Perhitungan
Sambungan Las
Sambungan Las
Sambungan las ada dua macam, yaitu:
- las tumpul
- las sudut.
Tegangan:
las =
= 0 ,6
2
a. Las Tumpul:
s1
s2
P
s=a
Flas
3
Contoh 1
Dua plat akan disambung dengan las lumer
bentuk tumpul, ukuran plat 1 = ukuran plat 2
10/60. Menerima gaya tarik sejajar
sumbu plat sebesar P = 3000 kg
= 1400 kg / cm 2
s1
s2
60 mm
Penyelesaian:
Flas = l net . a
a = 10 mm
l br = 60 mm
l net = l br 3a = 60 30 = 30 mm = 3 cm
P
3000 kg
=
=
= 1000 kg/cm 2 < 1400 kg/cm 2
Flas 3 cm x 1 cm
Jadi las cukup kuat menahan gaya yang bekerja pada
plat yang disambung tsb.
Contoh 2
P
l
Penyelesaian
Tebal las (a) = s = 0,8 cm
l br
= 300 mm = 30 cm
l net
= l br 3a
= 30(3x0,8) = 27,6 cm
Pindahkan gaya P pada kedudukan
las timbul momen M = P.e dan
gaya geser P
M
W las
Wlas =
2
al
=
6
2
3
x
0
,
8
x30
=
120
cm
6
15000 kgcm
2
2
=
=
125
kg
/
cm
<
1400
kg
/
cm
120 cm 3
1
4
1
2
D.S
=
b.I
l
xl
dimana:
D = P ; S = Sx las
b=a
las
; I = Ix las
S x = ( 1 2 .l.a ) x 1 4 l
Ix =
1
12
b.h
dimana:
b=a
h=l
8
Ix =
Ix =
1
12
1
a.l 3
3
4
x
0
,
8
cm
x
3
0cm
=
1800
cm
12
P .S x 1000 kg x 90 cm 3
=
=
a.I x
0,8cm x 1800 cm 4
= 694,44kg / cm < ok
2
b. Las Sudut:
- Arah gaya P // las
bidang retak
1/2P
P
s/t
s
a
45.00
a = tebal las
a = s sin 45o = 0,707s
s = tebal plat = panjang kaki las
9Las
P1
P2
l1
e1
e2
l2
e1 = e2 = b
e2
xP= 1 P
P1 =
2
e1 + e2
e1
xP= 1 P
P2 =
2
e1 + e2
11
P1
1 =
F gs 1
P2
=
F gs 2
= 0 , 6
note:
panjang las min (lmin) = 40 mm
panjang las mak (lmak) = 40 a = 28,28 s
12
Contoh 3
10/200
P1
P2
l1
e1
e2
l2
Penyelesaian:
s = 10 mm = 1 cm;
a = 0,707s = 0,707 cm
b = 200 mm = 20 cm;
e1 = e2 = b = 10 cm
P1 = P2 = P = 1000 kg;
l1 = l2 = lbr
13
Fgs = ln .a = 0,707cm. ln
=
F gs
F gs
F gs =
1000 kg
=
840 kg cm
= 1,19 cm
Contoh 4
Diket: Konst spt gbr.
Gaya P = 2500 kg; las
pada dua muka.
10/200
75.75.10
P1
P2
l1
b-e
B
e
l2
d x
b
y
= 1400 kg/cm 2
Penyelesaian:
Dari tabel profil, utk L 75.75.10 didapat:
b = 75 mm = 7,5 cm;
d = 10 mm = 1 cm
e = 2,21 cm
15
d = 1 cm a = 0,707d
a = 0,707x1cm = 0,707 cm
be = 7,5 cm2,21 cm = 5,29 cm
M
=0
P1 .b P .e = 0
P .e
2500 kg x 2 , 21 cm
P1 =
=
= 737 kg
b
7 , 5 cm
H = 0
P1 + P2 P = 0
P2 = P P1
P2 = 2500 kg 737 kg = 1763 kg
16
P1
ambil 1 = = 840 kg cm
1 =
F gs 1
F gs 1
F gs 1
P1
737 kg
=
=
= 0 ,877 cm
2
840 kg cm
0 ,877 cm
= 0 , 707 cm .l1 n
0 ,877 cm 2
l1 n =
= 1, 24 cm
0 , 707 cm
l1 br = l1 n + 3 a = 1, 24 cm + ( 3 x 0 , 707 cm )
l1 br = 3 , 361 cm < l min = 4 cm
ambil l1 br = 4 cm
17
2 =
Fgs 2
P2
ambil 2 = = 840 kg cm 2
Fgs 2
P2
1763kg
2
=
=
=
2
,
099
cm
840 kg cm 2
75.75.10
40 mm
52,9 mm
200 mm
las sudut
22,1 mm
las sudut
60 mm
19
9Las
P1
P3
e1
l3
P2
P3 = l3n .a.
