H,C) 1000 -3.8268
CO-(H,O) 1000 13.118
O-(2C) 1000 5.0312
C-(2H,C,O) 1000 1.4596
Total 11000

Dekstrin (C6H10O5)10
Komponen n a
C-(H,2C,O) 40 2.2209
O-(H,C) 30 12.952
CO-(H,C) 10 -3.8268
CO-(H,O) 10 13.118
O-(2C) 10 5.0312
C-(2H,C,O) 10 1.4596
Total 110

Dekstrosa (C6H12O6)
Komponen n a
C-(H,2C,O) 4 2.2209
O-(H,C) 3 12.952
CO-(H,C) 1 -3.8268
CO-(H,O) 1 13.118
 O-(2C) 1 5.0312
C-(2H,C,O) 1 1.4596
Total 11

Maltosa (C12H22O11)
Komponen n a
C-(H,2C,O) 8 2.2209
O-(H,C) 7 12.952
CO-(H,C) 2 -3.8268
CO-(H,O) 1 13.118
O-(2C) 2 5.0312
C-(2H,C,O) 2 1.4596
CO-(C,O) 1 29.946
Total 23

A. Panas Masuk (Qin)

 T 75 C
T ref 25 C

Komponen Massa (kg/batch) Kmol/batch

Pati (F3) 4765.5812 0.0294171682

Air (F3) 7148.3719 397.1317705416
α-amilase (F5) 9.5320 0.0001798497
CaCl2 (F4) 0.9186 0.0082755425
NaOH (F6) 0.0036 8.988970614655E-05
Total 397.1697329918

B. Panas Reaksi
Reaksi Pembentukan Dekstrin

(C6H10O5)1000 + 220H2O → 70(C6H10O5)10 + 80(C12H22O11) + 140(C6H12O6)

Diketahui ΔHf 25°C masing-masing bahan adalah:

ΔHf Pati = -886,818.23 kJ/kmol
Δhfair = -285.8 kJ/kmol
ΔHf dekstrin = -9,064.43 kJ/kmol
ΔHf dekstrosa = -1,093.52 kJ/kmol
ΔHf maltosa = -1,971.47 kJ/kmol

ΔHr25oC = nHfproduk − nHfreaktan

Dimana:
nHfproduk = -12,129.42 kJ/kmol
nHfreaktan = -887,104.03 kJ/kmol
ΔHr25 C =
o
874,974.61 kJ/kmol

Qreaksi = ΔHr25oC + (nHfproduk − nHfreaktan)75oC�

Dimana :
nHfproduk = 1.182,53 + 236,51 + 282,26
= 1701.3 kJ/kmol
 nHfreaktan = 422,33 + 447,05
= 869.38 kJ/kmol

Qreaksi = 875806.5 kJ/kmol

C. Panas Keluar (Qout)

Panas Keluar R-01

Komponen Massa (kg/batch) Kmol/batch

Pati 953.1162492999 0.0058834336
Air 7055.1782809291 391.9543489405
Dekstrin 2668.7254980399 1.6473614185
Dekstrosa 593.0501106755 3.2947228371
Maltosa 643.8829773049 1.882698764
α-amilase 9.5320299077
CaCl2 0.9185852175 0.0082755425
NaOH 0.0035955882 8.988970614655E-05
Total
 60%

Arus F2 (60%)=
H2O= 7147.7599133326

F3
6745.2098987876 Pati Gelatinasi
F total output
11913.9531162493
kapasitas panas bahan (kJ/kmol K)
A B C
8.712 0.00125 -0.00000018
T= 30 Celcius
T ref = 25 Celcius

massa kg/jam kmol/jam Panas cpdt (kj/mol)

7147.7599133326 397.0977729629 45.3568529
 100 C 373
25 C 298

massa kg/jam kmol/jam Panas cpdt (kj/mol)

7147.7599133326 397.0977729629 683.3272335

as yang dibutuhkan
yang dibutuhkan
s = Q output - Q input

manas yang dibutuhkan yaitu steam dengan temperatur masuk dan keluaran sama yaitu 115 C shg jumlah steam yang diperlukan untuk q p
data steam suhu 115 C =
169.04 Kpa
2698.7 Kj/kg
482.5 Kj/kg
2216.2 kj/kg

utuhan steam yaitu :

114.3112613269

Q steam masuk
kj/jam
Q steam Keluar

Tabel B.3 Neraca panas di heat exchanger

Q masuk (Kj/batch) Q keluar (kj/batch)

Q 18011.1052751968 Q
Q Steam in 308491.800942773 Q Stean out
 a A (n x a) b
2.2209 8883.6 -1.435
12.952 38856 -10.145
-3.8268 -3826.8 7.6719
13.118 13118 16.12
5.0312 5031.2 -1.5718
1.4596 1459.6 1.4657
63521.6

B C D
0.00125 -0.00000018 -
C 356 K
C 298 K
Panas masuk PT-01
Kmol/jam
Fraksi mol (xi) Panas CpdT

0.0294198454 7.40798221195E-05 4031274.61020267

397.1076756883 0.9999259202 527.88423456
397.1370955337 1

328226.35719233 kj

C 383 K
C 298 K
 Kmol/jam
Fraksi mol (xi) Panas CpdT

0.0294198454 7.40798221195E-05 6111058.48829667

397.1076756883 0.9999259202 527.88423456
397.1370955337 1

389413.277339207 kj

61186.9201468767 kJ

tu steam dengan temperature masuk dan keluaran sama yaitu 115 C

diperlukan untuk mencapai Q pemanasan adalah :

kPa
kJ/kg
kJ/kg
kJ/kg
an (kJ/kmol K)

a A(nxa) b
2.2209 8883.6 -1.435
12.952 38856 -10.145
-3.8268 -3826.8 7.6719
13.118 13118 16.12
5.0312 5031.2 -1.5718
1.4596 1459.6 1.4657
63521.6

B C D
0.00125 -0.00000018 -
n 25 C ,sehingga diperoleh :

C 373 K
C 298 K

Kmol/jam Frak mol (xi) Panas CpdT

0.0294198454 7.40798221195E-05 5323863.41385
397.1076756883 0.9999259202 642.8272335
397.1370955337 1

Kj
 C 348 K
C 298 K

Kmol/jam Fraksi mol (Xi) Panas Cpdt

0.0294198454 7.40798221195E-05 3441866.40173333
397.1076756883 0.9999259202 427.846664
397.1370955337 1

itu air dengan temperatur masuk 30 oC dan temperatur

sssa air pendingin yang diperlukan

kj/kg
kj/kg (App. A.2-5. Geankoplis, C.J. Ed.2th., 1993)
T ref= 298
T= 303
kj/kg T= 313

Fcw x ΔH 30oC
35184.6239
Fcw x ΔH 40 C
o

105553.871550829

Q keluar (kj/jam)
Q 271160.371698507
Q cw out 105553.871550829
376714.243249335
 C D
-0.00000018 -
- -30200
- 194800

A(nxa) b B(nxb)
8883.6 -1.435 -5740
38856 -10.145 -30435
-3826.8 7.6719 7671.9
13118 16.12 16120
5031.2 -1.5718 -1571.8
1459.6 1.4657 1465.7
63521.6 -12489.2

