BAB I
KEDALAMAN PENGGERUSAN
Data Sungai :
+ 10.4 + 10.4
A B = 25 m
MAB : + 7.38 B
+ 3.32
C
b = 20 m
K = b + 2h 1 + m2
= 20 + 2. 4.06 1+ 0.616 2
= 29.536 m
Jadi A 91.35
R = = = 3.09284 m
K 29.536
1 1
V= . R 0.67 i. 0.5 = . 3.09284 0.67 . 0.0057 0.5
n 0.025
= 6.43483 m/dt
588
= 0.473 . 0.333
1.25
= 3.6707 m
p p
I = . D4 - d4 = . 7.62 4 - 7.16 4 = 36.502 cm4
64 64
p p
W = . D3 - d3 = . 7.62 3 - 7.16 3 = 7.40428 cm4
32 32
Perhitungan pembebanan :
- Berat sendiri = 4.1934 kg/m
- Beban luar (beban orang) = 100 kg/m
qv = 104.193 kg/m
= 144.417 kg/m
Kontrol lendutan :
M 708148.679
fytd = = = 95.6405 N/mm2
W 7404.27993
250 250
fizin = = = 217.391 N/mm2
gm 1.15 fytd < fizin Aman !!!
45 cm Pot. I - I
I I
h = 16 cm
cm
65
b= 10 cm
16 cm 100 cm
Direncanakan :
- Ukuran tiang sandaran = 10 . 16 cm2
- Jarak antar tiang = 2m
- gbeton = 2.5 t/m3
a. Beban vertikal
- Berat sendiri pipa sandaran = 2. 4.1934 . 2.00 = 16.7736 kg
- Berat sendiri tiang sandaran = 0.1 . 0.16 . 1 . 2500 = 40 kg
N = 56.7736 kg
a. Beban horisontal
Tiang-tiang sandaran pada tepi jembatan harus diperhitungkan untuk dapat menahan
beban sebesar 100 kg/m yang bekerja pada setinggi 90 cm diatas lantai kendaraan.
(PPPJJR, SKBI - 1.3.28 - 1987)
P = 100 . 2 = 200 kg
M = 200 . 1.1 . = 220 kgm = 2157540 Nmm
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
2400 2 2157540
AS2 - 2400 . 160 . AS. + = 0
1.7 250 100 0.8
Kontrol
1.4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.00583
fy 240
As. 5.67
rada = = = 0.03544 Ok !!!
b. d 10 . 16
= 0.04032 Ok !!!
4
1. Lantai trotoar
P= 100 kg/m'
10 qLL = 500 kg/m2
90 16 I
20
20
I
75
25
56 20 45 1.75 m
16 50
h = 20 - 3 = 17 cm
sa 1740
fo = = = 0.83254
n . sb 19 . 110
17
Ca = = 9.64135
19 . 284.72
1740 . 1.0
0.0115
A = . 100 . 17 = 1.029 cm2
19
A = 4.25 cm2
28472
h' = = 3.40526 cm
100 24.5538
Mu 28472
sb ytd = = = 2.67391
A.h.f.n.z 5.65 . 17 . 6.14 . 19 . 0.949
1
Mxm = . 0.199 = 0.066 tm
3
* Beban hidup- T :
- Beban roda : T = 10 ton (Kelas I = 100 % . 10 = 10 ton
- Bidang kontak : 40 . 70 cm2
10
- Muatan T disebarkan : T = = 35.714 t/m2
0.4 . 0.7
50 20
5 5
5
10 5
10
450 10 10
b = 0.7 a = 0.4
a = 20 + 2 0.5 20 tg 45 0 = 40 cm = 0.4 m
b = 50 + 2 0.5 20 tg 45 0 = 70 cm = 0.7 m
T 10
WL = =
a b 0.4 0.7
Momen total :
Arah - x : Mxm = 0.199 + 1.4985 = 1.6976 tm/m'
Arah - y : Mym = 0.066 + 1.274 = 1.3403 tm/m'
* Dicari momen pada saat 2 (dua) roda berdekatan dengan jarak antara as ke as
minimum = 1,00 m
50 50
100
0.4
10
10
10
70 30 70 72.5 72.5
175
Luas bidang kontak diatas dapat dihitung atas 2 keadaan (I & II) sebagai berikut :
(I) (II)
= -
= 0.2714
0.3 - 0.22857
0.2160 + . 0.2237 - 0.2160 = 0.2215
0.3 - 0.2
0.3 - 0.22857
0.19149 + . 0.2215 - 0.19149 = 0.21292
0.3 - 0.2
Bagian - II : tx = 30 tx 30
= = 0.171429 fxm = 0.22971
Ix = 175 Ix 175
ty = 40 ty 40
= = 0.228571 fym = 0.12445
Ix = 175 Ix 175
Jadi :
Mxm = (I) - (II) = 6.7850 - 0.9845 = 5.8005 tm/m
Mym = (I) - (II) = 5.3231 - 0.5334 = 4.7897 tm/m
Momen total :
Mxm = 0.199 + 5.8005 = 5.9996 tm/m
Mym = 0.066 + 4.7897 = 4.8561 tm/m
Dengan membandingkan momen Mxm dan Mym untuk beban 1 (satu) roda terhadap beban
2 (dua) roda diperoleh momen yang menentukan adalah sebagai berikut :
arah - x : Mxm = 5.9996 tm/m
arah - y : Mym = 4.8561 tm/m
0.3 - 0.2286
0.1053 + 0.128 - 0.1053 = 0.122
0.3 - 0.2
0.3 - 0.2286
0.1111 + 0.1372 - 0.1111 = 0.1297
0.3 - 0.2
0.3 - 0.2286
0.12151 + 0.1297 - 0.12151 = 0.12738
0.3 - 0.2
Penulangan :
16
Ca = = 1.97677
19 . 6000
1740 . 1.0
Ca = 1.97677 ) nw = 0.06818
d = 0.2 ) f = 2.333 > fo (OK)
0.06818
A = . 100 . 16 = 5.741 cm2
19
17
Ca = = 2.33455
19 . 4856
1740 . 1.0
Ca = 2.33455 ) nw = 0.0434
d = 0.2 ) f = 3 > fo (OK)
0.0434
A = . 100 . 17 = 3.883 cm2
19
dipilih tulangan : f 12 - 15 = 7.54 cm2
2. 5. 1. 150
Gaya pada roda =
1.75
2
= 857.143
= 0.857 Ton
ket : - tinggi kendaraan (2m)
1.75 - Lebar kendaraan (5 m)
Ditinjau akibat beban 1 (satu) roda (yang menentukan) pada tengah-tengah pelat :
Mxm = 0.14985 . 38.776 . 0.40 . 0.70 = 1.6269 tm/m
Mym = 0.12739 . 38.776 . 0.40 . 0.70 = 1.3831 tm/m
Momen total :
Mxm = 0.199 + 1.6269 = 1.8260 tm/m
Mym = 0.066 + 1.3831 = 1.4495 tm/m
mu 31.605
= 2 = 1332.638 KN/m
b d 2
1.0 0.154 2
2
mu 8) hal 46
= 1300 ρ = 0.0071
b d 2
mu
= 1400 ρ = 0.0076
b d 2
mu
= 1332.638
b d 2
1332.64 - 1300
ρ = 0.0071 + 0.0076 - 0.0071
100
= 0.00726
As = ρ b d
= 0.00726 x 1000 x 154
= 1118.53 mm2
- Tulanganlapangan arah y :
mu 23.988
= 2 = 1011.456 KN/m
b d 2
1.0 0.154 2
2
mu 8) hal 46
= 1000 ρ = 0.0054
b d 2
mu
= 1100 ρ = 0.0059
b d 2
mu
= 1011.456
b d 2
1011.46 - 1000
ρ = 0.0054 + 0.0059 - 0.0054
100
= 0.00546
As = ρ b d
= 0.00546 x 1000 x 154
= 840.421 mm2
M tumpuan = 1 12 . WD . L2
= 1 12 . 375 . 1.75 2
2
M lapangan = 1 24 . WD . L2
= 1 24 . 375 . 1.75 2
2
= 500 - 40 - 8 - 0.5 16
= 444 mm
MD = 0.479 KNm
= 0.574 KNm
mu 0.574
= 2 = 9.709 KN/m
b d2 0.30 0.444 2
Diambil ρ = ρ min = 0.0058
2
As = ρ min b d
= 772.56 mm2
2 Tulangan tumpuan
MD = 0.957 KNm
= 1.148 KNm
mu 1.148
= 2 = 19.419 KN/m
b d 2
0.30 0.444 2
2
As = ρ min b d
= 772.56 mm2
Digunakan tulangan 4 Ø 16 = 804 mm2 > 772.56
Kontrol lebar balok
2x 40 (selimut beton) = 80 mm
total = 235 mm
50
30 30
0
= = #DIV/0!
