TUGAS POLIGON DAN WATERPAS

ILMU UKUR TANAH

OLEH :
ALGAIL GREZELDA GUMINTANG

1541320027 / 03

1 MRK 3

JURUSAN TEKNIK SIPIL

POLITEKNIK NEGERI MALANG
2016
 BAB I

SOAL

1. Data hasil pembacaan rambu pada pengukuran waterpas jalur tertutup sebagai
berikut :

RAMBU BELAKANG RAMBU MUKA DAN

NO (cm) PROFIL (cm)
TITIK
BA BT BB BA BT BB

P 153 148 143 A 232.5 225.7 219

A 122.4 116.4 110.5 B 109.3 106 102.5

B 57.3 48.1 38.8 C 101.9 95.8 89.5

C 88.9 82.5 76.1 D 25.5 16.2 7.3

D 124.4 118.9 113.3 E 82.9 76.7 70.4
E 140 136.8 132.9 P 132.2 128.3 124.4
Hitung Elevasi (H) titik A,B,C,D,E sesuai prosedur, pada jaringan tersebut, jika Hp
= 100,325 meter. (Hp + No. urut absen = 100,325 + 3= 103,325 m)
 2. Data hasil pengukuran “sudut dalam” dan jarak mendatar suatu polion
tertutup sbb :

PEMBACAAN ARAH HORIZONTAL

TINGGI

TARGET
T.PSWT

JARAK
ALAT
(meter)
(meter)
ͦ ‘ "
A 1.500 U 0 0 0
B 179 53 0
E 50 30 45
A 1.450
B 179 53 0
42.550
A 216 15 0
B 1.420
C 306 17 40
37.020
B 287 56 30
C 1.474
D 18 28 20
56.350
C 56 39 20
D 1.410
E 148 22 15
19.730
D 321 58 45
E 1.502
A 100 20 30
23.130
E 50 34 20
A 1.602
B 179 1 15

Jika diketahui koordinat titik a : XA = -50,000 meter ; YA=15,000 meter

A. Gambarlah (sket) poligon tersebut sesuai data

B. Hitunglah koordinat poligon sesuai prosedur
catatan : koordinat awal (XA,YA) + no. urut absen (meter)
(XA = -47,000 meter ; YA = 18,000 meter)
 BAB II

PENYELESAIAN

SOAL 1

Menghitung Jarak

D = 100 x (BA − BB)

 DAP = 100 x ((BAP + BAA ) − (BBP + BBA ))

DAP = 100 x ((153,0 + 232,5) − (143,0 + 219,0))

DAP = 2350 cm

 DAB = 100 x ((BAA + BAB ) − (BBA + BBB ))

DAB = 100 x ((122,4 + 109,3) − (110,5 + 102,5))

DAB = 1.870 cm

 DBC = 100 x ((BAB + BAC ) − (BBB + BBC ))

DBC = 100 x (( `157,3 + 101,9) − (38,3 + 89,5))

DBC = 3.090 cm

 DCD = 100 x ((BAC + BAD ) − (BBC + BBD ))

DCD = 100 x ((88,9 + 25,5) − (76,1 + 7,3))

DCD = 3.100 cm

 DDE = 100 x ((BAD + BAE ) − (BBD + BBE ))

DDE = 100 x ((124,4 + 82,9) − (133,3 + 70,4))

DDE = 2.360 cm

 DEF = 100 x ((BAE + BAF ) − (BBE + BBF ))

DEF = 100 x ((140,0 + 132,2) − (132,9 + 124,4))

 DEF = 1.490 cm

∑ D = DAB + DBC + DCD + DDE + DEF

∑ D = 1.870 + 3.090 + 3.100 + 2.360 + 1.490 = 14.260 cm

Menghitung Beda Tinggi

∆h = BTblk − BTmk

 ∆hPA = BTP − BTA

∆hPA = 148 − 225,7 = −77,7 cm ≈ −0,777 m

 ∆hAB = BTA − BTB

∆hAB = 116,4 − 10,6 = 10,4 cm ≈ 0,104 m

 ∆hBC = BTB − BTC

∆hBC = 48,1 − 95,8 = −47,7 cm ≈ −0,477 m

 ∆hCD = BTC − BTD

∆hCD = 82,5 − 16,2 = 66,3 cm ≈ 0,633 m

 ∆hDE = BTD − BTE

∆hDE = 118,9 − 76,7 = 42,2 cm ≈ 0,422 m

 ∆hEP = BTE − BTP

∆hEP = 136,8 − 128,3 = 8,5 cm ≈ 0,085 𝑚

∑ ∆h = ∆hPA + ∆hAB + ∆hBC + ∆hCD + ∆hDE + ∆hEP

∑ ∆h = −77,7 + 10,4 + −47,7 + 66,3 + 42,2 + 8,5 = 2 cm ≈ 0,002 m

Menghitung Koreksi Beda Tinggi

d
δh = x(−fh)
∑d

dPA
 δhPA = ∑d
x(−fh)

2.350
δhPA = 14.260 x(−2) = −0,3296 cm ≈ -0,0033 m

dAB
 δhAB = ∑d
x(−fh)

