BAB I
KEDALAMAN PENGGERUSAN
Data Sungai :
+ 10.4 + 10.4
A B = 25 m
MAB : + 7.38 B
+ 3.32
C
b = 20 m
K = b + 2 h 1 + m2
2
= 20 + 2 . 4.06 1 + 0.62
= 29.536 m
Jadi A 91.35
R = = = 3.0928 m
K 29.536
= 6.4348 m/dt
588 0.333
= 0.473 .
1.25
= 3.6707 m
p p 4 4
I = . D4 - d4 = . 7.62 - 7.16 = 36.502 cm4
64 64
p p 3 3
W = . D3 - d3 = . 7.62 - 7.16 = 7.4043 cm4
32 32
Perhitungan pembebanan :
- Berat sendiri = 4.1934 kg/m
- Beban luar (beban orang) = 100 kg/m
qv = 104.19 kg/m
2 2 2 2
qtot = qv + qh = 104.19 + 100
= 144.42 kg/m
Kontrol lendutan :
M 708148.68
fytd = = = 95.64 N/mm2
W 7404.2799
250 250
fizin = = = 217.39 N/mm2
gm 1.15 fytd < fizin Aman !!!
45 cm Pot. I - I
I I
h = 16 cm
cm
65
b= 10 cm
16 cm 100 cm
Direncanakan :
- Ukuran tiang sandaran = 10 . 16 cm2
- Jarak antar tiang = 2 m
- gbeton = 2.5 t/m3
a. Beban vertikal
- Berat sendiri pipa sandaran = 2 . 4.1934 . 2.00 = 16.774 kg
- Berat sendiri tiang sandaran = 0.1 . 0.16 . 1 . 2500 = 40 kg
N = 56.774 kg
a. Beban horisontal
Tiang-tiang sandaran pada tepi jembatan harus diperhitungkan untuk dapat menahan
beban sebesar 100 kg/m yang bekerja pada setinggi 90 cm diatas lantai kendaraan.
(PPPJJR, SKBI - 1.3.28 - 1987)
P = 100 . 2 = 200 kg
M = 200 . 1.1 . = 220 kgm = 2157540 Nmm
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
2
2400 2157540
AS2 - 2400 . 160 . AS. + = 0
1.7 250 100 0.8
Kontrol
1.4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.0058
fy 240
As. 5.67
rada = = = 0.0354 Ok !!!
b. d 10 . 16
= 0.0403 Ok !!!
4
1. Lantai trotoar
P= 100 kg/m'
2
10 qLL = 500 kg/m
90 16 I
20
20
I
75
25
56 20 45 1.75 m
16 50
h = 20 - 3 = 17 cm
sa 1740
fo = = = 0.8325
n . sb 19 . 110
17
Ca = = 9.6413
19 . 284.72
1740 . 1.0
0.0115
A = . 100 . 17 = 1.03 cm2
19
A = 4.25 cm2
28472
h' = = 3.4053 cm
100 24.554
Mu 28472
sb ytd = = = 2.6739
A.h.f.n.z 5.65 . 17 . 6.14 . 19 . 0.95
1
Mxm = . 0.199 = 0.066 tm
3
* Beban hidup- T :
- Beban roda :
T = 10 ton (Kelas I = 100 % . 10 = 10 ton
- Bidang kontak 40 . 70 cm2
:
10
- Muatan T disebarkan : T = = 35.714 t/m2
0.4 . 0.7
50 20
5 5
10 10
450 10 10
b = 0.7 a = 0.4
0
a = 20 +2 0.5 20 tg 45 = 40 cm = 0.4 m
0
b = 50 +2 0.5 20 tg 45 = 70 cm = 0.7 m
T 10
WL = =
a b 0.4 0.7
Momen total :
Arah - x : Mxm = 0.199 + 1.4985 = 1.6976 tm/m'
Arah - y : Mym = 0.066 + 1.274 = 1.3403 tm/m'
* Dicari momen pada saat 2 (dua) roda berdekatan dengan jarak antara as ke as
minimum = 1,00 m
50 50
100
0.4
10
10
70 30 70 72.5 10
72.5
175
Luas bidang kontak diatas dapat dihitung atas 2 keadaan (I & II) sebagai berikut :
(I) (II)
= -
= 0.2714
0.3 - 0.2286
0.2160 + . 0.2237 - 0.2160 = 0.2215
0.3 - 0.2
0.3 - 0.2286
0.1915 + . 0.2215 - 0.1915 = 0.2129
0.3 - 0.2
Bagian - II : tx = 30 tx 30
= = 0.17143 fxm = 0.22971
Ix = 175 Ix 175
ty = 40 ty 40
= = 0.22857 fym = 0.12445
Ix = 175 Ix 175
Jadi :
Mxm = (I) - (II) = 6.7850 - 0.9845 = 5.8005 tm/m
Mym = (I) - (II) = 5.3231 - 0.5334 = 4.7897 tm/m
Momen total :
Mxm = 0.199 + 5.8005 = 5.9996 tm/m
Mym = 0.066 + 4.7897 = 4.8561 tm/m
Dengan membandingkan momen Mxm dan Mym untuk beban 1 (satu) roda terhadap beban
2 (dua) roda diperoleh momen yang menentukan adalah sebagai berikut :
arah - x : Mxm = 5.9996 tm/m
arah - y : Mym = 4.8561 tm/m
0.3 - 0.2286
0.1053 + 0.128 - 0.1053 = 0.122
0.3 - 0.2
0.3 - 0.2286
0.1111 + 0.1372 - 0.1111 = 0.1297
0.3 - 0.2
0.3 - 0.2286
0.12151 + 0.1297 - 0.12151 = 0.12738
0.3 - 0.2
Penulangan :
arah - x : Mxm = 6000 kgm
h = 20 - 4 = 16 cm
16
Ca = = 1.9768
19 . 6000
1740 . 1.0
Ca = 1.9768 ) nw = 0.0682
d = 0.2 ) f = 2.333 > fo (OK)
0.0682
A = . 100 . 16 = 5.74 cm2
19
17
Ca = = 2.3345
19 . 4856
1740 . 1.0
Ca = 2.3345 ) nw = 0.0434
d = 0.2 ) f = 3 > fo (OK)
0.0434
A = . 100 . 17 = 3.88 cm2
19
dipilih tulangan : f 12 - 15 = 7.54 cm2
2 . 5 . 1 . 150
Gaya pada roda =
1.75
2
= 857.14
= 0.857 Ton
ket : - tinggi kendaraan (2m)
1.75 - Lebar kendaraan (5 m)
Ditinjau akibat beban 1 (satu) roda (yang menentukan) pada tengah-tengah pelat :
Mxm = 0.1499 . 38.776 . 0.40 . 0.70 = 1.6269 tm/m
Mym = 0.1274 . 38.776 . 0.40 . 0.70 = 1.3831 tm/m
Momen total :
Mxm = 0.199 + 1.6269 = 1.8260 tm/m
Mym = 0.066 + 1.3831 = 1.4495 tm/m
mu 31.605
= = 1332.638 KN/m
b d2
2
1.0 0.154
mu 8) hal 46
= 1300 ρ = 0.0071
b d2
mu
= 1400 ρ = 0.0076
b d2
mu
= 1332.638
b d2
1332.64 - 1300
ρ = 0.0071 + 0.0076 - 0.0071
100
= 0.00726
As = ρ b d
= 0.00726 x 1000 x 154
= 1118.5 mm2
- Tulanganlapangan arah y :
mu 23.988
= = 1011.456 KN/m
b d2
2
1.0 0.154
mu 8) hal 46
= 1000 ρ = 0.0054
b d2
mu
= 1100 ρ = 0.0059
b d2
mu
= 1011.456
b d2
1011.46 - 1000
ρ = 0.0054 + 0.0059 - 0.0054
100
= 0.00546
As = ρ b d
= 0.00546 x 1000 x 154
= 840.42 mm2
M tumpuan = 1 12 . WD . L2
= 1 12 . 375 . 1.75 2
M lapangan = 1 24 . WD . L2
= 1 24 . 375 . 1.75 2
= 500 - 40 - 8 - 0.5 16
= 444 mm
MD = 0.479 KNm
= 0.574 KNm
mu 0.574
= = 9.709 KN/m
b d2
2
0.30 0.444
Diambil ρ = ρ min = 0.0058
As = ρ min b d
= 772.56 mm2
2 Tulangan tumpuan
MD = 0.957 KNm
= 1.148 KNm
mu 1.148
= = 19.419 KN/m
b d2
2
0.30 0.444
As = ρ min b d
= 772.56 mm2
Digunakan tulangan 4 Ø 16 = 804 mm2 > 772.56
Kontrol lebar balok
2 x 40 (selimut beton) = 80 mm
total = 235 mm
50
30 30
0
= = ####
0 . 0
0 . 1.0
= #### ) nw = 0.0711
= 0.2 ) f = 2.279 > fo (OK)
0.0711 cm2
= . 100 . 0 = ###
0
dipilih tulangan : f - 15 = 7.54
#
### cm2
dipilih tulangan : f - 30 = 1.68 cm2
8
1449 tm/m
h = ### - 3 = ### cm cm2
#REF!
