Nilai limit fungsi trigonometri dapat dicari dengan mensubstitusikan nilai x ke dalam fungsi.
Nilai limit fungsi trigonometri tersebut tidak dapat berupa bentuk tak tentu, yaitu 0
0
Limit fungsi trigonometri dengang bentuk tak tentu , dapat diselesaikan dengan cara
menghilangkan pembuat nol.
lim f ( x) 0
x c g ( x) 0
1 sin x x tan x x
lim cos x = lim =1 lim = lim =1 lim = lim =
x 0 x 0 cos x x 0 x x 0 sin x x 0 x x 0 tan x
1
2. lim x = c f ( x) lim f ( x)
x c
7. lim = x c
x c g ( x) lim g ( x)
x c
3. lim k.f(x) = k lim f(x)
x c x c
8. lim
x c
f ( x)n = lim f ( x)
x c
n
9. lim n f ( x) = n lim f ( x)
5. lim (f(x) – g(x)) = lim f(x) – lim g(x) x c x c
x c x c x c
Contoh 1:
Hitunglah limit fungsi trigonometri berikut.
sin2 𝑥 sin 𝑥 sin 𝑥 sin 𝑥 sin 𝑥
a. lim = lim ∙ lim 𝑥 = 1 ∙ 1 = 1 atau lim ∙ =1∙1=1
𝑥→0 𝑥 2 𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥
1
cot 2𝑥 sin 5𝑥 5
f. lim csc 5𝑥 = lim ( tan 2𝑥
) = lim tan 2𝑥 = 2
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 sin15𝑥 𝑥→0
Contoh 2:
Hitunglah limit fungsi trigonometri berikut.
1−cos 2𝑥 1−(1−2 sin2 𝑥) 2 sin 𝑥 . sin 𝑥 1 2
a. lim = lim = lim = 2 ∙ 1. =
𝑥→0 𝑥 sin 3𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥 sin 3𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥 sin 3𝑥 3 3
1 1 1
1−cos 𝑥 1−(1−2 sin2 𝑥) 2. sin 𝑥 . sin 𝑥 1 1 1
2 2 2
b. lim = lim = lim =2∙ . =
𝑥→0 𝑥 tan 5𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥 tan 5𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥 tan 5𝑥 2 10 10
2−2 cos 2𝑥 2(1−cos 2𝑥) 2{1−(1−2 sin2 𝑥)} 2(2 sin2 𝑥) 4 sin 𝑥 .sin 𝑥
d. lim 𝑥2
= lim 𝑥2
= lim 𝑥2
= lim
𝑥2
= lim
𝑥 𝑥
= 4 ∙ 1. = 4
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥→0
Cara lain :
2 − 2 cos 2𝑥 2 − 2(1 − 2 sin2 𝑥) (2 − 2 + 4 sin2 𝑥) 4 sin 𝑥 . sin 𝑥
lim 2
= lim 2
= lim 2
= lim = 4 ∙ 1. = 4
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥
1 1 1 1
e. lim𝜋(cosec 2 𝑥 − cosec 𝑥 cot 𝑥) = lim𝜋 (sin2 𝑥 − sin x tan 𝑥
) = lim𝜋 (sin2 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 )
𝑥→ 𝑥→ 𝑥→ sin 𝑥
2 2 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
𝜋
1−cos 𝑥 1−cos 𝑥 1−cos 1−0 1
2
= lim𝜋 (1−cos2 𝑥) = lim𝜋 ( sin2 𝑥
) = lim𝜋 2 𝜋 = 12
=1=1
𝑥→ 𝑥→ 𝑥→ sin 2
2 2 2
Cara lain :
1−cos 𝑥 1−cos 𝑥 1 1 1 1
= lim𝜋 (1−cos2 𝑥) = lim𝜋 (1−cos 𝑥)(1+cos 𝑥) = lim𝜋 1+cos 𝑥
= 𝜋 = 1+0 = 1 = 1
𝑥→ 𝑥→ 𝑥→ 1+cos
2 2 2 2
Contoh 4:
Hitunglah limit fungsi trigonometri berikut.
