Cc . H Po + ΔP
Sc = Log
1 + e0 Po
Po = γb . L1 + L2/2 (γsat-γw)
= 1655 x 2.5 + ( 3.5 / 2 )
( 1755 - 9.81 )
= 4138 + 3054.0825
= 7192 kN/m2
Menghitung tegangan tambahan akibat beban yang bekerja dengan metode 2:1
Sketsa penurunan konsolidasi
Df
L1
Z1
Pt
Z2
Z3
L2
Pm
Pb
Diketahui :
P = 20000 kN
Df = 1 m
B = 3.0 m
L1 = 2.5 m
d = 1.2 x Df
= 1.2 x 1
= 1.2 m
γ = 1655 kN/m³
γsat = 1755 kN/m³
ø = 15 ˚
c = 35 kN/m²
Jadi,
qu = 1.3 cNc + qNq + 0.4 BγNγ
= 1.3 x 35 x 9.67 + 1655.0 x 2.7 + 0.4 x 3.0 x 1709.530 1
= 439.985 + 4468.5 + 1186.782
= 6095.266997 kN/m²
Dimana :
B Nq B
Fcs = 1 + x Fγs = 1 - 0.4
L Nc L
B 2.47 B
= 1 + x = 1 - 0.4
B 8.34 B
= 1 + 0.296 = 1 - 0.4
= 1.296 = 0.6
B Df
Fqs = 1 + x tan Ø Fcd = 1 + 0.4
L B
B ˚ 1.0
= 1 + x tan 10 = 1 + 0.4
B B
= 1 + 0 0.4
= 1 +
= 1 B
Fqd = 1
Fγd = 1
2 2
β˚ 35 ˚
Fci = Fqi = 1 - = 1 - = 0.849
90˚ 90 ˚
β˚ 35 ˚
Fγi = 1 - = 1 - = 1
Ø 10 ˚
jadi,
Fs = qu 363.838
=
qall 23.954
= 15 …aman..!!!
qo x B ( 1 - µ² ) x IP
Si =
E
P 100
qo = =
Dimana: B 2
2.0 a2
= 24 kN/m²
µ = 0.5 (Diperoleh dari tabel perkiraan angka poisson "Teknik Pondasi 1",
Hary christady hardiyatmo)
E = 4000 Kn/m2
(lempung jenuh "Diperoleh dari tabel perkiraan modulus elastisitas (E)
"Teknik Pondasi 1", Hary christady hardiyatmo")
IP = 0.82
(Diperoleh dari tabel faktor pengaruh IP "Teknik Pondasi 1", Hary
christady hardiyatmo)
Maka : qo x B ( 1 - µ² ) IP
Si =
Si =
E
24 x 2.0 ( 1 - 0.5 a2 ) x 0.82
=
4000
= 0.008 m
b. Akibat penurunan konsolidasi (consolidation settlement)
Cc . H Po + ΔP
Sc = Log
1 + e0 Po
Po = γb . L1 + L2/2 (γsat-γw)
= 16.55 x 2.5 + ( 3.5 / 2 )
( 18.55 - 10 )
= 41 + 14.9625
= 56 kN/m2
Menghitung tegangan tambahan akibat beban yang bekerja dengan metode 2:1
Sketsa penurunan konsolidasi
Df
L1
Z1
Pt
Z2
Z3
L2
Pm
L2
Pm
Pb
(ΔPt) = qo
( B + Z )²
= 24
( 2.0 + 1.5 )²
= 1.908 kN/m2
(ΔPm) = qo
( B + Z )² a
= 24
( 2.0 + 3.3 )²
= 0.855 kN/m2
(ΔPb) = qo
( B + Z )²
= 24
( 2.0 + 5.0 )²
= 0.483 kN/m2
- Sehingga :
Sc = Cc x H Log Po + ΔP
1 + e0 Po
S total = Si + Sc
= 0.008 + 0.0037
= 0.011 m
= 1.123 cm < 2.54 cm …memenuhii…!!!!
A. Data-data perencanaan ( Beban Inklinasi (miring))
Dimana :
B Nq B
Fcs = 1 + x Fγs = 1 - 0.4
L Nc L
B 1 B
= 1 + x = 1 - 0.4
B 5.14 B
= 1 + 0.195 = 1 - 0.4
= 1.195 = 0.6
B Df
Fqs = 1 + x tan Ø Fcd = 1 + 0.4
L B
B ˚ 1.0
= 1 + x tan 10 = 1 + 0.4
B B
= 1 + 0 0.4
= 1 +
= 1 B
Fqd = 1
Fγd = 1
2 2
β˚ 35 ˚
Fci = Fqi = 1 - = 1 - = 0.849
90˚ 90 ˚
β˚ 35 ˚
Fγi = 1 - = 1 - = 1
Ø 10 ˚
A' = ( B - 5 )x B
= B² - 5B
Kontrol :
qall = P Fcd = 1 + 0.4 Df
Luas B
= 100
B2 = 1 + 0.4 1.0
= 100 ###
2.0 ² = 1.200
= 25.000 kN/m2
jadi,
Fs = Qu 239.180
=
qall 25.000
= 10 …aman..!!!