0 . 0
0 . 1.0
= #DIV/0! ) nw = 0.07112
= 0.2 ) f = 2.279 > fo (OK)
0.07112 cm2
= . 100 . 0 = ###
0
dipilih tulangan : f - 15 = 7.54
12
### cm2
dipilih tulangan : f - 30 = 1.68 cm2
8
1449 tm/m
h = ### - 3 = ### cm cm2
#REF!
= = #DIV/0!
0 . 1449
0 . 1.0
= #DIV/0! ) nw = 0.03934
= 0.2 ) f = 3.167 > fo (OK)
0.03934 cm2
= . 100 . 0 = ###
0
dipilih tulangan : f 12 - 15 = 7.54
### cm2
dipilih tulangan : f 8 - 30 = 1.68 cm2
Ca
25 / 45 cm2
Ca
d Pembebanan :
- Akibat berat sendiri balok = 0.25 . 0.45 . 2500 . 1
A = 281.25 kg/m'
40
Ca = = 41.2452
Ca 19 . 86.13
1740 . 1.0
Ca 12 b .h 12 . 25 . 40
= = 4.317 cm2
d s*au ###
A 4 f 12 =
4.317 cm2
4.52 cm2
A' = 0,2 A =
*
H1
H2
= Amin =
Berat sendiri
16 15 100 cm
20
W3 = 0.05 x 1.00 x 2000 x 1.00 = 100 kg
20
Gaya horisontal pada kerb:
W4 = 16.77 + 40 = 56.77 kg
-
1.15 1.00 1.00 0.16
= W1 + W2 + W3 + W4 + 1.00 + H1 1.10
2 2 2 2
- Mu
+ H2 0.20
-
= 871.94 Kgm
- 1.00
= W5
2
= 250 Kgm
-
= 1.2 MD + 1.6 ML
Momen yan
= 1.2 871.94 + 1.6 250
200 mm
= 40 mm
ø = 12 mm
l 115
= = = 8.846 cm < h = ### cm (ok)
13 13
d = h - p - 0.5 ø
= 200 - 40 - 0.5 12
= 154 mm
Kontrol hmin
= 25 Mpa ; fy = 240 Mpa
Perhitungan tulangan : *….) hal 46
Mu
= 500 ρ = 0.0026
Tinggi b . d2
Mu
= 600 ρ = 0.0032
b . d2
Mu
= 597.656 KN/m2
b . d2
597.656 - 500 0
ρ = 0.0026 + - 0.0026
100
Dari tabel 5.1.c
= 0.00319
f'c
ρ min = 0.0025 (tabel 7)
0.25 b h
As =
Beb 100
H1 = 100 kg
45 10
45
H2 = 500 kg
20
20
16 15 100
Beban-beban yang bekerja pada lantai trotoar per meter panjang jembatan:
= 56.3868 kg
+ H2 0.2
.
= 922.981 kgm
1.0 1.0
ML = W4 = 500 = 250 kgm
2 2
Mu = 1.2 MD + 1.6 ML
L 115
Kontrol hmin = = = 8.846 < 20 cm
13 13
d = h - p - 0.5 ØD
= 200 - 40 - 0.5 12
= 154 mm
mu 15.076
= 2 = 635.679 KN/m
b d 2
1.0 0.154 2
2
mu
= 635.679 KN/m
b d 2
635.68 - 600
ρ = 0.0032 + 0.0037 - 0.0032
100
= 0.00338
As = ρ b d
= 0.00338 x 1000 x 154
= 520.273 mm2
0.25 x b x h
As =
100
0.25 x 1000 x 200
=
100
= 500 mm2
1.1
q = . 13 - 30 = -0.31167 t/m
60
-0.31167 . 1.00
q = = 0.9 t/m
2.75
- Beban garis P = 12 t
20
- Koefisien kejut = 1 + = 1.317
50 + 13.0
12 . 2.00
P' = . 1.31746 = 11.4978 t/m
2.75
Langkah 1
Rencana penampang balok adalah sbb :
35
7.5
I
I
7.5 II II
9 9
17
15
52.5 90
III
24 24 Potongan A - A
10 IV IV
V
12.5
65
7.5 I
BAGIAN LUAS (cm2) Yi MOMEN STATIS I
7.5 II II
I 262.5 86.25 22640.625
II 67.5 80 5400 53.676 9 9
III 1190 47.5 56525 17
IV 240 15.8333 3800 60 90
V 812.5 6.25 5078.125 III
TOTAL 2572.5 93443.75 24 24
36.324 10 IV IV
Statis momen 93443.75
Yb = = = 36.324 cm V
Luas 2572.5 12.5
Yt = 90 - Yb = 90 - 36.3241 = 53.676 cm 65 mm
Ix 2291673.86
Zt = = = 42694.652718 cm3
Yt 53.676
Ix 2291673.86
Zb = = = 63089.623604 cm3
Yb 36.324
f 'c = 25 MPa
Balok pracetak
prategang Ec = 115.378 kg/cm2
Dengan mengambil lebar manfaat lantai = 0,8 x 3.2 = 2.56 m, maka dapat dianggap bahwa kekakuan
beton pratekan dan lantai adalah sama.
