PERANAN PENGETUA

SEKOLAH
Di akhir-akhir ini, pekerja dalam syarikat diberi
galakan untuk bertindak dengan lebih berotonomi,
membuat rumusan sendiri, menjadi pemimpin dan
pengikut, mengemuka pandangan dan
mempersoalkan dengan selamat, serta berani gagal
untuk membina kejayaan akan datang .
Inilah kemahiran yang diperlukan masa kini.

Schools that train people to obey authority and

follow rules unquestioningly will have
poorly prepared their students for the
evolving world they live in.
SENGE (2000)
 PPK
PENGETUA MERUPAKAN
KETUA ORGANISASI BAGI MELAHIRKAN
STAF YANG KOMITED -
SEORANG PENGURUS YANG DAPAT
MEMBIMBING MEREKA PATUH KEPADA
PERATURAN KURIKULUM.
PENGETUA DILIHAT SEBAGAI PENGURUS
YANG SANGAT PENTING, SANGAT
BERPENGARUH, SANGAT
BERTANGGUNGJAWAB, BERJIWA KEPIMPINAN
DAN PENGHUBUNG
ANTARA SEKOLAH DAN
KOMUNITI
 STUDENTS

PRINCIPAL
PARENTS SERVES TEACHERS

COMMUNITY
STAKE HOLDER MEMBERS

*need Human Relation Skills & Respect for each other

BIDANG UTAMA TUGAS PEMIMPIN SEKOLAH

AKTIVITI MERANCANG

AKTIVITI MENGELOLA

AKTIVITI MEMIMPIN

AKTIVITI MENGAWAL
 TRADITIONAL DEFINITIONS OF THE PRINCIPAL’S ROLES AND
RESPONSIBILITIES FOCUSED ON ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSES
AND FUNCTIONS.
EFFECTIVE PRINCIPALS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR
PLANNING, ORGANIZING, LEADING AND CONTROLLING.

PLANNING means setting goals and objectives for the school

and developing blue prints and strategies for implementing them.
ORGANIZING means bringing together the necessary human,
financial, and physical resources to accomplish goals efficiently
LEADING has to do with guiding and supervising subordinates.
CONTROLLING refers to the principal’s evaluation responsibilities
and includes reviewing and regulating performance, providing
feedback, and otherwise tending to standards of goal attainment.
Luther Gulick in 1937 proposed POSDCoRB (PLANNING,
ORGANIZING, STAFFING, DIRECTING,COORDINATING, REPORTING,
BUDGETING.
 2.Menggubal Dasar kk &
Pelaksanannya – (di sekolah
siapa buat/ajar apa)

1. Merangka 3.Menetapkan matlamat

Matlamat sekolah Pencapaian kk

AKTIVITI
MERANCANG
7. Memperuntukkan
sumber
4.Menentukan strategi

6.Menetapkan prosedur 5.Membina program

1.Mengenalpasti kelayakan&
Kepakaran guru subjek
2. Menubuh JKKK &
Panitia subjek

AKTIVITI
MENGELOLA

4. Menjalankan
orientasi & Latihan 3.Mewujudkan senarai
untuk guru-guru Tugas Guru subjek
1.Memantau kemajuan Membimbing guru
pelajar melaksanakan
KK yang ditetapkan

AKTIVITI Menangani
MEMIMPIN Perubahan

Menurunkan kuasa
Memotivasi
Kepada guru
guru
 Menetapkan piawaian
Pencapaian kurikulum

Menjalankan tindakan
Pembetulan & pemulihan Mewujudkan
Sistem Laporan
Maklum balas
AKTIVITI
MENGAWAL

Menjalankan Menjalankan
Penilaian Pengajaran & pemantauan/ penyeliaan
pembelajaran pelaksanaan KK
 In a school that learns (learning organisation),
people who traditionally may have been suspicious
of one another – parents and teachers, educators
and local business people, administrators and union
members, people inside and outside
the school walls,
Students and adults –
recognize their common stake in the future of the
school system and the things they
can learn from one another
TINDAKAN PENGETUA SEBAGAI
PEMIMPIN KURIKULUM
•Melibatkan penggubalan,
•perancangan, Menerangkan
•Melaksanakan perancangan matlamat sekolah
•Bekerjasama dengan orang lain.