A(n x a) b B(n x b)
88.836 -1.435 -57.4
388.56 -10.145 -304.35
-38.268 7.6719 76.719
131.18 16.12 161.2
50.312 -1.5718 -15.718
14.596 1.4657 14.657
635.216 -124.892

A(n x a) b B(n x b)
8.8836 -1.435 -5.74
38.856 -10.145 -30.435
-3.8268 7.6719 7.6719
13.118 16.12 16.12
 5.0312 -1.5718 -1.5718
1.4596 1.4657 1.4657
63.5216 -12.4892

A(n x a) b B(n x b)
17.7672 -1.435 -11.48
90.664 -10.145 -71.015
-7.6536 7.6719 15.3438
13.118 16.12 16.12
10.0624 -1.5718 -3.1436
2.9192 1.4657 2.9314
29.946 3.4261 3.4261
156.8232 -47.8173
 18.0000135671
52999.9700392486

348
298

Panas CpdT (kj/kmol) Q (kJ/batch) BM NaOH =

3441866.40173333 101249.962821345
454.846664 180634.06099928

-51189214419543 -423618519470.541
330187383080270 29680446838.3843

140(C6H12O6)
Panas CpdT (kj/kmol) Q (kJ/batch)
 100%

(B

Arus F3
Kg/jam Pati tergelatinasi= 11912.9332 Kg/jam

0.0077034059
F3
11913.9531162493 Pati 4765.581
H2O 7148.372
Total 11913.95
 Densitas pati 40% w/w ada
sehingga jml larutan pati te
7134.104
Berat C2+
BM CaCl2=
BM Ca2+ =

Data Reaksi
BM Pati= 162000 mol
BM Air = 18 mol
BM Dekstrin= 1620
BM Maltosa = 342
BM Dekstrosa= 180

Konversi = 80%
Konversi =

Pati Air

Mula-mula 0.029417 397.1318

Bereaksi 0.023534 5.177422
Sisa 0.005883 391.9543
 NERACA PANAS

D
-
303
298

Q Kj/Batch
18011.1052751968
 K
K

Q Kj/Batch
271347.722627764

jumlah steam yang diperlukan untuk q pemanasan :

eluar (kj/batch)
271347.722627764
55155.1835902057
B ( n x b) d D ( n x d)
-5740 0.69508 2780.32
-30435 2.6261 7878.3
7671.9 -1.2711 -1271.1
16120 -5.1273 -5127.3
-1571.8 0.3786 378.6
1465.7 -0.2714 -271.4
-12489.2 4367.42
Panas Cpdt . Xi (Kj/kmol)

298.6361060388
527.8451289898
826.4812350286
Panas Cpdt . Xi (Kj/kmol)

452.7061257751
527.8451289898
980.5512547649
B(nxb) d D (n x d)
-5740 0.69508 2780.32
-30435 2.6261 7878.3
7671.9 -1.2711 -1271.1
16120 -5.1273 -5127.3
-1571.8 0.3786 378.6
1465.7 -0.2714 -271.4
-12489.2 4367.42
Panas CpdT . Xi
394.3908546867
642.7796129729
1037.1704676596
 Panas Cpdt . Xi (Kj/kmol)
254.9728507996
427.8149691952
682.7878199948

plis, C.J. Ed.2th., 1993)

dT = 5
dT = 15
 d D (n x d)
0.69508 2780.32
2.6261 7878.3
-1.2711 -1271.1
-5.1273 -5127.3
0.3786 378.6
-0.2714 -271.4
4367.42

d D(n x d)
0.69508 27.8032
2.6261 78.783
-1.2711 -12.711
-5.1273 -51.273
0.3786 3.786
-0.2714 -2.714
43.6742

d D(n x d)
0.69508 2.78032
2.6261 7.8783
-1.2711 -1.2711
-5.1273 -5.1273
 0.3786 0.3786
-0.2714 -0.2714
4.36742

d D(n x d)
0.69508 5.56064
2.6261 18.3827
-1.2711 -2.5422
-5.1273 -5.1273
0.3786 0.7572
-0.2714 -0.5428
-2.8962 -2.8962
13.59204
40
 (Berat CaCl2 : Berat Ca2+ x BM CaCl2/ BM Ca2+) = (Berat Ca2+ x (111/40))
= 0,918585 kg/ jam

6620,434 liter/jam

F4 F5 F6
CaCl2 0.9185852 α-amilase 9.53203 NaOH= 0.00359559

pH= 4.5
H+ 0.0000316
Densitas pati 40% w/w adalah= 1.67 kg/L Setelah Penambahan air, maka:
sehingga jml larutan pati tergelatinasi: H+ 0.0000126
Volume NaOH= 0.898897 L
0.3310217 Densitas NaOH 0,1M= 0.004 Kg/L
111 maka arus NaOH = 0.003596
40
Viskositas NaoH = 9 Cp
7134.10366 Viskositas Air = 0,4 Cp

F7 Densitas air
Pati 953.116249 Densitas CaCl2
7.704E-05 H2O 7055.17828 Densitas Amilase
α-amilase 9.53202991 Viskositas CaCl2
0.007704 Dekstrin 2668.7255 Viskositas Pati
Maltosa 643.882977 Viskositas Amilase
Dekstrosa 593.050111
NaOH 0.00359559
CaCl2 0.91858522
Total 11924.4073

0.02941717
397.131771

80%

Dekstrin Maltosa Dekstrosa

1.6473614 1.882699 3.29472

1.6473614 1.882699 3.29472
11072.96 11072.9733367

Arus F7 Arus F9
Pati 953.1162 ### Pati 9.53116E-02
H2O 7055.178 402.3866 H2O 6652.7916628
α-amylase 9.53203 α-amylase 9.5320299077
CaCl2 0.918585 CaCl2 0.9185852175
NaOH 0.003596 NaOH 0.0035955882
Dekstrin 2668.725 2668.459 Dekstrin 0.2668725498
Maltosa 643.883 Maltosa 643.8829773
Dekstrosa 593.0501 3430.816 Dekstrosa 4616.916292
Total Input 11932.03 11939.66 Glukoamilase 7.6249299944
Total Output 11932.03
 Arus F8
Glukoamilase
7.62493
Kadar enzim glukoamilase yang ditambahkan sebanyak 0.80%

Densitas air 0.980375 Data Reaksi 0.0058834336

Densitas CaCl2 2.15 gr/cm3 BM Pati= 162000 mol 391.95434894
Densitas Amilase 1.2 kg/l BM Air = 18 mol 1.6473614185
Viskositas CaCl2 12.21 cp (interpolasi) BM Dekstrin= 1620
Viskositas Pati 2106.44 cp (interpolasi) BM Maltosa = 342 Dekstrosa Terb
Viskositas Amilase BM Dekstrosa= 180

Konversi = 99.99%

Reaksi 1

Dekstrin Air Dekstrosa

Mula 1.6473614185 391.9543 16.471966824
Reaksi 1.6471966824 16.47197 16.471966824
Sisa 0.0001647361 375.4824

Reaksi 2

Dekstrosa
Pati Air
Mula 0.0058834336 375.4824 5.8828452943
Reaksi 0.0058828453 5.882845 5.8828452943
Sisa 5.88343E-07 369.5995
Arus F10
H2O 6652.792
α-amylase 9.53203
CaCl2 0.918585
NaOH 0.003596
Dekstrin 0.266873
Maltosa 643.883
Dekstrosa 4616.916
Glukoamilase 7.62493
Total Input 11932.03
 *Pati diabaikan karena massanya sangat kecil
*enzim glukoamilase dan α-amylase teradsorb= 17.15696

