USHTRIMI 1 - SOLETA TRAPEZOIDALE

Te llogaritet soleta e paranderur kur jepen:

1. Sek. terthor faktik: d = 3 cm d1 = 5 cm

d2 = 5 cm b1 = 15 cm
b2 = 30 cm B= 200 cm
h= 50 cm tg a = 0.643
sin a = 0.541

d1=5
12.8

b1=15
3

.2
d=

83
h=50

d2=5
33°

b2=30

B=200cm

2. Seksioni llogarites: bf = b2 = 30 cm b= 2d/sina = 11.10 cm

b0 = 2d = 6 cm h'f = d1 = 5 cm
h= 50 cm B= 200 cm
hf = d2 = 5 cm b'f= 2*b1 = 30 cm
h-hf-h'f = 40 cm
b'f=30
h'f=5

h=50

b=11.1 (b0=6)
hf=5

bf=30
3. Ngarkesa e perkohshme: pn = 75 daN/m2 γf = 1.4

4. Betoni: C30/37
Rb = 170 daN/cm2 R= 370 daN/cm2
Rbt = 13.3 daN/cm2 R0= 300 daN/cm2
Rbt,ser = 20 daN/cm2
Eb = 330000 daN/cm2

5. Celiku: Rspn = 7000 daN/cm2

Rsp = R'sp= 3650 daN/cm2
Esp = 1800000 daN/cm2
v =Esp/Eb= 5.455
asp(1φ4) = 0.126 cm2
Rs = R's = 2150 cm2

6. Paranderje ne mbeshtetje, pa trajtim me avull. Gjatesia e pistes lp = 100 m

7. Lk = 12 m

Lk = 1200cm

8. Shtresat:
a) granil 1 cm ρ= 1800 daN/m3 γf = 1.2
b) h.izol 1 cm ρ= 1200 daN/m3 γf = 1.2
c) soleta ρ= 2550 daN/m3 γf = 1.1

9. Ngarkesat:
a) e perhershme
prej granilit 1 cm: 40.8 daN/m 48.9 daN/m
prej h.izol. 1 cm: 27.2 daN/m 32.6 daN/m
prej peshes vetiake: 203.8 daN/m 224.2 daN/m
prej monolitizimit: 20.0 daN/m 24.0 daN/m
292 daN/m 330 daN/m
b) e perkohshme
150 daN/m 210 daN/m

c) e plote 442 daN/m 540 daN/m

10. Momentet dhe forcat prerese

Mn = 7952 daN*m
M= 9715 daN*m
Qn = 2651 daN
Q= 3238 daN
Mn(vet) = 3669 daN*m
Qn(vet) = 1223 daN

11. Llogaritja e armatures

h'f/h = 0.1 > 0.05 sigurohet puna e perbashket mes vesheve dhe brinjes
Mpll = b'f * h'f * Rb * (h0 - 0.5 * h'f) + A'sp * σ'sp * (h0 - a'p) + A's * R's * (h0 - a')
h0 = h - ap = 47.5 cm
ap = a'p = 2.5 cm
A'sp = 4φ4 = 0.504 cm2
σ'sp = R'sp - γt * (σ'0 - σ'h) = 383 dan/cm2
γt = 1.1
σ'0 = 0.71 * Rspn = 4970 daN/cm2 σ0 = 0.71 * Rspn = 4970 daN/cm2
σ'h = (1000 - 2500) daN/cm2; e pranojme 2000 daN/cm2
Asc = A's = 0 cm2
a = a' = 2.5 cm
Mpll = 1156186 daN*cm
M= 971495 daN*cm < Mpll = 1156186 daN*cm
(elementi llogaritet me seksion katerkendesh kenddrejte me permasa b'f x h)
A0 = (M - A'sp * σ'sp * (h0 - a'p) + A's * R's * (h0 - a')) / (b'f * h0 * h0 * Rb)
A0 = 0.0837
ξ = 1 - sqrt (1-2*A0) = 0.0875
Asp = (ξ * b'f * h0 * Rb + A'sp * σ'sp + A's * R's) / Rsp = 5.860 cm2
numri i shufrave = Asp/asp(1φ4) = 46.51 * 1.2 = 55.81
pranojme 56 shufra φ4, me Asp te vendosur = 7.056 cm2

12. Kontrolli nga forcat prerese

Qb = φb4 * b0 * h0 * Rbt = 2274 daN < Q= 3238 daN
φb4 = 0.6
vendosim si armature terthore 3 φ 4/m = 0.378 cm2/m
qs = n * asp(1φ4) * Rsw / sw = 22.3 daN/cm
n= 2
Rsw = 2920 daN/cm2
sw = 33 cm

Qsb =sqr( 4 * φb2 * b0 * h0 * h0 * Rbt * qs) = 5667 daN

φb2 = 2

13. Karakteristikat gjeometrike dhe inerciale

Ared = b'f*h'f + bf*hf + b*(h-h'f-hf) + v*(Asp+A'sp) = 785 cm2

Sred = b'f*h'f*(h-0.5*h'f) + bf*hf*0.5*hf + b*(h-h'f-hf)*(0.5*(h-h'f-hf)+h'f) + Asp*v*ap + A'sp*v*(h0-a'p) =

= 18815 cm3

yp = Sred / Ared = 23.97 cm

ys = h - yp = 26.03 cm

Ired(0-0)=b'f*h'f^3/12+b'f*h'f*(ys-0.5*h'f)^2+ bf*hf3/12+bf*hf*(yp-0.5*hf)^2+b*(h-h'f-hf)^3/12+b*(h-h'f-hf)*
*(0.5h-ys)^2+Asp*v*(yp-ap)^2+A'sp*v*(ys-a'p)^2= 231729 cm4