Tabel 1
Balok pratekan sendiri
Tabel 2
A Y A.Y A.Y2 Io
Penampang
(Cm ) 2
(Cm) (Cm )
3
(Cm ) 4
(Cm4 )
Lantai 2560 10 25600 256000 170666.667
Balok 2572.5 73.676 189531.25 13963885.219 2291673.9
Jumlah 5132.5 83.6758989 215131.25 14219885.219 2462340.53086
I Composit 7664894.0937
Zct = = = 182865.431851 Cm3
Yct 41.915
I Composit 7664894.0937
Zcb = = = 112579.117343 Cm3
Yc b
68.085
-0.31167 . 1.00
q = = -0.11333 t/m
2.75
- Beban titik
12 . 2.00
P' = . 1.31746 = 11.4978 t/m
2.75
41.915 - 20
= x 0.01329 = 0.00694608 Kg/cm2
41.915
41.915 - 20
= x 10.2173 = 5.34213026 Kg/cm2
41.915
41.915 - 20
= x 4.99056 = 2.60930882 Kg/cm2
41.915
Tabel 3
Hasil-hasil yang diperoleh dari langkah 2 & 3
ft fb f ts
Momen (kg.cm)
(kg/cm2 ) (kg/cm2 ) (Cm3 )
MG = 1304257.5 30.548497692 -20.673090526 -
Mss = 10140 0.237500468 -0.1607237359 -
Mdd = 594140.625 13.916043045 -9.4174063984 -
Mws = 2429.375 0.0069460767 -0.0215792685 0.01328504231
ML = -239416.666666667 -0.6845408934 2.1266525473 -1.3092505469
MPS = 1868398.26839827 5.3421302609 -16.596312997 10.2173398738
ML = 912600 2.6093088174 -8.1062991214 4.99055502596
Total 51.975885466 -52.8487595
f ts
f t
ytc +
ybc
-
fb
bo
F F.e
fc sisa = +
A Zb
F F . 23.32
44.1954364 = +
2573 63089.623604
F = 58272.6667 Kg
53.68 cm
90 cm
CGC
36.32 cm CGS
e = 23.3241 cm
13 cm
Digunakan kawat pratekan tipe 270K f 1/2" dengan final force = 17615 lbs = 824498 kg
58272.6667
Jumlah kawat yang diperlukan = = 0.071
824497.5
Digunakan sebanyak 1 buah kawat
0m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5.625 m ### ### -9.04448 4436.25 m ### -0.07032 ### ### -0.00944 399262.5 m
11.25 m 978193.125 m ### -15.5048 7605 m ### -0.12054 1822.03125 m ### -0.01618 684450 m
15 m 1159340 m ### -18.3761 ### ### -0.14287 ### ### -0.01918 811200 m
22.5 m 1304257.5 30.5485 -20.6731 10140 0.2375 -0.16072 2429.375 0.01329 -0.02158 912600
0 0 0 0 0
f = 5.2 m
2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m
L = 40 m
Pu = 160 kg
qu = 115.2 kg/m
A 2.5 m
1 160 . 2.5
= (-) . 115.2 . 2.5 2 + (-)
12 8
= -110 kgm
2 EI EI = konstan
MAB = MFAB + 2 qA + qB
L
2 EI
MBA= MFBA + qA + 2qB
L
Gaya dalam
Bentang AC ( 0 < x < 1.25 )
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
3000 2 1100000
AS2 - 3000 . 160 . AS. + = 0
1.7 223.5 200 0.8
Kontrol
1.4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.00467
fy 300
As. 3.53
rada = = = 0.01104 Ok !!!
b. d 20 . 16
= 0.02691 Ok !!!
Pu = 448 kg
Mu = 210 kgm
20 x 20 cm
Lu = 5.2 m
Penulangan Kolom
~ Mengecek pengaruh kelangsingan kolom
Untuk komponen struktur tekan yang tidak ditahan terhadap goyangan ke samping, pengaruh
kelangsingan dapat diabaikan jika memenuhi :
k . Lu
< 22 SK. SNI T - 15 - 1991 - 03. 33 11 4)
r
dimana :
k = faktor tekuk = 1
lu = panjang kolom = 5.2
I 1/ 12 . 20 . 20 3
r = radius girasi = = = 5.7735
A 20 . 20
atau r = 0,3 . h. = 0.3 . 20 = 6
Jadi :
k . Lu 1. 5.2
= = 86.6667 > 22
r 0.06
Cm
d = > 1
Pu
1 -
f . Pc
Dimana : Cm = 1 (konservatif)
Pu = 0.448 ton
p . EI
2
Pc =
(k . Lu)2
Ec . Ig
EI =
2,5 . (1 + bd)
Ec = 4700 . fc' = 4700 22.35 = 22219.620 Mpa = 2221962.0 t/m2
Ig = 1/12 . b. h3 =
1
Ig = . 0.2 . 0.2 3 = 0.00013333 m4
12
1,2 . qdl 1.2 . 96
Bd = = = 0.418605
1,2 . qdl + 1,6 . qll 1.2 . 96 + 1.6 . 100
diperoleh :
2221962.0 . 0.00013333
EI = = 83.53605661
2.5 . ( 1+ 0.4186 )
p2 . 83.5360566
Pc = = 30.4598
1. 5.2 2
1
d = = 1.023 > 1 Ok !!!
0.448
1 -
0.65 . 30.4598
Mu = 0.21 tm
Mc = d . Mu
= 1.02315 . 0.21 = 0.21486 tm
Hitung :
Pu 0.448
Pn perlu = = = 0.68923 ton
f 0.65
Mc 0.2149
Mn perlu = = = 0.33056 tm
f 0.65
Eksentrisitas :
Mn perlu 0.3305566189
e = = = 0.4796 = 479.602
Pn perlu 0.6892307692
Hitung nilai r
~ Sumbu vertikal
Pu 4480
= = 0.00907
f . Ag . 0,85 . fc' 0.65 . 200 . 200 . 0.85 . 22.35
~ Sumbu horizontal
Pu e 479.602
. = 0.00907 . = 0.02175
f . Ag . 0,85 . Fc' h 200
= 340 mm2
1.75
Beban garis : P = 12 . . 1.222 = 9.333 ton
2.75
1.75
Beban merata : P = 2.2 . . 1.222 = 1.711 ton
2.75
0.88394 t 0.88394 t
3.39861 a b c d
A a b c
1m 1m 1m 17 m
= 770.204 tm
= 203.079 tm
= 139.079 tm
bk b0
t 20
= = 0.222
h 90
Penulangan :
Md = 77020.4 kgm
h = 95 - 5 = 90 cm
90
Ca = = 4.10541
19 . 77020
1740 . 1.7500
Ca = 4.10541 )
nw = 0.07728
d = 0.2 ) f = 2.175 > fo (OK)
0.07728
A = . 175 . 90 = 64.06 cm2
19
15 f 22 = 57.02 cm2
8 D 8 4082.125
td = . = . = 2.592 < tb = 6.5 kg/cm2
7 bh 7 20 . 90
Mc = 20307.9 kbm
90
Ca = = 7.5993
19 . 20308
1740 . 1.581
0.1091
A = . 175 . 90 = 90.44 cm2 12 f 1"
19
8 D 8 61858.513889
tc = . = . = 39.28 < t = 5.5 kg/cm2
7 bh 7 20 . 90
Mb = 139079 kgm
90
Ca = = 2.96565
19 . 139079
1740 . 1.649
0.0589
A = . 175 . 90 = 48.83 cm2 7 f 1"
19
8 D 8 66141.0625
tb = . = . = 42 <t= 5.5 kg/cm2
7 bh 7 20 . 90
Ma = 71239 kgm
90
Ca = = 4.18623
19 . 71239
1740 . 1.683
0.0309
A = . 175 . 90 = 25.61 cm2 4 f 1"
19
8 D 8 69539.673611
ta = . = . = 44.15 > t = 5.5 kg/cm2
7 bh 7 20 . 90
As . sa 1.43 . 1400
tyang terjadi = = = 5.005 kg/cm2 > tsisa (OK)
b .d 20 . 20
beban-beban jalur sebesar setengah beban jalur BM-tengah serta beban tambahan yaitu
beban trotoir.
Selanjutnya perhitungan BM-tepi dapat diselesaikan analog dengan cara perhitungan untuk
BM-tengah.
