TIP: MS 54-57
BAB Konflik Dunia (latar Belakang Perang Dunia)
3
Konflik dunia yang merangkumi Perang Dunia Pertama dan Perang Faktor Tercetus Perang Dunia
Pertama
dunia Kedua tercetus akibat perkembangan imperialisme dan
nasionalisme dalam persaingan merebut kuasa politik dan Persaingan Kuasa Imperalis
ekonomi. Disebabkan perkembangan
Revolusi Industri
Apakah faktor yang mencetuskan Perang Dunia Pertama Bersaing mendapatkan tanah
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- jajahan
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Pakatan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ketenteraan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakatan Kuasa Tengah
• Jerman / Austria-Hungary • Bulgaria/
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Empayar Uthmaniyah
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pakatan Bertiga
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Britain/Perancis /Rusia Serbia, Italia,
Romania, Portugal, Greece
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Krisis Rantau
Balkan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Berlaku akibat permusuhan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Austria-Hungary dengan Serbia
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • AH menuduh Serbia menghasut
rakyat Austria berketurunan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Serb berjuang membebaskan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- diri daripada Pemerintahan AH.
• Kemuncak krisis:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Pembunuhan Archduke
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ferdinand-Putera Mahkota
Austria Hungary dan isterinya
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sophie
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Oleh seorang pemuda Serbia
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Sebab Eropah terjerumus dalam
Perang Dunia Pertama
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TIP: MS 96-97
BAB Era Peralihan Kuasa British di Negara KIta
4
British Military Administration (BMA) atau PEntadbiran Tentera Ciri-Ciri Perlembagaan Malayan Union
Pentadbiran MU
British diisytiharkan di negara kita selepas tamatnya perang Dunia Kesatuan
-Negeri² Melayu Bersekutu, Negeri² Melayu
Kedua. Tindakan British melaksanakan pentadbiran Malayan Union Tidak Bersekutu dan Negeri² Selat kecuali
Singapura disatukan menjadi satu unit
telah mencetuskan bantahan besar-besaran daripada penduduk pentadbiran
tempatan. Ketua Pentadbir
- Diketuai Gabenor Jeneral yg dilantik Raja
Apakah ciri-ciri Perlembagaan Malayan Union. England
- Majlis Eksekutif dan Majlis
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Perundangan MU di bawah
kawalan Pesuruhjaya Tinggi
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- British
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Melayu Raja²
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Sultan menjadi Ahli Majlis
Raja² yg hanya bincang soal
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- agama dan adat istiadat
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Melayu
Kewarganegaraan -
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Melalui prinsip Jus Soli
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -Rakyat yang lahir di TM dan Singapura
- Mereka umur 18 tahun ke atas,
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- bermastautin selama 10 tahun hingga 15
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- tahun
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Mereka yg berumur kurang drp 18 tahun yg
ibu bapanya warganegara turut diberi
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TIP MS 100-101
Jelaskan reaksi penduduk terhadap Malayan Union Bantahan Akhbar Melayu
- Utusan Melayu (Singapura), Majlis (K.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Lumpur), Warta Negara (P. Pinang)
suarakan bantahan dgn keras, mengecam dan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- mengutuk MU krn rugikan orang Melayu
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Menyeru org Melayu adakan perhimpunan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- besar²an menolak MU
- Melaporkan perkembangan berita
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- penentangan terhadap MU
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bantahan Cendikiawan
a) Tokoh Pentadbir Melayu (penggerak org
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Melayu menentang MU dgn pelbagai strategi)
1. Dato’ Onn Jaafar
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. Dato’ Nik Ahmad Kamil
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. Za’ba
b) Bantahan wanita
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Tokoh wanita (barisan hadapan)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Cikgu Zaharah
Bantahan Persatuan Melayu
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Syarikat Bekerjasama Am Saiburi
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (SABERKAS)
2. Persatuan Melayu Kedah
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. Perikatan Melayu Perak
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4. Persatuan Melayu Selangor
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5. Persatuan Melayu Johor
Bantahan Bekas Pegawai British
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Pegawai tadbir British yg pernah
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- berkhidmat di TM
- Mengkritik rancangan MU
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Antara pegawai
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Frank Swettenham
Bantahan di Negeri²
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Kelantan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 15 Dis 1945 seramai 10 ribu org berhimpuan di
Kota Bharu semasa MacMIcheal minta
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- tandatangan Sultan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Kedah
- 19 Jan 1946 ribuan org Melayu Kedah berarak di
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alor Setar yg dianggap mencabul kedaulatan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- bangsa Melayu
Johor
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Jan 1946 Lembaga Kesatuan Melayu Johor
lancar gerakan menentang MU
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Perhimpunan disertai Persatuan Melayu Johor
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TIP: MS 134-135
Apakah ciri-ciri Persekutuaan Tanah Melayu 1948
Ciri-Ciri PTM 1948
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1.Pentadbiran
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -Gabungan 9 buah negeri Melayu + 2 Negeri²
Selat
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -Singapura kekal sbg tanah jajahan British yg
berasingan
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. ketua
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British yg mempunyai kuasa
eksekutif
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. Tanggungjawab kerajaan Persekutuan
bert/jawab dlm hal kewangan serta hal lain yg
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- mempunyai kepentingan bersama
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4.Badan Pentadbiran
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Terdiri drp 2 Majlis membantu Pesuruhjaya
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tinggi British iaitu
Majlis Mesyuarat Persekutuan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Mengandungi ahli rasmi dan tdk rasmi
- Ahli tidak rasmi pada peringkat permulaan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- dilantik Pesuruhjaya Tinggi
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. Majlis Perundangan
- Ahli terdiri drp pelbagai kaum
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.Kuasa Raja-raja Melayu
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Majlis Raja² dibentuk utk membolehkan
Raja² Melayu memberikan pandangan dalam
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- perkara tertentu
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6. Perundangan
- Majlis Perundangan Persekutuan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- diketuai oleh Pesuruhjaya Tinggi.
