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BAB III
PEMBAHASAN

1. Definisi

Ventrikel Takikardi (VT) didefinisikan sebagai tiga atau lebih denyut

ventrikel berturut-turut yang terjadi lebih dari 100 denyut/menit. Dan juga adanya
kompleks abnormal dan durasi yang lebih panjang dari 120 ms. VT yang berlangsung
lebih dari 30 senconds disebut dengan VT sustained sedangkan VT yang
3
berlangsung kurang dari 30 detik disebut VT nonsustained.
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) dapat diklasifikasikan menurut durasi,
morfologi, dan efek hemodinamik. VT nonsustained berakhir secara spontan tanpa
mempengaruhi hemodinamik. VT sustained adalah VT yang berlangsung lebih dari
30 detik dan / atau membutuhkan intervensi untuk penghentian atau mengakibatkan
perubahan hemodinamik berat atau sinkop. Takikardia ventrikel digambarkan sebagai
monomorphic ketika setiap kompleks QRS sama dengan kompleks QRS berikutnya.
Ketika gelombang kompleks QRS selama takikardia jenisnya bervariasi, maka
diklasifikasikan sebagai VT jenis polimorfik. Torsades de pointes adalah bentuk VT
4
polimorfik yang sering dikaitkan dengan QT interval yang berkepanjangan.

2. Etiologi
Penyebab dari gangguan irama jantung secara umum adalah sebagai berikut :
- Peradangan jantung, misalnya demam reumatik, miokarditis karena infeksi.
Adanya peradangan pada jantung akan berakibat terlepasnya mediator-
mediator radang dan hal ini menyebabkan gangguan pada penghantaran
impuls
- Gangguan sirkulasi koroner (aterosklerosis koroner, spasme arteri koroner,
iskemi miokard, infark miokard). Arteri koroner merupakan pembuluh darah
yang menyuplai oksigen untuk sel otot jantung. Jika terjadi gangguan sirkulasi

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