Merangka matlamat
Kurikulum

Mudah dihubungi
Menyelaras Kurikulum
(high visibility)

Memantau, Kemajuan Memantau, Menyelia

Murid dan Menilai P & P
 TINDAKAN PENGETUA SEBAGAI
PEMANTAU KURIKULUM

Menjalankan tindakan
Memantau, menyelia, dan
Pemulihan ke atas proses P & P
Menilai P & P
yang bermasalah

Mengawal tingkah laku pelajar

 TINDAKAN PENGETUA SEBAGAI
PENILAI KURIKULUM

Menentukan
Memantau keberkesanan
kemajuan Pengajaran Guru
Murid

Memberi ganjaran
Mediagnos kekuatan Kepada guru
dan Kelemahan murid

Memberi Gred Menyedia insentif

kepada murid untuk Murid
 TASKS AND ROLES HAVE GIVEN WAY TO LISTS
OF COMPETENCIES:
EXPERTNESS IN PRINCIPALSHIP

Political
Leadership behavior management

Fiscal
Communication management
skills
Organizational
Group process management
assessment
Curriculum &
instruction
To enlist the expertise of staff
for improving instruction
PRINCIPAL AS INSTRUCTIONAL
LEADER
 Cotton & Savard (1980)- Ciri Pemimpin
Pembelajaran yang berkesan:

• Kerapkali membuat pemerhatian dan/ atau mengambil

bahagian dalam pengajaran di kelas;
• Komunikasi yang jelas kepada staf, tentang jangkaan
terhadap program pengajaran.
• Penglibatan dalam membuat keputusan berkaitan
program pengajaran.
• Penglibatan yang aktif dalam merancang dan menilai
program pembelajaran
• Mempamerkan jangkaan yang tinggi terhadap program
pembelajaran.
Management in school is about managing people.
The management in school is concerned with
managing adults so that the work gets done.

Four areas of managing people:

1. lead and motivate staff
2. delegate effectively
3. deal effectively with staff problems
4. have knowledge of relevant legislation.
HOW TO MOTIVATE TEACHERS &
STUDENTS

DR FATANAH MOHAMED
 DIRI SENDIRI MESTI BERMOTIVASI

- YOU CANNOT GIVE OTHERS WHAT YOU

DON’T HAVE-
 MENGINSAFI SEJARAH
PENDIDIKAN & NASIB BANGSA
MELAYU

<20% Enrolmen dalam

Kerjaya Profesional
Sains & Teknologi IPTA
Bumiputra <30%
Pendapatan Isi Rumah
Bumiputra RM 2034
Enrolmen di IPTA (Cina RM3737)
/IPTS 32% <10% IJAZAH KELAS I
DI IPTA/IPTS
Ekuiti Bumiputra
70% Penagihan
Di BSKL<30%
Dadah Dan Jangkitan HIV

LEPAK/
PENGANGGURAN JUVANA/
PEMBUANGAN BAYI PELACURAN/
>50% Bumi
>60% Bumi KHALWAT
Majoriti Bumi
 SISWAZAH UUM 1988 – 1999
MENGIKUT KAUM DAN IJAZAH
KELAS KEDU KEDUA JUMLAH
PERTAM A BAWAH
MELAY A 5 ATAS
1676 6654 8335
U
CINA 175 2590 217 2982

INDIA 1 187 469 657

LAIN- - 23 73 96
LAIN
JUMLA 181 4476 7413 12070
H
Sumber: Hal Ehwal Akademik UUM
1999
 PERBANDINGAN PENCAPAIAN IJAZAH KELAS
PERTAMA IPTA KONVOKESYEN 2000

BUMIPUTERA BUKAN
KELAS
PERTAMA BUMIPUTERA

UNI MALAYA 16 (0.7%) 183 (11.3%)

UNI KEB MSIA 6 (0.3%) 39 (2.7%)
UNI SAIN MSIA 0.0 % 6 (1.9%)
UNI PUTRA 17 (0.5%) 56 (3.4%)
UNI TEKNOLGI 7 (0.4%) 95 (10.8%)
UNI UTARA 0.0 % 10 (1.8 %)
 Sentiasa mengingatkan
diri bahawa:
“Allah tidak mengubah nasib sesuatu
kaum, kecuali kaum itu sendiri
mengubahnya ….”

“Dan sesungguhnya balasan bagi

seseorang ialah apa yang diusahakannya;
sesungguhnya usahanya itu akan
diperlihatkan (kepadanya). Kemudian
dibalas dengan balasan yang amat
sempurna”
 SOALAN 1
• SILA NYATAKAN VISI & MISI MAKTAB /
IKM/ PUSAT GIAT ANDA.
• JIKA TIDAK PASTI, TULISKAN JUGA -
CIPTAKAN SEKARANG
 visi & misi
Diri

Apakah yang ingin

dicapai?