Ws = Ired(0-0) /ys = 8901 cm3

Wp = Ired(0-0) / yp = 9669 cm3

rbr,s = Wp / Ared = 12.32 cm

rbr,p = Ws / Ared = 11.34 cm

14. Llogaritja e humbjeve

σh1 = σ3 + σ4 + σ7 + σ8 = 792 daN/cm2

σ3 = σ0 * (0.27 * σ0 / Rspn - 0.1) = 456 daN/cm2

σ4 = (λ1 + λ2) * Esp / lp = 36 daN/cm2

λ1 = λ2 = 0.1 cm

σ7 = ∆l * Esp / l = 300 daN/cm2

σ8 = lt * Esp / l = 0 daN/cm2

σ'h1 = σ3 + σ4 + σ7 + σ8 = 792 daN/cm2

σ1 = σ'1 = 400 daN/cm2

σb≡Asp = -N01/Ared - N01*e01*(yp-ap)/Ired(0-0) + Mn(vet)*(yp-ap)/Ired(0-0)

γt = 1

N01 = γt * (σ0 - σh1) * Asp + γt * (σ'0 - σ'h1) * A'sp = 31588 daN

e01 = (γt * (σ0 - σh1) * Asp * (yp-ap) - γt*(σ0 - σ'h1) * A'sp * (ys-a'p))/N01=

= 18.47 cm
σb≡Asp = -60.29 daN/cm2 <0.5*R0 nga ku del qe formula e humbj. sigma 2 eshte

k= 1

σ2 = k * v * R * (σb≡Asp) / R0 = 406 daN/cm2

σb≡A'sp = -N01/Ared + N01*e01*(ys-a'p)/Ired(0-0) - Mn(vet)*(ys-a'p)/Ired(0-0)

σb≡A'sp = -18.25 daN/cm2

σ'2 = k * v * R * (σb≡A'sp) / R0 = 123 daN/cm2

σh2 = σ1 + σ2 = 806 daN/cm2

σ'h2 = σ'1+ σ'2 = 523 daN/cm2

σh = σh1 + σh2 = 1597 daN/cm2

σ'h = σ'h1 + σ'h2 = 1315 daN/cm2

σ01 = σ0 - σh1 = 4178 daN/cm2

σ'01 = σ'0 - σ'h1 = 4178 daN/cm2

σ02 = σ0 - σh = 3373 daN/cm2

σ'02 = σ'0 - σ'h = 3655 daN/cm2

15. Llogaritja sipas formimit te plasaritjeve ne prerjet normale

A. Faza e mbingjeshjes

1) Etapa elastike
σbt (siper) < Rbt,ser

γt = 1.1

N01 = γt * (σ0-σh1) * Asp + γt * (σ'0-σ'h1) * A'sp = 34746 daN

e01 = (γt * (σ0-σh1) * Asp * (yp-ap) - γt * (σ0-σ'h1) * A'sp * (ys-ap')) / N01 =

= 18.47 cm

σbt (siper) = -N01/Ared + N01*e01/Ws - Mn(vet)/Ws = -13.39 daN/cm2

σbt (siper) = -13.39 daN/cm2 < Rbt,ser= 20 daN/cm2

Fibrat e siperme shtypen, plasaritje nuk lindin.

2) Etapa elasto-plastike
M<(Mpl)

M = N01*(e01-rbr,p) = 247691 daN*cm

(Mpl) = Ws*γ*Rbt + Mn(vet) = 544460 daN*cm

γ= 1.5

M= 247691 daN*cm < (Mpl) = 544460 daN*cm

Kushti plotesohet, plasaritje nuk formohen

B. Faza e shfrytezimit
1) Etapa elastike
σbt (poshte) < Rbt,ser

γt = 0.9

N02 = γt * (σ0-σh) * Asp + γt * (σ'0-σ'h) * A'sp = 23076 daN

e02 = (γt * (σ0-σh) * Asp * (yp-ap) - γt * (σ0-σ'h) * A'sp * (ys-a'p)) / N02 =

= 18.23 cm

σbt (poshte) = -N02/Ared - N02*e02/Wp + Mn/Wp = 9.33 daN/cm2 < Rbt,ser = 20

daN/cm2
Kushti plotesohet, plasaritje nuk lindin.

2) Etapa elasto-plastike
M<(Mpl)

M = Mn = 795152 daN*cm < (Mpl) = Wp*γ*Rbt + N02*(e02+rbr,s) = 897847 daN*cm

Kushti plotesohet, plasaritje nuk lindin.

16. Llogaritja sipas formimit te plasaritjeve ne prerjet e pjerreta

σ kryes. <= Rbt

σ kryes. = (σx + σy) / 2 + sqr(((σx - σy)^2)/4 + τ^2) =

σx = -N02/Ared = -29.39 daN/cm2 σy = 0 daN/cm2

τ = Q * Sred(0-0) / b0 / Ired(0-0) = 11.46 daN/cm2

Sred(0-0) = 4922 cm3

σ kryes. = 3.94 daN/cm2 < Rbt = 13.3 daN/cm2

Kushti plotesohet, plasaritje nuk lindin.

17. Llogaritja e uljeve

F = Fsh + (Fgj - FN02)*c = 0.717 cm < (F) = l/400 = 3 cm
c= 2 Kushti I uljeve plotesohet.

Fsh = 5 * pn * l^4 / 384/ Bsh = 0.623 cm

Bsh = 6.5E+10 daN*cm2= 0,85*Eb*Ired(0-0)

Fgj = 5 * gn * l^4 / 384/ Bsh = 1.212 cm

FN02 = N02 * e02 * l^2 / 8/ Bsh = 1.165 cm