TOEFLPr

epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

BABI
TENTANGTOEFL

• ApakahTOEFLi t
u?
TOEFLadal ahsi ngkatandar iTestofEngl ishasaFor eignLanguage.TOEFL
adalah testkecakapan( profici
ency)BahasaI nggris.Ni lai(skor)TOEFLdal am
j
uml ahtertentumenj adisyaratunt ukmasukuni versitas2diAmer ika,
Kanada, dl
l
..
DiIndonesi a,skorTOEFLdi pergunakan unt ukmel anjutkanst udiatauapl i
kasi
kerj
a khususny a diper usahaan2 i nt
ernasional.Sekar ang,per syarat
an scor e
TOEFLj ugadi perlukandalam pr osesapli
kasiker japadaper usahaan-
perusahaan
nasionaldandal am beber apakasuspendaf taranPegawaiNeger iSipi
l( PNS) .
Untukapl i
kasist udilanj
utS2danS3j ugamensy aratkan TOEFLdenganscor e
ter
tentu. Bahkan beber apa uni v
ersi
tas t erkemuka di I ndonesia j uga
mensy arat
kanpencapai anscor eTOEFLant ara400s/ d450sebagaiper syaratan
l
ulus/wisudaS1.

• Profi
ciencyapayangdiujikandal
am TOEFL?
UntukPaper-BasedTest( PBT):
-SECTI ON1:Listening :
50soal
-SECTI ON2:StructureandWrit
tenExpr
essi
on :40soal
-SECTI ON3:Readi ng :
50soal
JUMLAH :
140SOAL

• Ber
apawaktuyangdiper
lukanunt
uktestTOEFL?
- Li
stening :
30menit
- Str
uctureandWritt
enExpr
essi
on : 25meni
t
- Reading :
55menit
JUMLAH :
110menit

• Soalapasajay angadapadat estTOEFL?

SECTION1: Listening
PART A:Shor tConv ersati
on.Mendengar kan dan memahamii
nfor
masidar
i
percakapanpendek.
PART B:LongerTal ks.Mendengar kan dan memahami i
nfor
masidar
i
percakapan( agak)panj
ang.
PART C:Tal ksandSpeeches.Mendengar kandanmemahamiinfor
masidar
i
pidatoat aukuliah.

SECTI
ON2:St ruct
ureandWr i
ttenExpr
essi
on
PARTA:St
ructure.
Bentuksoal:kal
imat-
kali
matyangtidakl i
engkap(ncomplet
esentences)
.
Soaldi kerj
akan dengan memi l
i
h opsijawaban pal
ing tepaty ang

At
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,M.
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t
ersedi
a.

PARTB:Writ
tenExpressi
on
Bentuksoal:Dalam seti
apkal
imatt
erdapat4kata/frasebergari
s
bawahditandaidenganA,B,C,danD.Jawabanyangdi
pil
ihadlyang
sal
ahdanhar usdiubah.

SECTI
ON3:ReadingCompr ehension
Andaakanmendapat ibeberapabacaany angmasi ng-
masingdii
kuti
ol
eh 9 – 11 pert
any aan.Seti
ap pert
anyaan di
l
engkapidengan opsi
j
awaban( A),(
B),(
C) ,dan(D).Andamemi li
hsalahsatujawabanyang
pal
ingsesuaimenurutbacaansebelumnya.

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S.Pd.
,M.
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BABI
I
SECTI
ON2:
STRUCTUREANDWRI
TTENEXPRESSI
ON

Adaduabagian( Part)dal
am Section2St ruct
ureandWr i
tt
enExpressi
on,yai
tuPartA
dan PartB.Meski pun sama-sama menguj ikemampuan gr ammat i
cal
,keduanya
memi l
i
kiket
entuanmenj awabyangber beda.
Halyangdi perl
ukandalam Sect i
on2padaumumny aadal
ahpengetahuankit
a
tent
angkali
matdal am BahasaI nggri
sdanat ur
an-
atur
angr ammati
kal
nya.Beri
kutini
adal
ahdiant
aranya:

1. SUSUNANKALI MAT
Konseptent
angkal
imatdal
am BahasaInggri
sdapatdi
jel
askansecar
asi
ngkatseper
ti
ber
ikut
:
Komponenmi ni
mal
kali
matter
dir
iat
as:SubjekdanVer
b

SUBJECT+VERB+COMPLEMENT+MODI
FIER

SUBJECT

Subjectadal
ahagenataupelakupadakal
imatakti
f.I
aadal
ahorangataubendayang
melakukanatauber
tanggungjawabatast
indakankal
i
matter
sebut
,danlet
aknyapada
umumny amendahul
ui v
erb.

Cont
oh:
- Thecl
assroom i
sver
ycomfort
abl
e.
- WestudyEngli
sh.
- Thepol
icearr
estedt
hebandi
t.

Subjectsel
aluberupaNoun(house,horses,i
dea)atauNounPhr ase( kel
ompokkata
sebagainounsepert
i:abi
ghouse,ahungryhorse,
astupididea,
dll
),begi
tupul
adengan
objek/compl
ement.Nounphr
asebiasanyaberupagabungan:

Quanti
fi
er+adject
ive+noun
Contoh:someexpesiv
ecars,
thr
eegoodmen,
dll
.

Adj
ecti
ve+noun
Cont
oh:meti
cul
ouscal
cul
ati
on,
wonder
ful
moment
,dl
l
.

Cont
oh:
At
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- Oili
sexpensivetoday.(si
nglenoun)
- Somest udentscanspeakEngl ishverywell.(nounphrase)
- Thebankmanagerusual l
yfini
sheswor kingat9p. m.(nounphrase)
- Thatstupi
dideamadeal lt
heaudi encelaugh.(nounphr ase)
Beber
apa kal
imatjuga dapatmenggunakan t her
e sebagaisubj ek semu (pseudo-
subj
ect)
.Padakal
i
matseper t
iinisubj
eksebenar nyamuncul set
elahverb.
Misal
nya:
- Therewasacaracci dentinfrontofthecampust hi
smor ni
ng.
v
erb subj
ect
- Ther
ear
esomepeopl
ewai
ti
ngf
ori
nter
views.
v
erb subj
ect
- Wast
her
eanassi
gnmentf
orus?
v
erb subj
ect

VERB

Verb(kat
aker j
a)mengi
kutisubj
ekpadakal
i
mat(
+).Ver
binibi
asany
amenunj
ukkan
ti
ndakan(act
ion)kal
i
matt
ersebut
.

Ver
bant aralaindapatber upa:
- Act i
onv erb,y ai
tukataker jay angmenunj ukpadat i
ndakanat auakt i
fi
tas.Mi salny a:
walk,give,l
end,go, f
ight ,
hav e,write.
- Linking( copulati
ve)v erb,y aituver byangt i
dakmenunj ukkant i
ndakan,t etapihany a
menghubungkan subj ekdengan obj ekat au kompelemen.Mi sal nya:appear ,be,
become,f eel,look,remai n,seem,smel l,sound,stay,taste.Ver bseper t
ii nijika
berf
ungsi sebagai pr
edi kat, ti
dakl azi
m berbentukcontinuos( verb_ ing).
- Modalv erb,y ai
tukat ay anghar usdi gunakansecaraber sama- samadenganv erb
utama/ v
erb1.Modalv er
bsy ai
tucan,may ,must,shall,wi
ll,coul d,mi ght,oughtt o,
would.
- Ver bbeadal ahcopul at i
vey angsangatser i
ngdipakaiuntukmenghubungkansubj ek
denganket erangan(modi fi
er ).Ji
kasebuahkal i
matt i
dakmemi l
iki verbutama, maka
bi
asany aiamenggunakanv erbbe.Ver bbebi saberbentuk‘am, is, are,was,wer e,be,
been’

Cont
oh:
1.Theboyal
way
swal
kst
oschool
int
hemor
ning.
S v
erbofact
ion
2.Shewi
l
ltakeherbr
othert
oschool
.
S modal
ver
b
3.Ar
ifi
sanout
standi
ngst
udent
.
S be noun
4.She l
ookedv
erygoodl
astni
ght
.
S copul
ati
ve

At
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,M.
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2020]

5.Mar
ryi
s angr
y aboutherdol
l
.
S be adj
ect
ive
6.Thest
udent
sofeconomi
cs wai
t f
ort
hei
rlect
urert
ost
art
.
S v
erbofact
ion
7.Thecashi
er wi
l
ltel
l y
out
heaccountnumber
.
S modal
ver
b
COMPLEMENT

Compl ementadalahobject,
iamel engkapiv
erb.Padakali
matakti
f,complementmuncul
setelahverb.Samadengansubj ek,complementbiasany ahnouns.Dal
aadal am kal
imat
declarat
ive,complementadalahjawabandaripert
anyaanapa(what)atausiapa(whom)?
Wal audemi ki
an,
perludi
pahami bahwat i
daksemuakal i
matmemer lukancomplement.

Contoh:
1.Themechani csrepai
redthecar
.
2.Ay oungboywascal l
inghismother.
3.Wedi dn’
taccepttheplan.
4.Willyouinvi
tethem?
5.Thegov ernmentcont
rolsthepr
icesofcer
tai
ncommodi
ti
es.

MODI
FIER

Modifi
ermenginfor
masikanwaktu(ti
me) ,t
empat(place),at
aucara( manner)suatu
act
ion.Modif
ierbanyakyangberupafrasedengankatadepan( pr
eposit
ionalphr
ase)
yai
tukelompokkatayangdiawal
idengankatadepan(preposi
ti
on)dandiakhir
idengan
noun.

Contoh:
1.Fandi
wentt
othecopycent
er somemi
nut
esago.
modi
fi
erofpl
ace modi
fi
eroft
ime
2.Thest
udent
swer
edoi
ngt
heassi
gnmentont
hesecondf
loor
.
modi
fi
erofpl
ace
3.Theyf
oll
owedt
hel
ect
urev
eryat
tent
ivel
y.
modi
fi
erofmanner
4.Wewi
l
lfi
nisht
hecl
ass at5p.
m.
modi
fi
eroft
ime
5.Thebooksar
e ont
heshel
ves. Got
her
eandf
indt
hem byy
our
sel
f.
modi
fi
erofpl
ace

Kal
i
maty
angl
engkapt
erdi
riat
as

At
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S.Pd.
,M.
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2020]

S+V+Obj /compl ement+Modi fi

er( keter
angan)
- Subjectselaluber upaNoun( house,hor ses,idea)at auNounphr ase(kelompokkat
a
sebagainounseper ti
:abi ghouse,ahungr yhor se,ast upi
di deadl l
),begi
tupul
a
denganObj ect/
compl ement .Nounphr asebi asanyaber upagabungan:
 Quant i
fi
er+adj ective+noun
Cont oh:someexpensi vecar s,threegoodmen, dll
.
 Adjectiv
e+noun
Cont oh:met i
culouscal cul ati
on, wonder f
ul moment ,dll
.
- Modi f
ierbisaber upa:
 Wakt u(int hemor ning, at7o’ cl
ock, t
omor r ow,dll)
.
 Tempat( atther estaur ant, onthebus, dl
l)
.
 Carasebuahact iondi kerjakan( bytakingt hebus, car el
essl
y,caref
ull
y,dll
).

Keterangan tentang kapan sebuah kejadi

an terj
adidapatdili
hatdarit ensessuat u
kalimat. Dengan kat al ai
n didal am sebuah kal i
mat pastiada t enses. Car a
menemukanny aadal ahdenganmel ihatbentukv erbyangdigunakan,apakaht i
peV1
(present)
,V2( past)
,tobe1Vi ng( pr
esentprogressive)
,tobe2Ving(pastpr ogressive)
,
Hav eV3( pr
esentper f
ect),HadV3( pastperfect)
,Hav ebeenVi ng(presentper fect
progressi
ve),HadbeenVi ng(pastperfectpr
ogressive,Wil
lVer
b(futur
e),
danl ain-l
ain.

Kali
matAkt i
f(Subjek( S)melakukanper buatan)
) :S+V+Obj
Kali
matPassive( Subjek(S)dikenaiperbuatan)) :S+tobe+V3
Baikkali
matakt i
fmaupunpasi fmemi l
i
ki tensesyangdapatdi
li
hatmel
alui
ver
bnya.
Contohdalam kalimataktif
:
Johnheldaf arewellpart
ylastnight.
S V
Johnwillmov et oanewof fi
cetomor r
ow.
S V
Kali
mat1mer upakanakt i
fdal am pastt ense,sedangkankali
matkeduaakti
fdalam
fut
ure.

Contohdalam kali
matpasi f
:
Johnwasappr eciat
edintheparty.
S V
Gailhasbeent oldav er
yimportantnews.
S V
Kal
imat1 mer upakan pasifdalam pastt ense,sedang kali
matkedua pasi
fdal
am
pr
esentperfect.
Danseterusnyakit
at i
nggalmelihatbentukverbyangdigunakandal
am suat
ukal
imat
.

Ter
akhi
ryangjugapent
ingtent
angkonsepkal
imatadalahbahwakal
i
matbi
saberupa
kal
i
matsederhana dan kal
imatmajemuk (
complex sent
ence)
.Kali
matseder
hana

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adalah kali
matt unggal,t
unggalsubjectand v er
b.Sedangkan kali
matcompl ex,
majemuksubj ectandverb(
baca:adalebi
hdarisat
upolaS+V) .Kal
imatkompleksbisa
ter
jadikarenaadabagi andar
ikomponenkalimatutama( i
ndukkalimat
/mainclause)
dit
erangkandengansebuahkalimat(anakkal
i
mat /
subclause)
.Clauseadal
ahsusunan
S+Vj uga.

Contoh:Mainclause=>Thegovernorst
oodatthepodium.
Thepodium wasdeli
ver
edtwoday sago.
Keduakalimatdiatasbi
samenjadi
Thegovernorst
oodatt
hepodi um t
hatwasdeli
veredt
wodaysago.
S(main) V( mai
n) S(sub) V(sub)

Cont
oh:
Mai
ncl
ause=>Thepodium wasdel
i
ver
edtwodaysago.
Thegovernorst
oodatt
hepodi
um

Keduakal
imatdiatasbi
samenj
adi
Thepodium atwhi
cht
hegover
norst
oodwasdel
iv
eredt
woday
sago.
S(main) S(sub)V(sub) V(mai
n)

Danlai
n-l
ainyangint
inyaAndaharusbisamelihatbahwakalimati
tut
unggalatau
kompl
eks.Kalau kompleks Anda har
us mampu membedakan pengelompokkan
komponenmasing-
masingcl
auseny
asepert
icont
ohterakhi
rdi
atas.

Catat
an:
- Dalam BahasaI ndonesiathatdimaknai‘yang’
,wher e‘dimana’ ,who‘yang(or
ang)
’,
which‘
yang( benda)’,whom ‘yangdi(
orangobj)’
,when‘ keti
ka’
,danlai
n-l
ain.
- Seri
ngkalidalam penger j
aan soalSection 2,kit
at idakper l
u mengetahuimakna
kal
imat/i
nformasiy angterkandungdalam soal
,karenasecar atekni
skit
ahanyaperl
u
memper hati
kan strukturkalimatny
a saja.Namun t erkadang mengetahuimakna
kal
imatjugalebihmengunt ungkan.