1.870
δhAB = 14.260 x(−2) = −0,2623 cm ≈ -0,0026 m

dBC
 δhBC = ∑d
x(−fh)

3.090
δhBC = 14.260 x(−2) = −0,4334 cm ≈ -0,0043 m

dCD
 δhCD = ∑d
x(−fh)

3.100
δhCD = x(−2) = -0,4348 cm ≈ -0,0043 m
14.260

dDE
 δhDE = ∑d
x(−fh)

2.360
δhDE = x(−2) = -0,3310 cm ≈ -0,0033 m
14.260

dEP
 δhEP = ∑d
x(−fh)

1.490
δhEP = 14.260 x(−2) = −0,2090 cm ≈ −0,0021m
Menghitung Elevasi Titik

H(titik) = Hawal + ∆h + δh

 HA = HP + ∆hAP + δhAP

HA = 103,325 + (−0,77) + (−0,0033) = 102,545 m

 HB = HA + ∆hAB + δhAB

HB = 102,545 + 0,104 + (−0,0026) = 102,646 m

 HC = HB + ∆hCB + δhCB

HC = 102,646 + (−0,477) + (−0,0043) = 102,165 m

 HD = HC + ∆hCD + δhCD

HD = 102,165 + 0,663 + (−0,0043) = 102,823 m

 HE = HD + ∆hDE + δhDE

HE = 102,823 + 0,422 + (−0,0033) = 103,242 m

 HP = HE + ∆hEP + δhEP

HP = 103,242 + 0,0085 + (−0,0021) = 103,325 m (sebagai kontrol hitungan)

 SOAL 2

A.(dibaliknya)
B.
MENGHITUNG BACAAN SUDUT HORIZONTAL (β)
 βA = JAB − JAE
βA = 179°53′ 0′′ − 50°30′ 45′′ = 129°22′15′′
 βB = JBC − JBA
βB = 306°17′ 40′′ − 216°15′ 0′′ = 90°2′40′′
 βC = JCD − JCB
βC = 18°28′ 20′′ − 287°56′ 30′′ = −270°31′ 50′′ + 360° = 90°31′50′′
 βD = JDE − JDC
βD = 148°22′ 15′′ − 56°39′ 20′′ = 91°42′55′′
 βE = JEA − JED
βE = 100°20′ 30′′ − 321°58′ 45′′ = −222°21′ 45′′ + 360° = 138°21′45′′

MENGHITUNG KESALAHAN TOTAL SUDUT UKURAN ATAU CLOSSING ERROR

POLYGON (fβ)
fβ={(∑ β)-n.180°}={(∑ β)-(N-2).180°} (memakai sudut dalam)

fβ={(βA +βB +βC +βD +βE )-(5-2).180°}

fβ={(129°22'15''+90°2'40''+90°31'50''+91°42'55''+138°21'45'')-(5-2).180°}
fβ={(540°1'25'')-540°}
fβ=0°1'25''
 Menghitung nilai koreksi sudut dan nilai sudut terkoreksi.
 Nilai koreksi total = -fβ = -0°1′25′′
 Besarnya koreksi setiap sudut ukuran (Δβ)
Δβ = -fβ / N
Δβ = -0°1′25′′ / 5 = -0°0′17′′
 Nilai sudut terkoreksi : β = βu + ∆β
o βA = βA u + ∆β
βA = 129°22′ 15′′ + (−0°0′ 17′′ ) = 129°21′58′′
o βB = βB u + ∆β
βB = 90°2′40′′ + (−0°0′ 17′′ ) = 90°2′23′′
o βC = βC u + ∆β
βC = 90°31′50′′ + (−0°0′ 17′′ ) = 90°31′33′′
o βD = βD u + ∆β
βD = 91°42′55′′ + (−0°0′ 17′′ ) = 91°42′38′′
o βE = βE u + ∆β
βE = 138°21′45′′ + (−0°0′ 17′′ ) = 138°21′28′′

MENGHITUNG AZIMUTH/SUDUT JURUSAN (lihat sket)

 αAE = JAE − JAU
αAE = 50°50′ 45′′ − 0°0′ 0′′ = 50°50′ 45′′
 αEA = αAE + 180°
αEA = 50°50′ 4 5′′ + 180° = 230°50′45′′
 αAB = JAB − JAU
αAB = 179°53′ 0′′ − 0°0′ 0′′ = 179°53′ 0′′
 αBC = αAB + βB − 180°
αBC = 179°53′ 0′′ + 90°2′ 23′ − 180° = 89°55′40′′
 αCD = αBC + βC − 180°
αCD = 89°55′ 40′′ + 90°31′ 33′′ − 180° = 0°27′30′′
 αDE = αDC + βD
αDE = (αCD + 180°) + βD
αDE = (0°27′ 30′′ + 180°) + 91°42′ 38′′ = 272°10′25′′
MENGHITUNG KESALAHAN TOTAL JARAK UKURAN DALAM ARAH X : (fx) dan
ARAH Y : (fy)

