Outline
Basic concept
Definition
Types
Control
Basic Concept
Work
process
Material
Individual
Hazard
Work environment
Risk
Incident/Accident
Outcome
Consequences
Definition
HARM (Bahaya) : cedera fisik atau gangguan
/kerusakan kesehatan, properti atau lingkungan
HAZARD (Bahaya): Sumber bahaya yang potensial
atau situasi dengan potensi bahaya
Saat-saat Membahayakan : peristiwa yang
dapat menyebabkan kerugian
Identifikasi bahaya: proses untuk mengetahui
adanya bahaya dan menentukan karakteristiknya
Risiko: Kombinasi frekuensi, atau probabilitas, kejadian dan
konsekuensi dari peristiwa berbahaya tertentu
Definition Hazards
Hazards
anything (including work practices or procedures) that
has potential to harm the health or safety of a person
("Apa pun (termasuk praktek kerja atau prosedur) yang
memiliki potensi untuk membahayakan kesehatan atau
keselamatan seseorang)(Workcover, Australia)
Definition
hazard represents a source of energy with the
potential of causing immediate injury to personnel
and damage to equipment, environment or
structure (bahaya merupakan sumber energi
dengan potensi menyebabkan cedera segera untuk
personil dan kerusakan pada peralatan, lingkungan
atau struktur)
(Zimolong and Trimpop, ILO encyclopedia )
Definisi
Hazard Types
Physical
Chemicals
Biological
Mechanical/electrical
Psychological
Ergonomics
Chemical Hazard
Safety
hazard
:
flammable,
explosive,
corrosive, reactive.
Health hazard : acute & chronic toxicity,
irritant, local effects, mutagen, teratogen,
carcinogen.
Risiko (risk)
adalah likelihood (kemungkinan) bahwa bahaya dan cedera
karena suatu hazard akan terjadi pada individu tertentu
atau kelompok individu yang terpajan bahaya. Ukuran dari
risiko tergantung pada seberapa mungkin (how likely)
hazard tersebut membahayakan dan besarannya
(magnitude)
chance, opportunity
wej-ji in Chinese
Risiko in German
risico in Dutch & Italian
risque in French
Greek word rhiza, root and/or cliff
Arabic word rizq meaning what God and fate
provide for your life.)
Risk concept
Risk formulation
Risk = Consequence x Probability
R = fC X P
Risk = C (harm/injury) x probability of injury
C (Harm/injury) = Hazard x Exposure
Exposure = Concentration x Duration
Risk = (Hazard x Concentration x Duration) x Probability of Injury
Hazard(s)
Incident/Accident
Outcome(s)
Effects on the
Individual
Death
Disease
Injury
Disability
Effects on the
Workplace
Building damage
Equipment
damage
Loss
Effects on the
Environment
Property damage
Loss of resources
Degradation
Pollution
Risk
Physical
Noise
Carcinogen
Cancer
Chemical
Biological
Ergonomics
Psychosocial
Consequences
Microorganism
Infections
Manual handling
Back pain
Stress
ALARP Principle
(As Low As Reasonably Practicable