Gambaran
terhadap
hasilan?
Apakah Prestasi SEKOLAH
anda
1. MENYEMAK TUGASAN AKADEMIK:
Penilaian & Peperiksaan
• Kekerapan - prestasi
• Pembelajaran & Pengajaran/ Peralatan
Adakah seperti yang diharapkan
• Pemantauan Guru –
• analisis pencapaian guru mengikut kelas
• kehadiran di kelas mengikut jadual;
• Guru beres – menanda kerja pelajar/ mendisiplin
• Sukatan pelajaran tamat ikut schedule
• Bimbingan terhadap guru bermasalah
• Kursus dalaman untuk guru
• Kebajikan guru – pengiktirafan.
•MENYEMAK TUGASAN (HAL EHWAL AKADEMIK PELAJAR)
•ASPEK PENGURUSAN PELAJAR
•Output Pelajar – kehadiran/ prestasi/ analisis
•Program Khusus
•Pelajar cemerlang – program pecut/ motivasi/
pengiktirafan.
•Pelajar sederhana – pengkayaan/motivasi.
•Pelajar lemah – motivasi, kelas tambahan/ klinik
KEMAHIRAN YANG PERLU DIBERI KEPADA PELAJAR –
perancangan masa/ kemahiran belajar
Pengurusan diri/minda pelajar
•Perjumpaan Pengetua/HEA/HEP/ Kaunselor dg
pelajar.
•Hari Akademik
 CONTOH
OBJEKTIF OPERASI MRSM JASIN

URUSAN PENDIDIKAN
• Menjadikan MRSM Jasin sebagai sebuah institusi
pendidikan yang cemerlang dalam bidang akademik dan
kokurikulum.
• Mencapai Gred Purata Keseluruhan 1.0 dalam
peperiksaan SPM.
• Menjadikan MRSM Jasin sebuah institusi pendidikan
yang cemerlang dalam bidang sahsiah dan bidang
keusahawanan.
• Melaksanakan Program SEM (Schoolwide Enrichment
Model) dengan menyediakan peluang, sumber dan
perkhidmatan secara sistematik dan terancang untuk
pembangunan bakat serta potensi para pelajarnya.
MELETAKKAN TARGET YANG TINGGI –
MELAMPAUI APA YANG BOLEH DICAPAI
CONTOH:
SEMUA PELAJAR (100 %) A1 UNTUK
SEMUA SUBJEK.
SETIAP PELAJAR MENDAPAT 9A1/10A1
SETIAP SUBJEK 100% A1
GRED PURATA MRSM JASIN SPM = 1.0
PEMANTAUAN KHAS DARI PENGETUA

PROGRAM KHIDMAT KEM KECERGASAN MENTAL

MASYARAKAT & FIZIKAL

KEM PELAJAR
KEM PELAJAR RENDAH PENCAPAIAN
CEMERLANG
PENGETUA
KEM REMAJA
SOLEH/SOLEHAH
KURSUS ASAS BTN

PELAJAR BERMASALAH

PERIBADI DISIPLIN AKADEMIK

 3 important concepts of human behavior:

(3)Employees must be included in all parts of the

process, every step of the way.
Teamwork is the key here, not hierarchy.

(2) People must be treated as individuals. Always

acknowledge their importance and show them respect.
They are people first employees second.

(3) Superior work must be encouraged, recognized

and awarded. Everyone responds to expectations.
If you treat people as if they are capable and smart –
and get out of the way – that’s exactly how
they will perform.
 INCLUDE PEOPLE

Leaders create teams.

They don’t issue orders from above.

Leaders realize that the employees who

actually do the work can actually make
decisions.
(Eg Analisis kelas kb)
 You can’t motivate other
people….
But you can provide the
stimulus for them to motivate
themselves!
Dalam segala usaha, tidak seorangpun
dapat capai kecemerlangan tanpa
kehendak dalaman (internal drive).
Leaders do not bribe or threaten or cajole
the people who worked for them.
They show the employees they are willing
to take risks, encouraging them to do the
same. A leader talks and lives the vision,
twenty four hours a day.
 Leaders must Motivate people
• Leaders must take the time to enroll
people in your thinking, your vision,
your dream, your fantasy, whatever
it is you are doing. Enroll them.
• It takes time. It takes effort. It takes
continual reinforcement. But you
dont dictate. You enroll.
• As a leader you make them to want
to come along. You ride. You go.The
point is that you are riding. And they
want to ride along.
If you enroll one person, then you have a metamorphosis. You
change someone, and that person becomes able to enroll ten
people. They then become able to enroll a hundred people.