0.6
3. Simulasi Muka Air Tanah
a. Simulasi muka air tanah sebesar Dw = 0.5 Df
β Diketahui :
P
P = 20000 kN
Df = 1 m
B = 2.0 m
L1 = 2.5 m
D1 = 0.5 x Df
= 0.5 x 1
= 0.5 m
D2 = Df- D1
= 1 - 0.5
= 0.5 m
γ = 1655 kN/m³
γsat = 1755 kN/m³
γ' = γsat - γw ø = 15 ˚
= 1755 - 10 c = 35 kN/m²
= 1745 kN/m³
q = γ x D1 + γ' x D2
= ( 1655 x 0.5 ) + ( 1745 x 0.5 )
= 1700.0 kN/m²
Jadi,
qu = c Nc Fcs Fcd Fci + q Nq Fqs Fqd Fqi + ½ γ'B Nγ Fγs Fγd Fγi
= 35.0 x 5.14 x 1.296 x 1.196 x 0.849 + 1700.0 x 1x 1x 0
x 1 x 0.849 + 1/2 x 1745 x 2.0 x 0 x 0.6 x 1x 1
= 236.661 + 1442.9 + 0
= 1679.562 kN/m²
qijin = P = 20000 = 4790.814 kN/m²
B2 2.0 2
P Diketahui :
P = 20000 kN
Df = 1 m
B = 2.0 m
L1 = 2.5 m
D = Df = 1 m
γ = 1655 kN/m³
γsat = 1755 kN/m³
ø = 15 ˚
c = 35 kN/m²
γ' = γsat - γw
= 1755 - 10
= 1745 kN/m³
q = γ x Df
= 1655 x 1
= 1655.0 kN/m²
Jadi,
qu = c Nc Fcs Fcd Fci + q Nq Fqs Fqd Fqi + ½ γ'B Nγ Fγs Fγd Fγi
= 35.0 x 5.14 x 1.296 x 1.196 x 0.849 + 1655.0 x 1x 1 0
x 1 x 0.849 + 1/2 x 1745 x 2.0 x 0 x 0.6 x 1x 1
= 236.661 + 1404.7 + 0
= 1641.368 kN/m²
P Diketahui :
P = 20000 kN
Df = 1 m
B = 2.0 m
L1 = 2.5 m
d = 1.1 x Df
= 1.1 x 1
= 1.1 m
γ = 1655 kN/m³
γsat = 1755 kN/m³
ø = 15 ˚
c = 35 kN/m²
Jadi,
qu = c Nc Fcs Fcd Fci + q Nq Fqs Fqd Fqi + ½ γ'B Nγ Fγs Fγd Fγi
= 35.0 x 5.14 x 1.296 x 1.196 x 0.849 + 1655.0 x 1x 1 0
x 1 x 0.849 + 1/2 x ### x 2.0 x 0 x 0.6 x 1x 1
= 236.661 + 1404.7 + 0
= 1641.368 kN/m²
qijin = P = 20000 = 4790.814 kN/m²
B2 2.0 2
g1 = 17.6 kN/m³
Φ1 = 10 ˚
c1 = h kN/m²
1
Pv H2 = 5
4 10
D = 2m 2
3 H1 = 0.56
B1 B2 B3
0.56 m 0.56 m 2.22 m
g2 = 18.6 kN/m³
Φ2 = 45 ˚
c2 = 35 kN/m²
= 0.9848078 x 0.984808 - 0
0.984808 + 0
= 0.9848
Pv = Pa x sin α
= 305.058 x sin 10
= 305.058 x 0.174
= 52.973 kN/m
Ph = Pa x cos α
= 305.058 x cos 10
= 305.058 x 0.985
= 300.424 kN/m
Mo = Ph x H'
3
= 300.424 x 5.94
3
= 594.984 kN.m
Titik Berat
Luas Berat/satuan panjang Momen
No Momen
(m²) (kN/m) (kN-m/m
(m)
Titik Berat
Luas Berat/satuan panjang Momen
No Momen
(m²) (kN/m) (kN-m/m
(m)
1 5 x 0.5 = 2.4975 58.891 0.86 50.646
2 1/2 0.06 x 4.995 = 0.137363 3.239 0.59 1.916
3 3.33 x 0.56 = 1.84815 43.579 1.67 72.560
4 2.22 x 5 = 11.0889 194.610 2.22 432.035
5 1/2 2.22 x 0.39 = 0.43 7.626 2.59 19.750
Pv = 52.973 3.33 176.399
Ʃv = 360.918 ƩMR =
ϒbeton = 23.58 kN/m³
ϒtanah = 17.6 kN/m³
Fs(overturning) = ƩMR
Mo
= 753.307
