Soal .

Diketahui struktur Dinding Penahan Tanah seperti tergambar. Periksalah Stabilitas

Struktur dengan metoda Rankine terhadap Guling, Geser, dan Keruntuhan Daya Dukung
pada dasar pondasi.

α = 10o
0.5 m

γ = 18 kN/m3
Ø = 30o
C = 0 kN/m2 H1 = 6.0 m

D = 1.5 m γ c = 23,58 kN/m3

H2 = 0.7 m

0.7 m 0.7m 2..6 m

γ = 19 kN/m3
Ø = 200
C = 40 kN/m2

1
Jawaban :

α = 10o
0.5 m
ΔH

γ = 18 kN/m3
Ø = 30o
C = 0 kN/m2 H1 = 6.0 m H tot

D = 1.5 m γ c = 23,58 kN/m3 H2 = 0.7 m

0.7 m 0.7m 2..6 m

γ = 19 kN/m3
Ø = 200
C = 40 kN/m2

Tinggi tanah di belakang struktur ( H tot),

Htot = ΔH + H1 + H2 = 2.6 tan α + 6 + 0.7 = 2.6 tan10o + 6 + 0.7

= 0.458 + 6 + 0.7 = 7.158 m
Tekanan Tanah Lateral Rankine
a. Tekanan Tanah Aktif Rankine
Akibat Beban Tanah
0≤ Z ≤ 7.158 m ( γ = 18 kN/m3, Ø = 30o, C = 0, α = 10o )
Koefisien Tek. Tanah Aktif Rankine ( Ka )

Cos  Cos 2  Cos 2

Ka = Cos α
Cos  Cos 2  Cos 2

2
 Cos10 o  Cos 2 10 o  Cos 2 30 o
Ka = Cos 10o = 0.350
Cos10 o  Cos 2 10 o  Cos 2 30 o

Z= 0 → σv = γ .z = 18 * 0 = 0 kN/m2 ; σa = ka. σv = 0.350 *0 = 0 kN/m2

Z = 7.158 m → σv = γ .z = 18 * 7.158 = 128.84 kN/m2 ; σa = ka. σv = 0.350*128.84
= 45.095 kN/m2
Gaya Aktif Rankine (Pa)
Pa = 0.5 σa (Htot) = 0.5*45.095*7.158 = 161.4 kN/m’
Pv = Pa Sinα = 161.4 Sin10o = 28.03 kN/m’
Ph = Pa Cosα = 161.4 Cos10o = 158.95 kN/m’

Posisi Gaya Aktif (Za)

Htot 7.158
Za =  = 2.386 m
3 3
b. Tekanan Tanah Pasif Rankine
Akibat Beban Tanah
0≤ D ≤ 1.5 m ( γ = 19 kN/m3, Ø = 20o, C = 40 kN/m2, α = 0o )
Koefisien Tek. Tanah Pasif Rankine ( Ka )
Kp = tan2 (45o + Ø/2) = tan2 (45o + 20o/2) = tan2 (45o + 10o) = 2.04
D= 0 → σv = γ .D = 19 * 0 = 0 kN/m2 ;
σp = kp. σv + 2C Kp = 2.04(0) + 2(40) 2.04 = 0 + 114.26
= 114.26 kN/m2
D = 1.5 m → σv = γ .D = 19 * 1.5 = 28.5 kN/m2
σp = kp. σv + 2C Kp = 2.04(28.5) + 2(40) 2.04
σp = 58.14 + 114.26 = 172.4 kN/m2

Gaya Pasif Rankine (Pp)

Pp = Pp1 + Pp2 = (0.5*58.14*1.5) + (114.26*1.5) = 43.605 + 171.39 = 215 kN/m’

3
 Posisi Gaya Pasif (Zp)
1.5 1.5
43.605( )  171.39( )
Zp = 3 2 = 21.8  128.54 = 0.7 m
215 215

Gambar diagram Tekanan Tanah :

α = 10o
0.5 m 0

1
W5

Pv

Pa Htot =7.158m
2
Ph
W1 w4
114.26
Za = Htot
W2 3
Pp 3
zp 45.095
58.14 W3
σmax = 133.5 kN/m2 σmin = 101.73 kN/m2