1 (1 2 sin 2 12 ( x 1))
b. lim 1 2cos( x 1) = lim = lim 2. sin 2 ( x 1).sin 2 ( x 1) =2 ∙ 2 . 2 = 2
1 1 1 1 1
x 1 x 2x 1 x 1 ( x 1)( x 1) x1 ( x 1) ( x 1)
cos 2 ( x ) cos( x ) cos( x )
c. lim 2 = lim 2 2 = lim ( sin x)( sin x) =(−1)(− 1) = 1
x 0 x sin 4 x x 0 x sin 4 x x 0 4 4
x sin 4 x
2 2(1 sin 2 x 2 sin x. sin x
= lim = lim = 2.1.1= 2
x 0
x2 x 0 x. x
Cara lain :
2. sin x
2 sin 2 x 2 tan x sin 2 x 2 sin x cos x
lim 2 2 = lim = lim cos x 2
x 0 x x tan x x 0 2
x tan x x0 x tan x
cos 2𝑥 𝜋 𝜋
f. lim𝜋 𝜋 , misal 𝑦=𝑥−4 dan 𝑥 = 𝑦 + 4
𝑥→ 𝑥−
4 4
𝜋
untuk 𝑥 → 4 , maka 𝑦 = 0
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
cos 2𝑥 cos 2(𝑦+ ) cos(2𝑦+ ) (cos 2𝑦 cos −sin 2𝑦 sin )
4 2 2 2
lim𝜋 𝜋 = lim = lim = lim
𝑥→ 𝑥− 𝑦→0 𝑦 𝑦→0 𝑦 𝑦→0 𝑦
4 4
0−sin 2𝑦 − sin 2𝑦
= lim = lim = −1 ∙ 2 = −2
𝑦→0 𝑦 𝑦→0 𝑦
Cara lain :
𝜋 𝜋
cos 2𝑥 sin ( − 2𝑥) sin {−2 ( x− )}
2 4
lim𝜋 𝜋 = lim𝜋 𝜋 = lim𝜋 𝜋 = −2
𝑥→ 𝑥− 𝑥→ 𝑥− 𝑥→ 𝑥−
4 4 4 4 4 4
sin 3x
b. lim (1/2)
x 0 sin 6 x
tan 2 x
c. lim (1/2)
x 0 sin 4 x
sin x
d. lim (1/2)
x 0 x 2 2x
1 cos 2 x
e. lim (0)
x 0 sin 2 x
1 cos 2 x
f. lim (1)
x 0 x tan 2 x
cos 2 x 1
g. lim (-1)
x 0 2x 2
x sin 3 x
h. lim (3/8)
x 0 1 cos 4 x
sin 2 3x
i. lim (9/10)
x 0 5 x tan 2 x
3 cot 2 x
j. lim (9/7)
x 0 7 cos ec6 x
cos 2 x 1
k. lim (1/4)
x 0 cos 4 x 1
( x 2 1) sin 6 x
l. lim (-3)
x 0 x 3 3x 2 2 x
( x 3) sin( x 3)
m. lim (3)
x 3 x 2 4x 3
1 cos( x 2)
n. lim (1/2)
x 2 x 2 4x 4
sin 5 x sin x
p. lim ( 3/2)
x 0 4 x cos 2 x
cos x cos 2 x
q. lim ( 3/2)
x 0 x2
cos x cos 3x
r. lim (2)
x 0 1 cos 2 x
( x a)
s. lim (1/5)
x a (3x 3a) tan(2 x 2a)
( 4 x 4a )
u. lim (2/3)
x a sin(5 x 5a) ( x a)
sin( x) sin
a. lim 3 3 (1/2)
x 0 x
sin x sin
4 2
b. lim ( )
x
2
4 x
4
sin x 1
c. lim (0)
x
2 x
2
1 sin x
d. lim (0)
cos x
x
2
e. lim (
x) tan x (1)
x 2
2
sin x sin a
f. lim (cos a)
x a xa
cos 2 ( x )
h. lim 2 (1/2)
x 0 x sin 2 x
sin x cos x 2
i. lim ( )
x
1 tan x 2
4
sin x sin
3 3
j. lim ( )
x
3
3 cos x cos
3
1 cos 8 x
2. Nilai lim = ....
x 0 2 x tan 4 x
a. 1 d. 4
b. 2 e. 6
c. 3
1 cos 3x
3. Nilai lim = ....
x 0 1 cos 4 x
a. 3/4 d.10/16
b. 3/16 e. 2
c. 9/16
2 x 2 cos 4 x cos 2 x
4 . Nilai lim = ....