= = #REF!
0 . 1449
0 . 1.0
= #REF! ) nw = 0.0393
= 0.2 ) f = 3.167 > fo (OK)
0.0393 cm2
= . 100 . 0 = ###
0
dipilih tulangan : f # - 15 = 7.54
### cm2
dipilih tulangan : f 8 - 30 = 1.68 cm2
Ca
25 / 45 cm2
Ca
d Pembebanan :
- Akibat berat sendiri balok = 0.25 . 0.45 . 2500 . 1
A = 281.25 kg/m'
arah - y : M
Mym
= = 86.133 kgm h= 45 - 5 = 40 cm
40
Ca = = 41.245
Ca 19 . 86.13
1740 . 1.0
Ca 12 b .h 12 . 25 . 40
= = 4.32 cm2
d s*au #
A 4 f 12 =
4.32 cm2
4.52 cm2
A' = 0,2 A =
*
H1
H2
Jadi A = Amin =
Berat sendiri
16 15 100 cm
Beban
W1 hidup
= 0.2 x 1.15 x 2500 x 1.00 = 575 Kg
45
Gaya
W2horisontal
= 0.2pada
x tiang
1.00sandaran
x 2200 x 1.00 = 440 kg
20
20
W3 = 0.05 x 1.00 x 2000 x 1.00 = 100 kg
20
Gaya horisontal pada kerb:
W4 = 16.8 + 40 = 56.8 kg
-
1.15 1.00 1.00 0.16
= W1 + W2 + W3 + W4 + 1.00 + H1 1.10
2 2 2 2
- Mu
+ H2 0.20
-
= 871.94 Kgm
- 1.00
= W5
2
= 250 Kgm
-
= 1.2 MD + 1.6 ML
Momen yang
= terjadi
1.2 871.94
pada potongan
+ 1.6
I - I 250
200 mm
= 40 mm
= 12 mm
l 115
= = = 8.85 cm < h = # cm (ok)
13 13
d = h - p - 0.5
= 200 - 40 - 0.5 12
= 154 mm
Direncanakan
Mu tebal14.174
plat h = KN/m2
2 = 2 = 597.656
Tebal penutup
b . D2
d beton
1.0 0.15
perkiraan diameter tulangan utama :
Kontrol hmin
= 25 Mpa ; fy = 240 Mpa
Perhitungan tulangan : *….) hal 46
Mu
= 500 ρ = 0.0026
d2 :
Tinggi befektif
. D2
Mu
= 600 ρ = 0.0032
d2
b . D2
Mu
= 597.656 KN/m2
d2
b . D2
597.656 - 500 0
ρ = 0.0026 + - 0.0026
100
Dari tabel 5.1.c
= 0.0032
f'c
ρ min = 0.0025 (tabel 7)
0.25 b h
As =
Beban-beban yang100
bekerja pada lantai kendaraan :
H1 = 100 kg
#
45
45
20
20 H2 = 500 kg
16 15 100
Beban-beban yang bekerja pada lantai trotoar per meter panjang jembatan:
= 56.387 kg
+ H2 0.2
.
= 922.98 kgm
1.0 1.0
ML = W4 = 500 = 250 kgm
2 2
Mu = 1.2 MD + 1.6 ML
L 115
Kontrol hmin = = = 8.846 < 20 cm
13 13
d = h - p - 0.5 ØD
= 200 - 40 - 0.5 12
= 154 mm
mu 15.076
= = 635.679 KN/m
b d2
2
1.0 0.154
mu
= 635.679 KN/m
b d2
635.68 - 600
ρ = 0.0032 + 0.0037 - 0.0032
100
= 0.00338
As = ρ b d
= 0.00338 x 1000 x 154
= 520.27 mm2
0.25 x b x h
As =
100
0.25 x 1000 x 200
=
100
= 500 mm2
1.1
q = . 25 - 30 = -0.0917 t/m
60
-0.0917 . 1.75
q = = -0.0583 t/m
2.75
- Beban garis P = 12 t
20
- Koefisien kejut = 1 + = 1.27
50 + 25.0
12 . 2.00
P' = . 1.2667 = 11.055 t/m
2.75
Langkah 1
Rencana penampang balok adalah sbb :
50
20 I
I
15 II II
15 15
20
15
55 135
III
25 25 Potongan A - A
25 IV IV
V
20
70
20 I
BAGIAN LUAS (cm2) Yi MOMEN STATIS I
15 II II
I 1000 125 125000
II 225 110 24750 74.862 15 15
III 1900 67.5 128250 20
IV 625 28.333 17708.33333 60 135
V 1400 10 14000 III
TOTAL 5150 309708.3333 25 25
60.138 25 IV IV
Statis momen 309708.3333
Yb = = = 60.138 cm V
Luas 5150 20
Ix 10385480.72
Zt = = = 138727.4848 cm3
Yt 74.862
Ix 10385480.72
Zb = = = 172695.4684 cm3
Yb 60.138
f 'c = 25 MPa
Balok pracetak
prategang
Ec = 115.38 kg/cm2
Dengan mengambil lebar manfaat lantai = 0,8 x 3.2 = 2.56 m, maka dapat dianggap bahwa kekakuan
beton pratekan dan lantai adalah sama.