4023.866
 11056,96

Arus F11 Arus F12

H2O 6652.792 H2O 6652.7917
CaCl2 0.918585 CaCl2 0.9185852
NaOH 0.003596 NaOH 0.0035956
Dekstrin 0.266873 Dekstrin 0.2668725
Maltosa 643.883 Maltosa 643.88298
Dekstrosa 4616.916 Dekstrosa 4616.9163
Total Output 11914.78 Total Input 11914.78

Data Reaksi:
�� ��2+ 40
�� ����2 111
�� ��2+ 23
�� ���� 40

�� ��− 71
�� ����2 111

�� ��− 17
�� ���� 40

Ion teradsorb pada CE-201:

Ca2+ = 0.3310217

Na+ = 0.0020675

Cl- = 0.5875635

Na+ = 0.0015281

Arus F14
H2O 6439.4263
CaCL2 0.9912156
NaoH 0.003595
Dekstrin 2.7805
Maltosa 669.9141
Dekstrosa 4800.8122
Total Input ###
Arus F13
H2O 6652.792
Dekstrin 0.266873
Maltosa 643.883
Dekstrosa 4616.916
Total Output 11913.86
Arus F15
H20 6439.426304
Dekstrin= 2.7805
Maltosa= 669.9141
Dekstrosa= 4800.8122
Total Glukosa= 5473.5069
Total Output = 11912.9332
 5247,92

Arus F15
H2O 5654.873

Arus F14 Arus F16

H2O 6652.7916627997 H2O 997.9187
Dekstrin 0.2668725498 Dekstrin 0.266873
Maltosa 643.8829773049 Maltosa 643.883
Dekstrosa 4616.91629197 Dekstrosa 4616.916
Total Input 11913.857804624 Total Output 6258.985
F15+F16= 11913.86
Arus F17
Jumlah Bahan Keluar Evaporato5808,11 kg/jam= 46000 ton/tahun
untuk kapasitas 51000 ton/tah 6439.4263 kg/jam dengan glukosa = 5473.512
H2O = 965.9139
Dekstrin= 2.7805
Maltosa= 669.9141
Dekstrosa= 4800.8122
Total Glukosa= 5473.5069
Total Produk= 6439.4208

Arus F16
H2O = 85% dari F15
5473.5124
Total Output= F16+F17
11912.9332
 TABEL NERACA MASSA

1) GELATINATION TANK

INPUT
KOMPONEN F1 F2
Kg/jam Kg/jam
Pati Gandum 4766.0149538605
H2O 402.7282636012 6745.209898788
Pati Gelatinasi
Total 11913.9531162493

2) LIQUIFACTION REACTOR

INPUT
KOMPONEN F3 F4
Kg/jam Kg/jam
Pati 4765.5812464997
H2O 7148.3718697496
CaCl2 0.9185852175
α-Amilase
NaoH
Dekstrin
Maltosa
Dekstrosa
Total 11924.4073269628

3) SACCHARIFICATION REACTOR

INPUT
KOMPONEN F7 F8
Kg/jam Kg/jam
Pati 953.1162492999
H2O 7055.1782809291
CaCl2 0.9185852175
α-Amilase 9.5320299077
NaoH 0.0035955882
Dekstrin 2668.7254980399
 Maltosa 643.8829773049
Dekstrosa 593.0501106755
Gluko-Amilase 7.6249299944
Total 11932.0322569572

4) ROTARY DRUM FILTER

INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN F9 F10
Kg/jam Kg/jam
Pati 0.0953116249 0.0953116249
H2O 6652.7916627997 6652.7916628
CaCl2 0.9185852175 0.9185852175
α-Amilase 9.5320299077
NaoH 0.0035955882 0.0035955882
Dekstrin 0.2668725498 0.2668725498
Maltosa 643.8829773049 643.8829773049
Dekstrosa 4616.91629197 4616.91629197
Gluko-Amilase 7.6249299944
Total 11932.0322569572 11914.87529706

5) ANION & KATION EXCHANGER

INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN F10 F11
Kg/jam Kg/jam
Pati 0.0953116249 0.0953116249
H2O 6652.7916627997 6652.7916628
CaCl2 0.9185852175
NaoH 0.0035955882
Dekstrin 0.2668725498 0.2668725498
Maltosa 643.8829773049 643.8829773049
Dekstrosa 4616.91629197 4616.91629197
Total 11914.875297055 11913.95311625

6) EVAPORATOR

INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN F11 F12
Kg/jam Kg/jam
Pati 0.0953116249
H2O 6652.7916627997 5654.87291338
Dekstrin 0.2668725498
Maltosa 643.8829773049
Dekstrosa 4616.91629197
Total 11913.9531162493 11913.9531162493
Produk Terbentuk 6258.9848912446
 perhari 150215.6373899
perbulan 4506469.121696
pertahun 54077629.46035
54077.62946035
Kebutuhan negeri 302610.2
17.8703921614

SPESIFIKASI REAKTOR

Reaktor Tangki Alir Berpengaduk

Tipe Reaktor :
Kondisi Operasi :
1. Tekanan
2. Suhu
3. Konversi

INPUT
KOMPONEN F3 F4
Kg/jam Kg/jam
Pati 4765.5812464997
H2O 7148.3718697496
CaCl2 0.9185852175
α-Amilase
NaoH
Dekstrin
Maltosa
Dekstrosa
Total 11924.4073269628

Input
KOMPONEN F3
kg/jam Fraksi berat
 Pati 4765.5812464997 0.4
H2O 7148.3718697496 0.6
CaCl2
α-Amilase
NaoH
Dekstrin
Maltosa
Dekstrosa
Total 11913.9531162493 1

Input
KOMPONEN F4
kg/jam Fraksi berat
Pati
H2O
CaCl2 0.9185852175 1
α-Amilase
NaoH
Dekstrin
Maltosa
Dekstrosa
Total 0.9185852175 1

Input
KOMPONEN F5
kg/jam Fraksi berat
Pati
H2O
CaCl2
α-Amilase 9.5320299077 1
NaoH
Dekstrin
Maltosa
Dekstrosa
Total 9.5320299077 1

Input
KOMPONEN F6
kg/jam Fraksi berat
Pati
H2O
CaCl2
α-Amilase
NaoH 0.0035955882 1
Dekstrin
Maltosa
Dekstrosa
Total 0.0035955882 1
 Total Input 11924.4073269628

DENSITAS UMPAN

Input
KOMPONEN
Massa Densitas (Kg/m3)
Pati 4765.5812464997 1500
H2O 7148.3718697496 1000
CaCl2 0.9185852175 1835
α-Amilase 9.5320299077 1200
NaoH 0.0035955882 2130
Dekstrin
Maltosa
Dekstrosa
Total 11924.4073269628

REAKSI

Pati 4765.5812464997 kg/jam

Air 7148.3718697496 kg/jam

KATALIS
Alf-Amilase 9.5320299077 kg/jam
CaCl2 0.9185852175 kg/jam
NaoH 0.0035955882 kg/jam