x 0 sin 4 x sin 2 x
a. – ½ d. ½
b. – ¼ e. 1
c. ¼
tan 4 x
5. Nilai lim =
x 0
1 sin x 1 sin x
....
a. – 4 d. 2
b. – 2 e. 4
c. 0
a.–0,5 d.–0,2
b.–0,4 e.–0,1
c.–0,3
2 sin 2 x
7. Nilai lim 2 2 = ...
x 0 x x tan x
a. 2 d. -1
b. 1 e. -2
c. 0
3x 2 tan x
8. Nilai lim = ...
x 0 sin 3x sin 3x cos x
a.–3 d. 2
b.–2 e. 3
c. 1
cos 4 x cos 2 x
9. Nilai lim = ...
x 0 sin 4 x sin 2 x
a.–1 d. 1
b. ½ e. 2
c. 0
sin x tan x
10. Nilai lim = ....
x 0 x cos x
a.–1 d. ½
b.– ½ e. 1
c. 0
4 4 cos 3x
11. Nilai lim = ....
x 0 sin 3 x tan 2 x
a.–1 d. 3
b. 0 e. ~
c. 1
tan 8 x tan 4 x
12. Nilai lim = ...
x 0 sin 4 x sin 2 x
a.–4 d.3
b. – 2 e. 4
c. 2
( x 3) sin( 2 x 10)
15. Nilai lim = ...
x 5 x 2 8 x 15
a. 0 d. 8
b. 2 e. ~
c. 4
1 sin x 1 sin x
16. lim = ....
x 0 x
a.1 d. ¼
b. ¾ e. 0
c. ½
tan x sin x
17. Nilai lim = ......
x 0 x3
a. 0 d.1
b. ½ e. ~
c. ¾
1 cos x
18. Nilai lim = ...
x 0 x2
a.1/8 d. ¾
b. ¼ e. 1
c. ½
1
a. d.
2
b. e.
2
c.
3
xk
20. Nilai lim ...
x k sin( 5k 5 x) 3k 3 x
a. ½ d.– 1/8
b. ¼ e.–1/4
c. 1/8
cos x sin x
2. lim
cos 2 x
x
4
cos 2 x
3. lim
x
1 tan x
4
4 x sin 6 x
4. lim
x 0 2 x tan 4 x
2x3
5. lim
x 0 sin 2 x tan 2 x
2
x x
sin cos
7. lim
2 2
x
1 sin 2 x
2
sin 4 x 2
8. lim 2 2
x 0
x tan 2 x x
1 cos2 x
9. lim
x0
x tan x x sin x
10. lim 4 2x
x2 sin(x 2 )
sin x sin
12. lim
x 2 x 2
tan( x 1) sin(1 x )
16. lim
x 1 ( x 2 2 x 1)
2 x cos 2 x
17. lim
x
2 2 x tan x
2
sin(2 x 2a)
18. lim
x a (3x 3a) tan(x a)
sin( x) sin
19. lim 3 3
x 0 tan 2 x
cos 2 ( x )
20. lim 2
x 0 x tan 3x
1 cos x
22. lim
x 0 1 cos 3 x
tan 2 x cos x
23. lim
x0 1 sin x 1 sin x
1 cos3x 6
24. lim
x 2 cos5 x 10 cos2 x 4
4 x 2 tan x
25. lim
x0 sin 2 x sin 2 x cos 3x
cos 2 x cos 4 x
26. lim
x 0 sin 2 x sin 4 x
tan x sin x
27. lim
x 0 x cos x
4 4 cos 4 x
28. lim
x 0 sin 2 x tan 3x
1 cos( x 3)
30. lim
x 3 x 2 6 x 9
1 tan x 1 tan x
31. lim
x0 sin 4 x
1 cos 3x
32. lim
x0 x tan 2 x