~ Abutment II
Elevasi Sondir = + 85.2 m
Elevasi Kaki poer = + 77.2 m
Elevasi tanah keras = + 85.2 - 15 = 70.2 m
Direncanakan panjang tiang pancang = 15 - 8 = 7 10 m
Data sondir : qc = 150 kg/cm 2
~ Abutment I
qc . A STf . K A = 1/4 p d2
Q = +
3 5 = 1/4 . 3,14 . 40 2
= 1256 cm 2
= 83.524 ton
~ Abutment II
qc . A STf . K A = 1/4 p d2
Q = +
3 5 = 1/4 . 3,14 . 40 2
= 1256 cm 2
= 82.896 ton
0.50
1.25
1.25
0.50
S ³ 3
Sn = 150 cm dan Sm = 125 cm
P1
P2 P0
P3
X3 X4 P4
P5
X2 X5 P6
X1 X6
Analogi :
P2 : P1 = X1 : X2 P4 = P1. (X4/X1)
M. X1
P1 =
(2X1 + X2 + 2X32 + 2 X42 + X52 + 2 X62)
2 2
DIMANA :
M = 470.40560 - 322.48776 = 147.91784
X1 = 4.5 m X4 = 1.5 m
X2 = 3.0 m X5 = 3.0 m
X3 = 1.5 m X6 = 4.5 m
147.91784 x 4.50
PM =
( 2. 4.5 ^2 + 3.0 ^2 + 2. 1.5 ^2 + 2. 1.5 ^2 + 3.0 ^2 + 2. 4.5 ^2)
665.63028
PM = = 6.163 Ton
108.00
V
PMAKS = + PM
n
542.6966
PMAKS = + 6.163
11
A B B A
A A
C D C
D E C
C A
A B A
B
A B
1. Metode Feld
3 8
Effisiensi Tiang A = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang B = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang C = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang D = 1 - =
11 11
8 32
4 Buah Tiang A = 4 x Eff A = 4 =
11 11
7 28
4 Buah Tiang B = 4 x Eff B = 4 =
11 11
7 14
2 Buah Tiang C = 2 x Eff C = 2 =
11 11
7 7
1 Buah Tiang D = 1 x Eff D = 1 =
11 11
81
Total Eff. = = 7.3636
11
7.3636
Effisiensi Satu Tiang = = 0.6694
11
q (n - 1) m + (m - 1) n
SFf . N = 1 - .
90 m .n
Dimana : 40
q = Arc Tan = 17.7447 0
125
m = 3
n = 7
17.74 7- 1 3+ 3- 1 7
SFf . N = 1 - .
90 3. 7
= 0.69956
= 77.2977 ton
= 76.8584 ton
1256 . 156767
Kv = 2.2925 . = 180557 kg/cm
2500
E = 156767 kg/cm
p
I = . D4 = 125664 cm4
64
4 k.D
b = = 0.0071956072 cm-1
4EI
k = ko . y-1/2 = 5.2812204 kg/cm2
ko = 0,2 . Eo . D-3/4 = 5.28122
Eo = 28 N = 420 kg/cm2
Untuk kemiringan tiang pancang dianggap qi = 0, hal ini adalah kondisi kritis pada
stabilitas abutment.
Aaa = S (Kv cos2qi + K1 sin2 qi) xi2 +(K2 + K3) xi . sin qi K4)
= SKv . x2 + SK4 = 3123032609
dx = 0.79834447 cm
dy = 0.27324408 cm
a = 0.00586842 rad
Pni = Kv . dyi
PHi = K1 dx - K2 a
PH1 = 11466.2677 kg
PH2= 11466.2677 kg
PH3 = 11466.2677 kg
Mt1 = 35110.4287 kg m
Mt2= 35110.4287 kg m
Mt3 = 35110.4287 kg m
Kontrol !!!
SHi = n . PHi = 149061.48
SVi = 5 . PN1 + 3 PN2 + 5 PN3 =
Mti = S (Mti + Vi . Xi)
= n . Mti + 5 V1 . 125 + 5 V3 (-125)
=
a. diangkat
a L - 2a a
M1 M3
M2
4a2 + 4a L - L2 =0 L = 15 m
4a2 + 4a 15 - 15 2= 0
4 a2 + 60 a - 225 = 0
Dengan rumus ABC diperoleh :
a1 = 3.106602
a2 = -18.1066 (tidak memenuhi)
b. diangkat
2a2 - 4a 15 - 15 2= 0
L-a 2 a2 + 30 a - 225 = 0
Dengan rumus ABC diperoleh :
a1 = 5.490381
a2 = -20.4904 (tidak memenuhi)
Jadi keadaan yang paling menentukan adalah keadaan b. (Mmaks = 4545.65 kgm)
Penulangan diambil = 12 f 19
BAB III
PERHITUNGAN KONSTRUKSI BANGUNAN BAWAH
1
I
0.7
II
0.7 III IV
4.1 Pa1
Pp1
0.2 VI VII
Pp2
0.4 VIII
Pp3
2 1 2
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
S F.X 22.3695
X = = = 2.4772 m
SF 9.03
S F.Y 23.341667
Y = = = 2.5849 m
SF 9.03
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
Beban mati
* Berat aspal = 770 kg/m
* Berat lantai kendaraan = 3024 kg/m
* Berat gelagar induk = 7837.872 kg/m
* Berat trotoar = 993.6 kg/m
* Berat pipa sandaran = 96.48 kg/m
* Berat beton pengisi = 552 kg/m
q = 13273.952 kg/m
Beban hidup
20
* Koefisien kejut (K) = 1 + = 1.2222
50 + 40.0
12 1
* Beban terpusat (P) = . 5.5 + . 1.5 . 1.2222 = 33333.333 kg
2.75 2
2.2 1
* Beban jalur (q) = . 5.5 + . 1.5 . 1.5 = 7500 kg
2.75 2
Reaksi total
* Beban mati = 1/2 . 13273.952 . 40.0 + 1/2 . 6231.36 = 268594.72
Beban terpusat = = 33333.333
Beban merata = 1/2 . 7500 = 3750
Beban hidup trotoar = 1/2 . 1000 . 40.0 = 20000
S Rtot = 325678.05
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
~ Gaya normal
N = SG + SB + R
= 22618.5 + 21672 + 325678.0533333
= 369968.55 kg
MT = N . X 916501.83
SH = Pa + HR + K - Pp
Nf = N . Tan j
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
~ Kontrol kestabilan
- Stabilitas terhadap guling
Syarat : MT > 2 916501.8
MG
- Stabilitas terhadap gaya vertikal, titik tangkap harus berada didaerah pusat.
Penulangan Abutment
0.3
I I
Pa
II II
Pp
2 1 2
III IV
Potongan I - I
Pa = 1/2 . gt . h2 . Ka = 1/2 . 1.7 . 1 2 . 0.35 = 0.2949279 kg/m
M = Pa'
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
Mu = 0 kg.cm
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
0 2 0
AS2 - 0 . 0 . AS. + = 0
1.7 0 0 0.8
f 16 - 20 = 10.05 cm2
Kontrol
1.4 0
rmin = = = #DIV/0!
fy 0
As. 10.05
rada = = = #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
b. d 0 . 0
= #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Sehingga :
.
st = + = #DIV/0! + #DIV/0!