Tabel 1
Balok pratekan sendiri
Tabel 2
A Y A.Y A.Y2 Io
Penampang 2 3 4
(Cm ) (Cm) (Cm ) (Cm ) (Cm4 )
Lantai 2560 10 25600 256000 170666.667
Balok 5150 94.862 488541.6667 46344264.09 10385480.7
Jumlah 7710 104.86246 514141.6667 46600264.09 10556147.38
I Composit 22870853.32
Zct = = = 342968.2722 Cm3
Yct 66.685
I Composit 22870853.32
Zcb = = = 258969.1893 Cm3
Ycb 88.315
-0.0917 . 1.75
q = = -0.0583 t/m
2.75
- Beban titik
12 . 2.00
P' = . 1.2667 = 11.055 t/m
2.75
Tabel 3
Hasil-hasil yang diperoleh dari langkah 2 & 3
ft fb f ts
Momen (kg.cm)
(kg/cm2 ) (kg/cm2 ) (Cm3 )
MG = 9656250 69.60588967 -55.91490089 -
Mss = 6835937.5 49.27601413 -39.58376883 -
Mdd = 2197265.625 15.83871883 -12.72335427 -
Mws = 3417968.75 6.976915521 -13.19836062 9.965845319
ML = -455729.1667 -0.930255403 1.759781416 -1.328779376
MPS = 3454545.455 7.051577578 -13.33960022 10.07249281
ML = 3375000 6.889205726 -13.03243837 9.840560407
Total 154.708066 -146.0326418
f ts
t
f
ytc +
ybc
-
fb
bo
F F.e
fc sisa = +
A Zb
F F . 40.1
137.37932 = +
5150 172695.4684
F = 322038.54 Kg
74.86 cm
135 cm
CGC
60.14 cm CGS
e = 40.138 cm
20 cm
Digunakan kawat pratekan tipe 270K f 1/2" dengan final force = 17615 lbs = 824498 kg
322038.54
Jumlah kawat yang diperlukan = = 0.39
824497.5
Digunakan sebanyak 1 buah kawat
0m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5.625 m 4224609.4 m 30.5 m -24.463 2990722.7 m 21.6 m -17.318 1495361.3 m 4.36 m -5.7743 1476562.5 m
11.25 m 7242187.5 m 52.2 m -41.936 5126953.1 m 37 m -29.688 2563476.6 m 7.47 m -9.8988 2531250 m
15 m 8583333.3 m 61.9 m -49.702 6076388.9 m 43.8 m -35.186 3038194.4 m 8.86 m -11.732 3000000 m
22.5 m 9656250 69.606 -55.915 6835937.5 49.276 -39.584 3417968.75 9.9658 -13.198 3375000
0 0 0 0 0
f = 5.2 m
2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m 2,5 m
L = 40 m
Pu = 160 kg
qu = 115 kg/m
A 2.5 m
1 2 160 . 2.5
= (-) . 115 . 2.5 + (-)
12 8
= -110 kgm
2 EI EI = konstan
MAB = MFAB + 2 qA + qB
L
2 EI
MBA= MFBA + qA + 2qB
L
Gaya dalam
Bentang AC ( 0 < x < 1.25 )
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
2
3000 1100000
AS2 - 3000 . 160 . AS. + = 0
1.7 224 200 0.8
2
Dengan rumus ABC diperoleh : AS. = 2.867 cm
2 f 15 = 3.53 cm2
Tulangan tekan AS' = 0,25 . AS = 0.72 cm2
2 f 10 = 1.57 cm2
Kontrol
1.4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.0047
fy 300
As. 3.53
rada = = = 0.011 Ok !!!
b. d 20 . 16
= 0.0269 Ok !!!
Pu = 448 kg
Mu = 210 kgm
20 x 20 cm
Lu = 5.2 m
Penulangan Kolom
~ Mengecek pengaruh kelangsingan kolom
Untuk komponen struktur tekan yang tidak ditahan terhadap goyangan ke samping, pengaruh
kelangsingan dapat diabaikan jika memenuhi :
k . Lu
< 22 SK. SNI T - 15 - 1991 - 03. 33 11 4)
r
dimana :
k = faktor tekuk = 1
lu = panjang kolom = 5.2
3
I 1 / 12 . 20 . 20
r = radius girasi = = = 5.7735
A 20 . 20
atau r = 0,3 . h. = 0.3 . 20 = 6
Jadi :
k . Lu 1 . 5.2
= = 86.667 > 22
r 0.06
Cm
d = > 1
Pu
1 -
f . Pc
Dimana : Cm = 1 (konservatif)
Pu = 0.448 ton
2
p . EI
Pc =
(k . Lu)2
Ec . Ig
EI =
2,5 . (1 + bd)
Ec = 4700 . fc' = 4700 22.4 = 22219.620 Mpa = 2221962.0 t/m2
Ig = 1/12 . b. h3 =
1
Ig = . 0.2 . 0.2 3 = 0.0001333 m4
12
1,2 . qdl 1.2 . 96
Bd = = = 0.4186
1,2 . qdl + 1,6 . qll 1.2 . 96 + 1.6 . 100
diperoleh :
2221962.0 . 0.0001333
EI = = 83.53605661
2.5 . ( 1 + 0.4186 )
p2 . 83.536057
Pc = = 30.46
Pc = 2
= 30.46
1 . 5.2
1
d = = 1.023 > 1 Ok !!!
0.448
1 -
0.65 . 30.46
Mu = 0.21 tm
Mc = d . Mu
= 1.0232 . 0.21 = 0.2149 tm
Hitung :
Pu 0.448
Pn perlu = = = 0.6892 ton
f 0.65
Mc 0.2149
Mn perlu = = = 0.3306 tm
f 0.65
Eksentrisitas :
Mn perlu 0.330556619
e = = = 0.4796 = 479.6
Pn perlu 0.689230769
Hitung nilai r
~ Sumbu vertikal
Pu 4480
= = 0.0091
f . Ag . 0,85 . fc' 0.65 . 200 . 200 . 0.85 . 22.4
~ Sumbu horizontal
Pu e 479.6
. = 0.0091 . = 0.0218
f . Ag . 0,85 . Fc' h 200
1.75
Beban garis : P = 12 . . 1.22 = 9.33 ton
2.75
1.75
Beban merata : P = 2.2 . . 1.22 = 1.71 ton
2.75
0.8839 t 0.8839 t
3.3986 a b c d
A a b c
1m 1m 1m 17 m
2
Md = 73.822 . 20 - 0.8839 . 30 - 0.5 . 3.3986 . 20
= 770.2 tm
2
Mc = 73.822 . 3 - 0.8839 . 3.5 - 0.5 . 3.3986 . 3
= 203.08 tm
2
Mb = 73.822 . 2 - 0.8839 . 2 - 0.5 . 3.3986 . 2
= 139.08 tm
bk b0
t 20
= = 0.22
h 90
Penulangan :
Md = 77020 kgm
h = 95 - 5 = 90 cm
90
Ca = = 4.1054
19 . 77020
1740 . 1.7500
Ca = 4.1054 )
nw = 0.0773
d = 0.2 ) f = 2.175 > fo (OK)
0.0773
A = . 175 . 90 = 64.1 cm2
19
2
15 f 22 = 57.02 cm
8 D 8 4082.125
td = . = . = 2.59 < tb = 6.5 kg/cm2
7 bh 7 20 . 90
Mc = 20308 kbm
90
Ca = = 7.5993
19 . 20308
1740 . 1.581
0.1091
A = . 175 . 90 = 90.4 cm2 12 f 1"
19
8 D 8 61858.51389
tc = . = . = 39.3 <t= 5.5 kg/cm2
7 bh 7 20 . 90
Mb = 139079 kgm
90
Ca = = 2.9656
19 . 139079
1740 . 1.649
0.0589
A = . 175 . 90 = 48.8 cm2 7 f 1"
8 D 8 66141.0625
tb = . = . = 42 <t= 5.5 kg/cm2
7 bh 7 20 . 90
Ma = 71239 kgm
90
Ca = = 4.1862
19 . 71239
1740 . 1.683
0.0309
A = . 175 . 90 = 25.6 cm2 4 f 1"
19
8 D 8 69539.67361
ta = . = . = 44.2 >t= 5.5 kg/cm2
7 bh 7 20 . 90
As . sa 1.43 . 1400
tyang terjadi = = = 5.01 kg/cm2 > tsisa (OK)
b .d 20 . 20
~ Abutment II
Elevasi Sondir = + 85.2 m
Elevasi Kaki poer = + 78.2 m
Elevasi tanah keras = + 85.2 - 15 = 70.2 m
Direncanakan panjang tiang pancang = 15 - 7 = 8 10 m
Data sondir : qc = 150 kg/cm2
STf = 800 kg/cm
~ Abutment I
qc . A STf . K A = 1/4 p d2
Q = + 2
3 5 = 1/4 . 3,14 . 40
= 1256 cm2
= 83.524 ton
~ Abutment II
qc . A STf . K A = 1/4 p d2
Q = + 2
3 5 = 1/4 . 3,14 . 40
2
= 1256 cm
= 82.896 ton
0.50
1.25
1.25
0.50
S 3
Sn = 150 cm dan Sm = 125 cm
P1
P2 P0
P3
X3 X4 P4
P5
X2 X5 P6
X1 X6
Analogi :
P2 : P1 = X1 : X2 P4 = P1. (X4/X1)
M. X1
P1 =
(2X1 + X2 + 2X3 + 2 X42 + X52 + 2 X62)
2 2 2
DIMANA :
M = 521.78769 - 289.58496 = 232.20273
X1 = 4.5 m X4 = 1.5 m
X2 = 3.0 m X5 = 3.0 m
X3 = 1.5 m X6 = 4.5 m
232.20273 x 4.50
PM =
( 2. 4.5 ^2 + 3.0 ^2 + 2. 1.5 ^2 + 2. 1.5 ^2 + 3.0 ^2 + 2. 4.5 ^2)
1044.91229
PM = = 9.675 Ton
108.00
V
PMAKS = + PM
n
793.8549
PMAKS = + 9.675
11
A B B A
C D C
A B A
B
1. Metode Feld
3 8
Effisiensi Tiang A = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang B = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang C = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang D = 1 - =
11 11
8 32
4 Buah Tiang A = 4 x Eff A = 4 =
11 11
7 28
4 Buah Tiang B = 4 x Eff B = 4 =
11 11
7 14
2 Buah Tiang C = 2 x Eff C = 2 =
11 11
7 7
1 Buah Tiang D = 1 x Eff D = 1 =
11 11
81
Total Eff. = = 7.3636
11
7.3636
Effisiensi Satu Tiang = = 0.6694
11
q (n - 1) m + (m - 1) n
SFf . N = 1 - .
