William Stallings
Computer Organization
and Architecture
10th Edition
+ Chapter 6
External Memory
+ Magnetic Disk
+ menghasilkan medan
magnet
Seek time
Pd sistem head-bergerak, adl waktu yg diperlukan utk memposisikan head pd
track
Access time
Jumlah dari seek time dan rotational delay
Waktu yg diperlukan agar sampai ke posisi utk membaca atau menulis
Transfer time
Ketika head sdh di posisinya, operasi baca atau tulis dilakukan ketika sector
bergerak di bawah head
Inilah bagian transfer data dari operasi tsb.
+ Terdiri atas 7 level
Employs parallel access, with Once the failed drive is replaced, the
data distributed in small strips missing data can be restored on the
new drive and operation resumed
Characteristics Characteristics
Memory
+
© 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. All rights reserved.
© 2016 Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. All rights reserved.
Solid State Drive (SSD)
Sebuah perangkat
memory yg terbuat Dua jenis berbeda
dari komponen solid Flash memory
state yg dpt menjadi flash memory:
pengganti HDD
Sejenis semikonduktor NOR
yg banyak digunakan • Satuan akses dasar adl bit
dlm produk konsumen • Menyediakan akses acak kec-
elektronik spt g smart tinggi
phones, perangkat • Dipakai utk menyimpan sist
GPS, MP3 player, operasi pd ponsel dan progr
BIOS pd komputer Windows
Istilah solid state digital cameras, and
USB devices
mengacu kpd
rangkaian
elektronik yg NAND
dibuat dgn •Satuan dasar adl 16 atau 32 bits
semikonduktor Biaya dan kinerja sdh •Baca dan tulis dlm blok2 kecil
•Dipakai pd USB flash drives,
mendekati tingkat yg memory cards, dan pd SSD
dpt menggantikan •Tdk memiliki bus alamat
HDD random-access external shg
harus dibaca scr blok
SSD Dibandingkan dgn HDD
Table
SSD memiliki kelebihan berikut dibanding HDD:
6.5
Kinerja input/output operations per second (IOPS) yg tinggi
Lebih kuat
+
Table 6.5
Comparison of Solid State Drives and Disk Drives
Production:
The disk is formed from a resin such as polycarbonate
Digitally recorded information is imprinted as a series of microscopic pits on
the surface of the polycarbonate
This is done with a finely focused, high intensity laser to create a master disk
The master is used, in turn, to make a die to stamp out copies onto
polycarbonate
The pitted surface is then coated with a highly reflective surface, usually
aluminum or gold
This shiny surface is protected against dust and scratches by a top
coat of clear acrylic
Finally a label can be silkscreened onto the acrylic
+
CD Operation
+
CD-ROM Block Format
+
CD-ROM sesuai untuk distribusi data berjumlah
besar untuk user yang banyak
CD-ROM
Adanya biaya penulisan awal di awal
menyebabkan kurang sesuai untuk penggunaan
individual
Dua kelebihan CD-ROM :
Kekurangan CD-ROM :
Bersifat read-only dan tidak bisa di-update
Serial recording
Data are laid out as a sequence of bits along each track