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
st min = 0 - 0 = 0
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
Pp3
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
600
+ 0
Arif
PERHITUNGAN ABUTMENT
8.0 m
12
P = = 4.3636 t/m
2.75
~ Beban jalur
1.1
q = 2.2 - .( L - 30 )
60
1.1
= 2.2 - .( 13 - 30 )
60
q = 2.2 t/m2
PNH = (q . 5,5) . 100% + (q . 1,5) . 50% . 0,5 . L + (P . 5,5) . 100% + (P . 1,5) . 50%
0.65 m
I
II 0.9 m
III 0.4 m
IV V 0.4 m
0.7 m
8 m
VI
4.85 m
0.3 m
VII VIII
IX 0.5 m
1.45 0.6 1.45
My 574.0064
Yca = = = 3.0688309 m
G 187.044
b. Sayap
2.7 m 0.2 0.6
0.65 m I
0.65 m I
0.9 m
II
0.4 m
0.4 m III
IV
1.05 m V
VI
3.80 VII
Torsi Mx = 55.99392 tm
122.7411
y = = 4.5931 m
26.7228
c. Berat tanah
0.2 0.2 0.6
0.65 m I
1.3 m II
0.4 m III
IV
0.7 m
4.85 m V
0.3 m VI
0.5 m
1.45 0.6 1.45
Torsi Mx = 189.66324 tm
686.4351
y = = 3.9503 m
173.7684
4. Tekanan Tanah Normal
- Berat jenis tanah = 1.8 ton/m3
- Sudut geser dalam tanah j = 29 0
- Koefisien tekanan tanah
Ka = tan2 (45 - f/2) = 0.35
Kp = tan (45 + f/2) =
2
2.88
- Beban merata dibelakang abutment diperhitungkan senilai dengan muatan tanah setinggi
60 cm (PPPJJR, hal 13)
q = gt . h = 1,8 . 0,6 = 1.08 tm/m2
3.8
Pa1
Pa2
1.7
Pa2 = 1/2 gt . H2 . Ka . L
= 1/2 . 1.8 . 8 2 . 0.35 . 8
= 159.89 ton
= 0.843678151757191
0.990099 . 2.0704486
= 0.4115605
- Pasif
cos2 (f - fo) 0.843678151757191
KEP= =
sin f . sin (f - fo) 0.1916819
cos2 fo 1 - 2 0.990099 . 1 - 2
cos fo 0.9950372
= 0.843678151757191
0.990099 . 0.3148272
= 2.7066116
- Pasif
PEp = 1/2 gt . H2 . KEp . L
= 1/2 . 1.8 . 1.70 2 . 2.71 . 8
= 56.319 ton
5. Beban Angin
1. Beban angin tegak lurus
(50% . (30% + 50%) . (L - 5) - H . 150 + 100% . L . 2 . 150)
Ar =
2
Dimana : L = 13 m
H = 3.55 m
Ar = -2214.65 t
Menurut ketentuan gaya angin yang dipilih adalah arah memanjang Al = 2,1 t setinggi
H = 5,5 m
MAl = 2,1 . 5,5 = 11.55 tm
0,3 Mp + Ma
Tg = 2p . h3
3 EI . g
Dimana : Mp = 187.044
Ma = 60.4175
E = 6400 sb = 6400 225 = 960000 t/m2
I = 1/12 . 3.5 . 8 3 = 149.33333 m4
g = 9.8 m/det2
h = 8 m
Mmv =322.48776 t
Mv = 484.3727
KOMBINASI PEMBEBANAN
1. KOMBINASI I
Muatan V (ton) H (ton) MV ton.m MH (ton.m)
M 484.3727 322.48776
H 58.323863636
Ta -123.8985728 -488.3101233
Tu
100% 542.69656364 -123.8985728 322.48776 -488.3101233
100% 542.69656364 -123.8985728 322.48776 -488.3101233
2. KOMBINASI II
Muatan V (ton) H (ton) MV ton.m MH (ton.m)
M 484.3727 322.48776
Ta -123.8985728 -488.3101233
Gg -9.062625 -58.45393125
A -2.1 -11.55
125% 484.3727 -135.0611978 322.48776 -558.3140545
100% 387.49816 -108.0489583 257.990208 -446.6512436
3. KOMBINASI III
Muatan V (ton) H (ton) MV ton.m MH (ton.m)
M 542.69656364 -123.8985728 322.48776 -488.3101233
Rm -2.916193182 -19.10106534
Gg -9.062625 -58.45393125
A -2.1 -11.55
140% 542.69656364 -137.977391 322.48776 -577.4151199
100% 387.6404026 -98.5552793 230.3484 -412.4393713
4. KOMBINASI IV
Muatan V (ton) H (ton) MV ton.m MH (ton.m)
M 484.3727 322.48776
Gh -27.41843 -118.00875
Tag -161.7749868 -587.5996506
150% 484.3727 -189.1934168 322.48776 -705.6084006
100% 322.91513333 -126.1289446 -470.4056004
0.65 m
1.3 m
0.4 m
4.85 m
I III II I
0.3 m VI
0.5 m
1.45 0.6 1.45
III II
I. Potongan I - I
q = 1.08 tm/m2
II
III
IV V
7.20 m
Pa1
VI
Pa2
I I
Diketahui :
Ls = 8m
Pa total = 151.09 t
SM = M1 + M2 = 388.52209 tm
SM 388.52209
y= = = 2.5714 m
SP 151.09192
Tabel perhitungan gaya geser dan momen
Jarak Jarak V H Mx = H . y. My = V . x.
Beban
x (m) y (m) (ton) (ton) tm tm
Bangunan atas
a. Beban mati 0 0 60.4175 0 0
b. Beban hidup 0 0 58.323864 0 0
c. Gaya rem Rm - 6.55 2.9161932 19.101065340909 -
d. Gaya gesek Gg - 6.55 9.062625 59.36019375 -
e. Beban angin A - 6.55 2.1 13.755 -
f. Beban gempa Gh - 6.55 27.41843 179.5907165 -
g. Beban merata q 1.35 - 29.7 40.095
h. Plat injak 1 - 6.72 6.72
Bangunan bawah
a. Berat abutment
I 2.45 6.875 3.432 - - 8.4084
II 2.55 6.1 9.504 - - 24.2352
III 1.75 5.45 21.12 - - 36.96
IV 2.2833333 5.1166667 3.696 - - 8.4392
V 1.2166667 5.1166667 3.696 - - 4.4968
VI 1.75 2.625 87.912 - - 153.846
b. Tekanan tanah
Pa1 - 3.6 21.584561 77.704
Pa2 - 2.4 129.50736 310.818
284.52136 192.58917 660.329 283.201
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
3000 2 3771284653.7315
AS2 - 3000 . 960 . AS. + = 0
1.7 223.5 1000 0.8
Kontrol
1.4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.0046667
fy 300
As. 4908.74
rada = = = 0.0051133 Ok !!!
b. d 1000 . 960
= 0.0269131 Ok !!!
II. Potongan II - II
II I
1.7
0.3 1 II
Pp
0.5 2
1.45 0.6 1.45
II
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
3000 2 220733283.41291
AS2 - 3000 . 500 . AS. + = 0
1.7 223.5 1000 0.8
1.4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.0046667
fy 300
As. 2454.37
rada = = = 0.0049087 Ok !!!
b. d 1000 . 500
= 0.0269131 Ok !!!
0.65 m I
0.9 m
II
0.4 m
0.4 m III
IV
1.05 m V
VI
3.80 VII
0.3 m 1.75
VIII IX
0.5 m X
1.45 0.6 1.45
Tabel perhitungan gaya geser dan momen
Beban Berat G (ton) Jarak x (m) Jarak y (m) Mx = G . y. My = G . x.
Beban merata
Berat sayap
I 2.5272 2.1500 - - 5.433
II 4.68 2.2500 - - 10.530
III 1.44 2.2500 - - 3.240
IV 0.2016 0.7667 - - 0.155
V 4.8384 3.5000 - - 16.934
VI 4.788 2.3333 - - 11.172
VII 7.9344 1.0250 - - 8.133
VIII 0.3132 1.2667 - - 0.397
Berat Tanah
I 34.749 2.1500 74.710
II 64.35 2.2500 144.788
III 19.8 2.2500 44.550
IV 2.772 0.7667 2.125
V 66.528 3.5000 232.848
VI 65.835 2.3333 153.615
VII 109.098 1.0250 111.825
VIII 4.3065 1.2667 5.455
Berat Abutment
IX 5.742 0.7833 4.498
X 19.14 1.0250 19.618
Pa1 23.982845048287 - 4.0000 95.931
Pa2 159.88563365524 - 2.6667 426.362
522.293 850.027
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
3000 2 3277336500.5954
AS2 - 3000 . 500 . AS. + = 0
1.7 223.5 1000 0.8
1.4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.0046667
fy 300
As. 3926.99
rada = = = 0.007854 Ok !!!
b. d 1000 . 500
= 0.0269131 Ok !!!