90 m .n
Dimana : 40 0
q = Arc Tan = 17.745
125
m = 3
n = 7
17.7 7 - 1 3 + 3 - 1 7
SFf . N = 1 - .
90 3 . 7
= 0.6996
= 77.298 ton
= 76.858 ton
1256 . 156767
Kv = 2.2925 . = 180557 kg/cm
2500
E = 156767 kg/cm
p
I = . D4 = 125664 cm4
64
4 k.D
b = = 0.007195607 cm-1
4EI
k = ko . y-1/2 = 5.2812204 kg/cm2
ko = 0,2 . Eo . D-3/4 = 5.2812
Eo = 28 N = 420 kg/cm2
Untuk kemiringan tiang pancang dianggap qi = 0, hal ini adalah kondisi kritis pada
stabilitas abutment.
dx = 0.8583974 cm
dy = 0.3997006 cm
a = 0.0063339 rad
Pni = Kv . dyi
PHi = K1 dx - K2 a
PH1 = 12279.805 kg
PH2= 12279.805 kg
PH3 = 12279.805 kg
Mt1 = 44557.953 kg m
Mt2= 44557.953 kg m
Mt3 = 44557.953 kg m
Kontrol !!!
SHi = n . PHi = 159637.47
SVi = 5 . PN1 + 3 PN2 + 5 PN3 =
Mti = S (Mti + Vi . Xi)
= n . Mti + 5 V1 . 125 + 5 V3 (-125)
=
a. diangkat
a L - 2a a
M1 M3
M2
4a2 + 4a L - L2 =0 L = 15 m
4a2 + 4a 15 - 15 2
= 0
4 a2 + 60 a - 225 = 0
Dengan rumus ABC diperoleh :
a1 = 3.1066
a2 = -18.107 (tidak memenuhi)
b. diangkat
2a2 - 4a 15 - 15 2
= 0
L-a 2 a2 + 30 a - 225 = 0
Dengan rumus ABC diperoleh :
a1 = 5.4904
a2 = -20.49 (tidak memenuhi)
Jadi keadaan yang paling menentukan adalah keadaan b. (Mmaks = 4545.7 kgm)
Penulangan diambil = 12 f 19
BAB III
PERHITUNGAN KONSTRUKSI BANGUNAN BAWAH
1
I
0.7
II
0.7 III IV
4.1 Pa1
Pp1
0.2 VI VII
Pp2
0.4 VIII
Pp3
2 1 2
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
Luas (F)
Bagian X Y F.X F.Y
m2
I 0.3 1.85 6.6 0.555 1.98
II 1.12 2.5 5.75 2.8 6.44
III 0.105 1.8 5.166667 0.189 0.5425
IV 0.105 3.1 5.166667 0.3255 0.5425
V 5 2.5 2.65 12.5 13.25
VI 0.2 1.333333 0.466667 0.266666667 0.093333
VII 0.2 3.666667 0.466667 0.733333333 0.093333
VIII 2 2.5 0.2 5 0.4
9.03 22.3695 23.34167
S F.X 22.3695
X = = = 2.477 m
SF 9.03
S F.Y 23.34167
Y = = = 2.585 m
SF 9.03
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
Beban hidup
20
* Koefisien kejut (K) = 1 + = 1.222
50 + 40.0
12 1
* Beban terpusat (P) = . 5.5 + . 1.5 . 1.222 = 33333.33 kg
2.75 2
2.2 1
* Beban jalur (q) = . 5.5 + . 1.5 . 1.5 = 7500 kg
2.75 2
Reaksi total
* Beban mati = 1/2 . 13273.952 . 40.0 + 1/2 . 6231.36 = 268594.7
Beban terpusat = = 33333.33
Beban merata = 1/2 . 7500 = 3750
Beban hidup trotoar = 1/2 . 1000 . 40.0 = 20000
S Rtot = 325678.1
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
~ Gaya normal
N = SG + SB + R
= 22618.5 + 21672 + 325678.0533
= 369968.6 kg
MT = N . X 916501.8
SH = Pa + HR + K - Pp
Nf = N . Tan j
~ Kontrol kestabilan
- Stabilitas terhadap guling
Syarat : MT > 2 916502
MG
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
- Stabilitas terhadap gaya vertikal, titik tangkap harus berada didaerah pusat.
Penulangan Abutment
0.3
I I
Pa
II II
Pp
2 1 2
III IV
Potongan I - I
Pa = 1/2 . gt . h2 . Ka = 1/2 . 1.7 . 1 2
. 0.35 = 0.294928 kg/m
M = Pa'
=
Mu = 0 kg.cm
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
2
0 0
AS2 - 0 . 0 . AS. + = 0
1.7 0 0 0.8
f 16 - 20 = 10.05 cm2
Kontrol
1.4 0
rmin = = = #DIV/0!
fy 0
As. 10.05
rada = = = #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
b. d 0 . 0
= #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Sehingga :
.
st = + = #DIV/0! + #DIV/0!