At
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S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page7
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2020]

BABII
I
SECTI
ON2:
STRUCTUREANDWRI
TTENEXPRESSI
ON
PARTA

Bagi an inimenguj ikemampuan gr ammardengan mel engkapikal i

maty ang t el
ah
dihi
langkan pada bagi an t ert
entu dengan pi l
ihan y ang di beri
kan y ang secar a
grammat icalbenar.Ti
pspenger j
aanset elahkonsepkal i
matdi kuasaiadalahdengan
mengenal ikomponen-komponenpeny usunkalimatsoal ,ter
utamasubj ectdanv erb,
baikdar ikal i
matut amany amaupunanakkal imatny a.Hali niakanmembant ukita
mel akukanpel engkapanat asapay angkur ang(kur angsubj eknyakah?At aukur ang
verbnya? ).ji
ka bukan keduany a maka y ang menjadipokokper soalan adalah soal
gramat i
kall ai
n( pr
eposisi,katasambung,quant i
fi
er ,adjecti
iv
e,bent uk/j
eniskat a,dl
l).
Persoalanst ruct
ureratusanjumlahnya.Duapul uhlima( 25)di antar
any aakandi urai
kan
berikutini.

At
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,M.
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PROBLEM 1:
SUBJECTANDVERB

I
ngatset
iapkal
i
matBahasaI
nggr
ismemer
lukanSubj
ectdanVer
b!

Cont
ohsoal
:Ari
zona averydrycl
i
mat
e.
(A)has (
B)being (C)hav
ing (
D)wi
th

Kali
matcont ohdiat asmemi l
ikisubj
eky ai
tu Ari
zona.Kitameny i
mpulkanbahwa
kali
matdiat askurangVer bkarenayanghadirberikut
nyaadalahav erydrycli
mate
yang merupakan Noun phr asesebagaiobjek/complementdar ikal
imatitu.Verb
sebagaipelengkap kalimatdiat asadalah . Sel anjut
nya anda per
lu
memper hati
kanbet ulapakahsebuahkalimattelahmemilikiunsursubjekdanv er
b,
atau apakah kalimatt er
sebutmemi li
kisubjek atau verbt idak perl
u( ver
bnya
berl
ebihan/r edundancy)

Contohsoal :
-I ntheocean, moresal ti
nthedeeperwater.
(A)i sthere (
B)i tmaybe (C)thereis (D)itis
- Byt hesecondy earofproduction,thepr
iceofanewpi eceoft echnol
ogy___
___
_
signifi
cantly.
(A)wi lli
ncrease (C)willhavedecr eased
(B)hasdecr eased (D)willhasdecr eased
- Pinetreesbearcones.
(A)Vi rt
uallytypes (C)Virt
uall
yal ltypesof
(B)Al ltypesvirtual
l
yof (D)Typesal lvir
tuall
y
- Howmanymusi calnotesoft he11,000tones_____t hatthehumanearcan
disti
nguish inthemusi calscal
e?
(A)i ti
s (B)isit (C)thereare (D)arether
e
- Orangutanslivealone.
(A)Nearal l (B)Al mostall (C)Theal l (D)Themostall

Exerci
ses
1.He……agoodst
udent
.

At
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,M.
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(
A)am (
B)was (
C)i
s (
D)ar
e
2.Thesky……cl
earnow.
(
A)i
s (
B)am (
C)was (
D)wer
e
3.Thewomeni
nthatof
fi
ce…….
wear
ingdi
ff
erentuni
for
mtoday
.
(
A)i
s (
B)am (
C)ar
e (
D)wer
e
4.They…….angr
ywi
theachot
herl
astni
ght
.
(
A)i
s (
B)was (
C)ar
e (
D)wer
e
5.Themeet
ingusual
l
y………f
oraboutt
wohour
s.
(
A)l
ast (
B)l
ast
s (
C)i
slast
ing (
D)l
ast
ed
6.Ther
e……someappl
i
cant
swai
ti
ngi
nthel
oungenow.
(
A)ar
e (
B)wer
e (
C)i
s (
D)was
7.James………………v
eryhar
dtoday
.
(
A)hav
ewor
ked (
B)haswor
ked (
C)hadwor
ked (
D)i
swor
king.
8.Thest
udent
s……………….
toj
oint
heev
entornot
.It
’supt
othem.
(
A)canchoose (
B)canchoosi
ng (
C)canchose (
D)chosen

At
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S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page10
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2020]

PROBLEM 2: VERB)I
KATAKERJA( NFI
NI VEVS.KATAKERJA–I
TI NG

1. Verbyangmemer l
ukanInfi
nit
ive(kataker
jadengant
o)set el
ahnya
Dalam bahasai
nggri
sadasej umlahv er
by angji
kadi
ikut
iv erbhar
usdal am toVer
b,
antar
alain:
agree decide hesi
state need refuse
appear demand hope offer seem
arr
ange deserve i
ntend pl
an tend
ask expect l
earn prepar e threaten
cl
aim fai
l manage pretend wai t
consent forget mean promi se want

Contohsoal:
Oneoftheleasteff
ecti
veway
sofstori
ngi nformati
onisl
ear
ning i
t.
(A)howr epeat (C)t orepeat
(B)repeati
ng (D)r epeat
Karena‘l
ear
ning’adalahsal
ahsat
uyangterdaftardiatasmakaj
awabanny
a .

Exerci
ses
1.Wearegoi
ngoutf
ordi
nner
.Woul
dyoul
i
ke………….
.us?
(
A)j
oini
ng (
B)t
ojoi
n (
C)j
oined (
D)j
oins
2.Yel
enapr
omi
sed………………t
othepar
ty.
(
A)t
ocome (
B)comi
ng (
C)comes (
D)came
3.Thesonpr
etended…………….
.sot
hathi
sfat
herwoul
dnotl
eav
ehi
m al
one.
(
A)cr
ying (
B)t
ocr
y (
C)t
ocr
ies (
D)t
ocr
ied.
4.Mybossexpect
sme………………t
hisr
epor
tbySunday
.
(
A)t
ofi
nish (
B)t
ofi
nished (
C)f
ini
sh (
D)f
ini
shes
5.Paul
didn’
thav
eanymoney
,sohedeci
ded…………….
ajob.
At
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,M.
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2020]

(
A)t
olookedf
or (
B)t
olooki
ngf
or (
C)t
olookf
or (
D)t
olooksf
or
6.Themandi
dn’
tint
end………………t
hewoman,
buti
twast
ool
ate.Thewomanwas
angr
ywi
thhi
m.
(
A)t
oof
fend (
B)t
oof
fendi
ng (
C)t
oof
fended (
D)of
fendi
ng.

2. Verby angmemer lukanbentuk–i

ngpadakat aker
jaset
elahnya
Tipeinimer upakankebal i
kandar
iti
pesebel umnya.Kitamel etakkanVi
ngset
elah
Verb-Verbberi
kutini:
admit compl et
e deny miss
appreciat
e consider discuss recommend
avoid delay enjoy toler
ate
fi
nish pract
ice ri
sk postpone
keep quit stop regret
ment i
on recal
l suggest understand

Contohsoal:
Str
aussfi
nished twoofhispubl
i
shedcomposit
ionsbef
orehi
stent
hbir
thday
.
(
A)written (B)wri
te (C)towri
te (D)wri
ti
ng
Karena ‘
fi
nish’adal
ah sal
ah satuyang t
erdaft
ardiat as maka j
awaban ki
ta
adal
ah .

Exerci
ses
1.Jackav
oided……………acatcr
ossi
ngt
hest
reetl
astni
ght
.
(
A)hi
t (
B)hi
tt
ing (
C)t
ohi
tt
ing (
D)hi
ts
2.Doy
ouenj
oy………………….f
oot
bal
lmat
ch?
(
A)wat
chi
ng (
B)t
owat
ch (
C)t
owat
chi
ng (
D)
wat
ched.
3.Idon’
tmi
nd……………….
yout
hebook.Pl
ease,
youmaybor
rowi
tfr
om me.
(
A)t
olend (
B)t
olendi
ng (
C)l
ends (
D)l
endi
ng
4.I
fyouhav
eal
otofmoney
,woul
dyouconsi
der………….
.anexpensi
vehouse?
(
A)buy (
B)buy
ing (
C)t
obuy (
D)bought

5.Hecoul
dn’
tst
op……………becauset
hecomedi
answer
etoof
unnyf
orhi
m.

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page12
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2020]

(
A)l
augh (
B)l
aughed (
C)l
aughs (
D)l
aughi
ng

6.Myl
ect
urerr
ecommended…………….
.t
hecour
seagai
nnextsemest
er.
(
A)t
akes (
B)t
otaki
ng (
C)t
aki
ng (
D)t
otake

7.Theyal
ldeni
edev
er………….
seent
hatguy
.
(
A)t
ohav
e (
B)had (
C)t
ohav
ing (
D)hav
ing

3. Verbphrase(kelompokkatasebagaiver
b)yangmemer l
ukanV-
ingsetel
ahnya
Verbphraseadalahverbyangbiasany
aberdampingandenganpr
eposisi
,ant
aralai
n:

appr
oveof donotmind keepon counton
bebett
erof
f for
getabout l
ookf owar
dto i
nsiston
can’
thel
p getthr
ough objectt
o thi
nkabout/of

Cont
ohsoal:
Manymodernarchi
tectsi
nsiston mat
eri
alsnat
ivet
other
egi
ont
hatwi
l
lbl
end
i
ntothesur
roundi
nglandscape.
(
A)use (
B)touse (
C)t
heuse (
D)usi
ng

Kar i
nsi
ena‘ ston’
ter
daf
tardal
am kel
ompokdi
atasmakaj
awabanny
aadal
ah .

At
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S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page13
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2020]

PROBLEM 3:
IRREGULARVERBSANDMODAL

1 Ir
regul
arVerbs
Verbpastadayangr
egul
ar(di
akhi
ridengan–dat
au–ed)adaj
ugay
angi
rr
egul
ar
(
ber
ubahmenurutket
ent
uangrammar)
, misal
nya:

Present Ver b_2 Ver b_3

Become Became Become
Br i
ng Brought Brought
Buy Bought Bought
Come Came Come
Choose Chose Chosen
Cut Cut Cut
Do Did Done
Dr i
nk Dr ank Drunk
Di g Dig Dig
Eat Ate Eaten
Fly Flew Flown
Hear Hear d Hear ed
Hit Hi t Hit
Know Knew Known
Li
e Lai d Laid
Meet Met Met
Pay Pai d Paid
Read Read Read
See Saw Seen
Sing Sang Sung
Swi m Swam Swum
Teach Taught Taught
At
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,M.
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2020]

Thi
nk Thought Thought
Try Tri
ed Tr
ed
Under
stand Under
stood Under
stood
Win Won Won
Writ
e Wrote Wri
tt
en

Halyangperludiper
hat
ikanketi
kamendapat
kansoaltipeiniadalahmengetahui
dahul
utensesyangdi
gunakan,
danmemil
ihver
bpastyangbenarperubahanny
a.

Contohsoal
:
Beforet
heAnglesandt
heSaxons t
oEngl
and,
theI
ber
ianshadl
i
vedt
her
e.
(
A)coming (B)come (
C)came (
D)di
dcome

Tensesdarikal
i
matsoaladalahpastkar
enamenceri
takanf
akt
asej
arah,bent
uk
perubahany
angbenardar
ikat
a‘came’
adal
ah .

Exerci
ses
1.Mr.andMr
s.Geor
ge………….
tov
isi
tusl
astni
ght
.
(
A)come (
B)came (
C)comes (
D)t
ocome
2.They………….
.usaboutt
hei
rpl
ansf
ort
hei
rnewhome.
(
A)t
ell
i
ng (
B)t
otol
d (
C)t
ell (
D)t
old
3.We………….
ourl
unchi
nthecaf
eter
iaatnoon.
(
A)hav
e (
B)had (
C)hav
ing (
D)t
ohav
e
4.We……………t
othepar
kandgotwetwheni
trai
ned.
(
A)went (
B)go (
C)goi
ng (
D)gone
5.Mr
.Li
efi
nal
l
y……………hi
shouse.
(
A)sel
l (
B)sol
d (
C)sel
l
ing (
D)t
osol
d.
6.Lastni
ght
,I……………somepeopl
etal
ki
ngaboutt
heear
thquakewhi
chhappenedi
n
Bal
i
.
(
A)hear (
B)hear
ing (
C)am hear
ing (
D)hear
d

2 Modal +Verb
Tipeini
memer l
ukankey
akinanAndabahwasetel
ahmodalpast
iverbdasar(
tanpato,
tanpa–ing,
tanpa–edataulai
nny
a),meski
punset
elahmodaldi
jedaolehket
erangan.

At
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S.Pd.
,M.
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2020]

Contohsoal :
Manybi rds,i
nthenormalcauseofthei
rmigrat
ions,wi
l
l mor
ethant
hree
thousandmi l
estor
ichthei
rwint
erhomes.
(A)flyi
ng (
B)t ofl
y (C)fl
ew (D)f
ly

Modalyangadadalam soaladal
ah‘wi
ll
’sedangkanfrase‘i
nthenormalcauseofthei
r
migr
ati
ons’adalahsekedarketer
angan.Yangper l
udi i
ngatseti
apadamodalpast i
adaverbter
kait
.Makakekosongandiat asmemer l
ukanv erb,danverbyangtepat
adal
ah .

Exerci
ses
1.Ifyoudon’
tmi
nd,
wewi
l
l………….
toy
oul
ater
.
(
A)t
alki
ng (
B)t
alk (
C)t
alked (
D)t
otal
k
2.Thi
sti
me,
shemay………….
.herexami
nat
ionswel
l
.
(
A)passed (
B)pass (
C)t
opass (
D)passi
ng
3.I
fyouar
einhur
ry,
youcan…………….
.amessagef
orhi
m.
(
A)l
eav
ed (
B)t
oleav
e (
C)t
oleav
ing (
D)l
eav
e
4.Youshoul
d……………t
henewsabouteconomi
cev
eryt
imei
fyouwantt
ogetmor
e
i
nfor
mat
ionaboutt
heI
ndonesi
aeconomy
.
(
A)wat
ched (
B)wat
ch (
C)bewat
chi
ng (
D)t
owat
ch
5.I
fyouwantt
osucceedi
nyourl
i
fe,
youmust………………har
dfr
om nowon.
(
A)wor
k (
B)wor
ked (
C)wor
king (
D)t
owor
k

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page16
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2020]

PROBLEM 4:CAUSATI
VE

Causat
ive adal
ah verb ut
ama y ang menyebabkan orang atau benda mel
akukan
sesuat
u,ataumeny ebabkansesuatuberubah.Berikutiniver
bcausat i
vemulaidar
i
yangpali
ngpowerf
ul hi
nggayangkurangpower f
ul:
make: merupakancausati
veterkuat
get : merupakancausati
veterkuatkedua
hav e: dst
..
.
let
help

Kali
maty angterdapatcausat
ivesel
aluadaobjekyangmel akukansesuatuaki
bat
causati
vetersebut.Bent
ukcausati
vev er
bdapatdalam tensesapapun.Kuncinya
adalahsetel
ahcausat i
veituadaobjeky angmelakukansesuatu,at
aut erj
adi
nya
suatuperubahanpadasesuatu.Namunmasi ng-masi
ngcausat i
vediatasmemi l
iki
perbedaankhusus.