1208
m
m
600
300
600
300
600
300
Perencanaan Bangunan Atas IV -1
BAB IV
PERENCANAAN BANGUNAN ATAS
(SUPER STRUKTUR)
10
45
100 100
100
45
100
%2 %2
%2 %2
%2 %2
20
20
Blk. Girder
700
Data-data perencanaan :
Panjang bentang : 24 m
Beban muatan sesuai Peraturan Muatan untuk Jembatan Jalan Raya No. SK 131. 28-1987
(khusus untuk lantai kendaraan menggunakan tabel Bitner)
1 1
h = L L
17 25
= 1.4706 - 1
I D2
II II D4
B4
B3
D1
III
B6
D5
IV IV
V D6
B2
Dimensi (mm)
D1 D2 D4 D5 D6 B1 B2 B3 B4 B6
1150 150 150 200 200 500 600 200 150 200
b. Akibat beban hidup dan beban mati tambahan yang dipikul oleh balok komposit
- Beban hidup trotoar diperhitungkan pengaruhnya terhadap balok gelagar utama sebesar
60 % dari beban hidup yang bekerja pada trotoar = 0.6 x 500 x 1.00
= 300 kg/m'
- Beban hidup/lalulintas terdiri dari
= 12 x 1.0
= 12 ton
p
p' = a s
2.75
Dimana :
12
p' = 1.0 1.75
2.75
= 7.636 t
q = 2.2 t/m
Untuk jembatan kelas I bekerja 100 % beban terbagi rata (g) yaitu :
q 2.2
q' = a s = 1.0 1.8
2.75 2.75
= 1.4 t/m'
K = 1+ 20 50 + L
= 1+ 20 50 + 25
= 1.2667
1
MG = WG L2
8
1 2
= 1044 25
8
= 81542.96875 kgm
1
Mp = qp L2
8
1 2
= 875 25
8
= 68359.375 kgm
d d d d d
RA RB
5d
RA = RB =
2
5 375
=
2
= 937.5 kg
= 9375 kgm
1 1 2
Mas = qas L2 = 192.5 25 = 15039.063 kgm
8 8
1 1 2
Mw = qw L2 = 87.5 25 = 6835.9375 kgm
8 8
1 1 2
Mtr = qtr L2 = 300 25 = 23437.5 kgm
8 8
1 1
ML1 = p' L K = 7.636 25 1.27 = 60.455 tm
4 4
= 60454.545 kgm
1 1 2
ML2 = q' L2 = 1.4 25 = 109.4 tm
8 8
= 109375 kgm
MD = MG + Mp + Md + Mas + Mw + Mtr
= 204589.844 kgm
ML = ML1 + ML2
= 60454.545 + 109375
= 169829.545 kgm
MT = MD + ML
= 37441938.9 kgcm
Hitung luas penampang beton dengan rumus :
MT
F =
0.65 h
37441938.9
=
0.65 x 115
= 500895.504 kg
500895.504
Ac =
0.5 x 225
50
15
I
62.146 cm
15
II II
15
20
115
III
20
52.854 cm
IV IV
20
V
20
60
TAHAP I
A3 = 80 x 20 = 1600 55 88000
A = 4175 s = 259458.33
S 259458.33
Yt = = = 62.146 cm
A 4175
Yb = h - Yt = 115 - 62.146
= 52.854 cm
3
I1 = 1/12 50 15 + 750 54.645709 2 = 2253677.600 cm4
3
I2 = 2 1/36 15 15 + 225 42.145709 2 = 802129.83837714 cm4
3 2
I3 = 1/12 20 80 + 1600 7.146 = 935031.175 cm4
3
3
I4 = 2 1/36 20 20 + 400 26.187625 2 = 557522.241 cm4
3 2
I5 = 1/12 60 20 + 1200 42.854 = 2243788.351 cm4
3
I = 6792149.206 cm4
- Perhitungan modulus penampang prategang.
I 6792149.206
Zt = = = 109293.938 cm3
Yt 62.146
I 6792149.206
Zb = = = 128507.053 cm3
Yb 52.854
I 6792149.206
i2 = = = 1626.862 cm2
A 4175
i2 1626.862
kt = = = 30.780 cm
Yb 52.854
i2 1626.862
kb = = = 26.178 cm
Yt 62.146
h = 115 cm Kt = 30.780 cm
i = 1626.862 cm Kb = 26.178 cm
be < l = 2 m
- Akibat perbedaan mutu beton antara plat lantai dan balok prategang maka perlu
disamakan kekuatan plat lantai dan balok prategang dengan mengalikan lebar efektif
Dengan demikian kekuatan plat dan balok dianggap sama untuk semua lebar plat dan
ditulis :
Le = n be
Le = 141.4 cm
20
Yct
Ycb
Sc 371242.605
Yct = = = 53.009 cm
Acomp 7003.427
Ycb = h + t - Yct
= 115 + 20 - 53.009
= 81.991 cm
2
3 2
= 6792149.206 + 4175 29.137 + 1/12 141.4 20 + 2828.4271 43.008705
= 10336577.914 + 5326160.3917496
= 15662738.306 cm4
I comp 15662738.306
Zct = = = 295474.832 cm3
Yct 53.009
I comp 15662738.306
Zcb = = = 191029.284 cm3
Ycb 81.991
I comp 15662738.306
i2 = = = 2236.439 cm2
A comp 7003.427
i2 2236.439
kct = = = 27.276543
Ycb 81.991
i2 2236.439
kcb = = = 42.190035
Yct 53.009
TAHAP II
Perhitngan tegangan-tegangan yang diakibatkan oleh beban mati yang harus dipikul oleh
balok prategang.
Mp 6835937.5
fpt = = = 62.546 kg/cm2
Zt 109293.938
Mp 6835937.5
fpb = = = 53.195 kg/cm2
Zb 128507.053
MG 8154296.875
fGt = = = 74.609 kg/cm2
Zt 109293.938
MG 8154296.875
fGb = = = 63.454 kg/cm2
Zb 128507.053
Md 937500
fdt = = = 8.578 kg/cm2
Zt 109293.938
Md 937500
fdb = = = 7.295 kg/cm2
Zb 128507.053
TAHAP III
Perhitungan tegangan - tegangan akibat beban mati dan beban hidup yang dipikul oleh
penampang komposit.
M as 1503906.25
fas ts = = = 5.090 kg/cm2
Zct 295474.832
Yct - t 53.009 - 20
fast = fas ts = 5.090 = 3.169 kg/cm2
Yct 53.009
M as 1503906.25
fasb = = = 7.873 kg/cm2
Zcb 191029.284
Mw 683593.75
fw ts = = = 2.314 kg/cm2
Zct 295474.832
Yct - t 53.009 - 20
fwt = fw ts = 2.314 = 1.441 kg/cm2
Yct 53.009
Mw 683593.75
fwb = = = 3.578 kg/cm2
Zcb 191029.284
Mtr 2343750
ftr ts = = = 7.932 kg/cm2
Zct 295474.832
Yct - t 53.009 - 20
ftrt = ftr ts = 7.932 = 4.939 kg/cm2
Yct 53.009
Mw 2343750
ftrb = = = 12.269 kg/cm2
Zcb 191029.284
Mw 16982954.545
fL ts = = = 57.477 kg/cm2
Zct 295474.832
Yct - t 53.009 - 20
fLt = fL ts = 57.477 = 35.791 kg/cm2
Yct 53.009
Mw 16982954.545455
fLb = = = 88.902 kg/cm2
Zcb 191029.284
= 37441938.920 kg cm
TAHAP IV
Dalam perencanaan tegangan tarik pada serat bawah beton prategang difungsikan, sehingga
= 236.567 - 35.35
= 201.217 kg/cm2
Perkiraan letak kawat prategang diambil 15 % dari tinggi (h) balok dari bagian dasar
x = 15 % . H = 0.15 . 115
= 17.25 cm
f = Yb - x = 52.854 - 17.25
= 35.604 cm
F Fe
f bpost = +
A Zb
F F 35.604
201.217 = +
4175 128507.053
= 389516.09729311 kg
Dari tabel VSL digunakan tendon VSL unit type 19 dengan nomor starnds 14
389516.09729311
n = = 2.0 2 tendon
196802.10
TAHAP V
F F. e
f b post = +
A Zb
393604.20 393604.20 x e
201.21698 = +
4175 128507.053
e = 34.91 cm
X = Yb - e = 52.85 - 34.91
= 17.94 cm
X diambil = 18 cm
e = 52.85 - 18 = 34.91 cm
2X = 1. 10 + 1. 15
25
X = = 12.5 cm
2
50 cm
Yt = 62.146 cm
115 cm
Yb = 52.85cm
e = 34.91 cm
15
x = 17.94 cm
20
60 cm
F F. e
f Ft = +
A Zt
F F. e
f Fb = -
A Zb
Pada daerah tumpuan tendon direncanakan diletakkan pada daerah dimana terletak
titik berat balok prategang sehingga e pada c.g.s =0, karena jumlah tendon yang digunakan
ada dua buah maka tendon diletakkan masing-masing dibawah dan diatas titik berat penampang
balok prategang dimana jarak antara tendon adalah 32,5 cm diukur dari as ke as dari tendon.