PATI AIR

Pati Air
Mula-mula 0.0294171682 397.1317705416
Reaksi 0.0235337346 5.1774216011
Sisa 0.0058834336 391.9543489405

HASIL DARI REAKSI ADALAH

Pati Sisa 953.1162492999 Kg/jam
Air Sisa 7055.1782809291 Kg/jam
Dekstrin Terbentuk 2668.7254980399 Kg/jam
Maltosa Terbentuk 643.8829773049 Kg/jam
Dekstrosa Terbentuk 593.0501106755 Kg/jam

MENGHITUNG KONSENTRASI

Konsentrasi Cao = 0.0028466744

Konsentrasi Cbo = 38.430104723
Rasio Mol (M) = 13500
Waktu Tinggal = 1
Xa (Konversi Reaksi) = 0.8

MENGHITUNG KONSTANTA KECEPATAN REAKSI

Kec Reaksi (K) = 0.1040912347

OPTIMASI REAKTOR

V1 10.3338716718
1 RATB XA 0.8
X0 0

V1 3.1934136501
2 RATB V2 3.1934136501
Xo 0
Xa 0.5527808549
Xb 0.8

V1 1.8341632889
V2 1.8341632889
V3 1.8341632889
3 RATB X0 0
Xa 0.4152036393
Xb 0.6580076589
Xc 0.8

V1 1.2796051512
V2 1.2796051512
V3 1.2796051512
V4 1.2796051512
4 RATB
X0 9.65190577E-05
Xa 0.3313124526
 4 RATB

Xb 0.5528113715
Xc 0.7009389556
Xd 0.8

V1 0.9814010034
V2 0.9814010034
V3 0.9814010034
V4 0.9814010034
V5 0.9814010034
5 RATB X0 -0.0005579981
Xa 0.2749013037
Xb 0.4745229554
Xc 0.6191870976
Xd 0.7240245256
Xe 0.8

Kesimpulan

n Xa Xb
1 0.8
2 0.5527808549 0.8
3 0.4152036393 0.6580076589
4 0.3313124526 0.5528113715
5 0.2749013037 0.4745229554

Menghitung Dimensi Tangki + over design 20%

n V shell (m3) V shell (in3)
1 12.4006460062 756733.3016867
2 3.8320963802 233848.6998735
3 2.2009959466 134312.9163494
4 1.5355261814 93703.48903608
5 1.177681204 71866.46449013

Hal 43, Tabel 3.3

 Hal 41

Metode Six-Tenth Factor

0.6
 SizeA 
CostA  CostB  
 SizeB 
Kondisi Operasi
Tekanan operasi : 1
Dipilih Bahan Carbon Steel SA 283,
Di dapat = Basis Harga pada volume 1000 gallon = $ 11000

Vshell (ft3) Vshell (Gallon) Jumlah Reaktor

437.9250935141 3275.9074205339 1
135.3293340361 1012.333789844 2
77.7275115571 581.4422047528 3
54.2266464384 405.6435132153 4
41.5894584158 311.1107754687 5

Perancangan Alat (3 RATB)

V shell 756733.301686687 in3
D shell 98.7850905695 in
H shell 98.7850905695 in
2.5091413005 m

Menentukan Tebal Dinding (Shell)

ts Tebal dinding shell, in
P Tekanan Design
ri Jari-jari, in
E Efisiensi Pengelasan
f tekanan maksimum yang dizinkan
C faktor korosi

Maka, ts 0.8811107161
Tebal Standar 0.25

ID shell 98.7850905695
OD shell 99.2850905695
Menentukan Head
Tipe Torispherical
Bahan

Design Atap

3) Depth of dish (b)

2
D 
b  rc   rc  irc     irc 
2

2 
b=

4) Tinggi Head (OA)

OA= th + b + sf
OA =

Menentukan Tinggi Total Tangki

Htotal = Hshell + Hhead
H total = 7.3102
87.7254
2.2282

Volume Reaktor
Resume
Kondisi Operasi : P=
T=

Bahan Konstruksi : Carbon Steel SA 283

Dimensi : Diameter reaktor =
Tinggi reaktor =
Design Atap =
Tebal head minimum
Tebal head
Depth of dish (b)
Tinggi Head (OA)
Tinggi Total reaktor =

Menghitung Ukuran dan Lebar Pengaduk

Data pengaduk dari Brown "Unit Operation" p.507

Ukuran pengaduk
Diameter pengaduk (Di) = ID/3

Tinggi pengaduk (W) = Di/5

Lebar pengaduk (L) = Di/4

Lebar baffle (B) = ID/12

 Jarak pengaduk
dengan dasar tangki
(E) = Di(0.75-1.3);
dipilih 1

Tinggi Cairan (ZL)

Kecepatan putar pengaduk (N)

�=600/𝜋𝐷𝑖 √(𝑊𝐸𝐿𝐻/2𝐷𝑖),𝑊𝐸𝐿𝐻=𝑍_𝐿 𝑥𝑆�

WELH (Water Equivalent Liquid Height)

Sg (Specific Gravity) = ρcairan/ρair
rcairan

Sg
WELH

Jumlah pengaduk = WELH/ID

N

Menghitung power pengaduk (P)

�=(�_� 𝜌�^3 〖𝐷𝑖〗 ^5)/�_𝑐

gc
Viskositas campuran (mcampuran)
m campuran

�_𝑅𝑒=(� 〖𝐷𝑖〗 ^2 𝜌)/�

Nre
Np
P

Reaktor-01

UMPAN MASUK
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) T in (K)
Pati 4765.581246 348
H2O 7148.371870 348
CaCl2 0.918585 348
α-Amilase 9.532030 348
NaoH 0.003596 348
Dekstrin 0 348
Maltosa 0 348
Dekstrosa 0 348

ΔH Reaksi X
Umpan Masuk
Komponen
Massa (kg/jam) Massa (kmol/jam)
Pati 4765.58 0.0294171682
H2O 7148.37 397.13
Dekstrin 0.00 0
Maltosa 0 0
Dekstrosa 0 0

UMPAN KELUAR
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) T out (K)
Pati 2131.26 348
H2O 3196.89 348
CaCl2 0.918585 348
α-Amilase 9.532030 348
NaoH 0.003596 348
Dekstrin 1844.0254529318 348
Maltosa 444.9077283264 348
Dekstrosa 409.7834339848 348

Q steam = 90795.7015 Kcal/jam

Pendingin masuk
Pendingin Keluar
Cp air

Q steam = Massa Steam (Cp dT)

Massa Steam = 1815.9140293905 kg/jam
0.5044205637 kg/s

Resume NP + NM R-01
Umpan Masuk
Komponen
Massa (kg/jam) Panas (Kcal/jam)
 Pati 4765.581246 24183.14862003
H2O 7148.371870 43143.72293343
CaCl2 0.918585 0.9320920472
α-Amilase 9.532030 1603.584064238
NaoH 0.003596 0.0034237153
Dekstrin 0 0
Maltosa 0 0
Dekstrosa 0 0
Reaksi Pembentukan 65448.5794
Pendingin
Total 134379.9705251

Reaktor 02

UMPAN MASUK
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) T in (K)
Pati 2131.26 348
H2O 3196.89 348
CaCl2 0.918585 348
α-Amilase 9.532030 348
NaoH 0.003596 348
Dekstrin 1844.0254529318 348
Maltosa 444.9077283264 348
Dekstrosa 409.7834339848 348