(Mula-mula cikgu-cikgu kata ‘puan, you are asking for the

impossible’. But after 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 10th, 20th, 30th days, they
saw that it’s not a statement. It’s a way of life)
It’s a leader’s job to foster those feelings
“We are in this together”
“We are part of a team”
“What we do is valuable”
“We are the Best”
That is the soil that real motivation
grows in.
 Real motivation will never flow from
financial inducements alone, or for that
matter, from a fear of being fired.

DISCUSS
(gaji sebagai motivator?)
Fear is just as poor a motivator.
“There is only one way under heaven
to get anybody to do anything
and that is
by making the other person want to
do it.
Remember
there is no other way”
(Dale Carnegie. The Leader in You)
 So what do people want?

Kajian di kalangan employers…..

Kajian di kalangan employees….
 So what do people want?
Health and the preservation of life.
Food. Sleep.
Money and the things money buy.
Life in the hereafter.
Sexual gratification.
Well being of our children.
A feeling of importance.

Paling sukar dicapai:

Freud : ‘desire to be great’
Dewey: ‘desire to be important’
 Motivating people
Give someone a real sense of
purpose,
the feeling that he or she is working
for a valuable,
mutually important goal.

That’s where true motivation comes

from, not just motivation to work
Give them the freedom to work as they see fit, and convey
your belief in their abilities by getting out of the way.
Example:
‘well, you know better than me –’
‘ you know what’s best for the students’
‘I’m not a Physic’s major – u know better!’
‘Buatlah apa yang cikgu rasa patut- yang penting ia
memanfaatkan pelajar / resultsya bagus’

Show people that you trust, respect, and care about them.
Do that and you will be surrounded by motivated people.
 People can never be forced to do an
extra ordinary job.
They will perform extra ordinarily only if
they want to.
The challenge is giving them a reason to
want to.
Arouse in the other person an eager
want
 Treat people with dignity.
Communicate corporate values they can believe
in.
Give your employees the autonomy to decide
how to get job done.
People will only want to perform excellently if
they feel like an important part of the
organization.
Employees need to be respected and included in
a corporate vision they can embrace.
That,s why their successes need to be rewarded,
raised, and celebrated
Seorang
pemimpin mesti
mempunyai visi
& misi yang
jelas.

•Establish a real vision and a

sense of values for the
organizations they wish to lead.

Finding meaning and purpose in our work-

the key to both personal fulfillment
and professional success
 A leader establishes standards and
then stick to them.

Well-focused, self-confident leadership

is what turns a vision into reality.
 PERANAN PP
GURU diajar untuk
Mempunyai Matlamat Yang Jelas –
Begin With the End in Mind
Setiap GURU meletakkan matlamat dan
membayangkan 100% A1 dalam subjek
yang diajarnya.
(Training the Subconscious Mind)
.
 PERANAN PP
PELAJAR diajar untuk
Mempunyai Matlamat Yang Jelas –
Begin With the End in Mind
Setiap PELAJAR meletakkan matlamat dan
membayangkan A1 dalam subjek yang
diambilnya.
(Training the Subconscious Mind)
.
 MENERAP NILAI
KECEMERLANGAN DALAM SEMUA
AKTIVITI YANG DIJALANKAN

THE NEED TO EXCEL-

NOT JUST THE NEED TO AVOID FAILURE
 YANG PALING PENTING
SETIAP WARGA MAHU IKUT
SERTA UNTUK MENCAPAI
MATLAMAT DAN TARGET
YANG DITETAPKAN
Sesungguhnya Allah sangat
mengasihi seseorang yang
apabila melakukan
pekerjaannya, dia
melakukannya dengan cara
yang paling baik”

(Riwayat Thabrani)
 Latih guru & kakitangan kita supaya
mempunyai
visi & misi yang positif

If you don’t seek perfection, you can never

reach excellence.
Once you say you’re going to settle for second,
that’s what happens to you in life.
Be aware that the only ceiling life has is the
one you give it.
Nobody is a failure unless he consents to be
one.
 GURU DIBERI SUNTIKAN SEMANGAT
SUPAYA …

Have a dream, a big dream.