Yt
32.5
Yb
TAHAP VI
Kontrol tegangan-tegangan yang terjadi pada serat atas dan serat bawah
114.270
77.273
Gambar 4.11 Tegangan pada tengah bentang
Dari brosur VSL diperoleh untuk tipe tendon VSL 19 sc 19 tebal plat angker
= 265 mm, jadi tebal balok diperletakan diperbesar, bw = 265 + 2 . 100 = 465 mm
48 cm
I
15
1
II I II
1 cm 48 cm
6 cm III
IV IV
6
V
20
60 cm
A3 = 48 x 80 = 3840 55 211200
A = 5827 s = 346188.33
S 346188.33
Yt = = = 59.411 cm
A 5827
Yb = h - Yt = 115 - 59.411
= 55.589 cm
3
I1 = 1/12 50 15 + 750 51.911075 2 = 2035132.271 cm4
3
I2 = 2 1/36 1.0 1.0 + 1.0 44.077742 2 = 3885.7501554942 cm4
3 2
I3 = 1/12 48 80 + 3840 4.411 = 2122717.113 cm4
3
3
I4 = 2 1/36 6 6 + 36 33.588925 2 = 81303.544 cm4
3 2
I5 = 1/12 60 20 + 1200 45.589 = 2534020.112 cm4
3
I = 6777058.791 cm4
- Perhitungan modulus penampang prategang.
I 6777058.791
Zt = = = 114070.631 cm3
Yt 59.411
I 6777058.791
Zb = = = 121913.830 cm3
Yb 55.589
I 6777058.791
i2 = = = 1163.044 cm2
A 5827
i2 1163.044
kt = = = 20.922 cm
Yb 55.589
i2 1163.044
kb = = = 19.576 cm
Yt 59.411
= 111831.823 cm3
Sc 491012.605
Yct = = = 56.729 cm
Acomp 8655.427
Ycb = h + t - Yct
= 115 + 20 - 56.729
= 78.271 cm
= 9774947.707 + 6270398.5638116
= 16045346.271 cm4
I comp 16045346.271
i2 = = = 1853.790 cm2
A comp 8655.427
i2 1853.790
kct = = = 23.684215
Ycb 78.271
i2 1853.790
kcb = = = 32.678074
Yct 56.729
= 308224.507 cm3
Untuk menghindari tegangan yang berlebihan pada bagian akibat gaya prategang maka
tendon dibengkokkan keatas hingga titik berat tendon berimpit dengan titik berat penam-
pang prategang. Jadi tegangan yang terjadi pada ujung balok (prategang) adalah tega-
F 393604.20
ft = = = 67.548 kg/cm2 < f ci = 300 kg/cm2
A 5827
F 393604.20
fb = = = 67.548 kg/cm2 < f ci = 300 kg/cm2
A 5827
67.548
67.548
Gambar 4.13 Tegangan pada perletakan
B. Pada saat beban hidup bekerja (dipikul oleh penampang komposit)
a. Ditengah bentang
= 64.880 kg/cm2
+ 4.939 + 35.791
- 12.269 - 88.902
64.880
159.610
-19.605
b. Pada perletakan
F 393604.20
fct = = = 67.548 kg/cm2 < f cs = 225 kg/cm2
A 5827
F 393604.20
fcb = = = 67.548 kg/cm2 < f cs = 225 kg/cm2
A 5827
67.548
67.548
Gambar 4.15 Tegangan pada perletakan
TAHAP VII
Dimana :
1930 x 1.0197 . 10 2.
f nominal =
1417 . 10 -2.
= 13888.645025 kg/cm2
D fs1 = 7 % 13888.645025
= 972.20515 kg/cm2
F
D fs2 = n
A
= 4700 50
= 33234.019 Mpa
= 332340.18716 kg/cm2
n = Es = 1.98 . 10 6 = 5.958
Ec 332340.18716
F
Afs2 = n
A
393604.20
= 5.958
4175
= 561.68 kg/cm2
D fs3 = å Cs . Es
Dimana :
200 . 10 6
å Cs =
Log 10 (28 + 2)
Es = 1.98 . 10 6
200 . 10 6
D fe3 = 1.98 . 10 6
Log 10 (28 + 2)
= 132 kg/cm2
D fe4 = n . Ø . f 'c
Dimana :
= 4470 kg/cm2
D fe4 = f pj - f ps
Dimana :
(µ + kx)
f ps = f pj . e-
e = 2.7183
34.91
52.85 17.94
1/2 L = 13 M
4 . fx 4fx 4fx2
Y = (L-x) = -
L2 L L2
dy 4f 8fx
= -
dx L L2
dy
Untuk : x = 1/2 . L (ditengah bentang) = 0
dx
dy 4f
x = 0 (ujung bentang) =
dx L
4f
a = (radian)
L
4. 0.3491
= = 0.0558637
25
f ps = f pj . e - 0.0312
fpu
f pj = 0.85
As
Dari tabel brosur VSL diperoleh untuk VSL unit type 19 dengan nomor strands 14
As = 14.17 cm2
254925
f pj = 0.85 = 15291.90 kg/cm2
14.17
f ps = f pj . e - 0.0312
= 14822.56 kg/cm2
D fe4 = f pj - f ps
= 15291.90 - 14822.56
= 469.34 kg/cm2
Da . Es
D fe4 =
l
Dimana :
Es = 1980000
8 f2
l = L + .