st min = 0 - 0 = 0
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
Berat plat
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
Pp3
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
Arif
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN
600
+ 0
Arif
PERHITUNGAN ABUTMENT
7.0 m
12
P = = 4.364 t/m
2.75
~ Beban jalur
1.1
q = 2.2 - .( L - 30 )
60
1.1
= 2.2 - .( 45 - 30 )
60
= 1.925 t/m2
PNH = (q . 5,5) . 100% + (q . 1,5) . 50% . 0,5 . L + (P . 5,5) . 100% + (P . 1,5) . 50%
0.65 m
I
II 0.9 m
III 0.4 m
IV V 0.4 m
0.7 m
7 m
VI
3.85 m
IX 0.5 m
1.45 0.6 1.45
My 444.6464
Yca = = = 2.597173 m
G 171.204
b. Sayap
2.7 m 0.2 0.6
0.65 m I
0.9 m
0.9 m
II
0.4 m
0.4 m III
IV
1.05 m V
VI
2.80 VII
Torsi Mx = 50.91372 tm
93.9411
y = = 4.019 m
23.3748
c. Berat tanah
0.2 0.2 0.6
0.65 m I
1.3 m II
0.4 m III
IV
0.7 m
3.85 m V
0.3 m VI
0.5 m
1.45 0.6 1.45
Torsi Mx = 161.8406 tm
508.5951
y = = 3.469 m
146.6244
4. Tekanan Tanah Normal
- Berat jenis tanah = 1.8 ton/m3
0
- Sudut geser dalam tanah j = 29
- Koefisien tekanan tanah
Ka = tan2 (45 - f/2) = 0.35
2
Kp = tan (45 + f/2) = 2.88
- Beban merata dibelakang abutment diperhitungkan senilai dengan muatan tanah setinggi
60 cm (PPPJJR, hal 13)
q = gt . h = 1,8 . 0,6 = 1.08 tm/m2
3.8 m
Pa1
Pa2
1.7 m
Pa2 = 1/2 gt . H2 . Ka . L
2
= 1/2 . 1.8 . 7 . 0.35 . 11
= 168.3 ton
= 0.843678152
0.990099 . 2.070449
= 0.411561
- Pasif
KEP= cos2 (f - fo) = 0.843678152
sin f . sin (f - fo) 0.191682
cos2 fo 1 - 2
0.990099 . 1 - 2
cos fo 0.995037
= 0.843678152
0.990099 . 0.314827
= 2.706612
2
PEA2 = 1/2 gt . H . KEA . L = 1/2 . 1.8 . 7 . 0.412 . 11 = 199.6 t
- Pasif
PEp = 1/2 gt . H2 . KEp . L
2
= 1/2 . 1.8 . 1.70 . 2.71 . 11
= 77.44 ton
5. Beban Angin
1. Beban angin tegak lurus
(50% . (30% + 50%) . (L - 5) - H . 150 + 100% . L . 2 . 150)
Ar =
2
Dimana : L = 45 m
H = 3.55 m
Ar = -7008.25 t
Menurut ketentuan gaya angin yang dipilih adalah arah memanjang Al = 2,1 t setinggi
H = 5,5 m
MAl = 2,1 . 5,5 = 11.55 tm
0,3 Mp + Ma
Tg = 2p . h3
3 EI . g
Dimana : Mp = 171.204
Ma = 267.2438
E = 6400 sb = 6400 225 = 960000 t/m2
3
I = 1/12 . 3.5 . 11 = 388.2083 m4
g = 9.8 m/det2
h = 7 m
Mmv = 289.585 t
Mv = 644.867
KOMBINASI PEMBEBANAN
1. KOMBINASI I
Muatan V (ton) H (ton) MV ton.m MH (ton.m)
M 644.86695 289.58496
H 148.9879261
Ta -114.712842 -447.003616
Tu
100% 793.8548761 -114.712842 289.58496 -447.003616
100% 793.8548761 -114.712842 289.58496 -447.003616
2. KOMBINASI II
Muatan V (ton) H (ton) MV ton.m MH (ton.m)
M 644.86695 289.58496
Ta -114.712842 -447.003616
Gg -40.0865625 -218.471766
A -2.1 -11.55
125% 644.86695 -156.899405 289.58496 -677.025382
100% 515.89356 -125.519524 231.667968 -541.620305
3. KOMBINASI III
Muatan V (ton) H (ton) MV ton.m MH (ton.m)
M 793.8548761 -114.712842 289.58496 -447.003616
Rm -7.44939631 -48.7935458
Gg -40.0865625 -218.471766
A -2.1 -11.55
140% 793.8548761 -164.348801 289.58496 -725.818927
100% 567.0391972 -117.392001 206.8464 -518.442091
4. KOMBINASI IV
Muatan V (ton) H (ton) MV ton.m MH (ton.m)
M 644.86695 289.58496
Gh -46.182255 -240.929375
Tag -156.434528 -541.752162
150% 644.86695 -202.616783 289.58496 -782.681537
100% 429.9113 -135.077855 -521.787692
0.65 m
1.3 m
0.4 m
3.85 m
I III II I
0.3 m VI
0.5 m
1.45 0.6 1.45
III II
I. Potongan I - I
q = 1.08 tm/m2
II
III
IV V
6.20 m
Pa1
VI
Pa2
I I
Diketahui :
Ls = 11 m
Pa total = 157.6 t
SM = M1 + M2 = 352.1148 tm
SM 352.1148
y= = = 2.234 m
SP 157.5998
Tabel perhitungan gaya geser dan momen
Jarak Jarak V H Mx = H . y. My = V . x.
Beban
x (m) y (m) (ton) (ton) tm tm
Bangunan atas
a. Beban mati 0 0 267.2438 0 0
b. Beban hidup 0 0 148.9879 0 0
c. Gaya rem Rm - 5.55 7.449396 41.3441495 -
d. Gaya gesek Gg - 5.55 40.08656 222.4804219 -
e. Beban angin A - 5.55 2.1 11.655 -
f. Beban gempa Gh - 5.55 46.18226 256.3115153 -
g. Beban merata q 1.35 - 29.7 40.095
h. Plat injak 1 - 6.72 6.72
Bangunan bawah
a. Berat abutment
I 2.45 5.875 3.432 - - 8.4084
II 2.55 5.1 9.504 - - 24.2352
III 1.75 4.45 21.12 - - 36.96
IV 2.283333 4.116667 3.696 - - 8.4392
V 1.216667 4.116667 3.696 - - 4.4968
VI 1.75 2.125 72.072 - - 126.126
b. Tekanan tanah
Pa1 - 3.1 25.55672 79.226
Pa2 - 2.066667 132.043 272.889
566.1717 253.418 883.906 255.481
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
2
3000 6284252852
AS2 - 3000 . 960 . AS. + = 0
1.7 223.5 1000 0.8
Kontrol
1.4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.004667
fy 300
As. 4908.74
rada = = = 0.005113 Ok !!!
b. d 1000 . 960
= 0.026913 Ok !!!
II. Potongan II - II
II I
1.7
0.3 1 II
Pp
0.5 2
1.45 0.6 1.45
II
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
2
3000 93297233.44
AS2 - 3000 . 500 . AS. + = 0
1.7 223.5 1000 0.8
1.4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.004667
fy 300
As. 2454.37
rada = = = 0.004909 Ok !!!
b. d 1000 . 500
= 0.026913 Ok !!!
0.65 m I
0.9 m
II
0.4 m
0.4 m III
IV
1.05 m V
VI
2.80 VII
fy2 Mu
AS2 - fy . d. AS. + = 0
1,7 . fc' .b f
2
3000 2813636023
AS2 - 3000 . 500 . AS. + = 0
1.7 223.5 1000 0.8
1.4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.004667
fy 300
As. 3926.99
rada = = = 0.007854 Ok !!!
b. d 1000 . 500
= 0.026913 Ok !!!