You will never go any higher than you
can dream.
But you can go as high as you dream if
you work at it,
believe in it, and stick to it.
Williom J Hendersen (Post master General, US Postal
Service)
Buku: Wisdom of CEO
“If you set high targets, people will strive
to reach them, though it may seem
impossible to many”.

We have to raise the bench mark every

year,
Reach our goals, celebrate,
And raise the bar again!
PEMIMPIN KENAL
DIRI

MEMBUAT
MUHASABAH
DIRI
PEMIMPIN

• Sesiapa yang
menonjolkan dirinya
untuk menjadi pemimpin
kepada orang ramai, ia
perlulah mendidik
dirinya terlebih dahulu
sebelum mendidik orang
lain.

• Saidina Alli
Adakah anda Banyak Membuat alasan
(Theory of Relativity) ?
Contoh
“Well, we are doing relatively
well”
“Ini bukanlah apa yang saya mahu,
tapi apa yang boleh saya buat?”
“Saya sedang mencuba, tapi
andapun tahu ianya sukar.”
“Well, berbanding dengan apa
yang harus kita lalui, prestasi kita
tidaklah teruk sangat.”
 THE LEADER
IS
THE ROLE MODEL OF
EXCELLENCE.
 Ciri Pemimpin – mesra & berilmu

Leaders must be close enough to relate to others,

but far enough ahead to motivate them.
As a leader, we must live and move beyond where
the people are.

If the people are to follow you,

... You must be ahead of them.
 PEMIMPIN = AMANAH ALLAH

A leader must go beyond being a people-

pleaser to being a God-pleaser.
If our need for the people’s affirmation
exceeds our need for God’s affirmation,
we’re in trouble.

- Ken Blanchard.1999. The Heart of a Leader.

 Leadership sometimes doing what’s
unpopular.

A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not

what ships were built for.
 YOU CAN’T SEE THE FINAL
DESTINATION, IT’S A MATTER OF
MOVING FORWARD, TRUSTING
THAT GOD IS LEADING YOU
ACCORDING TO HIS PURPOSE.
Pengurusan Minda
Positive thinking
Thinking big
 Contoh Percakapan Dengan Diri

1. “Fatanah, kau jagalah hak Allah. Amanah dan

ikhlas menjalankan tanggungjawabmu. Tidak
mengapa jika manusia marah, kerana kamu masih
punyai Allah. Tetapi jika Allah marah kepadamu,
engkau tidak punya apa-apa!” Firman Allah ‘Jika
engkau cuba menjaga hati seseorang tanpa
menjaga hak Allah ....’
2. “Fatanah, sometimes you have to swim against the
tide, ‘coz if you float along, you will drift..”
3. “Fatanah, dalam membuka durian, mungkin jarimu
akan terluka, tapi ia akan memudahkan orang yang
kemudian”.
4. “Fatanah, jadikanlah dirimu seperti sebuah batu di
tengah lautan. Ombak dan badai pergi dan datang.
Kau tetap teguh di situ..”
 Bercakap dengan diri (FM)

• 5. “Fatanah, menjadi ketua adalah seperti artis.

Engkau adalah kepunyaan ramai. Segala gerak
gerimu diperhatikan. Jika kamu bertindak betul -
itu adalah yang sepatutnya -expected of you. Jika
engkau tersilap, itulah yang akan
disensasikan.Jangan kecewa...Yang penting engkau
sentiasa bertindak betul di sisi Allah.”

• 6. “Fatanah, Jika engkau telah melakukan yang

terbaik dan berjaya, janganlah engkau harapkan
balasan atau pujian dari sesiapa. Jika perlu, engkau
tepuk sendiri bahumu dan bersyukur kepada Allah
Swt kerana memberi kudrat kepadamu dan
mengharapkan balasan hanya dari Allah”.
 KENAPA ORANG TIDAK CEMERLANG

• Tidak berani nengambil risiko • Tidak belajar dari kesilapan

• Kurang ketabahan hati
• Tidak boleh tangguh untuk
bergembira
• Tidak menyusun keutamman
• Mencari jalan mudah
• Pentingkan diri
• •
Kurang kesungguhan
• Tidak memahami hukum
alam (law of cause & effect)
• Tidak merancang
• Mencari helah
• Tidak memanfaatkan peluang
• Takut
• Tidak menggunakan bakat
yang ada
• Kurang berdisiplin
Estim diri rendah
• Kurang pengetahuan
• Berserah kepada nasib
• Tiada matlamat
• Kurang keyakinan diri
 PENGIKTIRAFAN SEBAGAI PENDORONG
B. Pengiktirafan kepada pelajar cemerlang
Akademik – TPNG >3.5; top 40
Homeroom – Best academic; ko-q
Ko-kurikulum- peringkat negeri/ kebangsaan