ΔH Reaksi X
Umpan Masuk
Komponen
Massa (kg/jam) Massa (kmol/jam)
Pati 2131.26 0.0132
H2O 3196.89 177.6049
Dekstrin 1844.0254529318 1.1383
Maltosa 444.9077283264 1.3009
Dekstrosa 409.7834339848 2.2766

UMPAN KELUAR
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) T out (K)
Pati 2131.26 348
H2O 3189.00 348
CaCl2 0.918585 348
α-Amilase 9.532030 348
NaoH 0.003596 348
Dekstrin 1844.0248908146 348
Maltosa 444.904685286 348
Dekstrosa 409.7733158754 348
 Q steam = 9086.3981 Kcal/jam
Pendingin masuk
Pendingin Keluar
Cp air

Q steam = Massa Steam (Cp dT)

Massa Steam = 181.7279622006 kg/jam
0.0504799895 kg/s

Resume NP + NM R-02
Umpan Masuk
Komponen
Massa (kg/jam) Panas (Kcal/jam)
Pati 2131.26 10815.16705126
H2O 3196.89 19294.69888599
CaCl2 0.918585 0.9320920472
α-Amilase 9.532030 0.0566603249
NaoH 0.003596 0.0037760893
Dekstrin 1844.0254529318 9357.587098136
Maltosa 444.9077283264 2244.306072131
Dekstrosa 409.7834339848 1871.517419627
Reaksi Pembentukan 9038.6925
Pendingin
Total 52622.96152028

Perancangan Jaket Pemanas

Menghitung Diameter Jaket

ID jaket = OD Shell + 2*TJ
OD shell = 72 in
ID Jaket = 76 in

Menghitung Tebal Jaket

P operasi = 1 atm
14.7 Psi
P Design = 17.64 psi

ts Tebal dinding shell, in

P Tekanan Design
ri Jari-jari, in
E Efisiensi Pengelasan
f tekanan maksimum yang dizinkan
C faktor korosi

Maka, ts 0.1874022753 in
 Tebal Standar 0.2500 in

OD jaket = 76.5 in
OD jaket standar = 132 in
ID jaket standar = 131.5 in

Design Head Jaket

1) Menghitung tebal head minimum

1  rc 
w  x 3  
4  irc 

w=

2) Menentukan tebal head

P.rc .w
th  C
2 fE  0,2 P

th =

Untuk th = 0,375 in, dari Tabel 5.8 (Brownell and Y

Direkomendasikan nilai sf =

3) Depth of dish (b)

2
D 
b  rc   rc  irc     irc 
2

2 
b=

4) Tinggi Head (OA)

OA= th + b + sf
OA =

Menentukan Tinggi Total Jaket

Htotal = HCairan + Hhead
H cairan (ZL)= 57.4693
H total = 6.8911
82.6968
2.1004993475
 Menghitung Luas Permukaan Jaket Pendingin

Volume Pemanas = Luas Selimut x tebal jaket

Brownell & Young, Pers 5.12, P88

OD = 132 in
sf = 2.5 in
irc = 7.92 in
De = 145.4228571429 in
3.6937405714 m

A total Jaket = A Shell+ Ahead

Ashell = 34276.1799031097 in2
Ahead = 33202.0575859592 in2
A total Jaket = 67478.2374890688 in2
Luas yang di aliri Hot/cold fluida
43.5342596984 m3

Perancangan Sistem Pemanas dengan Menggunakan Coil

Jenis coil yang digunakan adalah Helical Coil merupakan pipa panjang yang di roll membentuk
spiral dan letaknya terpusat di tengah tangki (Moss, D.,3rd Ed, 2004, p.336; Kern, 1950, p.720).

(Sumber : Moss, D., 3rd Ed, 2004, hal. 341)

1 Panas yang dibutuhkan

Q= 62842.8875 kJ/jam
= 59563.5571 Btu/jam

2 Banyaknya steam yang dibutuhkan

Msteam = 28.3561 kg/jam
= 62.5145
 Steam :
T1 = 115 oC
T2 = 115 oC
t3 = 30 oC
t4 = 75 oC

hot fluid cold fluid

239 higher tem 167
239 lower temp 86
0 81

𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷=(𝛥𝑡2 −𝛥𝑡1)/(2,3𝑙𝑜� 𝛥𝑡2⁄𝛥𝑡1)

LMTD = 107.5804 oF

3 Koefisien Transfer Panas

Untuk viskositas campuran > 1 cp berdasarkan Moss, 2004 Tabel 6-22, hal. 353.
Uc = 7 - 10 Btu/jam.Ft2.oF
Ud = 6 - 60 Btu/jam.Ft2.oF
Maka koefisien transfer panas yang diambil sebesar :

4 Luas coil yang dibutuhkan

Ar = �/
(�𝑇.𝑈)

= 9.2277621226 ft2
Pemilihan pipa standar (Tabel. 11, Kern, 1950. p.844):
Nominal size of pipe
IPS = 4 in
= 0.3333 ft
= 0.1016 m
OD = 4.5 in
= 0.3750 ft
= 0.1143 m
ID = 4.026 in
= 0.3355 ft
= 0.1023 m

Surface per lin ft

at'' = 1.178 ft2/ft
Flow area per pipe
a' = 12.7 in2/tube
= 0.088 ft2/ft

5 Pitch (P)
P maks. = 5 x IPS = 20
P min. = 2 x IPS = 8
 Dipilih P = 3 x IPS = 12
1.0
30.4799

6 Panjang Coil yang dibutuhkan (Lr)

𝑳�=𝑨�/�

Luas penampang coil/S = π.OD = 1.177

0.3589
Maka didapatkan, Lr = 7.8368 ft
= 2.3886 m

7 Volume Coil (VC)

𝑽�= (𝝅.
〖��〗 ^𝟐.𝑳�)/�

= 0.8651 ft3
= 0.0245 m3
VL (Volume Liquid) = 10.3338716718 m3
Vtotal = VL + VC
= 10.3584 m3
= 365.8034 ft3

Safety Factor = 20%

Vdesain = 12.43005 m3
= 438.963 ft3

8 Diameter Heliks Coil (Dc)

Menurut Rase, 1977, diameter spiral/heliks coil = 0,7-0,8 x Dshell
Dc = 0,8 x IDshell
= 4.7665 ft
= 1.4528 m
= 57.1968 in

9 Jumlah turn pada Spiral (N)

�= 𝐿𝑟/√( 〖 ( 𝜋𝐷𝑐) 〗
^(2 )+ �^2 )
= 0.0696592241
Digunakan 3 turn
𝐻𝐿= 𝑉𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙/( (𝜋𝐷𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟 〖 � 〖 ^2)/4)
����� 〗

= 57.4693 in
= 4.7872 ft
= 1.4597 m

Tinggi koil = 14.299428 in

 1.1911423524 ft
0.3632054712 m

10 Panjang Aktual Coil (La)

𝐿𝑎=�√( 〖 (�𝐷𝑐) 〗 ^2+ �^2 )

= 45.0003137773 ft
= 13.7160956393 m

11 Jumlah Lilitan Coil (n)

𝑛= 𝐻/ 3.4816061683
(�+𝑶𝑫�) =
Diambil 4 buah lilitan dalam 1 set coil.