1 Causat i
ve‘ make’
Cont
ohsoal:
(bentukpresent,perhat
ikanbent
uk‘
make’dal
am pr
esent)
Toomuchwat ermakespl ant
s brownont
heedgesoft
heirleav
es.
(
A)turni
ng (B)turn (
C)tur
ns (D)turned

Makeadalahcausat iveyangmemer lukanverbbentukdasar(tanpa–ing,t

anpato,
tanpa–s/-
es,ataulainnya)‘
plant
s’adalahobj
ekdaricausat
ive‘make’sehi
nggakat
a
kerj
asebagaihasi
ltindakancausati
ve‘make’padakali
matdiatasadal
ah .

2 Causat ive‘get
’
Berbedadar
i‘make,’causati
ve‘get
’justr
umemerl
ukaninfi
nit
ive(
tov
erb)j
i
kaobj
ect
adalahor
ang,danmemer lukanpart
icipl
e(V3)j
i
kaobj
eknyabenda.
At
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,M.
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2020]

Cont
ohsoal:(
bent
ukfut
ure,
perhatkanadawi
i llhavetoget)
Wewill
hav et
ogetsomeone thephonerightaway.
(
A)f i
xi
ng (
B)fixed (C)t ofi
x (
D)f
ixes

Jawabandarisoaldiatasmudah.Ki
tat
inggalmel
i
hatcausat
iveapay
angdi
pakai
danobjekdar
icausat
iveit
u.

Cont
ohsoal:(
dal
am bent
ukpast,perhat
ikan‘get
’menjadi‘
got
’)
Thedoct
orgothi
shouse beforeMar ch16,2005.
(
A)paint (
B)painted (
C)painti
ng (
D)pai
nts

Jawabanny
aadal
ah_
___
___
.

3 Causat i
ve‘ have’
Causative‘have’memi l
ikikar
akteri
sti
kkebali
kandari‘
get’setel
ahobj
ekorangy ang
dikenaicausative,digunakanv er
bdasar( t
anpato,tanpa–i ng,at
aul
ainny
a),untuk
bendadigunakanV3.
Contohsoal :(
dal am past,per
hati
kan‘have’
menjadi‘
had’)
Theyhadt heirlawyer thei
rwill
s.
(A)change (B)changing (
C)changed (D)changes

Jawabandar
isoal
diat
asadal
ah .

Contohsoal
:(dal
am f
utur
e)
Wear egoi
ngtohaveourcar befor
ewegot
oFl
ori
da.
(A)f
ixi
ng (B)fi
xes (
C)f i
xed (D)fi
x

Jawabandar
isoal
diat
asadal
ah .

4 Causat i
ve‘l
et’
Causati
ve‘l
et’hanyamemerlukanbent
ukVerbDasar(
tanpat
o,t
anpa–i
ng,at
au
l
ainnya)bai
kpadaobjekor
angmaupunbenda.

Contohsoal:
Prof
essorBakerl
etus apaperi
nst
eadoft
aki
ngafi
nal
exam.
(A)t
owr i
te (B)wr
it
ing (C)wri
te (D)wrot
e

Jawabandar
isoal
diat
asadal
ah .

5 Causat iv
e‘hel
p’
Causat
ive‘
hel
p’hanyamemer
lukanbol
ehbent
ukVer
bDasarat
aui
nfi
nit
ive(
tov
erb)
At
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S.Pd.
,M.
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2020]

padaobjekorang.
Contohsoal:
Inpart
nershipwithJohnD.Rockef
ell
er,HenryFl
ager t
heSt
andar
dOi
l
company .
(A)hel pedfor
ming (C)hehel
pfor
m
(B)helpedform (
D)helpingt
ofor
m

Jawabandar
isoal
diat
asadal
ah .

Exer
cises
1.Tommyhadhi
sbi
gbr
other hi
sshoesf
orhi
m.
(
A)t
oti
e (
B)t
ie (
C)t
ied (
D)t
ying
2.Thet
eacherhadme_
___
___t
othef
rontoft
hecl
assbecauseIwasl
ate.
(
A)t
ocome (
B)come (
C)came (
D)comi
ng
3.Thepr
esi
dentwi
l
lgethi
sadv
isor
s__
___
__apr
essconf
erence.
(
A)t
oar
range (
B)ar
range (
C)ar
ranged (
D)ar
rangi
ng
4.Thenur
sei
sget
ti
ngt
hepat
ient_
___
___
(
A)cal
m (
B)cal
med (
C)t
ocal
m (
D)cal
ming
5.Adul
teagl
esl
ett
hei
rof
fspr
ing_
___nest
sneart
hei
ror
igi
nal
nest
ing.
(
A)bui
l
d (
B)bui
l
ds (
C)bui
l
ding (
D)t
obui
l
d

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page19
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epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

PROBLEM 5:CONDI
TIONALSENTENCE

Kalimatpengandai an adalah penggambar an kondi si

/keny at
aan y ang t
idak ada
diandaikan menj adiada.Kal imatcondit i
onalj uga biasa disebutkalimatsy arat
(conditi
on)kar enat er
jadiatautidakter
jadinyasesuat ut ergantungpadat erpenuhi
atautidakt er
penuhi nyasy ar
at.
Adat i
gamacam kal i
matpengandai an.Dal am speaking penggunaankal i
mat
conditi
onaldi sesuaikandenganmaksudpenut urterhadapkeadaany angsebenarnya.
Dalam TOEFLy angpal ingmudahadal ahdenganmenget ahuidahulust r
ukturketi
ga
macam kal i
matpengandai an,kar
enakadangki t
at i
dakhar usmenget ahuimaknadar i
kali
mati tu.Strukturketiganyaadalah

TYPE1:
Fakt
ual
,absol
utedanhasili
l
miah
I
f+S+V( present
),S+V(
present)at
au
I
f+S+V( present
),S+wi
l
lV( dasar
)

Cont
oh:
Ifacat
alysti
sused,t
hereact
ionoccursmorer
apidl
y.
(at
au)
Ifacat
aly
stisused,
ther
eacti
onwilloccurmor
erapi
dly.

Mungki
nter
jadidimasadepan
I
f+S+V( present
),S+wil
l/can/
may+V(
dasar
)

Cont
oh:
Ifwefi
ndheraddr
ess,wewi
ll
/can/maywri
teherani
nvi
tati
on.
(at
au)
Wewill
/can/
maywrit
eherani
nv i
tat
ioni
fwefi
ndheraddress.

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page20
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se [
2020]

TYPE2:Adal ahpengandai
any angtidakterj
adidimasasekarang,pengandai
anini
senanti
asaberkebal
ikandenganf aktasekarang.Pengandai
aninidisaj
i
kandalam
bentukpast
.
I
f+S+V( past)
,S+woul d/coul
d/might+V(dasar
)

Cont
oh:
Ify
ouwentt
obedear
ly,
youwoul
dn’
tbesosl
eepi
nthemor
ning.

TYPE3: Adal ahpengandaian yangbermaknasesuatuyangti

dakter
jadi(
ti
dak
fakt
ual)padamasalal pastt
u( i
me).
I
f+S+hadV3, S+would/
coul
d/mighthav
e+V3
Contoh:Ifwehadknownt hatshepl
annedtoarr
ivet
oday,wecoul
dhav
emetherat
t
hebusstati
on.

Tipuntukmenyelesai
kanmasalahcondit
ionaladalahdenganmenguasaimasi
ng-
masingpol
adiatas.Soalcondi
ti
onalhar
uskitaketahuit
ipeny
amelal
uibent
ukverb
yangdi
gunakan.

Contohsoal
:
Ifhumanweret ot
all
ydepr
ivedofsl
eep,t
hey hall
uci
nati
on,anxi
ety
,coma,
eventual
l
ydeath.
(
A)experi
ence (C)woul
dhaveexper
ienced
(
B)wouldexperi
ence (
D)hadexperi
enced

Kitatahucondi
ti
onaldiat
asadalahti
pe2melal
uipenggunaan‘
were’y
angdi
ikut
iV3
(pola pasi
f)
.Jika kit
at ahu polatype 2,maka jawaban darisoaldiat as
adalah .

I
fwateri
sheatedto212degreesF.
, asst
eam.
(
A)itisboil
ingandescapi
ng (
C)i
twouldboi
landescape
(
B)itboilandescape (
D)i
twi
llboi
landescape

Pert
ama-t
amaki tatahubahwacondit
ionaldiat
asadal
ahtipe1mel al
uipenggunaan
‘
is’
.Jika ki
ta benar-
benartahu pol
at ype 1,maka jawaban darisoaldiat as
adal
ah .

Accordi
ngt
ohistor
ians,i
fNapol
eonhadnoti
nvadedRusia,he t
her
estof
Europe.
(
A)hadconquered (C)wouldhaveconquer
ed
(
B)woul
dconquer e (D)conquer
ed

Per
tama-t
amaki t
atahubahwacondit
ionaldiatasadalahti
pe3melal
uipenggunaan
‘
hadV3’yai
tu‘hadnotinv
aded’
.Ji
kaki
tabenar-benartahupolat
ype3,
makaj awaban
dar
isoal
di at
asadalah ___
___
___
_
At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page21
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ati
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se [
2020]

I
fAmeri
cansat
efewerf
oodswi
thsugarandsal
t,t
hei
rgener
alhealt
h bet
ter
.
(A)be (
B)wi
ll
be (C)i
s (D)woul
dbe

Pert
ama-t
amakitat
ahubahwaconditi
onaldiat
asadalaht
ipe2mel al
uipenggunaan
‘
V2’yai
tu‘
ate’
.Ji
kaki
tabenar
-benart
ahupolatype2,
makaj awabandarisoaldiat
as
adal
ah .

Exerci
ses
1.Ifi
t__
__sol
ate,
wecoul
dhav
ecof
fee.
(
A)wasn’
t (
B)i
sn’
t (
C)wer
en’
t (
D)notbe
2.I
fBob_
___wi
thus,
hewoul
dhav
eagoodt
ime.
(
A)woul
dcome (
B)woul
dhav
ecome (
C)hadcome (
D)
came
3.I
fI_
___
_thef
lue,
Iwoul
dhav
egonewi
thy
ou.
(
A)hadn’
t (
B)hadn’
thad (
C)di
dn’
thav
e (
D)woul
dn’
thav
ehad
4.I
fit_
___
__r
ain,
we’
l
lhav
ethepar
tyout
side.
(
A)woul
dn’
t (
B)doesn’
t (
C)di
dn’
t (
D)won’
t
5.I
fendanger
edspeci
es_
___
_sav
ed,
rai
nfor
est
smustbepr
otect
ed.
(
A)ar
e (
B)be (
C)canbe (
D)wi
l
lbe

PROBLEM 6:PASSI
VE–WORDORDER

Yangharusdiketahuidalam kal
imatpasifadalahpel akutidakharusselal
udiket
ahui.
Subj
ectkali
matpasi fbukanl
ahpelaku.Polakalimatpasi fadalah
S+t obe+V3
Yangdimaksuddengan‘ tobe’disi
nimeny esuaikanj umlahsubjectdantensesyang
di
gunakan,sehinggatobebi asanyaantaralai
n( ingat,meny esuai
kanjumlahsubject
dantensesyangdigunakan):

Pr
esent past per
fect modalbe(
present
) modalbe(past
)
i
s was hasbeen wil
lbe wouldbe
am was havebeen canbe coul
dbe
ar
e were hadbeen maybe mightbe

Actordalam kal
i
matpassi
vedi
sebutAgent
,jikakali
matpasi
fadaAgent,pol
any
a
adalah:
(S+tobe+V3)+by+Agent(bi
saorang,bendaat
auger
und(
Ving)
)
At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page22
 TOEFLPr
epar
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onCour
se [
2020]

Contohsoal
:
I
nt hest
ri
ngedinstr
uments,
thet
ones bypl
ayi
ngabowacr
ossasetofst
ri
ng
thatmaybemadeofwi r
eofgut.
(
A)theyproduce (
C)producing
(
B)areproduced (
D)thatareproduci
ng

Pert
amay angkitaperl
uketahuiadal
ahkali
matdi atasadalahpasifpresent,dar
i‘may
bemade. ’Berikut
nyaadalahmencar at
ipol obe+V3y angbenar ,yaituyang‘tobe’
nyapresentdansesuaidenganj umlahsubjeknya.‘Tones’jamakmakaki tamemakai
‘
are’(
present),danV3dar i‘
produce’adal
ahpr oduced.Kitatidakmemer l
ukansubjek
l
agi(dalam halini‘
they’
)karenasudahada‘ tones’,sehi
nggaki t
aTI DAKmemi l
ih(A)
tet
api .

Thefamousar chit
ect
,FrankLloydWr
ight
,wasgreatl
y whowant edhi
mto
st
udyarchit
ecture.
(
A)f rom hismotherinf
luence (
C)hismot heri
nfl
uencedhim
(
B)i nfl
uencingforhismother (
D)infl
uencedbyhismot her

Jawabanyangbenaradalah karenakit
at el
ahmenemukansubjeknya‘The
famousar
chit
ect’dan‘was’kemudianyangdiper
lukanadal
ahV3sebagaipelengkap
pasi
fdanmenempat kanAgentdenganbenarpadakali
matit
u.

Exerci
se
1.____di
scussedbyt
heboar
dofdi
rect
orswheni
twaspr
oposedagai
nbyt
he
super
visor
.
(
A)Thepr
obl
em hadal
ready (
C)Thepr
obl
em hadal
readybeen
(
B)Thepr
obl
em i
sal
ready (
D)Thepr
obl
em hasal
ready
2.Muchoft
hecar
nageoft
heel
ephant
s,gi
raf
fesandbi
gcat
s__
__uncar
inghunt
ers.
(
A)mustcommi
tby (
C)musthav
ecommi
tt
ed
(
B)mustbecommi
tt
ed (
D)musthav
ebeencommi
tt
edby
3.Thex-
rayt
reat
ment
s__
___upt
othet
imet
hathewasdi
smi
ssedf
rom t
he
hospi
tal
.
(
A)gav
edai
l
y (
C)basi
cal
l
yhav
egi
ven
(
B)wer
egi
vendai
l
y (
D)dai
l
yhadbeengi
ven
4.Thet
endencyt
odev
elopcancer
,ev
eni
nhi
gh-
ri
ski
ndi
vi
dual
s,canbedecr
eased
_
___
_ t
heamountoff
rui
tandv
eget
abl
esi
nthedi
et.
At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page23
 TOEFLPr
epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

(
A)t
oincr
ease (
B)f
ori
ncr
ease (
C)f
ori
ncr
easi
ng (
D)byi
ncr
easi
ng

PROBLEM 7:
NEED

‘
Need’dapatdi
gunakanuntukmenunj ukkankeperl
uanperbai
kan,bi
asany
aobj
ek
y
angperl
udiper
bai
kiadalahbenda.Adaduapolapenggunaan‘
Need’
S+need+V-ing dan S+need+t obe+V3

Yangdimaksuddengan‘tobe’disi
nimenyesuai
kanjuml
ahsubj
ectdantensesyang
di
gunakan,sehi
nggatobebiasanyaant
aralai
n(ingat
,meny
esuai
kanjumlahsubject
dantensesyangdi
gunakan)
:

Cont
oh:
Thi
spar
agr
aphneedsr
evi
sing.

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page24
 TOEFLPr
epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

Thi
spar
agr
aphneedst
ober
evi
sed.