Perencanaan Bangunan Atas IV -1
BAB IV
PERENCANAAN BANGUNAN ATAS
(SUPER STRUKTUR)
10
45
100 100
45
2% 2%
20
20
Blk. Girder
700
Data-data perencanaan :
Panjang bentang : 24 m
Beban muatan sesuai Peraturan Muatan untuk Jembatan Jalan Raya No. SK 131. 28-1987
(khusus untuk lantai kendaraan menggunakan tabel Bitner)
1 1
h = L L
17 25
= 1.471 - 1
I D2
II II D4
B4
B3
D1
III
B6
D5
IV IV
V D6
B2
Dimensi (mm)
D1 D2 D4 D5 D6 B1 B2 B3 B4 B6
1150 150 150 200 200 500 600 200 150 200
b. Akibat beban hidup dan beban mati tambahan yang dipikul oleh balok komposit
- Beban hidup trotoar diperhitungkan pengaruhnya terhadap balok gelagar utama sebesar
60 % dari beban hidup yang bekerja pada trotoar = 0.6 x 500 x 1.00
= 300 kg/m'
- Beban hidup/lalulintas terdiri dari
= 12 x 1.0
= 12 ton
p
p' = a s
2.75
Dimana :
12
p' = 1.0 1.75
2.75
= 7.636 t
q = 2.2 t/m
Untuk jembatan kelas I bekerja 100 % beban terbagi rata (g) yaitu :
q 2.2
q' = a s = 1.0 1.8
2.75 2.75
= 1.4 t/m'
K = 1 + 20 50 + L
= 1 + 20 50 + 25
= 1.267
1
MG = WG L2
8
1 2
= 1044 25
8
= 81542.9688 kgm
1
Mp = qp L2
8
1 2
= 875 25
8
= 68359.375 kgm
d d d d d
RA RB
5 d
RA = RB =
2
5 375
=
2
= 937.5 kg
= 9375 kgm
1 1 2
Mas = qas L2 = 192.5 25 = 15039.06 kgm
8 8
1 1 2
Mw = qw L2 = 87.5 25 = 6835.938 kgm
8 8
1 1 2
Mtr = qtr L2 = 300 25 = 23437.5 kgm
8 8
ML1 1 1
= p' L K = 7.636 25 1.27 = 60.455 tm
4 4
= 60454.545 kgm
1 1 2
ML2 = q' L2 = 1.4 25 = 109.4 tm
8 8
= 109375 kgm
MD = MG + Mp + Md + Mas + Mw + Mtr
= 204589.844 kgm
ML = ML1 + ML2
= 60454.545 + 109375
= 169829.545 kgm
MT = MD + ML
= 37441938.9 kgcm
Hitung luas penampang beton dengan rumus :
MT
F =
0.65 h
37441938.9
=
0.65 x 115
= 500895.504 kg
500895.504
Ac =
0.5 x 225
50
15
I
62.146 cm
15
II II
15
20
115
III
20
52.854 cm
20
IV IV
20
V
60
TAHAP I
A3 = 80 x 20 = 1600 55 88000
A = 4175 s = 259458.33
S 259458.33
Yt = = = 62.146 cm
A 4175
Yb = h - Yt = 115 - 62.146
= 52.854 cm
3
I1 = 1/12 50 15 + 750 54.64571 2 = 2253677.600 cm4
3
I2 = 2 1/36 15 15 + 225 42.14571 2 = 802129.8384 cm4
3 2
I3 = 1/12 20 80 + 1600 7.146 = 935031.175 cm4
3
I4 = 2 1/36 20 20 + 400 26.18762 2 = 557522.241 cm4
3 2
I5 = 1/12 60 20 + 1200 42.854 = 2243788.351 cm4
I = 6792149.206 cm4
- Perhitungan modulus penampang prategang.
I 6792149.206
Zt = = = 109293.938 cm3
Yt 62.146
I 6792149.206
Zb = = = 128507.053 cm3
Yb 52.854
I 6792149.206
i2 = = = 1626.862 cm2
A 4175
i2 1626.862
kt = = = 30.780 cm
Yb 52.854
kb i2 1626.862
= = = 26.178 cm
Yt 62.146
h = 115 cm Kt = 30.780 cm
i = 1626.862 cm Kb = 26.178 cm
be < l = 2 m
- Akibat perbedaan mutu beton antara plat lantai dan balok prategang maka perlu
disamakan kekuatan plat lantai dan balok prategang dengan mengalikan lebar efektif
Dengan demikian kekuatan plat dan balok dianggap sama untuk semua lebar plat dan
ditulis :
Le = n be
Le = 141.4 cm
20
Yct
Ycb
t
2 Balok Prategang Y2 = Y + t 342958.333
A2 = 4175 = 62.146 + 20
= 82.146
Sc 371242.605
Yct = = = 53.009 cm
Acomp 7003.427
Ycb = h + t - Yct
= 115 + 20 - 53.009
= 81.991 cm
= 10336577.914 + 5326160.392
= 15662738.306 cm4
I comp 15662738.306
Zct = = = 295474.832 cm3
Yct 53.009
I comp 15662738.306
Zcb = = = 191029.284 cm3
Ycb 81.991
I comp 15662738.306
i2 = = = 2236.439 cm2
A comp 7003.427
i2 2236.439
kct = = = 27.27654
Ycb 81.991
i2 2236.439
kcb = = = 42.19003
Yct 53.009
TAHAP II
Perhitngan tegangan-tegangan yang diakibatkan oleh beban mati yang harus dipikul oleh
balok prategang.
Mp 6835937.5
fpt = = = 62.546 kg/cm2
Zt 109293.938
Mp 6835937.5
fpb = = = 53.195 kg/cm2
Zb 128507.053
MG 8154296.875
fGt = = = 74.609 kg/cm2
Zt 109293.938
MG 8154296.875
fGb = = = 63.454 kg/cm2
Zb 128507.053
Md 937500
fdt = = = 8.578 kg/cm2
Zt 109293.938
Md 937500
fdb = = = 7.295 kg/cm2
Zb 128507.053
TAHAP III
Perhitungan tegangan - tegangan akibat beban mati dan beban hidup yang dipikul oleh
penampang komposit.
ts M as 1503906.25
fas = = = 5.090 kg/cm2
Zct 295474.832
Yct - t 53.009 - 20
fas t = fas ts
= 5.090 = 3.169 kg/cm2
Yct 53.009
M as 1503906.25
fas b = = = 7.873 kg/cm2
Zcb 191029.284
ts Mw 683593.75
fw = = = 2.314 kg/cm2
Zct 295474.832
Yct - t 53.009 - 20
fw t = fw ts
= 2.314 = 1.441 kg/cm2
Yct 53.009
Mw 683593.75
fw b = = = 3.578 kg/cm2
Zcb 191029.284
ts Mtr 2343750
ftr = = = 7.932 kg/cm2
Zct 295474.832
Yct - t 53.009 - 20
ftr t = ftr ts
= 7.932 = 4.939 kg/cm2
Yct 53.009
Mw 2343750
ftr b = = = 12.269 kg/cm2
Zcb 191029.284
ts Mw 16982954.545
fL = = = 57.477 kg/cm2
Zct 295474.832
Yct - t 53.009 - 20
fL t = fL ts
= 57.477 = 35.791 kg/cm2
Yct 53.009
Mw 16982954.55
fL b = = = 88.902 kg/cm2
Zcb 191029.284
= 37441938.920 kg cm
TAHAP IV
Dalam perencanaan tegangan tarik pada serat bawah beton prategang difungsikan, sehingga
f b post b
= f total - fts
= 236.567 - 35.35
= 201.217 kg/cm2
Perkiraan letak kawat prategang diambil 15 % dari tinggi (h) balok dari bagian dasar
x = 15 % . H = 0.15 . 115
= 17.25 cm
b
f = Y - x = 52.854 - 17.25
= 35.604 cm
F Fe
f bpost = +
A Zb
F F 35.604
201.217 = +
4175 128507.053
= 389516.0973 kg
Dari tabel VSL digunakan tendon VSL unit type 19 dengan nomor starnds 14
389516.0973
n = = 2.0 2 tendon
196802.10
TAHAP V
F F. e
f b post = +
A Zb
393604.20 393604.20 x e
201.217 = +
4175 128507.053
e = 34.91 cm
X = Yb - e = 52.85 - 34.91
= 17.94 cm
X diambil = 18 cm
e = 52.85 - 18 = 34.91 cm
2X = 1 . 10 + 1 . 15
25
X = = 12.5 cm
2
50 cm
Y = 52.85cm Y = 62.146 cm
115 cm
e = 34.91 cm
15
x = 17.94 cm
b
20
60 cm
F F. e
f Ft = +
A Zt
F F. e
f Fb = -
A Zb
Pada daerah tumpuan tendon direncanakan diletakkan pada daerah dimana terletak
titik berat balok prategang sehingga e pada c.g.s =0, karena jumlah tendon yang digunakan
ada dua buah maka tendon diletakkan masing-masing dibawah dan diatas titik berat penampang
balok prategang dimana jarak antara tendon adalah 32,5 cm diukur dari as ke as dari tendon.