B. Pengiktirafan kepada guru/ kakitangan cemerlang:

Akademik – subjek yang mencapai target
Kokurikulum – pencapaian peringkat negeri &
kebangsaan.
Penasihat Homeroom terbaik
Rumah sukan terbaik
Become interested in your people (teachers
& students) and let them know that you are.
Treat people like people.
Be nice to your people and treat them with
respect.
Invest liberally in your people , and don’t
expect this automatically to produce new
results.
Enhance human resources by establishing
new extreme-type expectations for your
people.
 Get to know your people.
They should be treated like family
members.
You cant expect people to do things that
you wouldn’t do yourself. You’ve got to
care about them sincerely. Then you can
get the same level of respect back
 Acknowledge a job well done.
Don’t just expect it.
There’s a little child in every one of us,
waiting to be praised.
So don’t forget: people want to be told
when they have done a good job.
Use praise liberally and often.
 Let people in your life know that you
respect them, that you appreciate their
work, that they are important to you and
that you want them to learn, grow, and
reach their potential.
MOTIVATION CAN NEVER BE
FORCED.
PEOPLE HAVE TO WANT TO DO A
GOOD JOB
• Dealing with people is like digging gold:
When you go looking for gold,
you have to move tons of dirt
to get an ounce of gold.
But when you go looking,
you don’t go looking for the dirt,
you go looking for the gold.
 JENIS GANJARAN- PELAJAR

• HARI ANUGERAH • HARI SUKAN

• Cemerlang SPM • Events
• Cemerlang • Rumah terbaik
Tingkatan
• Perbarisan terbaik
• Cemerlang subjek
• Cemerlang • Kerjasama terbaik
kokurikulum • Perbarisan pakaian
• Cemerlang sahsiah seragam terbaik
– akhlak, serba • Olahragawan/wati
boleh, kepimpinan • Guru penasihat
• Anugerah khas terbaik
 JENIS GANJARAN- GURU

• HARI ANUGERAH • KOKURIKULUM

• Subjek pencapaian • Guru penasihat/
A1/2 >95% pengiring bagi
• Subjek khas pencapaian peringkat
pencapaian A1/2 >60% nasional
• Subjek menduduki • Sumbangan khas guru
tempat 1-2 MRSM
kepada Maktab
• Subjek menduduki 1-
10 kebangsaan
• Subjek lonjakan
tertinggi
 JENIS GANJARAN- KAKITANGAN

• HARI ANUGERAH • HARI PEKERJA

• LPP terbaik 1-3 • Hadiah untuk semua
• Sumbangan khas • HARI KELUARGA
kakitangan kepada • Cabutan bertuah
Maktab. untuk semua peserta.
• JAMUAN AKHIR
TAHUN UNTUK
SEMUA
 “

We cant choose the direction of the

wind,
but we can choose how
we set our sail.
 How staff members feel about students is
manifested both directly & indirectly.
when students are ridiculed or embarrassed
by teachers or when their Assignment
are not returned in a timely manner with
appropriate evidence of examination, students are
unlikely to feel supported and cared for.
Students value opportunities to express
concern and to be listened to.
 Interaksi Dengan Diri Interaksi Dengan Orang Lain

Jenis Masalah

Interaksi Dengan Organisasi/

Institusi Interaksi Dengan Masyarakat
 Masalah Juvana

Isu Pencapaian
Kewangan
Isu Keremajaan
MASALAH PERIBADI

Isu Kesihatan Jiwa

Gangguan Rakan
Masalah Keluarga
MASALAH PELAJAR PINTAR
Role Anxiety
conflicts

Isu berkaitan Giftedness- Perfectionism

Vulnerabilities

stress High expectation

from others

Intensities emotion

Loneliness purpose
argumentativeness Thoughts
soul

Hard to find true peers Social isolation

WHAT MATTERS MOST
• Confidentiality
• Authenticity
• Empathy
• Listening Skills
• Unconditional Positive regards
• Consultation with other professionals should be
utilized wherever possible.
• When the counselee’s conditions indicate that there
is a clear and imminent danger to the counselee or
others, we are expected to take direct personal
action or to inform responsible authorities.