I
fmor et
hanfivet housanddol
l
arsi
nmonetaryi
nstr
umentsist
ranspor
tedi
ntot
he
Uni
tedSt
ates,
ar eportneeds wit
hthecust
omsoff
ice.
(A)t
obef i
le (B)t
ofi
le (
C)fi
li
ng (
D)fil
e

Jawabandar
isoal
diat
asadal
ah .

Thebrakesneed___
___
(
A)adj usted (
B)t
oadj
ust
ment (
C)t
oadj
ust (
D)adj
ust
ing

Exerci
ses
1.Iti
stoohotandIt
hinkmyhai
rneeds…………….
(
A)cut (
B)cut
ti
ng (
C)cut
s (
D)cut
ted
2.Thef
lower
sneed……………….
ever
yday
.
(
A)wat
eri
ng (
B)wat
ered (
C)wat
ers (
D)t
owat
eri
ng.
3.Thi
scari
sal
way
sbr
oken.I
tneeds………….
.assoonaspossi
ble.
(
A)f
ixi
ng (
B)t
ofi
xi
ng (
C)f
ixes (
D)f
ixed
4.Isawt
haty
ourshoesar
equi
teol
dandbr
oken.It
hinkt
heyneed………….
.
(
A)change (
B)t
ochange (
C)changi
ng (
D)changes
5.Yourr
oom i
ssomessy
.Itneeds…………….
immedi
atel
y.
(
A)cl
eans (
B)t
ocl
ean (
C)cl
eani
ng (
D)t
ocl
eani
ng
6.Youhav
en’
tfi
nishedy
ourr
epor
tyet
.Itneeds………….
sot
hatIcanr
evi
ewi
tfi
rst
bef
orewepr
esentt
othedi
rect
or.
(
A)f
ini
sh (
B)f
ini
shed (
C)t
ofi
nish (
D)f
ini
shi
ng
PROBLEM 8:
PRONOUN

Yangperludii
ngatdaripronounadalahmerekamenggant i
kanNoun( benda/or
ang).
PronounpenggantimenyesuaikanNounyangdiganti
kandarisegiketentuan,j
umlah,
danposisi
nyadalam fungsikali
mat.Adaberbagaij
enispronoun:personalpronoun.
Possessi
vepronoun,r
elati
vepronoun,r
efl
exi
vepronoun,danreci
procalpronoun.

Contoh:personalpronoun
El
lenandIwi l
lgotot hebeachift
heweatherisgood.
Contoh:possessivepronounsebelum V-
ingdansebel
um kat
abenda.
Heregret
tedtheirmisunderst
andi
nghimi nthecase.

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page25
 TOEFLPr
epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

Hehur
thi
sar
m

Yangdapatmembant umenyel
esaikanpersoal
anpronounadalahbent uk-bentukny
a
keti
kaber
ubahposisiat
auf
ungsi
,sebagaimanaberi
kut:
Subjek Objek possessi
ve r
elati
ve refl
exiv
er eci
procal
I me my who/whom my sel
f
you you your who/whom yoursel
f
he him his who/whom himself
she her her who/whom hersel
f
i
t i
t i
ts which i
tself
we us our who/whom ourselv
es/eachot her
they them thei
r who/whom/ whi
ch themselves/eachot her

Contohsoal:
1.WhenFr ankl i
nRoosev eltbecamev er yil
l,
hiswifebegant oat akemor eacti
ve
rol
ei npolitics, andmanypeopl ebelievethat andt hepr esidentshared
hisresponsi bility
.
(A)her (
B)she (C)her self (D)her s
2.Accor di
ngt ol egend,becauset heI ndianPr i
ncessPocahont assai dthatshe
l
ov ed __ ____,Captai
nJohnSmi t
hwassetf ree.
(A)he (
B)his (C)him (D)hi mself
3.I n a par li
ament ar y syst
em, i ti s not t he monar ch but t he prime
minister .
(A)whom t her eal power (C)whohast her ealpower
(B)whom hast her eal
power (D)whot herealpower
4.Thej awst ructur eofasnakeper mit
si ttoeatanddi gestanimal muchl arger
than _ _.
(A)i t (
B)itsel
f (C)its (D)i thas
5.Busi nesspar tnercanusual lysellt
heirmut ual
lyownedpr opertywi thout
consul t
ing
unlesst heyhav eagreedtoasepar at
econtract .
(A)ot her (
B)otherone (C)onet heot her ( D) each
other

Exer
cise
1.Titowast
heonl
yfor
eigner Isawatt
heconv
ent
ion.
(
A)whom (
B)whi
ch (
C)who (
D)what
2.Theyf
orgotabout t
hem t
ojoi
nusf
orl
unch.
(
A)ust
oask (
B)usaski
ng (
C)ouraski
ng (
D)we

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page26
 TOEFLPr
epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

aski
ng
3.Ourhostf
ami
l
yal
way
sinv
itesmyr
oommat
eand t
othei
rhouseon
Sunday
s.
(
A)me (
B)my (
C)I (
D)mi
ne
4.Becauset
heyusual
l
yrecei
vet
hesamescor
eonst
andar
dizedexami
nat
ions,
t
her
eisof
tendi
sagr
eementast
o i
sthebet
terst
udent
,BoborHel
en.
(
A)who (
B)whi
ch (
C)whom (
D)whose
5.Ir
eal
l
yappr
eci
ate t
ohel
pme,
butIam sur
ethatIwi
l
lbeabl
etomanage
bymy
sel
f.
(
A)y
out
oof
fer (
C)t
haty
ouof
fer
(
B)y
ourof
fer
ing (
D)t
haty
ouar
eof
fer
ing
6.Doy
ouknowt
hewoman washur
tint
heacci
dent
?
(
A)whi
ch (
B)whom (
C)who (
D)whose
7.Iwoul
dli
ket
oleav
eamessagef
or i
fImay
.
(
A)t
hey (
B)t
hem (
C)t
hei
r (
D)t
hei
rs
8.Af
ewof ar
epl
anni
ngt
odr
ivet
oFl
ori
dadur
ingspr
ingbr
eak.
(
A)wegi
rl
s (
B)usgi
rl
s (
C)gi
rl
swe (
D)gi
rl
s
9.Thi
sist
hewoman t
hear
ti
stsai
dposedasamodel
fort
hepai
nti
ng.
(
A)who (
B)whom (
C)whi
ch (
D)whose
10.
Oft
hosewhot
ookt
heexam wi
thJaneand ,
Iam t
heonl
yonewho
st
udi
edf
ori
t.
(
A)he (
B)hi
s (
C)hi
m (
D)hi
msel
f

PROBLEM 9:
DETERMI
NERSDANNUMBERS

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page27
 TOEFLPr
epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

1. adanan
Yangperl
udi ket
ahuitent
angdet
erminer
saandanadal ahkeduanyabermaknasat
u
dandigunakansebelum bendadapatdihi
tungtunggal
.Adigunakansebel
um kat
a
yang di
awalidengan bunyikonsonan,sedangkan an di
gunakan sebel
um kat
a
berawal
anbuny i
hidup.

Contohsoal:
Sunspotsareknownt ocause enor
mousi ncr
easei
ntheint
ensit
yofthesun’s
el
ect r
omagneti
cradiant
ion.
(A)an (
B)a (C)some ( D)one
Karena kata‘enormous’di awal
ibunyihidup ‘ə’maka det
ermineryang tepat
adalah .

2 Ot herDeter mi
ners
Contoh-contohDETERMI NERS; (a)few,(a)lit
tle,many
,much,some, alotof/lotsof,
dsb. Penggunaan det er
mi nerst ergantung darikata benda ( NOUNS)y ang
di
gunakan.Ji kakatabendany adapatdi hitung(Count
ableNouns) ,makahar us
menggunakan( a)few/many .Tapij i
kakat abendany adapatdihit
ung( Uncountabl
e
Nouns) ,makahar usmenggunakan( a)litt
le/much.
Misal:few students,few people,few rooms,et c. manycar s,manypens,many
books.
Li
ttl
esugar ,l
it
tl
emoney ,li
tt
lewat er,etc. muchsugar ,muchmoney ,much
water

3 Car di
nalandOr dinalNumber s
Bilangancar dinaladal ahone,t wo,t hree, f
ourdst . Sedangkanbi langanor dinal
adalaht hefirst
,thesecond,t het hi
rd,thefourthdst.Duabi l
anganinidipergunakan
secaraber beda.Bi langancar di
naldipakaiuntukjuml ah,sedangkanbil
anganor dinal
dipakaiunt ukur utan( or
der). Bil
anganor dinaldi l
etakkandidepanbenday ang
diurutkanmi salnya:t hef i
rstsessi
on,t hethi
rdpar ty.Bi l
angancardinalbisapula
dipergunakanunt ukur utantetapiletaknyadibel akangbenday angdi ur
utkandan
ti
dakmemer l
ukan‘ the’.Misalnya:SessionOne,Wor ldWarTwo,Roundt en,dsb.

EXERCI
SES
1.Pl
easegot
o t
opi
ckupy
ouI
Dcar
d.
(
A)t
hir
dwi
ndow (
C)wi
ndowt
hir
d
(
B)t
hewi
ndowt
hree (
D)t
het
hir
dwi
ndow
2. I
fyouwantt
ofi
ndgoodi
nfor
mat
ionaboutgr
aduat
epr
ogr
amsi
ntheUni
ted
St
ates,
looki
n oft
heCol
l
egeBl
ueBooks.
At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page28
 TOEFLPr
epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

(
A)v
olumet
wo (
B)v
olumesecond (
C)t
hev
olumet
wo (
D)second
v
olume

3. Let
’sbuyourt
icket
swhi
l
eIst
il
lhav
e l
eft
.
(
A)af
ewmoney (
B)al
i
ttl
emoney
s (
C)af
ewdol
l
ars (
D)af
ewdol
l
ar
4. Ial
way
sputmybest i
nasaf
e-deposi
tbox.
(
A)j
ewel
ri
es (
B)j
ewel
ry’
spi
eces (
C)pi
ecesofj
ewel
ry (
D)pi
eceof
j
ewel
ri
es
5. I
t’
sashamet
haty
ouhav
e t
imei
nNewYor
kont
het
our
.
(
A)sof
ew (
B)sol
i
ttl
e (
C)af
ew (
D)al
i
ttl
e
6. Wehav
en’
thad newsf
rom t
hedi
sast
ersi
tesi
ncet
heear
thquake.
(
A)many (
B)qui
teaf
ew (
C)much (
D)some
7. JohnF.Kennedywas oft
heUni
tedSt
ates.
(
A)t
het
hir
ty-
fi
vepr
esi
dent (
C)t
hepr
esi
dentt
hir
ty-
fi
ft
h
(
B)t
het
hir
ty-
fi
ft
hpr
esi
dent (
D)pr
esi
dentt
het
hir
ty-
fi
ve
8. I
’
llhav
eacupoft
eaand .
(
A)t
wot
oast
s (
C)t
wopi
ecesoft
oast
(
B)t
wopi
eceoft
oast
s (
D)t
wopi
ecesoft
oast
s
9. Iwi
l
lneed aboutt
hecl
i
mat
ebef
oreImakeaf
inal
deci
sion.
(
A)af
ewi
nfor
mat
ions (
C)al
i
ttl
einf
ormat
ions
(
B)af
ewi
nfor
mat
ion (
D)al
i
ttl
einf
ormat
ion
10.Sendi
ng “
expr
essmai
l
”cost
saboutt
ent
imesasmuchassendi
ngi
t
“
regul
ardel
i
ver
y”.
(
A)mai
l
s (
B)amai
l (
C)api
eceofmai
l (
D)pi
ecesofa
mai
l
11.Ourr
eser
vat
ionsar
efor .
(
A)si
xthJune (
B)si
xJune (
C)t
hesi
xthofJune (
D)t
hesi
xof
June

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page29
 TOEFLPr
epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

PROBLEM 10: VEDANVERBWI

SUBJUNCTI SH

1 Subj uncti
ve
Kata-kataberikutinij
i
kadiikutiol
eh“ t
hat”kat akerjaberi
kutnyahar
usdalam bentuk
verb_1tanpa‘ s’atau‘ing’
.Kat a-kat
at ersebutadalah:ask,demand,desire,i
nsist
,
prefer,propose,recommend, r
equest,require,suggest
,urge.Kata-
kat
ainij
ugabi sa
dalam bentukkat abendany aataukatatsifat(bil
aada).Mi sal
nya:r
ecommendat i
on,
i
nsistence,proposal,i
mper ati
ve,i
mpor t
ant .dll
.

1.Al
’
sdoct
ori
nsi
sts f
oraf
ewday
s.
(
A)t
hathei
srest
ing (
B)hi
srest
ing (
C)hi
mtor
est (
D)t
hathe
r
est
2. Hi
sEngl
i
sht
eacherr
ecommendst
hathe ar
egul
ardegr
eepr
ogr
am.
(
A)begi
n (
B)begi
ns (
C)wi
l
lbegi
ns (
D)i
sbegi
nni
ng
3.Thedoct
orsuggestt
hatt
hepat
ient_
___
__mor
erestathome.
(
A)t
ake (
B)t
akes (
C)wi
l
ltake (
D)i
staki
ng
4. I
tisi
mper
ati
vet
haty
ou_
___
___t
her
einper
son.
(
A)be (
B)wi
l
lbe (
C)wi
l
l (
D)ar
e
5.Hi
sgov
ernmenti
nsi
stedt
hathe_
___
_ unt
ilhef
ini
shedhi
sdegr
ee.
(
A)shoul
dst
ay (
B)shal
lst
ay (
C)st
ayed (
D)st
ay

2 Ver bWish
Kalauadakali
matdengankata“wish”kemudi
andi
i
kuti
“that
”,makakali
mat
sesudahnya
dalam bent
ukpastt
ense(V2)untukPRESENTWISH,at
aupastperfect(
had+V3
atauCouldhave+V3)untukPASTWI SH.

1.Iwi
sht
hatI_
___
___gi
vespeechi
nfr
ontofmanyaudi
encest
oday
.
(
A)don’
thav
eto (
B)wasnothav
eto (
C)hadn’
thadt
o(D)di
dn’
thav
eto
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2.Wewi
sht
haty
ou suchal
otofwor
k,becauseweknowt
haty
ouwoul
d
hav
eenj
oyedt
hepar
ty.
(
A)hadn’
thad (
B)hadn’
t (
C)di
dn’
thav
e (
D)hadn’
thav
e
3.Iwi
sht
hatI_
___
___t
hecl
othesy
est
erday
.
(
A)hadn’
thad (
B)washed (
C)hadwashed (
D)hadhav
e
washed

PROBLEM 11:
KNOW /KNOW HOW DANWOULDRATHER

1 Knowv s.KnowHow
Perbedaanantaraknow andknow how t
oadalahpadakat
asetelahny
a.Jikakata
setel
ah
know adal
ahkat abenda( Noun)
,makakit
abisamengat
akan“know +( about
)the
noun
(s)
”.Tapij
ikakataset
elahnyaadal
ahkat
akerj
a(Ver
b),makaharusmemakai“ know
howt o+verb”.