Yt
32.5
Yb
TAHAP VI
Kontrol tegangan-tegangan yang terjadi pada serat atas dan serat bawah
114.270
77.273
Gambar 4.11 Tegangan pada tengah bentang
Dari brosur VSL diperoleh untuk tipe tendon VSL 19 sc 19 tebal plat angker
= 265 mm, jadi tebal balok diperletakan diperbesar, bw = 265 + 2 . 100 = 465 mm
48 cm
I
1
II II
1 cm 48 cm
6 cm III
IV IV
6
20
60 cm
A3 = 48 x 80 = 3840 55 211200
A = 5827 s = 346188.33
S 346188.33
Yt = = = 59.411 cm
A 5827
Yb = h - Yt = 115 - 59.411
= 55.589 cm
3
I1 = 1/12 50 15 + 750 51.91107 2 = 2035132.271 cm4
3
I2 = 2 1/36 1.0 1.0 + 1.0 44.07774 2 = 3885.750155 cm4
3 2
I3 = 1/12 48 80 + 3840 4.411 = 2122717.113 cm4
3
I4 = 2 1/36 6 6 + 36 33.58893 2 = 81303.544 cm4
3 2
I5 = 1/12 60 20 + 1200 45.589 = 2534020.112 cm4
I = 6777058.791 cm4
- Perhitungan modulus penampang prategang.
I 6777058.791
Zt = = = 114070.631 cm3
Yt 59.411
I 6777058.791
Zb = = = 121913.830 cm3
Yb 55.589
I 6777058.791
i2 = = = 1163.044 cm2
A 5827
2
kt = i = 1163.044 = 20.922 cm
Yb 55.589
2
kb = i = 1163.044 = 19.576 cm
Yt 59.411
3
= 111831.823 cm
t
2 Balok Prategang Y2 = Y + t 462728.333
A2 = 5827 = 59.411 + 20
= 79.411
Sc 491012.605
Yct = = = 56.729 cm
Acomp 8655.427
Ycb = h + t - Yct
= 115 + 20 - 56.729
= 78.271 cm
= 9774947.707 + 6270398.564
= 16045346.271 cm4
I comp 16045346.271
i2 = = = 1853.790 cm2
A comp 8655.427
i2 1853.790
kct = = = 23.68421
Ycb 78.271
kcb i2 1853.790
= = = 32.67807
Yct 56.729
= 308224.507 cm3
Untuk menghindari tegangan yang berlebihan pada bagian akibat gaya prategang maka
tendon dibengkokkan keatas hingga titik berat tendon berimpit dengan titik berat penam-
pang prategang. Jadi tegangan yang terjadi pada ujung balok (prategang) adalah tega-
F 393604.20
ft = = = 67.548 kg/cm2 < f ci = 300 kg/cm2
A 5827
F 393604.20
fb = = = 67.548 kg/cm2 < f ci = 300 kg/cm2
A 5827
67.548
67.548
Gambar 4.13 Tegangan pada perletakan
B. Pada saat beban hidup bekerja (dipikul oleh penampang komposit)
a. Ditengah bentang
= 64.880 kg/cm2
+ 4.939 + 35.791
- 12.269 - 88.902
64.880
159.610
-19.605
b. Pada perletakan
F 393604.20
fct = = = 67.548 kg/cm2 < f cs = 225 kg/cm2
A 5827
F 393604.20
fcb = = = 67.548 kg/cm2 < f cs = 225 kg/cm2
A 5827
67.548
67.548
Gambar 4.15 Tegangan pada perletakan
TAHAP VII
Dimana :
2.
1930 x 1.0197 . 10
f nominal =
-2.
1417 . 10
= 13888.645 kg/cm2
D fs1 = 7% 13888.645
= 972.2052 kg/cm2
F
D fs2 = n
A
= 4700 50
= 33234.019 Mpa
= 332340.187 kg/cm2
6
n = Es = 1.98 . 10 = 5.958
Ec 332340.187
Afs2 F
= n
A
393604.20
= 5.958
4175
= 561.68 kg/cm2
D fs3 = Cs . Es
Dimana :
6
200 . 10
Cs =
Log 10 (28 + 2)
6
Es = 1.98 . 10
6
200 . 10
D fe3 = 1.98 . 10 6
(28 + 2)
Log 10
= 132 kg/cm2
D fe4 = n . Ø . f 'c
Dimana :
= 4470 kg/cm2
D fe4 = f pj - f ps
Dimana :
f ps = f pj . e- (µ
e = 2.7183
52.85 34.91
17.94
1/2 L = 13 M
4 . fx 4fx 4fx2
Y = (L-x) = -
L2 L L2
dy 4f 8fx
= -
dx L L2
dy
Untuk : x = 1/2 . L (ditengah bentang) = 0
dx
dy 4f
x = 0 (ujung bentang) =
dx L
4f
a = (radian)
L
4 . 0.3491
= = 0.055864
25
f ps = f pj . e- 0.0312
fpu
f pj = 0.85
As
Dari tabel brosur VSL diperoleh untuk VSL unit type 19 dengan nomor strands 14
As = 14.17 cm2
254925
f pj = 0.85 = 15291.90 kg/cm2
14.17
f ps = f pj . e- 0.0312
0.0312
= 15291.90 x 2.7183
= 14822.56 kg/cm2
D fe4 = f pj - f ps
= 15291.90 - 14822.56
= 469.34 kg/cm2
Da . Es
D fe4 =
l
Dimana :
Es = 1980000
l = L + 8 . f2
3 L
dimana :
L = Panjang bentang
f = Tinggi maximum lengkung
69.104
36.604
35
20
f1 = 36.604 - 20 = 16.60
f2 = 69.104 - 35 = 34.10
2
8 0.341
l = 25 + . = 25.0124 m = 2501.24 cm
3 25
0.6 x 1980000
D fs4 =
2501.24
= 474.9643 kg/cm2
= 7080.19 kg/cm2
Δ fs total
% fs total = x 100 %
f pj
7080.19
= x 100 % = 46.30 %
15291.90
= 130.16 % x 393604.20
= 512315.23 kg
512315.23
Untuk 1 buah tendon =
2
= 256157.613 kg
f t = fFOt + f gt
2 2
= -40.9529 + 74.609 = 33.656 kg/cm < f ci = 300 kg/cm
f b = fFOb + f gb
2 2
= 261.904 - 63.454 = 198.450 kg/cm < f ci = 300 kg/cm
2. Pada perletakan
35.791
2
= 150.121 kg/cm2 < f ci = 300 kg/cm
88.902
2
= 498.471 kg/cm2 < f ci = 300 kg/cm
2. Pada perletakan
0.6
I
1
II
0.5 III IV
0.5 8.75
19 22.6 m
6.85
6
0.5
VI VII
1 VIII 1
1.5 1 1.5
Tekanan air pada pier (P) = K . V2 Dimana : K = Koef. Bentuk = 0,075 (balok persegi)
V= 6.435 m/det
2
P = 0.075 . 6.43 = 3.106 t/m2
Penulangan Pier
0.6