Panjang aktual coil dibagi ke beberapa set coil , yaitu :

Dibuat jarak antar set coil/C = 3 in
IPSp = 4 in

Di set-1
La = 〖 (�𝐷𝑐) 〗 ^2+ �^2 )
𝑛√(
= 719.9936040004 in
= 59.9754672132 ft
= 18.2878375416 m

Di set-2
DC2 = DC - (IPSp x C)
= 45.1968 in
= 3.76489344 ft

La = 〖 (�𝐷𝑐) 〗 ^2+ �^2 )

𝑛√(
= 569.6975351869 in
= 47.4558046811 ft
= 14.4703173937 m

Di set-4
DC4 = DC3 - (IPSp x C)
= 21.1968 in
= 1.76569344 ft

La = 〖 (�𝐷𝑐) 〗 ^2+ �^2 )

𝑛√(
= 270.5242606328 in
= 22.5346709107 ft
= 6.8713162201 m

Panjang aktual koil hingga set ke-5 = 175.3472416479

= 53.4458392543

Diameter pengaduk = 23.8333 in

 = 1.9853 ft
= 0.6054 m

Hingga set ke-5, koil tidak mengganggu pengaduk. Hal ini dikarenakan diameter coil
pada set ke-5 masih lebih besar dari diameter pengaduk, sehingga masih ada ruang untuk
peletakan pengaduk.

12 Tinggi coil (hc)

hc = Pitch x Jumlah lilitan
= 48 in
= 3.9984 ft
= 1.2192 m

13 Tinggi fluida setelah ditambah coil (HL)

Tinggi coil harus lebih kecil daripada tinggi cairan setelah ditambah coil agar seluruh
coil tercelup dalam cairan. HL > hc = 57.4693
345
ABEL NERACA MASSA

OUTPUT
F3
Kg/jam

11913.9531162493
11913.9531162493

INPUT OUTPUT
F5 F6 F7
Kg/jam Kg/jam Kg/jam
953.1162492999
7055.1782809291
0.9185852175
9.5320299077 9.5320299077
0.0035955882 0.0035955882
2668.7254980399
643.8829773049
593.0501106755
11924.4073269628 11924.4073269628

OUTPUT
F9
Kg/jam
0.0953116249
6652.7916627997
0.9185852175
9.5320299077
0.0035955882
0.2668725498
 643.8829773049
4616.91629197
7.6249299944
11932.0322569572

OUTPUT
F13
Kg/jam
0.0953116249
997.91874942
0.2668725498
643.8829773049
4616.91629197
11913.9531162493
6258.9848912446
 CSTR

; 1 atm 14.7
; 50 C
; 80 %

INPUT OUTPUT
F5 F6 F7
Kg/jam Kg/jam Kg/jam
953.1162492999
7055.1782809291
0.9185852175
9.5320299077 9.5320299077
0.0035955882 0.0035955882
2668.7254980399
643.8829773049
593.0501106755
11924.4073269628 11924.4073269628

Output
KOMPONEN F5
kg/jam Fraksi berat
 Pati 953.1162492999 0.0799298634
H2O 7055.1782809291 0.5916586114
CaCl2 0.9185852175 0.000077034
α-Amilase 9.5320299077 0.0007993714
NaoH 0.0035955882 3.015318201796E-07
Dekstrin 2668.7254980399 0.2238036176
Maltosa 643.8829773049 0.0539970633
Dekstrosa 593.0501106755 0.0497341373
Total 11924.4073269628 1

BM Pati= 162000
BM Air = 18
BM Dekstrin= 1620
BM Maltosa = 342
BM Dekstrosa= 180
 Input

Fv (m3/jam) Viskositas (Cp) Viskositas Camp

3.1770541643 2743.59 1096.4738702376
7.1483718697 0.8 0.4795791807
0.0005005914 79 0.0060856888
0.0079433583 1 0.0007993714
1.68806959899627E-06 4 1.2061272807184E-06

10.3338716718 2828.39 1096.9603356846

0.0294171682 Kmol/jam
397.1317705416 Kmol/jam

KONVERSI REAKSI 80%

DEKSTRIN MALTOSA DEKSTROSA

Dekstrin Maltosa Dekstrosa

1.6473614185 1.882698764 3.2947228371

1.6473614185 1.882698764 3.2947228371
kmol/m3
kmol/m3

Jam

m3/kmol jam 0.1040912347 L/mol jam 𝑉=𝐹𝑣 𝑋_𝐴/(𝑘.𝐶_𝐴0.(1−𝑋_𝐴 ).

(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴))

�.𝐹𝑣=𝐹𝑣 𝑋_𝐴/(𝑘.𝐶_𝐴0.(1−𝑋_𝐴 ).
m3 (𝑀−𝑋_𝐴))

m3
m3

m3
m3
m3

m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3

Xc Xd Xe V (m3)
10.3338716718
3.1934136501
0.8 1.8341632889
0.7009389556 0.8 1.2796051512
0.6191870976 0.7240245256 0.8 0.9814010034

Vshell (ft3) D (m) D (in) D (ft)

437.9250935141 2.5091399455 98.7850905695 8.2320866989
135.3293340361 1.6963765313 66.7865136763 5.5655399791
77.7275115571 1.4100998358 55.5157715436 4.6263119451
54.2266464384 1.2506310004 49.2374675471 4.1031202112
41.5894584158 1.1447729591 45.0698258769 3.7558169151
 (Brownell & Young, page17)

atm 14.7 psi

50 lb/in2 (Timmerhaus, page 538)
Harga pada volume 1000 gallon = $ 11000
(Timmerhaus, page 731)

Biaya (USD) Biaya Total (USD)

22417.731 22417.7311785904 Digunakan
11081.203 22162.4067174498
7945.050 23835.1490090423
6401.465 25605.8618324545
5459.360 27296.7989797936

dinding shell, in
17.64 psi
49.3925452847 in
nsi Pengelasan 0.85
an maksimum yang dizinkan 12650 psi
0.8 in

in
in Brownell, Tabel 5.7
1.8161 m
in ID standar 71.50 in
in OD standar 72 in
H standar 72 in
5.99976 ft
 1) Menghitung tebal head minimum
diketahui ukuran tangki standar
1  rc 
w  x 3  

rc =
4  irc  irc =

w= 1.7642 in

2) Menentukan tebal head

P.rc .w
th  C (Brownell and Young, 1959,hal. 258)
2 fE  0,2 P

th = 0.9042 in
1 in
Untuk th = 5/16 in, dari Tabel 5.8 (Brownell and Young, 1959)
Direkomendasikan nilai sf = 2.5

h of dish (b)
2 (Brownell and Young,1959.hal.87)
D 
rc   rc  irc     irc 
2

2 
12.2254 in 1.0187445373 ft
0.310513335 m

(Brownell and Young,1959.hal.87)

15.7254 in
1.3104 ft
0.3994 m

ft
in
m

4.8014 m3
V shell design 292999.6800 in3
V dish 18.289152
V sf 70.65
 Vhead 177.878304 in3
293177.5583
4.8043299657 m3