EXERCI
SES

1.Doesy
ournewsecr
etar
y shor
thand?
(
A)knowt
otake (
C)knowhowt
ake
(
B)knowhowt
otake (
D)knowhowt
aki
ng
2.We_
___
__aboutMar
y’sengagementt
oJames.
(
A)knowt
o (
C)know
(
B)knowhowt
o (
D)knewhowt
o
3.Hedoesn’
t__
___
__,
buthet
ri
es.
(
A)knowt
odance (
C)knowhowt
odance
(
B)knowdance (
D)knowhowt
odanci
ng

2 Wouldrather
Mempunyaiarti“l
ebi
hsuka(pr
efer
)”.Ji
kakal
i
matnyaposit
ive,
susunanny
aakan
menj
adiseperti
ini:
 S+wouldr ather+ver
b_1 atau
 S+woul drather+have+Verb_3( j
i
kaadaket
eranganwaktu

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l
ampausepertiyest
erday,l
astnight,etc).
Namunji
kakali
mat nyadalam bent
uknegat i
ve,susunanny
aakanmenj
adi
seper
tii
ni
 S+wouldr
ather+NOT+Ver b_1at au
 S+wouldrather+NOT+hav e+Ver b_3.

Selainsusunany angsepert
idiat
as, woul
dr at
herj
ugabisamenj
adi
seperti
dibawah
i
ni,
bedany adengany angdiat
asadalahdidal
am kali
mat aadaduasubj
ny ect
,perhat
ikan
subjectnya:
 S+woul dratherthat+S2+Ver b_1 atau
 S+woul dr at
herthat+S2 +Ver b_2 atau
 S+woul dr at
herthat+S2 +PastPer f
ect(V3)

EXERCI
SES

1.I
’
d t
oJakar
tat
hanBandungt
oday
.
(
A)r
athergo (
C)r
athergoi
ng
(
B)r
atherhav
egone (
D)r
athert
ost
ay
2.Wewoul
d homey
est
erday
.
(
A)r
atherst
ay (
C)r
atherst
ayi
ng
(
B)r
atherhav
est
ayed (
D)r
athert
ost
ay
3.I
’
d t
heoper
ati
onunl
essi
tisabsol
utel
ynecessar
y.
(
A)r
athernothav
e (
C)r
athernott
ohav
e
(
B)notr
atherhad (
D)r
athernothav
ing

At
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S.Pd.
,M.
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PURPOSEANDRESULT,
PROBLEM 12: DANCAUSEANDEFFECT

Purposedanresultdinyatakandengansothat.Sot
hatdisini
berart
isehi
nggaat
au
agar.
Susunan“sothat”bisajugadipisahmenj
adi“so+adject
ive+that
”yangmungkin
bermakna“sangat+. .
..
...
.+sehingga/agar”
.

Susunanny
abisasepertiber
ikutini
:
“….
.Such+a+adj ect
ive+singularcountnoun+(t
hat
….)”At
au
“….
.So+adject
ive+a+si ngularcountnoun+that
…….”

1.Theonei
nthewi
ndowwas expensi
vet
hatIcoul
dn’
taf
for
dit
.
(
A)so (
B)t
oo (
C)t
oomuch (
D)v
ery
2.I
tis dayt
hatt
rav
eladv
isor
ieshav
ebeeni
ssuedf
ormostoft
hemaj
or
hi
ghway
s.
(
A)suchsnowy (
B)sosnowy (
C)suchasnowy (
D)suchsnowya
3. Idon’
tunder
standhowJohncoul
dhav
emade i
njudgment
.
(
A)suchbi
gmi
stake (
C)soabi
gmi
stake
(
B)suchabi
gmi
stake (
D)sobi
gmi
stake

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PROBLEM 13:
COMPARATI
VES

Bent
uk-bentukyangpali
ngumum dar icompar
isonadal
ah:
………….assoonas+Subj ect+v erb
…………..thesameas…………
………….di f
ferentfr
om ……….
………… equal to……………..
Themor e..
..
….,themore………. .
The…… adjective+er
,theadjectiv
e+er

UnequalComparison
Tambah“–er”unt ukkatasifat(adject i
ves)yangmemili
kisatuatau2syl
labl
e.
Misal
:smar t–smar ter,
thick–t hicker,cold–col
der,dl
l.
Tambah“mor e”untukkat asifat(adjectives)y
angmemi l
iki3syl
labl
e.
Misal
:modern–mor emoder n, di
ff
er ent–mor edi
ff
erent,bor
ing–mor ebori
ng.
Untukcomparisony angkatasi fat
ny aditambahdengan–erat aumore…biasany
a
di
ikut
i
dengan“t
han”y angber art
idaripada.

1.Iwi
l
lret
urny
ournot
esassoonas copy
ingt
hem.
(
A)Iwi
l
lfi
nish (
B)Idof
ini
sh (
C)If
ini
sh (
D)Ibef
ini
shed
2. t
hewor
seIseem t
ofeel
.
(
A)WhenIt
akemor
emedi
cine (
C)Taki
ngmor
eoft
hemedi
cine
(
B)Themor
emedi
cineIt
ake (
D)Mor
emedi
cinet
aken
3. Wewi
l
lhav
etobecar
eful
nott
ogetoursui
tcasesmi
xedupbecausey
our
sis
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2020]

al
mostt
hesame mi
ne.
(
A)l
i
ke (
B)t
o (
C)as (
D)t
hat
4. Mynewgl
assescostme t
hel
astpai
rthatIbought
.
(
A)t
imest
hree (
C)t
hreet
imesasmuchas
(
B)t
hreet
imesmor
e (
D)asmucht
hreet
imesas
5. Al
thoughshei
sver
ypopul
ar,
shei
snot hersi
ster
.
(
A)pr
ett
yas (
B)aspr
ett
y (
C)pr
ett
iert
han (
D)mor
epr
ett
y
t
han
6. Wear
egoi
ngt
oFl
ori
daassoonas t
aki
ngourf
inal
exams.
(
A)we’
ref
ini
sh (
B)we’
l
lfi
nish (
C)we’
dfi
nish (
D)wef
ini
sh
7. Thi
snewsoapi
snotmuch t
heot
her
sthatIhav
etr
ied.
(
A)di
ff
erent (
B)di
ff
erentt
han (
C)di
ff
erentf
rom (
D)di
ff
erentt
hat
8. Ms.Jonesi
sn’
tasni
ce Ms.Smi
th.
(
A)as (
B)f
or (
C)l
i
ke (
D)t
o
9. Ther
oomsi
nGr
aduat
eTower
sar
e Pat
ter
sonHal
l
.
(
A)l
argert
han (
B)l
argert
hant
hatof
(C)l
argert
hant
hosei
n(D)l
argert
han
i
n
10.We’
l
lbet
her
eassoonaswe ababy
sit
terf
orourson.
(
A)wi
l
lfi
nd (
B)f
ound (
C)f
ind (
D)ar
efi
ndi
ng

Aswel
las,inspit
eof ,despite,
but…also…
“aswellas”bisaber makna“also”.
Perbedaani nspiteofdandespiteadalahkit
at i
dakbi
samenggatakani
nspit
e,
melainkan“inspiteof ”
.Danuntukmenggunakan“ despi
te”
,ki
tat
idakbut
uh“in”
atau”of”.
“Both”sel
aludiikutidengan“and”,
tidakyanglai
nsepert
ifr
om /of/wit
h,dl
l
.
Susunanny aseper t
iini
:both………. .and…………

1. Bot
hMar
yandEl
l
en, Jane,
arest
udy
ingnur
singatNewYor
kUni
ver
sit
y.
(
A)aswel
las (
B)wel
l (
C)aswel
lto (
D)andwel
l
as

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2. Wehadadi
sagr
eement t
hebuswasl
ate.
(
A)becauseof (
B)causedof (
C)because (
D)caused
3. t
hel
i
ghtr
ain,
thebasebal
lgamewi
l
lnotbecancel
l
edunl
esst
heot
her
t
eam concedes.
(
A)Despi
teof (
B)Despi
tei
n (
C)I
nspi
te (
D)Despi
te
4. _
___
___
_hi
sweal
th,
hei
snotspoi
l
ed.
(
A)Despi
teof (
B)I
ndespi
te (
C)I
nspi
teof (
D)i
nspi
te
5. Wewer
ebot
hpl
eased honor
edt
obeguest
soft
hepr
esi
dent
.
(
A)al
so (
B)and (
C)al
i
ke (
D)as

PROBLEM 14:
BECAUSEDANBECAUSEOF

Perbedaanant
ara“because”dan“becauseof”dit
andaidengankat
ay angdigunakan
set
elahnya.Ji
ka katay ang di
gunakan adalah kat
a benda (
Noun),maka har us
menggunakan“becauseof ”.Namunj ikakatayangdigunakansetelahny
aadal ah
Subject
,makaharusmenggunakan“ because”
.

1.Bet
tymov
edf
rom t
hedor
mit
ory t
henoi
se.
(
A)because (
B)cause (
C)becauseof (
D)causedf
rom
2.Wehadadi
sagr
eement_
___t
hebuswasl
ate.
(
A)becauseof (
B)causedof (
C)because (
D)caused

At
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2020]

PROBLEM 15:
INDI
RECTSTATEMENTS

Indirectst at
ementadalahkal
i
matpernyataanyangdi
sampaikandengan
menggunakan
kat a-katatanya(5W+1H)danbukankali
matt any
a.Bi
asany
adi awal
idengankal
i
mat
per tamakemudi andi
sambungdengansalahsatudar
i(5W+1H) .
Mi sal:Idon’ tknowwhosheis. Idon’tknowwhenhewent .
Idon’
tunderst
andwhathesaid.

1.Wear
econsi
der
ingbuy
ingahousei
nGai
nesv
il
le,
butwewantt
ofi
ndout
t
her
efi
rst
.
(
A)whatt
het
axesar
e (
C)t
het
axeswhatar
e
(
B)whatar
ethet
axes (
D)t
het
axesar
e
2.Idi
dn’
thear whenhegav
eust
heassi
gnment
.
(
A)whatt
hepr
ofessorsay
s (
C)whatt
hepr
ofessorsai
d
(
B)t
hatt
hepr
ofessorsai
d (
D)whi
cht
hepr
ofessorsay
s
3. Iwonderwher
e .
(
A)hedi
dgo (
B)di
dhego (
C)hewent (
D)wenthe

At
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S.Pd.
,M.
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2020]

PROBLEM 16:
COMMAND

Commandadal ahkali
matper i
ntah.Ada2bentukyai
tuposi
ti
vecommand( per
intah),
dannegati
vecommand( l
arangan).Posi
ti
vecommanddimulaidenganverbtanpat o,
sedangkannegat
ivecommanddi bent
ukdengan‘
Don’t+ver
b_1’
.Unt uknegati
v e
commandt i
daklangsung,kit
amenggunakan…nott o+verb1.

1.Pl
ease phot
ocopi
esofdocument
s.
(
A)nott
osubmi
t (
B)donotsubmi
t(C)nosubmi
t (
D)not
submi
t
2.Pl
ease Ji
mmyt
oti
dyuphi
sroom.I
t’
sreal
l
yinamess.
(
A)t
ell (
B)dot
ell (
C)t
old (
D)t
otel
l
3.Thegov
ernmentwasur
ged_
___
_bi
l
ater
alr
elat
ionshi
pwi
thI
srael
.
(
A)est
abl
i
shed (
C)don’
test
abl
i
sh
(
B)nott
oest
abl
i
sh (
D)est
abl
i
shi
ng

At
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S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page38
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2020]

Pr
obl
em 17:
Eit
her/Nei
therdanSo/t
oo

Jikaadakal i
matper nyataannegat i
vedankit
aingi
nmengat akanhalyangsama,
yait
uper ny
ataannegat ive,makaki t
abisamenggunakankata“Neit
her+Modal/
KataBant u+Subj ect”,ataudengan“modal s/kat abant
u+not ei ther
.Untuk
kali
matpositi
ve,y
angdi pergunakanadal
ah“
So+modal/katabant u+subj
ect”at
au
“Subject+modal/kat abant u+too.”
1.Idon’
tli
kei
cedt
ea,
and .
(
A)shedoesn’
ttoo (
C)nei
therdoesshe
(
B)ei
therdoesn’
tshe (
D)shedoesn’
tnei
ther
2.Shecannotswi
m,and_
___
___
_
(
A)Ican’
ttoo (
B)ei
thercan’
tI (
C)nei
thercanI (
D)Ican’
tnei
ther
3. Hewon’
tli
ket
hisT-
shi
rt
,and_
___
___
_
(
A)Iwon’
ttoo (
B)ei
therwon’
tI (
C)nei
therwi
l
lI(
D)Ial
sowon’
t
4.Myhusbandl
i
vedathomebef
orewewer
emar
ri
ed,
andso .
At
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(
A)di
dI (
B)hadI (
C)Ihad (
D)Idi
d

BAB4
SECTI
ON2:WRITTENEXPRESSI
ON
PARTB

Bagian kedua sect i

on 2 adal ah PartB y ang berupa wr it
ten expr ession.Tekni s
pengerjaanny aadalahdenganmencar ierrorataukesal ahangr amatikaldal am Bahasa
Inggri
s.Penger j
aaninidal am PartBdisebutdenganEr r
ori dentif
icati
on.Kemampuan
dan penget ahuan tentang kalimatseper t
ipembahasan sebel umny aj uga sangat
membant udal am penger j
aanPartB.
Setiapsoaldal am Par tB ber
upakal imatl engkapy angdidal amny aterdapat
kesalahangr amati
kal.Tugaski taadal
ahmengenal ierrorter sebutdanmenj adikannya
sebagaij awaban.Pi li
hanber upakataat auf rasey angdi gar i
sbawahidanmasi ng-
masingdi labeliA,B,C,danD.Sal ahsatudaripil
ihanituterdapatkesal ahangr ammat ikal
yangakandi jadi
kanjawabansoal .
Tipe-tipepersoal an y
ang adadidal am Par tB samadengan dal am Par tA.
Sehingga25t i
pepersoal andiatas(daripul
uhant ipey angl ain),dapatki t
acont ohkan
dalam Par tB.Ki t
at etap mengacu pada penj elasan teor idua bel as t ype soal
sebelumny a.

PROBLEM 1:
POI
NTOFVI
EW

At
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Padabeber apasoaldiPar tBStr

uctureandWr ittenExpressi
on,andaakandi minta
mengi dent i
fikasikesalahanpointofv i
ew,y ai
tuhubunganant arakatakerj
adidal am
klausai nduk ( mai
ncl ause)danv er
bl aindidalam kali
matt er
sebut,ataubisajuga
verbsdal am kalimattersebutdenganket er
anganwakt u.Perludii
ngatkembalibahwa
verbdal am kal i
matmeny esuai
kanketeranganwakt u. Dalam kal
imat-
kal
imatberikut
perhatikanapakahv erby angadasesuaidenganver blai
nnyayangada,danatauapakah
verbter sebutt el
ahsesuai denganket
eranganwakt unya.

1. Al
thoughthereareapproxi
matel
y120i
ntensi
velanguagei
nst
it
utesi
n
(A) (B) (
C)
Uni
tedStatesin1970,t
herear
emor et
hanthr
eet i
mesasmanynow
(D)

2.Car
togr
apher
sdi
dnotmakeanaccur
atemapbecauset
hepol
i
tical
sit
uat
ioni
nthe
ar
ea

changessor
api
dlyt
hatt
heywer
enotabl
etodr
awt
heboundar
iescor
rect
ly
(
A) (B) (
C) D

3. Thi
syeardesi
gner
sareshowingver
ybr i
ghtcol
orsandst
ylesthatwer
ewor
n
(A) (B)
cl
osert
othebodythanthoseshownlastyear
.
(
C) (D)

4. EveronewhosawSt
y arWar
ssai dthati
tisoneofthebestsci
encefi
cti
on
(
A) (B) (C)
mov i
esthathadeverbeenr
eleased.
(
D)
5. Ift
herewerenoalter
nati
vewewi ll
trytogetenoughpeopl
eint
erest
edto
(A) (B) (C) (
D)
chart
erabus.