I
1
II
0.5 III IV
0.5 8.75
19 22.6 m
6.85
6
0.5
VI VII
1 VIII 1
1.5 1 1.5
Bangunan bawah
a. Berat abutment
I 0.5 22.3 1.44 - - 0.72
II 0 21.5 4.8 - - 0
III 0.6667 20.833 0.3 - - 0.2
IV 0.6667 20.833 0.3 - - 0.2
V 0 11 48 - - 0
VI 1 1.1667 0.9 - - 0.9
VII 1 1.1667 0.9 - - 0.9
VIII 0 0.5 9.6 - - 0
b. Tekanan Air
Pa - 9.2833 21.273 197.483
518.89 117.09 729.274 49.735
Penulangan Pier
0.6
I
1
II
I III IV I
0.5
0.5 8.75
19 22.6 m
6.85
II III II
6
0.5
VI VII
1 VIII 1
1.5 1 1.5
III
I. Potongan I - I
sa 1740
fo = = = 0.8325
n . sb 19 . 110
M 220810
eo1 = = = 0.4351 m
N 507492
1 1
eo2 = . ht = . 1 = 0.03 m
30 30
eo 0.4684
= = 0.47 Dari tabel diperoleh C = 7.58
ht 1
lk 2 1
e1 = C ht = 7.58 1 = 0.0758 m
100 . ht 100 . 1
e2 = 0,15 . ht = 0.15 m
e = eo + e1 + e2 = 0.6942 m
h = ht - 5 = 95 cm
95
Ca = = 1.193
19 . 580690
1 . 1740.0
ea 1.1442
= = 1.2 Dari tabel diperoleh i = 3.97
h 0.95
371.95
A = A' = = 93.7 cm2 (tulangan simetris)
3.97
II. Potongan II - II
sa 1740
fo = = = 0.8325
n . sb 19 . 110
M 2768726.472
eo1 = = = 5.2601 m
N 526364.5325
1 1
eo2 = . ht = . 1 = 0.03 m
30 30
eo 5.2934
= = 5.29 Dari tabel diperoleh C = 7.7
ht 1
lk 2 1
e1 = C ht = 7.7 1 = 0.077 m
100 . ht 100 . 1
e2 = 0,15 . ht = 0.15 m
e = eo + e1 + e2 = 5.5204 m
h = ht - 5 = 95 cm
95
Ca = = 0.5128
19 . 3E+06
1 . 1740.0
ea 5.9704
= = 6.28 Dari tabel diperoleh i = 1.47
h 0.95
1755.5
A = A' = = 1194 cm2 (tulangan simetris)
1.47
wx = 1/6 . b2 . h = 1/6 . 4 2
. 1.25 = 3.3333333 m3
V M 518.892 617.69
smax = + = + = 284.14 t/m
A w 5.250 3.3333
V M 518.892 617.69
smin = - = - = -86.471 t/m
A w 5.250 3.3333
211.93
211.93
Mmaks = 1/8 . q . l2 = 105.96 tm
N = 119.19
Dik : K 325 s'b = 110 kg/cm2
n = 19
U32 sa = 1740 kg/cm2
sa 1740
fo = = = 0.8325
n . sb 19 . 110
M 105963
eo1 = = = 0.889 m
N 119190
1 1
eo2 = . ht = . 1 = 0.03 m
30 30
eo 0.9224
= = 0.92 Dari tabel diperoleh C = 7.69
ht 1
lk 2 1
e1 = C ht = 7.69 1 = 0.0769 m
100 . ht 100 . 1
e2 = 0,15 . ht = 0.15 m
e = eo + e1 + e2 = 1.1493 m
h = ht - 5 = 95 cm
95
Ca = = 2.0823
19 . 190616
1 . 1740.0
ea 1.5993
= = 1.68 Dari tabel diperoleh i = 2
h 0.95
134.25
A = = 67.1 cm2
2
qc . A STf . K A = 1/4 p d2
Q = + 2
3 5 = 1/4 . 3,14 . 40
= 1256 cm2
= 51.077 ton
0.50
1.25
1.25
0.50
S 3
Sn = 150 cm dan Sm = 125 cm
P1
P2 P0
P3
X3 X4 P4
P5
X2 X5 P6
X1 X6
Analogi :
P2 : P1 = X1 : X2 P4 = P1. (X4/X1)
M. X1
P1 =
(2X1 + X2 + 2X3 + 2 X42 + X52 + 2 X62)
2 2 2
DIMANA :
M = 729.27410 - 49.73500 = 679.53910
X1 = 4.5 m X4 = 1.5 m
X2 = 3.0 m X5 = 3.0 m
X3 = 1.5 m X6 = 4.5 m
679.53910 x 4.50
PM =
( 2. 4.5 ^2 + 3.0 ^2 + 2. 1.5 ^2 + 2. 1.5 ^2 + 3.0 ^2 + 2. 4.5 ^2)
3057.92596
PM = = 28.314 Ton
108.00
V
PMAKS = + PM
n
#REF!
PMAKS = + 28.314
11
A B B A
C D C
A B A
B
1. Metode Feld
3 8
Effisiensi Tiang A = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang B = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang C = 1 - =
11 11
4 7
Effisiensi Tiang D = 1 - =
11 11
8 32
4 Buah Tiang A = 4 x Eff A = 4 =
11 11
7 28
4 Buah Tiang B = 4 x Eff B = 4 =
11 11
7 14
2 Buah Tiang C = 2 x Eff C = 2 =
11 11
7 7
1 Buah Tiang D = 1 x Eff D = 1 =
11 11
81
Total Eff. = = 7.3636
11
7.3636
Effisiensi Satu Tiang = = 0.6694
11
q (n - 1) m + (m - 1) n
SFf . N = 1 - .
90 m .n
Dimana : 40 0
q = Arc Tan = 17.745
125
m = 3
n = 7
17.7 7 - 1 3 + 3 - 1 7
SFf . N = 1 - .
90 3 . 7
= 0.6996
= 47.681 ton
1256 . 156767
Kv = 2.2925 . = 180557 kg/cm
2500
E = 156767 kg/cm
p
I = . D4 = 125664 cm4
64
4 k.D
b = = 0.007195607 cm-1
4EI
k = ko . y-1/2 = 5.2812204 kg/cm2
ko = 0,2 . Eo . D-3/4 = 5.2812
Eo = 28 N = 420 kg/cm2
Untuk kemiringan tiang pancang dianggap qi = 0, hal ini adalah kondisi kritis pada
stabilitas abutment.
dx = 0.7241569 cm
dy = 0.2612585 cm
a = 0.0052035 rad
Pni = Kv . dyi
PHi = K1 dx - K2 a
PH1 = 10644.643 kg
PH2= 10644.643 kg
PH3 = 10644.643 kg
Mt1 = -2047.648 kg m
Mt2= -2047.648 kg m
Mt3 = -2047.648 kg m
a. diangkat
a L - 2a a
M1 M3
M2
4a2 + 4a L - L2 =0 L = 10 m
4a2 + 4a 10 - 10 2
= 0
4 a2 + 40 a - 100 = 0
Dengan rumus ABC diperoleh :
a1 = 2.0711
a2 = -12.071 (tidak memenuhi)
b. diangkat
2a2 - 4a 10 - 10 2
= 0
L-a 2 a2 + 20 a - 100 = 0
Dengan rumus ABC diperoleh :
a1 = 3.6603
a2 = -13.66 (tidak memenuhi)
Jadi keadaan yang paling menentukan adalah keadaan b. (Mmaks = 2020.3 kgm)
Penulangan diambil = 6 f 19