1. Menghitung kesalahan total jarak ukuran arah Absis (fx) :

fx = {∑(d . sin α)}

 fx = {dAB . sin αAB + dBc . sin αBC + dCD . sin αCD + dDE . sin αDE + dEA . sin αEA }
 fx = {42,550 . sin 179°53′ 0′′ + 37,020 . sin 89°55′40′′ + 56,350 . sin 0°27′ 30′′ +
19,730 . sin 272°10′25′′ + 23,130 . sin 230°50′45′′}
 fx ={42,550 . 0,0020 + 37,020 . 0,9999 + 56,350 . 0,0080 + 19,730 . (-0,9993) +
23,130 . (-0,7718)}
 fx = 0,0293

2. Menghitung kesalahan total jarak ukuran arah Ordinat (fy) :

fy = {∑(d . cos α)}

 fy = {dAB . cos αAB + dBc . cos αBC + dCD . cos αCD + dDE . cos αDE + dEA . cos αEA }
 fy = {42,550 . cos 179°53′ 0′′ + 37,020 . cos 89°55′40′′ + 56,350 . cos 0°27′ 30′′ +
19,730 . cos 272°10′25′′ + 23,130 . cos 230°50′45′′}
 fy ={42,550 . (-0,9999) + 37,020 . 0,0013 + 56,350 . 0,9999 + 19,730 . 0,0379 +
23,130 .0,6360}
 fy = -0,0157
MENGHITUNG NILAI KOREKSI SETIAP JARAK UKURAN

Besarnya koreksi setiap jarak ukuran dalam arah X :

δx = (d / ∑d) . (-fx)

∑d = dAB + dBc + dCD + dDE + dEA

∑d = 42,550 + 37,020 + 56,350 + 19,730 + 23,130 = 178,78 m
dAB
δx1 = ( ) . (−fx)
∑d
42,550
δx1 = ( ) . (−0,0293) = -0,0070 m
178,78

dBC
δx2 = ( ) . (−fx)
∑d

37,020
δx2 = ( ) . (−0,0293) = -0,0061 m
178,78

dCD
δx3 = ( ) . (−fx)
∑d
56,350
δx3 = ( ) . (−0,0293) = -0,0092 m
178,78

dDE
δx4 = ( ) . (−fx)
∑d
19,730
δx4 = ( ) . (−0,0293) = -0,0032 m
178,78

dEA
δx5 = ( ) . (−fx)
∑d
23,130
δx5 = (178,78) . (−0,0293) = -0,0038 m
Besarnya koreksi setiap jarak ukuran dalam arah Y :
δy = (d / ∑d) . (-fy)
dAB
δy1 = ( ) . (−fy)
∑d
42,550
δy1 = ( ) . (0,0157) = 0,2647 m
178,78

dBC
δy2 = ( ) . (−fy)
∑d
37,020
δy2 = ( ) . (0,0157) = 0,2303 m
178,78

dCD
δy3 = ( ) . (−fy)
∑d
56,350
δy3 = ( ) . (0,0157) = 0,3506 m
178,78

dDE
δy4 = ( ) . (−fy)
∑d
19,730
δy4 = ( ) . (0,0157) = 0,1228 m
178,78

d
δy5 = ( EA) . (−fy)
∑d
23,130
δy5 = ( ) . (0,0157) = 0,1439 m
178,78
MENGHITUNG KOORDINAT POLIGON
Xx = Xp + dPX sin αPX + δx
Yx = Yp + dPX cos αPX + δy

XB = XA + dAB . sin αAB + δx1

= (-47,000) + 42,550 . sin 179°53′ 0′′ + (-0,0070)
= -46,922 m
XC = XB + dBC . sin αBC + δx2
= (-46,922) + 37,020 . sin 89°55′40′′ + (-0,0061)
= -9,867 m
XD = XC + dCD . sin αCD + δx3
= (-9,867) + 56,350 . sin 0°27′ 30′′ + (-0,0092)
= -9,425 m
XE = XD + dDE . sin αDE + δx4
= (-9,425) + 19,730 . sin 272°10′25′′ + (-0,0032)
= -29,145 m
XA = XE + dEA . sin αEA + δx5
= (-29,145) + 23,130 . sin 230°50′45′′ + (-0,0038) = -47,000 m (sebagai kontrol hitungan)

YB = YA + dAB . cos αAB + δy1

= (-47,000) + 42,550 . cos 179°53′ 0′′ + 0,2647
= -25,281 m
YC = YB + dBC . cos αBC + δy2
= (-46,922) + 37,020 . cos 89°55′40′′ + 0,2303
= -25,003 m
YD = YC + dCD . cos αCD + δy3
= (-9,867) + 56,350 . cos 0°27′ 30′′ + 0,3506
= 31,696 m
YE = YD + dDE . cos αDE + δy4
= (-9,425) + 19,730 . cos 272°10′25′′ + 0,1228
= 32,567 m
YA = YE + dEA . cos αEA + δy5
= (-29,145) + 23,130 . cos 230°50′45′′ + 0,1439 = 18,000 m (sebagai kontrol hitungan)