6. Bef
orehereti
redl
astApri
l
,Mr.Thompsoniswor
kingasf
orei
gnst
udent
(A) (B)
adv
isorf
orthi
rtyy
earsatCommunityCol
l
ege.
(
C) (
D)

7. Whenhetr
iedt
omakear eserv
ati
on,hefoundt
hatt
hehot
elt
hathewant
s
(
A) (
B)
wascompl
etel
yfil
l
edbecauseofaconventi
on.
(C) (D)
At
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,M.
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2020]

PROBLEM 2:
AGREEMENT

Padabeber apasoaldiPar tBSt ruct

ureandWr itt
enExpr essi
on,andaakandi minta
mengidentifikasikesalahanpadaagr eement . Agreementadal ahkesesuaianant ara
subjekdenganv erb,at
auant aranoundenganpr onoun,atauantarapronoundengan
pronounlainny a.Agarsesuai,subjekdanv erbharussama- samasingul
ar(tunggal)atau
sama-samapl ural(j
amak);agarsesuai ,pronoundengannounat audenganpr onoun
l
ainnyay angdi acu har ussama- samasi ngularatauplural, at
auharussama- sama
masculi
ne ( laki-
laki)atau f
emi ni
ne (perempun)at aunet ral
. Dalam kali
mat -
kali
mat
beri
kut,
per hat i
kanapakahsubj ekdanv erb,at
aupr onoundengannounsudahsesuai .

1. I
fonedoesnothav
erespectf
orhi
mself
,youcannotexpectot
her
stor
especthi
m.
(A) (B) (C) (
D)

2. WhathappenedatKentSt
atei
n1970wer
ether
esul
toft
hepr
esi
dent
’sor
der

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(A) (
B) (
C)
t
oinv
adeCambodi
a.
(D)

3. Thegovernor
,wit
hhiswi
feandchi
l
dren,ar
eathomewatchi
ngt
heel
ect
ion
(A) (
B) (C)
ret
urnsontel
evi
sion.
(D)

4. Thoseofuswhobelongt
otheNati
onal
Associat
ionf
orFor
eignSt
udent
(
A)
Aff
air
sshoul
dhavethei
rmembershi
psrenewedi
nSeptember.
(
B) (C) (
D)

5. Bot
hat
erm paperandaf
inal
exam i
srequi
redf
orChemi
str
y320.
(
A) (B)(C) (D)

6. Nei
thermytrav
eler
’schecksnort
hemoneyt
hatmyf
athercabl
edmear
e
(
A) ( B)
suf
fi
cientt
opayfortheti
cket
s.
(
C) (D)

7. Ther
ehav ebeenli
tt
lerai
ninthel
astt
wenty
-four
-hourper
iodbecauseofa
(A) ( B) (
C) (D)
hi
ghpressureareaovermostoft
hestat
e.

PROBLEM 3:
PARALLELSTRUCTURE

Padabeber apasoaldiPar tBSt ructureandWr i

ttenExpr essi
on,andaakandi minta
mengi dentifi
kasikesal
ahanpadast r
ukt urparal
l
el.Sturkturparall
eladal
ahpenggunaan
str
ukt urgramat i
kalyangsamaunt ukgagasant er
kaityangsamapent i
ngnya.Gagasan-
gagasan y ang ber kai
tan dan memi li
kit i
ngkatkepent i
ngan y ang seder
ajatinibisa
berujuddal am bentukdaftar(
li
st),atauder etyangdihubungkandengankat asambung
sepertiand, but at au or.Dalam kal imat-
kali
matber ikutperhati
kanapakahv er
bs,
adjectiv
e,keterangany angadatelahdi susunsecaraparallel
.

1. Thecommitt
eedeci
dedtocancel
itsl
awsui
t,t
oappr
ovet
hecont
ract
,and
(A) (B)( C)
thati
twoul
dadj
ournthemeeti
ng.
(D)

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2. Rockmusi
cisnotonl
ypopul
ari
ntheUni
tedSt
atesbutal
soabr
oad.
(
A) (
B) ( C)(
D)

3. Everydaythewatchmanwoul
dlockt
hedoor
s,t
urni
ngont
hespotl
i
ght
s,and
(A) (B) (C)
walkaroundthebuil
ding.
(
D)

4. Tocontr
olqual
it
yandmaki ngdecisi
onsaboutpr
oduct
ionar
eamongt
he
(A) (
B) (
C) (D)
manyresponsi
bil
i
tiesofanindust
ri
alengi
neer
.

5. Isuggestt
hatt
hei
nst
ruct
orreacttothesi
tuat
ionbychangi
ngt
het
ext
book
(A)
i
nsteadoftomodi
fyt
heobject
ivesofthecour
se.
(B) (C) (
D)

6. Dr.Johnson,thefir
stwomanel ectedpresi
dentoft
heUniversi
ty,
was
(A) (B)
i
ntell
igent
,capable,andawarenessoft hepr
oblemstobesolved.
(C) (D)
7. Theinsuranceprogram usedtoincludenotonl
yemployeesbutthei
rfami
l
ies.
(
A) (
B)( C) ( D)

PROBLEM 4:
REDUNDANCY

PadabeberapasoaldiPar tBSt r
uctureandWr i
tt
enExpr essi
on,andaakandi mint
a
mengident
if
ikasikesalahanpadar edundancy. Redundancyadalahpengulangankat
a
ataufraseyang tidakper l
u. Padakal i
mat -
kali
matber i
kut,perhat
ikanapakahada
pengul
angankataat aufraseyangt
idakperlu.

1.Someinter
nati
onalstudent
suseacassetterecordert
omaket
apesoft
hei
r
(
A) (B)
cl
assessothattheycanrepeatt
hel
ecturesagain.
(
C) (D)

2.Bl
oodpl
asmaiti
sthet
ranspor
tat
ionsy
stem f
oral
lofthewi
del
ysepar
ated
(A) (B) (
C)
or
gansi
nthehumanbody.
At
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(
D)

3.Iti
sagoodideatobecar
eful
inbuyi
ngorpurchasi
ngmagazi
nesf
rom
(A) (B) (C)
sal
esper
sonswhomaycomet oyourdoor.
(D)

4.Appoint
edbyt
heGeneralAssembl
yforf
iveyear
s,theSecret
ary-
Gener
alof
(
A) (
B)
theUnit
edNat
ionsmustactinani
mpart
ialmannertowardallmembers.
(
C) (
D)

5.Sincetherewasnotanycl
ari
ty,
thefarm worker
sref
usedtosi
gnt
henew
(A) (B) (
C)
contractandvotedt
ogoonstri
keinstead.
(D)

6.Menwhol i
vedthousandsofy earsago,l
ongbefor
ealphabetswer
edevised,
(A) (B)
theyusedpi
ctur
est orecordeventsandtocommunicatei
deas.
(C) (D)
7.I
fonedoesnotpickuphi sdr
ycleani
ngwithi
nthi
rt
ydays,themanagementis
(A) (B)
notobli
gat
edtoreturnitback.
(
C) (D)

PROBLEM 5:WORDCHOI
CE

PadabeberapasoaldiPar tBSt ruct

ureandWr itt
enExpr ession,andaakandi minta
mengident
if
ikasikesalahan pada pil
ihan kat
a( word choice). Word choi
ce adalah
pemil
i
hankat ayangmeny atakanmaknasebenarnyadar i
sebuahgagasan.Kadangkal a
per
lumemi l
ihkata-
katay angmi r
iptet
apimemili
kiart
iyangber beda.

1.Accor di
ngt ot
hePythagoreantheorem,thesum ofthesquaresoft
hesidesofa
tr
iangleis
A B C
equal asthesquar
eoft hehypotenuse.
D
2.Althoughy oumustgetoffwhil
et hebusisbei
ngcleaned,youmayleav
ey our
suitcase
A B
At
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andotherbel
ongi
ngsl
ayi
ngony
ourseat
s.
C D

3.Thefl
agovert
heWhit
eHouseisri
senatdawnev
erydaybyacol
orguar
dfr
om t
he
A B C D
Uni
tedSt
atesarmedf
orces.

4.Mr.Dav
ishadt
osel
lhi
sbusi
nessbecausehemadesomeunwi
sei
nvest
ment
sand
went
A B C D
br
oke.

5.Commer cial
sont heeducati
onaltel
evisi
onnetwor
karegener al
l
yshortercompari
ng
those
A B C
onot hernetworks.
D
6.Aftertryi
ngwi t
houtsuccesstotalkwiththem,Mr.Br
ownl osthispati
enceand
A B C
gavet hem thei
rwalkingpaper.
D
7.Theeconomycl assonmostai rl
inesissimil
arast
hefi
rstclass,butt
hereisusual
l
y
l
ess
A B C D
spaceassi gnedtoeachpassenger .

8.Sinceever
yonewouldl
i
ket
ofi
ndanapar
tmentneart
otheUni
ver
sit
y,t
her
ear
ever
y
few
A B C D
vacanci
esinthear
ea.

PROBLEM 6:STRUCTURE

PadabeberapasoaldiPar tBSt r
uctureandWr i
tt
enExpr essi
on,andaakandiminta
mengi
denti
fikasikesal
ahanpadaSt ruct
ure(struktur
). Struct
ureadal
ahpenggunaan
ver
bs,pr
onouns, nouns,modi
fi
ers,comparat
ives,connect
orsdllyangt
epat
.

1.Ofthetwolect
urer
s,t
hefi
rstwasbyfart
hebest
,par
tl
ybecauset
heper
sonwho
A B C
del
i
v er
edithadsuchadynamicst
yle.
At
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2.Thatmodernsci
enceknowstoassi
stwomenwhoareunabl
etogiv
ebi
rt
htobabi
es
A B
bynormalmeansisoneoft
hemi r
acl
esoft
hetwent
iet
hcentur
y.
C D

3.Aft
erhehadresear
chedhi
spaperandwr
otei
t,hef
oundsomeaddi
ti
onal
dat
athat
he
A B C
shoul
dhavei
ncluded.
D

4.Becauseoft
hel
i
ght
,theci
tyseemeddi
ff
erent
lyf
rom t
hewayt
hatIhadremember
ed
i
t.
A B C D

5.Thecolonel
wantedtor
etr
eat
,butthegener
ali
nsi
stedt
hathecont
inuedoev
ery
thi
ng
A B C
necessar
yinor
dertowint
hebatt
le.
D

6.Ther
earenotmanypeopl
ewhi
chadaptt
oanewcul
tur
ewi
thoutf
eel
i
ngsome
A B C D
di
sori
entat
ionatf
ir
st.

7.Bobwi
shest
hathi
swi
feunder
standswhyhehasnothadt
imet
owr
it
eherl
atel
y.
A B C D

8.Becauseoft
heacci
dent
,thej
udgef
orbadeJoeandmef
rom dr
ivi
ngf
orsi
xmont
hs.
A B C D

BAB5
SECTI
ON3:
READINGCOMPREHENSI
ON

Readi
ng Compr ehension merupakan Section 3 dar iTOEFL.Kemampuan Anda
membacadanmemahamii de,inf
ormasi,al
ur,ber
fiki
r,sudutpandangpenul
i
sdanlai
n-
l
aindi
ujidal
am secti
on3i ni.Adatipesoaldalam secti
on3y angseri
ngmunculdal
am
TOEFLantar
alai
n:
1.Previewing
At
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2.ReadingMai nI deas
3.UsingCont extsf orVocabul
ary
4.Detai
ls/Scanni ngforDetai
l
s
5.MakingInferences
6.Ident
ifyi
ngExcept i
on
7.Locati
ngr eferences
8.Referr
ingtot hepassage
9.danlain-
lain

Ada2macam t eknikyangumum di gunakandal am r eadingy aiu:Scanni

t ngdan
skimmi ng
Scanningadal ahteknikmencar isuatuinformasidal am tekst anpamemahamit eksitu.
Kitahany ainginmencapaisuat uletakinformasiy angki t
at ujudalam t eks.Tekni kini
ki
talakukandenganmengger akkanpandanganmat aki t
adengancepatdal am teks
menujukat akuncisudahki t
atentukansebel umny a,sepertimencarikat adal am kamus
ataunamadibukut elepon.Hali niseri
ngki talakukankhususny aket ikaper t
anyaan
menghar uskankit
amencar ideti
l,ref
erensi,r
eferri
ngt opassage, danlain- lai
n.
Sedangkan ski mmi ng adalahmembacat eksdengancepatsekal igusmemahami
i
nformasi ny
a.Hali nikitalakukanbi asanyaunt ukmenj awabper t
any aan-per t
anyaan
previ
ewi ngat auide-idebacaan,t opicdanl ai
n-l n.Ski
ai mmi ngbiasany aki t
al akukandi
awalunt ukmemahami /
mengenal iteks( t
opik,ide,letakkat a-kat
a/ phr ase/informasi)
untukper tamakal i
.

PROBLEM 1:
PREVI
EWI
NG

Risetmenunj ukkanbahwaakanl ebi hmudahunt ukmemahami apay angkitapahami

j
ikaki t
amenget ahuiideumum t ent angy angki tabaca.Pr eviewingber gunaunt uk
membangun i de umum dipi kiran ki tatent ang t opi cbacaan.Unt ukmel akukan
prev i
ewi ng,bacalahkalimatper tamadar it i
ap- tiappar agraphdankal imatt erakhir
dar ibacaanseepatmungki nkar enaki tati
dakmencar iinformasispesi f
ik,t
apihany a
mencar ipetunjuktentangt opicbacaan.Set elahi tut anyalahdi riAnda‘ tentangapa
teksi ni
’
Cont oh:
Abl ackhol eisar egi
onofspacecr eat edbyt het otalgrav i
tationalcoll
apseof
mat t
er.Itissoi nt
enset hatnot hing,notev enl i
ghtorr adiati
on,canescape.I nother
wor ds, i
tisone-waysur facethroughwhi chmat tercanf allinwar dbutcannotemer ge.
Someast ronomer sbelievet hatbl ackhol emaybef ormedwhenal argest ar
collapsesi nwar dfr
om i tsownwei ght .Sol ongast heyar eemi tt
ingheatandl i
ght
i
nt ospace,st arssuppor tthemsel v esagai nstt heirowngr avitati
onalpul lwi ththe
out wardt hermalpr essuregener atedbyheatf rom nucl earreact ionsdeepi nt heir
i
nt eri
ors.Buti fast arev entual l
yexhaust si t
snucl earf uel,theni tsunbal anced
grav i
tati
onalat t
racti
oncoul dcausei ttocont ractandcol l
apse.Fur thermore, i
tcoul d
begi ntopul linsurroundingmat terincludingnear bycomet sandpl anets,creati
nga
At
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bl
ackhol
e.