1 atm = 14.7 psi

50.00 o
C = 323.15 K

5.99976 ft = 1.828726848 m
5.99976 ft = 1.828726848 m

1.7642 in
0.9042 in
12.2254 in
1.3104 ft = 0.3994 m
8.6206 ft = 2.627546 m

an dan Lebar Pengaduk

"Unit Operation" p.507

Six blades turbines
= 0.6054 m
23.8333 in 1.8161
= 0.1211 m
4.7667 in
= 0.1513 m
5.9583 in
= 0.1513 m
 5.9583 in 2.022180

= 0.6054 m

23.8333 in
= 1.4597 m
57.4693 in

𝐻/2𝐷𝑖),𝑊𝐸𝐿𝐻=𝑍_𝐿 𝑥𝑆�
Eq. 8-8, P345 Rase, 1977

Liquid Height)

= 1153.9148 kg/m3
72.0357 lb/ft3
= 1.1539 kg/m3
= 1.6844 m
5.5262 ft
= 0.2827 ~ 1 buah
= 113.4232 rpm 205
1.8904 rps 3.4166666667

= 32.174 ft./s2 Pemilihan Curve

Da/dt (S1)
= 1096.9603 cP E/Dt (S2)
0.7372 lb/s.ft L/Da (S3)
w/Da (S4)
Geankoplis, Pers 3.41, 1978 H/Dt (S6)

= 1317.0356885493
= 5 Fig 10.5 Wallas p.283 Curved (Six Blade Turbine)
= 2337.1292 ft.lb/s
4.9987 Hp Effisiensi
3.7275 kW
3.9990 HP
Maka dipilih Power Motor Standar 4

Treff (K) ΔH Cp dT (J/mol) Cp dT (Kcal/kg)

 298 24183.1486200269 3441866.4017 5.07454
298 43143.722933434 454.846664 6.03546
298 0.9320920472 471.5680324542 1.01470
298 1603.584064238 1319.0198040567 0.00594
298 0.0034237153 175.8791366906 1.05020
298 0 34418.6640173333 5.07454
298 0 7223.0441308 5.04443
298 0 3441.8664017333 4.5671

Q masuk 68931.3911334614 Kcal/jam

0.553
Umpan Bereaksi
ΔHf (Kcal/mol) ΔHf (Kcal/jam)
Massa (kmol/jam) Massa (kg/jam)
0.0162612474 2634.3220756169 -211.81 -3444.3434
219.5268396347 3951.4831134253 -0.07 -14985.3821
1.1382873166 1844.0254529318 -2.17 -2464.3953
1.3008997904 444.9077283264 -0.47 -612.5647
2.2765746332 409.7834339848 -0.26 -594.6023

Q reaksi 65448.5794

T reff (K) ΔH Cp dT (J/mol) Cp dT (Kcal/kg)

298 10815.1670512619 3441866.40173333 5.0745
298 19294.6988859852 454.846664 6.0355
298 0.9320920472 471.5680324542 1.0147
298 0.0566603249 1319.0198040567 0.0059
298 0.0037760893 175.8791366906 1.0502
298 9357.5870981355 34418.6640173333 5.0745
298 2244.3060721307 7223.0441308 5.0444
298 1871.5174196271 3441.8664017333 4.5671
Q Keluar 43584.2690556019 Kcal/jam

25 C Suhu air Cooler

75 C Asumsi
1 Kcal/kg K

Umpan Keluar
Massa (kg/jam) Panas (Kcal/jam)
 2131.26 10815.1670512619
3196.89 19294.6988859852
0.918585 0.9320920472
9.532030 0.0566603249
0.003596 0.0037760893
1844.0254529318 9357.5870981355
444.9077283264 2244.3060721307
409.7834339848 1871.5174196271

90795.7015
134379.970525128

T reff (K) ΔH Cp dT (J/mol) Cp dT (Kcal/kg)

298 10815.1670512619 3441866.4017 5.0745433493
298 19294.6988859852 454.8467 6.0354614617
298 0.9320920472 471.5680 1.0147039485
298 0.0566603249 1319.0198 0.0059442034
298 0.0037760893 175.8791 1.0502007071
298 9357.5870981355 34418.6640 5.0745433493
298 2244.3060721307 7223.0441308 5.0444304049
298 1871.5174196271 3441.8664017333 4.5670890144
Q umpan = 43584.2690556019 Kcal/jam

0.800
Umpan Bereaksi
ΔHf (Kcal/mol) ΔHf (Kcal/jam)
Massa (kmol/jam) Massa (kg/jam)
0.0105247366 0.000000065 -211.81 -2229.2759060548
142.0839447255 7.8935524848 -0.07 -9698.9607761346
0.9106298533 0.0005621172 -2.17 -1971.5162256673
1.0407198323 0.0030430404 -0.47 -490.0517855796
1.8212597066 0.0101181095 -0.26 -475.6818516093

Q reaksi 9038.6925

T reff (K) ΔH Cp dT (J/mol) Cp dT (Kcal/kg)

298 10815.1670509322 3441866.40173333 5.0745433493
298 19247.0576541679 454.8467 6.0354614617
298 0.9320920472 471.5680 1.0147039485
298 0.0566603249 1319.0198 0.0059442034
298 0.0037760893 175.8791 1.0502007071
298 9357.5842456475 34418.6640 5.0745433493
298 2244.290721725 7223.0441308 5.0444304049
298 1871.4712093205 3441.8664017333 4.5670890144
Q Keluar 43536.5634102545 Kcal/jam

25 C Suhu air Cooler

75 C Asumsi
1 Kcal/kg K

Umpan Keluar
Massa (kg/jam) Panas (Kcal/jam)
2131.26 10815.1670509322
3189.00 19247.0576541679
0.918585 0.9320920472
9.532030 0.0566603249
0.003596 0.0037760893
1844.0248908146 9357.5842456475
444.904685286 2244.290721725
409.7733158754 1871.4712093205

9086.3981
52622.9615202824

Jarak antara dinding luar tangki dan dinding bagian dalam jaket (TJ)
diambil 2 in
Referensi TA

17.64 psi
38 in
0.85
12650 psi
0.125 in
 Brownell, Tabel 5.6

1.9431 m

hitung tebal head minimum

diketahui ukuran tangki standar
rc = 132 in
irc = 7.92 in

1.7706 in

ntukan tebal head

P.rc .w
C (Brownell and Young, 1959,hal. 258)
2 fE  0,2 P

0.3167 in
0.375 in standar
th = 0,375 in, dari Tabel 5.8 (Brownell and Young, 1959)
omendasikan nilai sf = 2.5 in

h of dish (b)
2 (Brownell and Young,1959.hal.87)
 rc  irc    D  irc 
2

2 
22.3526 in 1.8626392422 ft
0.567732441 m

(Brownell and Young,1959.hal.87)

25.2276 in
2.1022 ft
0.6408 m

in
ft
in
m
 3.3528 m

145.0389285714 in
3.6839887857 m

34211.2628957174 in2
33026.9765578023 in2
67238.2394535197 in2
239.9980355491 in2

ng yang di roll membentuk

, p.336; Kern, 1950, p.720).

004, hal. 341)

kJ to Btu
0.947817

Kg to lb
2.2046
 239 oF
239 oF
86 oF
167 oF

diff
72 Δt2
153 Δt1
-81

22, hal. 353.