3 L
dimana :
L = Panjang bentang
f = Tinggi maximum lengkung
69.104
36.604
35
20
f1 = 36.604 - 20 = 16.60
f2 = 69.104 - 35 = 34.10
2
8 0.341
l = 25 + . = 25.0124 m = 2501.24 cm
3 25
0.6 x 1980000
D fs4 =
2501.24
= 474.9643 kg/cm2
= 7080.19 kg/cm2
Δ fs total
% fs total = x 100 %
f pj
7080.19
= x 100 % = 46.30 %
15291.90
= 130.16 % x 393604.20
= 512315.23 kg
512315.23
Untuk 1 buah tendon =
2
= 256157.61336 kg
f t = fFOt + f gt
f b = fFOb + f gb
2. Pada perletakan
35.791
88.902
2. Pada perletakan
0.15
I
1 II
0.5
III IV
0.5 8.75
19 22.15 m
6.4
6
0.5 VI VII
1 VIII 1
1.5 1 1.5
27.15 65.16
Tekanan air pada pier (P) = K . V2 Dimana : K = Koef. Bentuk = 0,075 (balok persegi)
V= 6.435 m/det
P = 0.075 . 6.435 2 = 3.106 t/m2
Penulangan Pier
0.15
I
1 II
0.5
III IV
0.5 8.75
19 22.15 m
6.4
6
0.5 VI VII
1 VIII 1
1.5 1 1.5
Bangunan bawah
a. Berat abutment
I 0.5 22.075 0.36 - - 0.18
II 0 21.5 4.8 - - 0
III 0.66667 20.8333 0.3 - - 0.2
IV 0.66667 20.8333 0.3 - - 0.2
V 0 11 48 - - 0
VI 1 1.16667 0.9 - - 0.9
VII 1 1.16667 0.9 - - 0.9
VIII 0 0.5 9.6 - - 0
b. Tekanan Air
Pa - 9.13333 19.8754 181.528
220.321 61.3726 453.335 49.195
Penulangan Pier
0.15
I
1 II
I III IV I
0.5
0.5 8.75
19 22.15 m
6.4
II III II
6
0.5 VI VII
1 VIII 1
1.5 1 1.5
III
I. Potongan I - I
sa 1740
fo = = = 0.83254
n . sb 19 . 110
M 86037.5
eo1 = = = 0.41182 m
N 208921
1 1
eo2 = . ht = . 1 = 0.033 m
30 30
eo 0.44515
= = 0.445 Dari tabel diperoleh C = 7.58
ht 1
lk 1
e1 = C 2 ht = 7.58 1 = 0.0758 m
100 . ht 100 . 1
e2 = 0,15 . ht = 0.15 m
e = eo + e1 + e2 = 0.67095 m
h = ht - 5 = 95 cm
95
Ca = = 1.87861
19 . 234191
1 . 1740.0
ea 1.12095
= = 1.18 Dari tabel diperoleh i = 3.97
h 0.95
371.95
A = A' = = 93.69 cm2 (tulangan simetris)
II. Potongan II - II
sa 1740
fo = = = 0.83254
n . sb 19 . 110
M 1566778.1798
eo1 = = = 6.9205 m
N 226396.73309
1 1
eo2 = . ht = . 1 = 0.033 m
30 30
eo 6.95383
= = 6.954 Dari tabel diperoleh C = 7.7
ht 1
lk 1
e1 = C 2 ht = 7.7 1 = 0.077 m
100 . ht 100 . 1
e2 = 0,15 . ht = 0.15 m
e = eo + e1 + e2 = 7.18083 m
h = ht - 5 = 95 cm
95
Ca = = 0.69167
19 . 1727595
1 . 1740.0
ea 7.63083
= = 8.032 Dari tabel diperoleh i = 1.47
h 0.95
1755.5
A = A' = = 1194 cm2 (tulangan simetris)
1.47
V M 220.321 146.663
smax = + = + = 85.9649 t/m
A w 5.250 3.33333
V M 220.321 146.663
smin = - = - = -2.0329 t/m
A w 5.250 3.33333
###
###
Mmaks = 1/8 . q . l2 = 103.992 tm
N = 116.76
Dik : K 325 s'b = 110 kg/cm2
n = 19
U32 sa = 1740 kg/cm2
sa 1740
fo = = = 0.83254
n . sb 19 . 110
M 103992
eo1 = = = 0.89065 m
N 116760
1 1
eo2 = . ht = . 1 = 0.033 m
30 30
eo 0.92398
= = 0.924 Dari tabel diperoleh C = 7.69
ht 1
lk 1
e1 = C 2 ht = 7.69 1 = 0.0769 m
100 . ht 100 . 1
e2 = 0,15 . ht = 0.15 m
e = eo + e1 + e2 = 1.15088 m
h = ht - 5 = 95 cm
95
Ca = = 2.10279
19 . 186919
1 . 1740.0
ea 1.60088
= = 1.685 Dari tabel diperoleh i = 2
h 0.95
134.25
A = = 67.13 cm2
2
qc . A STf . K A = 1/4 p d2
Q = +
3 5 = 1/4 . 3,14 . 40 2
= 1256 cm 2
= 51.0773 ton
0.50
1.25
1.25
0.50
S ³ 3
Sn = 150 cm dan Sm = 125 cm
P1
P2 P0
P3
X3 X4 P4
P5
X2 X5 P6
X1 X6
Analogi :
P2 : P1 = X1 : X2 P4 = P1. (X4/X1)
M. X1
P1 =
(2X1 + X2 + 2X32 + 2 X42 + X52 + 2 X62)
2 2
DIMANA :
X1 = 4.5 m X4 = 1.5 m
X2 = 3.0 m X5 = 3.0 m
X3 = 1.5 m X6 = 4.5 m
404.14035 x 4.50
PM =
( 2. 4.5 ^2 + 3.0 ^2 + 2. 1.5 ^2 + 2. 1.5 ^2 + 3.0 ^2 + 2. 4.5 ^2)
1818.63157
PM = = 16.839 Ton
108.00
V
PMAKS = + PM
n
#NAME?
PMAKS = + 16.839
11
A B B A
A A
C D C
D E C
C A
A B A
B
A B
1. Metode Feld
3 8
Effisiensi Tiang A = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang B = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang C = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang D = 1 - =
11 11
8 32
4 Buah Tiang A = 4 x Eff A = 4 =
11 11
7 28
4 Buah Tiang B = 4 x Eff B = 4 =
11 11
7 14
2 Buah Tiang C = 2 x Eff C = 2 =
11 11
7 7
1 Buah Tiang D = 1 x Eff D = 1 =
11 11
81
Total Eff. = = 7.3636
11
7.3636
Effisiensi Satu Tiang = = 0.6694
11
q (n - 1) m + (m - 1) n
SFf . N = 1 - .
90 m .n
Dimana : 40
q = Arc Tan = 17.7447 0
125
m = 3
n = 7
17.74 7- 1 3+ 3- 1 7
SFf . N = 1 - .
90 3. 7
= 0.69956
= 47.6812 ton
1256 . 156767
Kv = 2.2925 . = 180557 kg/cm
2500
E = 156767 kg/cm
p
I = . D4 = 125664 cm4
64
4 k.D
b = = 0.0071956072 cm-1
4EI
k = ko . y-1/2 = 5.2812204 kg/cm2
ko = 0,2 . Eo . D-3/4 = 5.28122
Eo = 28 N = 420 kg/cm2
Untuk kemiringan tiang pancang dianggap qi = 0, hal ini adalah kondisi kritis pada
stabilitas abutment.
dx = 0.37956589 cm
dy = 0.11093033 cm
a = 0.00272744 rad
Pni = Kv . dyi
PHi = K1 dx - K2 a
PH1 = 5579.32888 kg
PH2= 5579.32888 kg
PH3 = 5579.32888 kg
Mt1 = -1066.8189 kg m
Mt2= -1066.8189 kg m
Mt3 = -1066.8189 kg m
a. diangkat
a L - 2a a
M1 M3
M2
4a2 + 4a L - L2 =0 L = 10 m
4a2 + 4a 10 - 10 2= 0
4 a2 + 40 a - 100 = 0
Dengan rumus ABC diperoleh :
a1 = 2.071068
a2 = -12.0711 (tidak memenuhi)
b. diangkat
2a2 - 4a 10 - 10 2= 0
L-a 2 a2 + 20 a - 100 = 0
Dengan rumus ABC diperoleh :
a1 = 3.660254
a2 = -13.6603 (tidak memenuhi)
Jadi keadaan yang paling menentukan adalah keadaan b. (Mmaks = 2020.29 kgm)
Penulangan diambil = 6 f 19