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7. Kewarganegaraan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Secara Kuat Kuasa Undang²
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TIP MS 136-137
Apakah kesan penubuhan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu 1948 Kesan Penubuhan Persekutuan Tanah
Melayu 1948
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mengembalikan
Kedudukan Raja²
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Melayu
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - kembalikan kuasa Raja² Melayu
- Majlis Raja² diwujudkan melalui
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- peruntukan perjanjian PTM 1948.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Menjaga Kedudukan
Istimewa Orang Melayu
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Mengiktiraf kedudukan istimewa
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- orang Melayu dan kepentingan sah
kaum lain
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Membuka Ruang
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Kewarganegaraan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Membuka ruang kepada orang bukan
Melayu menjadi warganegara
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Orang Melayu diiktiraf sebagai
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- penduduk asal yang diberikan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- kedudukan istimewa
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mewujudkan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Kerjasama Kaum
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Kerjasama kaum penting untuk
memupuk perpaduan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - PTM 1948 membuka jalan ke arah
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- kerjasama kaum melalui penubuhan
Jawatankuasa Hubungan Antara
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Kaum (CLC)
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TIP MS 178
BAB BAB 7: USAHA KE ARAH KEMERDEKAAN
7
Kekurangan pegawai tempatan dalam perkhidmatan kerajaan Ciri-ciri Sistem Ahli
menyebabkan Dato Onn Jaffar meminta agar tindakan diambil -Ahli bertaraf “Menteri” Menjaga portfolio
untuk menambah peluang pentadbiran kepada wakil tempatan yg mengandungi
dalam usaha menyediakan tanah Melayu kearah kemerdekaaan. jabatan dan agensi kerajaan
Cadangan beliau membawa kepada pembentukan Sistem Ahli -Satu sistem kabinet bayangan terdiri drpd
Apakah ciri-ciri Sistem Ahli beberapa pegawai tadbir dan
tokohmasyarakat
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tugas
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Mencadangkan undang-undang yg
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- berkaitan dengan jabatannya untuk
dibentangkan dalam MPP
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Dilantik oleh Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- dengan persetujuan Majlis Raja-Raja
- Diletakkan di bawah kuasa
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pesuruhjaya Tinggi
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TIPMS 220
BAB BAB 9 PERLEMBAGAAN PERSEKUTUAN TANAH MELAYU 19567
9
Kerajaan British telah bersetuju memberikan kemerdekaan kepada Membincangkan, menyusun dan merangka
Perlembagaan PTM yg merdeka
negara kita melalui Perjanjian Kemerdekaan Tanah Melayu.
Berikutan persetujuan ini dan setelah mendapat persetujuan Raja- 1) Memeriksa aturan perlembagaan yang wujud
di seluruh Tanah Melayu, mengambil kira
raja Melayu, maka Suruhanjaya Perlembagaan Persekutuan Tanah kedudukan dan martabat Ratu England dan
Melayu dibentuk yang akhirnya menghasilkan Perlembagaan Raja² Melayu
Persekutuan Tanah Melaya 1957.
2) Memberikan cadangan terhadap
Apakah peranan Suruhanjaya Perlembagaan Persekutuan Tanah Perlembagaan Persekutuan sebagai unit tunggal,
Melayu bebas dan berkerajaan sendiri dlm lingkungan
Komanwel berdasarkan Demokrasi Berparlimen
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Mewujudkan kerajaan pusat yg kuat dgn
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- kerajaan negeri juga mempunyai autonomi
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- tertentu
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Melindungi kedudukan Raja² Melayu sebagai
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Raja Berpelembagaan di negeri masing²
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5) Mencadangkan satu jawatan bagi ketua
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- negara iaitu Yang di-Pertuan Besar
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (kemudiannya dikenali sebagai Yang di-Pertuan
Agong) utk Persekutuan Tanah Melayu
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Mengadakan satu bentuk kewarganegaraan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- bagi Persekutuan Tanah Melayu
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7) Menjaga kedudukan istimewa orang Melayu
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- dan kepentingan sah kaum lain
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Apakah memorandum yang diterima daripada parti politik dan TIP MS 222
pihak awam kepada Suruhanjaya Perlembagaan Persekutuan Memorandum drpd Parti Politik dan
Pihak Awam
(Soal kewarganegaraan)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parti Perikatan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - menyuarakan cadangan melalui
memorandum dinamakan “Testament
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Amanah Politik Parikatan”.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Semasa menyediakan memorandum ini,
terdapat perbezaan pandangan tentang isu
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jus Soli dlm Perikatan
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - bbrp pihak dlm UMNO yg menolak
pemberian kewarganegaraan jus soli
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dewan Perniagaan Melayu
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -memohon mengetatkan warganegara
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Persatuan Dewan Perniagaan Cina
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- seMalaya
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - menggesa suruhanjaya membuat
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- peruntukan bagi kewarganegaraan menerusi
kelahiran
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Masyarakat India
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -menuntut kedudukan kewarganegaraan mrk
diteliti Masyarakat Serani - mahu hak
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- mereka dipertahankan
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