Daribacaandiatas,j
ikaki
taber
tanyatent
angapateksdiatasmakajawaban
ki
taadalah:Blackhol
e,setelaht
ahuitu,pi
ki
rankit
adanpengetahuankit
at ent
ang
l
uarangkasaakant er
tari
kkebacaan.It
uakanmembant ukit
amemahamimi sal
nya,
apayangmembent ukblackhole,
sif
at-
sif
atbl
ackhole,
dandeti
ll
ainnya.

PROBLEM 2:
READI
NGFORMAI
NIDEAS

Dengan pr
eviewi
ng yang di
gambarkan diatas,ki
ta dapatmembuati
de umum
t
entangbacaan,y
ait
ut opi
c.Tekni
kselanj
utny
aadalahmembacauntukmenemukan
At
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maini dea/idepokokat ausudutpandangpenul istentangsesuatu.Lebihjelasnya

Andamencar it
ahuapay angdiungkapkanpenul i
st entangtopi
ct er
sebut.Inibisa
ki
tat anyakankedi rikita,ji
kapar agrapht er
sebutdituli
sdalam 1( satu)kalimat
penti
ng, akansepertiapa?
Pertanyaan tentang mai ni deas dapatdiungkapkan dal
am ber bagaicar a
seperti
:(1)Whati sthemai nidea?(2)Whati sthesubject??(
3)Whati sthetopic(4)
Whatwoul dbeagoodt itl
e?
Maini deabi asanyamunculdiawalbacaan( wal
aupunbi saditengahdanakhi r)
.
Caranyabacal ahduakal i
matper tamadar ibacaanmakaakanAndat emukanmai n
i
deabacaani tu.

Cont oh
Formor et hanacent ury,despi
teat tacksbyaf ew opposi ngscienti
sts,Charl
es
Darwi n’st heor yorr evoluti
onbynat ur alselecti
onhasst oodf i
rm.Now,howev er,
somer espect edbi ol
ogistsarebegi nningt oquest ionwhet herthetheoryaccount s
formaj ordev elopment ssuchast heshi ftf r
om wat ertol andhabitat
ion.Clearl
y,
evolution hasnotpr oceeded steadi l
ybuthaspr ogressed byr adi
caladv ances.
Recentr esearchi nmol ecul
arbiology ,parti
cul ar
lyinthestudyofDNA,pr ovi
desus
withanewpossi bi
lit
y.Notonlyenv ironment alchangebutal sogeneti
ccodesi nthe
under l
y i
ngst ruct ur
eofDNAcoul dgov ernev oluti
on.

Duakali
matpertamabacaandiatasmenunjukkanbahwamai nideadaribacaan
t
ersebutadalah:Bi
ologi
stsar
ebeginningtoquestionDarwin’
stheory
.Juduly ang
t
epatunt ukbacaandiatas(j
ikadi
beribeber
apapi li
han)adal
ah:‘
Questi
onsabout
Darwin’
sTheory’

At
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PROBLEM 3:
USI
NGCONTEXTSFORVOCABULARY
Kont eksadal ahgabungankosakat adangr ammar( polakal i
mat )yangmel i
ngkupi
sebuahkat a,sehinggakont eksbi saber upakal i
matat aupar agr
aphat aul ebihluas
l
agi,bacaan.Kont eksbi samembant uki t
amemper kir
akan/ menebakar t
isebuah
kata.Ji kami salnyaAndapaham maknasebuahkal imat,Andaj ugat ahusecar a
umum maknakat a-
kat ay angadadal am kal i
mati tu.
Tanpakamus( y angt idakdiiji
nkandal am TOEFL) ,Andaakandapatmenebak
makna kat a-
katay ang di gari
sbawahipada bacaan ber ikutdengan memahami
kont eksyangmel i
ngkupi kata-
kataitu.
Att heageofsi xty-six,Har l
andSander shadt oauct i
onof fev ery
thingheownedi n
ordert opayi tsdebt .Oncet hesuccessf ulpr opriet
orofal arger estaurant,Sanders
sawhi sbusinesssuf ferfrom theconst ructionofanewf reewayt hatbypassedhi s
establ i
shmentandr eroutedt hetraffi
cthathadf ormer l
ypassed.
Withani ncomeofonl y$105amont hi nSoci alSecur it
y,hepackedhi scarwi t
ha
pressur e cooker,some chi ckens and si xtypounds ofseasoni ng thathe had
devel opedforfryingchi cken.Hest oppedatr estaurants,wher ehecookedchi ckens
forowner st osampl e.Iftheylikedit,heof feredt oshowt hem howt ocooki t
.Then
hesol dthem theseasoni ngandcol l
ectedar oyalt
yoff ourcent soneachchi cken
theycooked.Ther esti shistory.Eighty earslater,therewer e638Kent uckyFr i
ed
Chickenf ranchises, andCol onelSander shadsol dhisbusi nessagai n–t histi
mef or
overt womi ll
iondollar s.

Kont eks y ang melingkupikat at o auct ion dal am l ingkup luas adal ah bacaan
keseluruhan,lebi
hspesi f
ikpar agraphper tama,danl ebihdekatadal ahkal imaty ang
memuatkat atoauct iondanmaknat i
apkat ay angadadidal amny a.Kesel uruhan
bacaanmengungkappr oseskesuksesanf ranchi seFr i
edChi ckendar inol.Par agraph
mengngkapal asankebangkr ut
anHar l
andSander s,dankal imatAtt heageofsi xty
-
six,HarlandSander shadt oauct i
onof fev er yt
hingheownedi nordert opayi t
sdebt ,
menguat kankitamemaknait indakanHar landSander sy aitut oauct i
on,sebagai
ti
ndakan aas kebangkr utan dan pembay ar an hut angny a. Sehi ngga ki ta
meny i
mpul kanbahwaor angy angbangkr utdanhar usbay arhutang( debt )harus
menj ual(toaucti
onof f)bar ang-barangny a( everythingheowned)
Caramenebakkat adengankont eksy angdi jelaskanpadakat at oauct ionber l
aku
unt uksemuakat ay ang di garisbawahi .Padaakhi rnyaAndaakan t ahu bahwa
‘
pr opri
etor’semaknadengan‘ anowner ’(pemi l
ik),‘f
ormer l
y’semakna‘ int hepast ’
(dahulu),‘tosampl e’ar t
iny a‘tot r
y ’atau‘ totast e’(mencoba)‘ Roy al
ty’semakna
dengan‘ pay ment’
(pembay aran) .

At
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PROBLEM 4:
SCANNI
NGFORDETAI
LS
Setelahmembacasebuaht eks,Andaakanmenj awab enam hi nggasepul uh
pertanyaanmul tiplechoice.Per t
amabacasebuahper tanyaandant emukankat a
kuncipent ing,bi saber upanoun,v erb,at auadj ective.Kat at ersebutdi sebutkat a
kunciper tany aankar enamengandungpent i
ngpadakal i
mat .Set elahituger akkan
pandanganmat aki tadengancepat( scanning)padat eksmenemukankat akunci
yangki tacar i( atausi nonimny a).Dengandemi kianAndaakanmenemukanl okasi
dalam bacaany angmemuatj awaban/ i
nformasiy angdi perlukanunt ukmenj awab.
Bacabai k-bai ki nf or
masii tudanpi li
hlahj awabany angsemaknadengany angAnda
baca.
Bacalaht eksber i
kuti niset elahi tubacal ahper tany aan.Car ikat akuncidal am
pertanyaan.Kemudi anscanl ahbacaanmenuj ukat akunci atausi noni mnya.
Topr eparef oracar eerinengi neer i
ng, ast udentmustbegi npl anni nginhi ghschool .
Mat hemat i
csandsci enceshoul dfor mt hecor ecur ricul
um.Forexampl e,inaschool
wher esixteencr edithour sar er equi redf orhi ghschoolgr aduat ion,fourshoul dbe
mat hemat ics,oneeachi nchemi stry,biologyandphy sics.Ther emainingcr edits
shouldi ncl udef ouri nEngl ishand atl eastt hreei nt hehumani ti
esand soci al
sci
ences.Theav erageent eri
ngf reshmani nengi neeri
ngshoul dhav eachi evedat
l
easta2. 5gr adepoi ntav erageona4. 0scal einhi sorherhi ghschool .Al t
hough
defici
enciescanbecor recteddur ingt hef ir
sty ear,thest udentwhoneedsaddi t
ional
wor kshoul dexpectt ospendf iveinst eadoff ouryear stocompl eteadegr ee.

1.Whati
stheaver
agegradepointforanent er
ingfreshmaninengineer
ing?
2.Whenshoul
dastudentbeginplanningforacareerinengi
neeri
ng?
3.Howcanastudentcor
rectdefi
cienciesi
npreparation?
4.Howmanycredit
sshouldastudenthav einEngli
sh?
5.Howmanycredit
sarerequi
redforahi ghschooldiploma?

DenganprosesyangAndajal
ani
,makaAndaakanmenj
awab(
1)2.
5(2)i
nhi
gh
school
(3)byspendi
ngf
ivey
ears(
4)f
our(
5)si
xteen

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PROBLEM 5:
MAKI
NGI
NFERENCES

Seperticontohsebel umnya,seri
ngkal
idalam bacaan,ki t
amenemukanper nyataan
l
angsung t entang sebuah fakt
a atau i
nformasi,yang disebutdengan ev i
dence.
Namunadaj ugasebuahf aktaatauinfor
masitidakdiungkapsecar alangsung.Anda
harus mencar iev idence (bi
asanya berupa kali
mat -kal
imat) untuk mel akukan
i
nference.Inferenceadalahmembuatkesi mpulanlogisber dasarkanpemahaman
Andat er
hadapev i
dencediseputari
nformasiyangmenj adipert
anyaan.

Contoh:
Whenanaci di sdissolvedinwat er.Theaci dmol eculedivi
desintotwopar t
s,
ahydrogenionandanot herion.Ani oni sanat om oragr oupofat omst hathasan
el
ectri
calcharge.Thechar gecanbeei t
herposi ti
veornegat iv
e.Ifhydrochlori
cacid
i
smi xedwithwat er
,forexampl e,i
tdividesintohy drogenionsandchl ori
neions.
Astrongaci dionizestoagr eatext ent,butaweakaci ddoesnoti oni
zeso
much.Thest rengthofanaci d,ther
efor e,dependsonhow muchi tioni
zes,noton
howmanyhy drogeni onsarepr oduced.I tisinterest
ingthatnitr
icacidandsul fur
ic
aci
dbecomegr eatl
yionizedwher easbor icacidandcar bonicaciddonot .

1.Whatki
ndofaci
dissul
fur
icaci
d?
2.Whatki
ndofaci
disbor
icaci
d?

YangAndal akukanadal ahscanbacaandant emukankata/f

rase(1)sul
fur
icaci
d
dan( 2)bori
caci d.Konsent r
asipadakalimat-
kali
matpenerangannyahinggaAnda
bisameny i
mpulkandanmenget ahuijeni
sasam apadari
keduanya.
Jikasemuanyal ancarAndaakanmenemukan:
(1)A str
ongaci di oni
zesi ntoagr eatextent
,andsulfur
icacidbecomesgr eat
ly
ioni
zed.
Conclusi
on:Sulfuri
cacidisastrongacid.
(2)Aweakaci ddoesnoti onizessomuchandbor i
caci
ddoesnoti oni
zegreat
ly.
Conclusi
on:boricacidisaweakaci d.

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PROBLEM 6:
IDENTI
FYI
NGEXCEPTI
ONS

Keti
kakitamembacakitamengasumsi kanbahwasemuai nf
ormasiyangadadal am
bacaan benarmenurutteks i t
u sendiri
.Pertany
aan tipe i
nimembuat1 ( satu)
i
nformasiyangtidakbenar,ti
dakadaat autidaktermuatdalam bacaanber sama
i
nformasiyangbenarber
dasar kanbacaan,atausebagaipengecual
ian.Andatinggal
mencarimanadaripi
li
hantersebutyangt i
dakbenar/t
idakter
muatdalam bacaan.

Cont oh:
Allmusi cconsi stsoft woel ements–expressionanddesi gn.Expr essioni s
i
nexactandsubj ect i
ve,andmaybeenj oyedinaper sonalorinst i
nctiv eway .Design,
on t he otherhand i s exactand mustbe anal yzed obj ecti
v elyi n or dert o be
under stoodandappr eci
ated.Thef olksong,forexampl e,hasadef i
nitemusi cal
designwhi chrel
iesonsi mpler epetiti
onwithadefinit
ebegi nningandendi ng.Af olk
songconsi stsofonest anzaofmusi crepeat
edforeachst anzaofv er se.
Becauseoft heircommunal ,andusuallyuncer t
ainor iginf olkssongsar e
oftenpopul arversesett omusi c.Theyar enotal waysr ecorded,andt endt obe
passedoni naki ndofmusi calv ersi
onofor alhistory.Eachsi ngerr ev i
sesand
prefectst hesong.I npar tasaconsequenceoft hi scontinuousr ev i
sionpr ocess,
mostf olksongsar eal mostper fectinthei
rconstructi
onanddesi gn.Apar ti
cular
singer’sinterpr
etationoft hefolksongmaypr ovi
deani nterestingexpr ession,but
thesi mpledesignt hatunder l
iest hesongi t
sel
fisstableandendur i
ng.

1.Allofthefoll
owi ngi strueofaf olksongEXCEPT
(A)Thereisacl earst artandfinish.(Samadengan: definit
ebeginningandendi
ng)
(B)Theor i
ginisoft ennotknown.( Samadengan: uncertai
nor i
gin)
(C)Thedesi gnmaychangei nt hei nterpret
ati
on.(bertentangandengandesign
thatunderl
iest hesongi t
selfisst ableandendur i
ng)
(D)Simplerepet i
ti
oni scharacteristi
cofi t
sdesign.(samadengan:desi gnwhich
rel
iesonsimpl er epetit
ion)

Pert
anyaanEXCEPTI ON seki l
asber kesansuli
t.Yangdi perl
ukandisi niadal ah
kesabaran dalam mengkonf i
rmasii nformasiyang ada dit iap pil
i
han j awaban
denganinformasiyangsebenarnyadal am bacaan(lakukandenganscanningmel alui
katakuncidalam pil
ihanjawaban).Namunakanl ebi hmudahjikasemuai nf ormasi
Andasudahkuasaidenganbai k,sehinggaAndat idakper l
uscanning.Perlul at
ihan
banyakunt ukmelakukannya,y ai
tudenganmembacal angsungpaham dani ngat
i
nformasinya.Biasanya dalam pr osesnya memer lukan i
nter
est/
ketert
arikan luar

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bi
asat
inggi
tent
angt
eks/
inf
ormasi
yangdi
saj
i
kan.