l1
b
e2
B
l2
M A = 0
e1 + e2
P2 (e1 + e2 ) + P3
P.e1 = 0
2
P2 .b + P3 . 1 2 b P. 1 2 b = 0
P2 =
l3n = e1 + e2 3a = b 3a
M B = 0
e1 + e2
P.e2 = 0
P1 (e1 + e2 ) + P3
2
P1.b + P3 . 1 2 b P. 1 2 b = 0
P1 =
P 1 2 P3
P 1 2 P3
20
Contoh 5
10/100
l1
P1
P3
P2
e1
l3
e2
l2
21
e1 = e 2 P1 = P2
H = 0
P1 + P2 + P3 P = 0
P1 + P2 = P P3
P P3
P1 =
2
(10 . 000 4 . 680 ) kg
P1 =
= 2 . 660 kg
2
22
P1
1 =
ambil 1 = = 840 kg cm 2
Fgs 1
Fgs 1
Fgs 1
P1
2 .660 kg
2
=
=
=
cm
3
,
167
840 kg cm 2
= a.l1n = 0,707 cm .l1n
Contoh 6
Diket: Konst spt gbr.
Gaya P = 7.500 kg; las
pada tiga muka.
10/200
75.75.10
P1
P3
P2
l1
b/2
b/2
b-e
l3
B
e
l2
= 1400 kg/cm 2
d = 1 cm a = 0,707d
a = 0,707x1cm = 0,707 cm
be = 7,5 cm2,21 cm = 5,29 cm
Panjang las l3br diambil = b
l3br = b = 7,5 cm
l3n = l3br - 3a
= 7,5 cm - 3 x 0,707 cm= 5,379 cm
P3
ambil 3 = = 840kg cm2
3 =
F3n
P3 = F3n 3 = a.l1n 3
P3 = 5,379cm x 0,707cm x 840kg cm2
= 3.195 kg
25
M B = 0
P1 .b + P3 . 1 2 b P .e = 0
P .e P3 . 1 2 b
P1 =
b
7500 kg x 2 , 21 cm 3195 kg x 1 2 x 7 ,5 cm
=
7 ,5 cm
15 . 575 11 . 981 , 25 kgcm
=
= 612 ,5 kg
7 ,5 cm
H = 0
P1 + P2 + P3 P = 0
P2 = P P1 P3
P2 = 7 . 500 kg 3 . 195 kg 612 , 5 kg = 3 . 692 , 5 kg
26
P1
ambil 1 = = 840 kg cm 2
1 =
F gs 1
F gs 1
F gs 1
P1
612 ,5 kg
2
cm
=
=
=
0
,
729
840 kg cm 2
= a .l1 n = 0 , 707 cm .l1 n
27
P2
2 =
ambil 2 = = 840 kg cm 2
Fgs 2
Fgs 2 =
P2
3 .692 ,5 kg
2
=
4
,
396
cm
840 kg cm 2
Fgs 2 = a .l 2 n = 0 ,707 cm .l 2 n
4 ,396 cm 2 = 0 ,707 cm .l 2 n
4 ,396 cm 2
l2 n =
= 6 , 218 cm
0 ,707 cm
l 2 br = l 2 n + 3 a = 6 , 218 cm + (3 x 0 ,707 cm )
l1br = 8,339 cm 9 cm
28
7 5 .7 5 .1 0
40 m m
la s s u d u t
5 2 ,9 m m
75 m m
200 m m
2 2 ,1 m m
90 m m
la s s u d u t
Resume:
Panjang las l1= 4 cm
l2 = 9 cm
l3= 7,5 cm
29
1/2P
s1
s2
67.50
las atas
P
P
las bawah
1/2P
a
45.00
D
= 0 ,6
F gs
N
F tr
+ 3
Fgs1
Fgs 2
Fgs 2 = l2 n .a2
l2 n = l2br 3a2 a2 = 0,707 s2
33
P1
1 =
Ftr1
Ftr 2
Ftr 2 = l2 n .a2
i1 = 12 + 3 12
i 2 = 2 2 + 3 2 2
34
Contoh 7
8/100
10/100
P1
P2
s2
Penyelesaian:
s1
0,8cm
P1 =
.P =
x 5 .000 kg = 2 .222 kg
s1 + s1
0,8cm + 1cm
H = 0 P2 = P P1 = 5 .000 kg 2 .222 kg = 2778 kg
Las atas
P1
2.222kg
2
kg
cm
1 =
=
=
473
2
Fgs1 8,302 x 0,566cm
P1
1 =
= 473 kg cm 2
Ftr1
36
Las bawah
2 =
P2
2.778kg
2
kg
cm
=
=
499
2
Fgs 2 7,879x 0,707cm
P2
2 =
= 499 kg cm 2
Ftr 2
37