60 Btu/jam.Ft2.oF

0.083333 in to ft
0.0254 in to m
30.48 ft to cm
0.3048 ft to m
61023.7441 m3 to ft3
0.0283 ft3 to m3

in
in
in
ft
cm

ft
m

HL = ZL (tinggi liquid)

inch to ft
0.0833
inch to m
0.0254
ft to m
 0.3048

lilitan dalam 1 set coil.

Di set-3
DC3 = DC2 - (IPSp x C)
= 33.1968 in
= 2.76529344 ft

La = 〖 (�𝐷𝑐) 〗 ^2+ �^2 )

𝑛√(
= 419.7056232581 in
= 34.9614784174 ft
= 10.6605228308 m

Di set-5
DC5 = DC4 - (IPSp x C)
= 9.1968 in
= 0.76609344 ft

La = 〖 (�𝐷𝑐) 〗 ^2+ �^2 )

𝑛√(
= 125.087880258 in
= 10.4198204255 ft
= 3.1772321586 m

ft
m
an diameter coil
masih ada ruang untuk

coil agar seluruh

> 48
 314
7850
86940
94790
712 1025.28 2106.44444444
892 2979.28
160
1954
12.2125
psi
𝑉=𝐹𝑣 𝑋_𝐴/(𝑘.𝐶_𝐴0.(1−𝑋_𝐴 ).
(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴))

�.𝐹𝑣=𝐹𝑣 𝑋_𝐴/(𝑘.𝐶_𝐴0.(1−𝑋_𝐴 ).
(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴))
Waktu tinggal (jam)
1
0.3090239314
0.1774904263
0.1238263056
0.094969343

V shell (bbl)
103.9970537888
32.137578411
18.4584814161
12.877570959
9.8765318726
 27296.7
30000 25605.8618324 936
23835.1490090 545
Plant Design - Mc-Graw 22417.7311785 22162.4067174 423
25000 904 498

Plant Design - Mc-Graw 20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

5.958095 ft
5.99976 ft
i ukuran tangki standar
72.00 in (Brownell and Young,1959.hal.258)
4.375 in

l and Young, 1959,hal. 258)

nilai standar

in

in3
in3
 rpm Wallas, P288 3.4166666667 rps
rps Mencari P

0.3333
0.3333
0.25
0.2
1

(Six Blade Turbine) fig.10.59 Towler dan Sinnot hal 619

0.8 Figur 14.38 Piters hal 514

HP
Menghitung Kapaista Panas Cp = A+BT+CT^2+DT^3
Komponen A B C D
Pati 63521.6 -12489.2 4367.42
H2O 8.712 0.00125 -0.00000018 -
 CaCl2 8.646 0.00153 - -30200
NaoH 0.121 0.016316 - 194800
Dekstrin 635.216 -124.892 43.6742
Maltosa 156.8232 -47.8173 13.5920
Dekstrosa 63.5216 -12.4892 4.36742

Joule = 0.000238846 Kcal

Kcal/Kg.K = 4.1868 KJ/Kg.K
KJ/Kg.K = 0.23885 BTU/Lb.F

Cp (Kcal/Kg) ΔH (Kcal/jam)

5.0745 13367.9816 ΔHf Pati = -886818.23 kJ/kmol

6.0355 23849.0240 Δhfair = -285.8 kJ/kmol
5.0745 9357.5871 ΔHf dekstrin = -9064.43 kJ/kmol
5.0444 2244.3061 ΔHf maltosa = -1971.47 kJ/kmol
4.5671 1871.5174 ΔHf dekstrosa = -1093.52 kJ/kmol

Kcal/jam

Komponen Massa (kg/batch) Kmol/batch Panas CpdT (kj/kQ (kJ/batch)

Pati 953.1162492999 0.0058834336 3441866.40173 20249.992564269
Air 7055.1782809291 391.95434894 454.846664 178279.12805588
Dekstrin 2668.7254980399 1.6473614185 34418.6640173 56699.979179953
Dekstrosa 593.0501106755 3.2947228371 17236.5695818 56789.719434033
Maltosa 643.8829773049 1.882698764 7223.0441308 13598.816257731
α-amilase 9.5320299077 0.0001798497 1319.01980406 0.2372253458
CaCl2 0.9185852175 0.0082755425 471.568032454 3.9024812942
NaOH 0.0035955882 8.9889706E-05 175.879136691 0.0158097239
 komponen n Q cp
α-amilase (F5) 0.000166885 1319.02055 0.22012462 26.3803960811
CaCl2 0.008275543 471.5680519 3.90248153 9.4313606491
NaOH 0.0000834 175.8423072 0.01466832 3.5175827338

Cp (Kcal/Kg) ΔH (Kcal/jam)

5.0745433493 3.2968044662E-07
6.0354614617 47.6412318172
5.0745433493 0.0028524881
5.0444304049 0.0153504057
4.5670890144 0.0462103067

Kcal/jam
alam jaket (TJ)
(Brownell and Young,1959.hal.258)
Densitas = A * B ^ (-((1-T/Tc)^n))
Densitas komponen pada suhu = 75 oC =

Input
KOMPONEN
kg/jam Densitas (gr/cm3) Densitas Campuran
 Pati 4765.581 1.5 0.5994739758
H2O 7148.372 1 0.5994739758
CaCl2 0.918585 1.835 0.0001413575
α-Amilase 9.53203 1.2 0.0009592457
NaoH 0.003596 2.13 6.42262776982552E-07
Dekstrin
Maltosa
Dekstrosa
Total 11924.41

Input
KOMPONEN
kg/jam BM kmol/jam fr fr/densitas
Pati 4765.581 162000 0.0294171682 0.3996493172 0.2664328781
H2O 7148.372 18 397.1317705416 0.5994739758 0.5994739758
CaCl2 0.918585 111 0.0082755425 0.000077034 4.198040082E-05
α-Amilase 9.53203 53000 0.0001798496 0.0007993714 0.0006661428
NaoH 0.003596 40 8.98897061465516E-05 3.0153182E-07 1.415642348E-07
Dekstrin
Maltosa
Dekstrosa
Total 11924.41 1 0.8666151188

Viskositas komponen pada suhu = 75 oC =

Konsentrasi μi Xi / μi
KOMPONEN

Pati
Kmol/liter
9.259E-06
Cp
2.74E+03 1.46E-04 PENENTUA
VISKOSITAS
H2O 0.055556 0.8 0.7493424698
CaCl2 0.016532 79 9.75114373585753E-07
α-Amilase 2.264E-05 1 0.0007993714
NaoH 0.05325 4 7.53829550449005E-08
Dekstrin
Maltosa
Dekstrosa
Total 0.7502885582

1.10E+03
4.80E-01
6.09E-03
7.99E-04
1.21E-06
μ Campuran= 1.10E+03
 27296.7989797
25605.8618324 936
545

4 4.5 5 5.5
Berat Molekul
Nama Komponen BM
Pati 162000
H2O 18
 CaCl2 111
NaoH 40
Dekstrin 1620
Maltosa 342
Dekstrosa 180
α-Amilase 52999.97
OA = 0.527 ft 0.1606296 m
OD = 5.031 ft 1.5334488 m

Tinggi total reaktor kating = 1.854708

348.15 K
 PENENTUAN
V (L/jam)
DENSITAS
3177.054164333
7148.37186975
0.5005913992
7.9433582564
0.0016880696

10333.87167181

348.15 K

NENTUAN
KOSITAS
AN
S