PROBLEM 7:
LOCATI
NGREFERENCES

Setelahmembacasebuaht eks,Andaakandi ber iper tanyaant entangant ecedent

(kataacuan)dar isebuahpr onoun/kat agant i.Ant ecedentadal ahsebuahkat aatau
frasey angdi acusebuahpr onoun.Pr onounbi asber upaant ar alai
n:‘it
’,‘i
ts’,‘t
hem’
atau‘ t
heir’danAndahar usmencar iacuanny a.
Pertama, car i
lahkat agant itersebutdal am bacaan.Kemudi anbacalahkal imati tu
denganmenggant ipr onouny angadadal am kal imati tudenganmasi ng-masi ngkat a-
katay angadadal am pi lihanj awaban.Kat ay angt idakmer ubahmaknakal i
mat
setelahmenggant ipr onounadal ahpi lihany angbenar .Car al ainadal ahdengan
membacaf r
aseat aukal i
matsebel um pr onouni tu,kar enabi asany aantecedent ny a
disebutsebel umny asebagai pengenal anper t
amakal i.
Cont oh:
TheNat ionalRoad,al soknownast heCumber landRoad,wasconst ructedi nthe
early1800st opr ov i
det ranspor tationbet weent heest abli
shedcommer cialar easof
theEastandNot hwestTer i
torry.By1818,t her oadhadr eachedWheel ing,West
Virgini
a,130mi lesf rom i tspoi ntofor igininCumber land,Mar y l
and.TheCostwasa
monument althirteent housanddol larspermi le.
Uponr eachi ngt heOhi oRi ver,t heNat i
onalRoadbecameoneoft hemaj or
trader outest ot hewest ernst atesandt err
it
or ies,pr ovidingBal ti
mor ewi that r
ade
adv antageov ernei ghbor ingci ti
es.I nor dertocompet e,NewYor kStateaut hor i
zed
theconst r
uctionoft heEr i
eCanal ,andPhi l
adel phiai niti
atedat r
ansportationpl ant o
l
inki twi t
hPi t
t sbur gh.Townsal ongr i
ver scanal sandt henewnat ionalRoadbecame
i
mpor tanttradecent ers.

1.Theword‘i
ts’
inl
ine4refer
sto
(A)TheNor
thwestTer
ri
tory (C)Theroad
(B)1818 (
D)Wheeli
ng,WestVi
rgi
nia

Denganmenggant i‘
it
s’denganmasi ng-masingpil
i
hanj awaban,Andadapati‘t
he
road’ti
dakakanmengubahmaknadar iinfor
masikalimat:By1818,t her
oadhad
reachedWheeling,WestVirgi
nia,130mi l
esf r
om itspointoforigi
ninCumber land,
Mar yl
and.
Dengancar alainny
a( membacaf r
aseat aukalimatsebelumnyaber samadengan
konteks)Andaakandapat ibahwai tsAndadapat iantecedent
nyadal am:By1818,
theroadhadreachedWheel i
ng…………. .

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PROBLEM 8:
REFERRI
NGTOTHEPASSAGE

Referr
ingtot hepassagebi asany aadapadacomput er-basedToefl.Andadiminta
untukmenacar inomorbar isy angmengandungi nformasidal am pert
anyaan.Cara
melakukanny adal ahdenganmembacaper tany aanl alulakukanscanningterhadap
bacaanhinggaAndamenemukani nfor
masit ersebutkemudi antentukanpadabar i
s
keberapai nformasit er
sebutdal am bacaan,l alupi li
hj awabany angbenardengan
nomorbar isy angAndat entukan.Unt ukmenj awabdenganbenarper t
anyaanini,
Andaharuspaham bet ulmaknaper t
anyaany angdi ajukan.
Tips:meningkat kanskorToef ldapatdilakukandenganbel aj
arbahasaInggri
sterus
menerusdal am bent ukapapun.

EXERCI
SES

Passage1
Thel argestdi amondev erfoundi st heCul l
inanDiamond.Thisdiamondwei ghed
3,106car atsinitsuncutst at
ewheni twasdi scover
edinSouthAfri
caonJanuar y25,
1905.TheCul linanDiamondwascuti ntoni nemaj orst
onesandni nety-
sixsmall
er
ones.Thel ar
gestoft hecutst ones,andst i
llthelar
gestcutdi
amondi ntheworld,i
s
thepear -
shapedCul l
inanIat530car at s.Thisdiamond,whichisalsoknownast he
GreaterSt arofAf r
ica,ismor ethan2i nches( 5,4cm)longand1,75i nches(4,
4cm)
wide.Itbecamepar toft heBri
tishcrownj ewelsin1907.

1.Whati
sthebestti
tl
eforthi
spassage?
(
A) Diamondcutt
ing
(
B) TheWorld’
sBiggestDi
amond,UncutandCut
(
C) Measuri
ngDiamondsi nCarat
s
(
D) TheBri
ti
shCrownJewel s

2.Theword“uncut
”int
hel
i
ne2iscl
osesti
nmeani
ngtowhichoft
hef
oll
owi
ng?
(A) Fi
nished (
B)Unnat
ural (
C)Pear (D)whol
e

3.Thewor
d“di
scov
ered”inli
ne2iscl
osesti
nmeaningt
o
(A) Cr
eat
ed (B)Found (C)Bur
ied (
D)Wei
ghed

4.I
tcanbeinf
err
edfr
om t
hepassaget
hatt
heCul
l
inanDi
amondwascuti
ntohow
manytot
alst
ones?
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(
A)9 (
B)96 (
C)105 (
D)3,
106

5.Thewor
d“major
”int
hel
i
ne3coul
dbestberepl
acedby
(A) Wel
l-
known (B)Mil
i
tar
y (
C)Natur
al (
D)Bi
g

6.Whi chofthefoll
owingisNOTt rueaboutCulli
nanI?
(
A)I twascutfrom t
heCul l
inanDiamond.
(
B)I twei
ghs3,106carats.
(
C)I ti
sthebiggestcutdiamondi ntheworld
(
D)I ti
ssomet i
mescalledtheGr eaterSt
arofAfri
ca
7.Allofthefol
lowingaretrueaboutt heshapeoftheGreat
erStarofAf
r i
caEXCEPT
that
(
A)I ti
stheshapeofapear (
C)Iti
slongerthani
tiswide
(
B)I ti
s5.4centimeter
slong (
D)Iti
s4.4incheswide

8. Accor
dingtot
hepassage, whathappenedtoCull
i
nanI?
(A)Itremai
nedinAfr
ica.
(B)Itwascuti
ntosmallerstones.
(C)Itwascutandchangedi nt
ot heGreat
erSt
arofAfri
ca
(D)Itbecamethepr
oper t
yoft heBri
ti
shRoyalf
amily
.

9.Whereint
hepassagedoestheaut
hormenti
ontheCul
l
inanDi
amond’
swei
ght
whenitwasmined?
(
A)Lines1-2 (B)Li
ne3 (C)Line4-
5 (
D)Li
ne6

Passage2
Althoughhecr eat edthegameofbasket ballatt heYMCAi nSpr i
ngfield,
Massachuset ts,Dr .JamesA.Nai smi thwasaCanadi an.Wor kingasaphy sical
educationi nst ructoratt hei nternational YMCA, nowSpr ingfieldCol l
ege, Dr.
Naismi thnot icedal ackofi nter estinexer ciseamongst udent sdur i
ngt he
winterti
me.ThenewEngl andwi nterswer efierce, andthest udent sbal kedat
parti
cipat i
ngi nout dooract ivi
ties.Nai smi t
hdet erminedt hataf ast-mov inggame
thatcoul dbepl ay edindoor swoul df i
llav oi
daf terthebasebal l andf oot ball
seasonshadended.
Firstheat tempt edtoadaptout doorgamessuchassoccerandr ugbyt o
i
ndoorpl ay,buthesoonf oundt hem unsui t
abl ef orconfinedar eas.Fi nally,he
determinedt hathewoul dhav et oinv entagame.
InDecemberof1891, Dr.Nai smi thhungt wool dpeachbasket satei ther
endoft hegy mnasi um att heschool ,and,usingasoccerbal landni nepl ay erson
eachsi de,organi zedt hefirstbasket ballgame.Theear lyr ul
esal l
owedt hree
pointsforeachbasketandmader unningwi tht hebal lav iol
at i
on.Ev eryt imea
goal wasmade, someonehadt oclimbal addert oretri
ev ethebal l
.
Nev er
t heless, t
hegamebecamepopul ar.Inlesst hanay ear,
basket ball
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wasbei ngplayedi nbotht

heUnitedSt at
esandCanada.Fi
vey earslat
er,a
champi onshiptournamentwasstagedi nNewYorkCit
y,whichwaswonbyt he
BrooklynCent r
al YMCA.
Thet eamshadal r
eadybeenr educedtosevenplayers,andf i
vebecame
standard in t he 1897 season. When basket bal
l was i ntroduced as a
demonst rati
on spor ti
n 1904 Oly
mpi cGamesi n St.Louis,itquicklyspread
throughoutthewor ld.I
n1906,amet alhoopwasusedforthef i
rstti
met orepl
ace
thebasket ,
butt henamebasketballhasremai
ned.

1. Whatdoesthi
spassagemainlydi
scuss?
(A)TheOlympicGamesisSt.Loui
sin1904 (C)TheYMCAathl
eti
cpr
ogr
am
(B)Thedevel
opmentofbasketbal
l (
D)Dr
.JamesNaismi
th

2.Whenwast
hef
ir
stdemonst
rati
ongameofbasket
bal
lhel
ddur
ingt
heOly
mpics?
(
A)1891 (B)1892 (
C)1897 (
D)1904

3.Thephr
ase“bal
kedat
”inl
ine5coul
dbestbereplacedby
(A)r
esi
sted (B)enj
oyed (C)excell
edat (
D)wer
eexhaust
edby

4.Theword“
fi
erce”i
nli
ne4isclosesti
nmeaningt
o
(A)l
ong (
B)bor
ing (
C)extr
eme (
D)dar
k

5.Theword“them”i
nli
ne9r ef
ersto
(A)i
ndoor
s (B)seasons (
C)games (
D)ar
eas

6.Whereint
hepassagedoest
heaut
hordiscusst
hefi
rstbasket
bal
lchampi
onshi
p
tour
nament?
(A)Li
nes9–11 (
B)Li
nes12–15 ( C)Lines17–18 ( D)Li
nes
23–26

7.Whatdoestheaut hormeanbyt hestat

ementi nl
i
ne21–22: ”Whenbasketbal
l
wasintr
oducedasademonst r
ationsportint
he1904Ol ympicGamesinSt.Louis,
i
tquickl
yspreadt hr
oughoutt
hewor l
d”?
(A)Basket
ballwasnotconsideredanOl ympicsportattheSt.Loui
sgames.
(B)Basket
ballbecamepopularwor l
dwideafteri
tsintr
oducti
onattheOlympic
Gamesin
St
.Loui
s.
(C)Basket
ballplayersf
rom manycountriescompet
edi ntheOlympicGamesinSt.
Louis
(D)Basket
ballwasoneoft hemostpopul arspor
tsattheOlympicGamesinSt .
Louis

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8.Whydi
dNaismithdecidetoinv entbasketball
?
(
A)Hedidnotli
kesoccerorr ugby
(
B)Hewast i
redofbasketbal
l andf ootbal
l
(
C)Hewantedhisstudentstoexer ciseduri
ngt hewinter
(
D)Hecouldnotconvincehisst udentstoplayindoors.

9. Theaut
horment
ionsal
loft
hef
oll
owi
ngast
ypi
cal
oft
heear
lygameofbasket
bal
l
EXCEPT
(A)threepoint
swerescoredforev
erybasket
(B)runningwit
htheball
wasnotaf oul
(C)nineplayer
swereonat eam
(D)theballhadtoberet
ri
evedfrom t
hebasketaf
tereachscor
e

10. I
tcanbeinf
erredfrom t
hepassaget
hatt
heor i
ginal
basket
s
(
A)werenotplacedveryhi
gh (C)di
dnothaveaholeint
hebot
tom
(
B)hadamet alri
m (D)werehungonthesamesi
de

Passage3

In-stateresi dent satSt ateUni versitypayone- f

if
tht heamounti ntui t
ionf eest hatout -
of-stater esi dent sar er equi red t o pay.Thi sist ruebecauseSt ateUni versityis
suppor tedbyst atefundscont ributedi npartbythet axpay erswhor esidei nt hest ate.
Thel egalr esidencest at usofal lstudentsi sdet erminedatt het i
meoft heir
enr oll
menti nSt ateUni versityandmaynotbechangedunl esst heci rcumst ances
change.Forexampl e,anonr esidentmi norwhosepar ent sest ablishl egalr esidence
i
nt hest ateoranonr esidentadul twhoest abli
shedl egalr esidencei nt hest ateand
mai ntainsi tfort welvemont hsmaypet iti
onforachangeofst at us.
Per sonnelat tachedt omi li
tar
ybasesi nt hest atear enotel i
giblef orlegal
residencest at usunt i
lt heyhav el i
vedint hestateforoney ear.For eignnat ional swho
hav eent eredt heUni tedSt atesl egall
yandhol dgr eenr esidental i
encar dsmaybe
eli
gi bl
ef ori n- statest atust wel vemont hsaf t
ert hecar dhasbeeni ssuedpr ovided
thatt heyhav edocument ingev idencet hattheyhav elivedi nt hest at ef ort welve
consecut i
v emont hs.Accept ableev i
dencei ncludesei therast at ementf rom t he
telephonecompanyi ndicat ingt hattheyhav ehadat elephonei nt hei rnameatt he
placeofr esidencef oroney earorast atementf rom anempl oy ert hatt heyhav el i
ved
andwor kedi nt hest at ef oroney ear.Purchaseandowner shi pofpr oper tyint he
stat eort axr ecor dsi ndi catingpay menti nthepr eviousy earwi l
lnotbeaccept able
proof .
Student swhohav er easont obel i
ev ethattheyhav ebeencl assifiedi ncor rectly
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,M.
Pd. Page59
 TOEFLPr
epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

andarethuspayinghi
ghert
uit
ionf
eesmaysubmi
tthei
rcasesi
nwr
it
ingf
orr
evi
ews
bytheregi
str
ar.

1. Wit
hwhichofthef oll
owingtopicsist hepassagepr
imar
il
yconcer
ned?
(
A)Residencyrequirementsforst udent
s
(
B)Greencardsf orresi
dentaliens
(
C)Acceptableevidenceforresidentstatus
(
D)Tuit
ionrestr
icti
onsf ormil
itarypersonnel

2. Whydoresi
dentsofot
herstat
espayhi ghertui
ti
onatStat
eUni
ver
sit
y?
(
A)Becausetheydonothavegreenresidental
iencar
ds
(
B)Becausetheydonotpaytaxesinthestate
(
C)Becausetheydonotownhomesi nthestate
(
D)Becausetheyhav
enotbeencl assi
fi
edcor r
ectl
y

3. Theaut
hormentionsalloft
hef ol
lowi
ngopti
onsasevi
denceofr
esi
dencei
n
st
ateEXCEPT
(
A)astatementfrom thet
elephonecompany
(
B)astatementfrom anemployer
(
C)documentati
onoft wel
veconsecuti
vemonthsi
nthestat
e
(
D)ataxrecor
d

4. Theword“consecut
ive”i
nli
ne13i
scl
osesti
nmeaningt
o
(A)complete (C)accept
abl
e
(B)cont
inuous (D)document
ed

5. Theword“i
t”i
nli
ne7r
efer
sto
(
A)resi
dence (
C)change
(
B)stat
e (
D)stat
us

6. I
tcanbeinfer
redfrom t
hepassaget hatanout -of-
resi
dentpay
s
(A)fi
vetimest heamountthatani n-stater esidentpays
(B)twentypercentmorethanani n-stater esidentpays
(C)one-f
ift
htheamountt hatanin-stat eresidentpay s
(D)twi
ceasmuchasani n-stat
er esidentpay s

GOODLUCK!

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page60
 TOEFLPr
epar
ati
onCour
se [
2020]

At
iyaMahmudHana,
S.Pd.
,M.
Pd. Page61