 Periksa Struktur thd. Guling

FK(guling) =
M R
≥2
M O

M O (Jumlah momen-momen penyebab Guling)

M O = Ph(Za) = 158.95(2.386) = 379.25 kN-m

4
M R (Jumlah momen-momen penahan Guling) ------- lihat tabel

Tabel Momen-momen Penahan Guling :

No. Luas Penamp Berat Elemen Jarak ke Momen thd. Ttk C

Ele. Elemen (m2) ( kN/m’) ttk C(m) (kN-m)
1 A1 = 0.5*6 = 3 W1=3*23.58= 70.74 X1=1.15 M1=70.74*1.15= 81.35
2 A2 = 0.5*6*0.2=0.6 W2=0.6*23.58= 14.15 X2=0.833 M2=14.15*0.833 = 11.79
3 A3 = 4*0.7 = 2.8 W3=2.8*23.58= 66.02 X3=2.0 M3=66.02*2 = 132.04
4 A4 = 2.6*6 = 15.6 W4=15.6*18= 280.8 X4=2.7 M4=280.8*2.7= 758.16
5 A5=0.5*2.6*0.458=0.595 W5=0.595*18= 10.71 X5=3.13 M5=10.71*3.13= 33.522
Pv = 28.03 Xv= 4.0 Mv = 28.03*4.0= 112.12
ΣV = 470.45 ΣMR = 1128.98

ΣMR tot = 1128.98 + Pp(Zp) = 1128.98 + 215(0.7) =1279.48 kN-m

FK(guling) =
M R
=
1279.48
= 3.37 > 2 ( Aman )
M O 379.25

 Periksa Struktur Terhadap Geser

FK(geser) = ΣFR / ΣFd ≥ 1.5

ΣFd (Jumlah Gaya-gaya Penyebab Geser)
ΣFd = Ph = 158.95 kN/m’

ΣFR ( Jumlah Gaya-gaya Penahan Geser)

ΣFR = B*C2 + ΣV tan Ø2 + Pp
= 4.0*40 + 470.45*tan 20º + 215 = 546.23 kN

FK = ΣFR / ΣFd = 546.23/158.95 = 3.43 > 1.5 ( Aman )

 Periksa Struktur Terhadap Keruntuhan Daya Dukung

qu
FK(Keruntuhan) = ≥3
 max

Eksentrisitas (e)

B  M R   M O 4 1279.48  379.25 B 4
e=  =  = 0.09 <   0.666 (Aman)
2 V 2 470.45 6 6

5
 max =
V (1  6.e ) = 470.45
(1 
6 * 0.09
) = 133.5 kN/m2
B B 4 4

 min = V (1  6.e ) = 470.45

(1 
6 * 0.09
) = 101.73 kN/m2
B B 4 4

Kapasitas Daya Dukung Tanah batas ( qu )

qu = CNcFcdFci + qNqFqdFqi + 0.5γ2B’NγFγdFγi

Ø = 20o --------- Tabel Faktor Daya Dukung Meyerhoff ; Nc =14.83 ; Nq=6.4
Nγ = 5.39
q = γ.D = 19(1.5) =28.5 kN/m2
B’ = B – 2.e = 4 – 2(0.09) = 3.82 m
D 1.5
Fcd = 1 + 0.4( ) = 1 +0.4 ( ) =1.15
B' 3.82
D 1.5
Fqd = 1 + 2 tan Ø2(1 - sin Ø2)2( ) = 1 + 2* tan20o (1 - sin20o)2( )
B' 3.82
= 1 + 0.315(0.39) = 1.123
Fγd = 1

Fci = Fqi = ( 1 - )2
90
PaCos 158.95
 = tan-1 ( ) = tan-1 ( ) = 18.67º
V 470.45

 18.67 0 2
Fci = Fqi = ( 1 - )2 = ( 1 - ) = 0.628
90 90 0
 2  2
Fγi = ( 1 - ) =(1- ) =0
2 20 0
qu = 40(14.83)(1.15)(0.628)+28.5(6.4)(1.123)(0.628)+0.5(19)(3.82)(5.39)(1)(0)
qu = 517.816 + 128.636 + 0 = 646.45 kN/m2

qu 646.45
FK(Keruntuhan) = = = 4.84 > 3 Aman
 max 133.5