594.984
= 1.266096 > 2 …..te' jagoo
2 φ2
Kp = tan 45 +
2
2 45
= tan 45 +
2
= 5.828
Pp = 1/2 Kp g2 D² + 2 c2 √ Kp D
= 1/2 x 5.828 x 18.6 x 2.0 2 + 2x 35
x 2.0
= 216.23465 + 337.9899
= 554.225 kN/m 6.52
e = B - ƩMR - ƩMo
2 Ʃv
= 3.33 - 753.307 - 594.984
2 360.918
= 1.226 m < B
6
= 1.226 m < 3.33
6
= 1.226 m < 0.555 m
Ʃv 6e 360.918 x 6 x 1.226
qmax = 1 + = 1 +
B B 3.33 3.33
= 347.870 kN/m²
Ʃv 6e 360.918 x 6 x 1.226
qmin = 1 - = 1 -
B B 3.33 3.33
= -131.102 kN/m²
Fϒd = 1
ψ˚
Fci = Fqi = 1 -
90˚
dimana :
ψ = tan⁻¹ Pa
cos α = tan⁻¹ 300.424
Ʃv 360.918
= tan⁻¹ 0.832388
= 39.774 ˚
39.774
Fci = Fqi = 1 - = 0.558
90
ψ˚ 39.774
Fϒi = 1 - = 1 - = 0.116
φ˚ 45
qu = 35
x 16.88 x 1.414 x 0.558 + 37.1 x
1.391
x 0.558 + 1/2 x 18.6 x 0.877 x 7.13
x 0.116
= 466.3048 + 225.235 + 6.73844047
= 698.2783 kN/m²
FS(bearing capacity) = qu
qmax
= 698.2783
347.8696
m
o
m
Momen
(kN-m/m
Momen
(kN-m/m
50.646
1.916
72.560
432.035
19.750
176.399
753.307
x√ 5.828
+ 554.225
1.226
3.33
1.226
3.33
7.82 x
7.13 x 1
6. Menghitung Penuruna Yang Terjadi
1. Penurunan Segera :
Menerut Harr (1966) segera dapat dituliskan :
1 √ 1 + 2 ²+ 2 √ 1 + 2 ²+ 1
= Ln + 2 Ln
3.14 √ 1 + 2 ²- 2 √ 1 + 2 ²- 1
1 √ 1 + 4 + 2 √ 1 + 4 + 1
= Ln + 2 Ln
3.14 √ 1 + 4 - 2 √ 1 + 4 - 1
= 2.645751 2.44949
0.318 Ln + 2 Ln
1.732051 2
Maka,
a. Penurunan segera di ujung pondasi
Diketahui :
Untuk Lempung Berpasir
μ = 0.3
Es = 30000 kN/m²
B . qmaks α
Se1 = 1 - μ²
Es 2
= 0.00464 m
b. Penurunan segera di pusat pondasi
B . qmaks
Se2 = 1 - μ² α
Se2 = 1 - μ² α
Es
= 3.3 x 347.8696 2
1 - 0.3 0.26405
30000
= 0.00928 m
2. Penurunan konsolidasi
Cc . H Po + ΔPav
Sc = Log
1 + e0 Po
Dimana :
ΔPav = ΔPt + 4 ΔPm + ΔPt
6
Di asumsikan :
LL = 36 % H2 = 12 m
e0 = 0.7 Cc = 0.009 . (LL - 10)
= 0.234
Diketahui :
qmax = 347.8696 kN/m²
B = 3.33 m
L = 6.66 m
Po = γ1 . H1 + H2/2 (γ2)
= 17.6 x 5.6 + ( 12 / 2 ) x 19
= 209 kN/m 2
D = 2m
Z1
ΔPt
g2 = 18.6 kN/m³
Φ2 = 45 ˚
c2 = 35 kN/m²
Z2
ΔPm H2 = 12 m
Z3
ΔPt
ΔPt = qmax
( B x Z1 ) x ( L x Z1 )
= 347.870
( 3.3 x 0 ) x ( 6.7 x 0 )
= 0.000 kN/m2
ΔPm = qmax
( B x Z2 ) x ( L x Z2
= 347.870
( 3.3 x 6 ) x ( 6.7 x 6 )
= 0.436 kN/m2
ΔPm = qmax
( B x Z2 ) x ( L x Z2
= 347.870
( 3.3 x 12 ) x ( 6.7 x 12 )
= 0.109 kN/m2
Cc . H Po + ΔPav
Sc = Log
1 + e0 Po
S total = Se + Sc
= 0.0139 + 0.0011
= 0.0150 m
= 1.50 cm < 2.54 cm …memenuhii…!!!!