PROSPEK INDUSTRI KELAPA

SAWIT SEBAGAI SUMBER

ENERGI TERBARUKAN
DI PASAR GLOBAL

Ir. Derom Bangun

Ketua Harian GAPKI
 Luas Areal Kelapa Sawit & Produksi Minyak Sawit Indonesia
1979-2005

15000
13600
14000
13000 12200
12000
10500
11000
10000 9300

9000 8300
(OOO)

8000 7000
7000 5900
6000 5357
4960 5006
4480
5000 4008 4100 4200
3800
3266 3421 3500
4000 3152
2658 2780 2957 3046
3000 2416
2000 2200 1804
2025 2227
1400 1550 1680 1467 1617
2000 1200 1300 1150 1311
1000 1100 1000
700 800 900 700 800 880
1000 350 400 460 500 520 600 650

0
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Tahun
Area (Ha) Produksi (Ton)
 LUAS AREAL KELAPA SAWIT DAN
PRODUKSI MINYAK SAWIT INDONESIA
Areal
Tahun Produksi (000 Ton)
(000 Ha)
1997 2.516 5.380
1998 2.780 5.640
1999 2.957 5.989
2000 3.046 7.000
2001 3.152 8.300
2002 3.500 9.300
2003 3.800 10.500
2004 4.100 12.200
2005 4.900 13.600
2006 *) 5.200 15.000
 PRODUKSI MINYAK SAWIT (CPO) DUNIA
(Juta Ton)

Negara 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Dunia 7,04 11,03 15,22 21,90 32,50

Malaysia 4,13 6,10 7,81 10,84 15,20

Indonesia 1,30 2,20 4,50 6,50 13,60

 PRODUKSI PKO
(000 Ton)

Tahun Malaysia Indonesia

1985 513 104
1990 827 229
1995 1.035 426
2000 1.289 783
2005 1.556 1.013
 PROYEKSI PRODUKSI CPO
(Juta Ton)

Tahun Malaysia Indonesia

2006 15,3 15,0

2007 15,8 16,2
2008 16,5 17,5
2009 17,1 18,9
2010 18,0 20,4
 0.22

0.20
0.68 0.46
1.40

0.20 0.34
0.12 0.06

1.20
1.25

3.75

0.02
EKSPOR MINYAK SAWIT INDONESIA
(JAN – MAR 2006)

Negara Jumlah (Ton)

India 456.031
Cina 322.556
Malaysia 303.105
Netherland 250.203
Singapura 175.889
Philippina 23.765
Lain-lain 956.345
Total 2.487.894
 KONSUMSI MINYAK DAN LEMAK DUNIA
1976-2020
1976-80

7
%

38% 21%

34%

1990-20 9 jenis minyak biji- bijian 2016-20

6 minyak dan lemak

lainya 17% 20%
CPO, 23%
24%

Minyak Kedelai,
22% 36% 21%
36%
 PENGGUNAAN CPO

CPO

Refining & Fractionation

Olein
Export
Stearin

Domestic Cooking Oil Industrial use

Oleochemical Soap making Export

Industry
 PRODUK TURUNAN MINYAK SAWIT DAN
INDUSTRI HILIR

Minyak Kelapa Sawit/ Minyak Inti Sawit

Edible Product Non Edible Oil

Oleochemical Soap

- Minyak Makan
- Mentega - Detergent Powder
- Fatty acids
- Lemak khusus - Liquid detergent
- Fatty alkohols
(special fats) - Loundry soap
- Fatty acid methyl
- Cocoa butter replacers - Toilet Soap
- Fatty amines
-- Coffee whitener etc.
- Glycerine
 POTENSI PASAR BIODIESEL

• Potensi besar akibat terjadinya harga

minyak bumi diatas USD 70 / barel.
• Minyak nabati yang menonjol : Rape
• Malaysia :
2006 : 100.000 ton
2007 : 300.000 ton
• Indonesia : Tahap Percobaan (2007-2008
Penggunaan diperkirakan 100.000 ton per
tahun
 KENDALA

• Tuntutan Global :
– Kelestarian Lingkungan (Todak boleh ada
pembakaran.)
– RSPO (Principle & Criteria) : 8 Kriteria.
 Attracted attention of environmental NGO’s
Social NGO’s
Competing veg. oil producers
 Palm oil under the spot light
 Comments, reports
1977 and 1998: smoky haze in S.E Asia

July 4, 1998: BBC report analysis

- Indo. Gov. Minister: caused by El-Nino

- Environmental activists: timber & plantation

industries

- WWF: in many cases deliberately ignited

August 1999: BBC News: wealthy and well connected

plantation owners.
August 2002:
UN Envir. Prog (UNEP)
commented based on findings by
scientists:

“ forest fires, burning of agricultural waste,

burning of fossil fuels in vehicles, industries
and power stations and emissions from
millions of inefficient cookers burning wood,
cow dung and other ’bio fuels’
Paleontologist, many
animal have been
going extinct long
before people evolved

Tarantulas: now endangered by pet

trafficing
Sumatra and Kalimantan: elephant, orang
utan, tiger, rhinoceros in jeopardy.
Elephant
Sumatran Tiger
Orang Utan
 “person of the jungle”
Are only found in Sumatra, Kalimantan
(Borneo). Of course in Zoos. Forest fires,
driven from their natural habitats to
populated area killed and eaten by villagers.
Special reports, Guardin Unlimited said
orang orang utan under threat as palm oil
plantations spread.
Working to save the remaining orang- utans
in S.E Asia. The campaigners: palm oil is a
major ingredient in many processed foods.
Anyone who buys chocolate, crips, bread,
cakes, tooth-pastes, lipstick involved
causing the extinction of orang utan.
 Most of the times: palm plantations blamed

 Naming palm oil with foul language by

people who are supposed to be well
educated and highly civilized.
 Place the palm oil industry at a
disadvantageous position
 Plantation operators may be brought to a
guilty feeling syndrome or even fear
 RSPO
 Concerns over social impacts also expressed
 Concerns were responded by establishing
RSPO (Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil)
 Terminology of sustainable, Commission on
sustainable Development (CSD) of the United
Nation:
“Development that meets the needs of the
present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs”
 Three P’s pillars, namely planet, people and
profit
 RSPO
 The oil palm industry is set to continue its
growth in order to satisfy global demand
 Necessary to develop a globally acceptable
definition
 So RSPO is created to promote the growth
and use, through co-operation within the
supply chain open dialogue with its
stakeholders
 RSPO factsheet from its website,
www.sustainable-palmoil.org
 There are 8 principles:
 Principle 1: Commitment to transparancy
 Principle 2: Compliance with applicable laws
and regulations
 Principle 3: Commitment to long-term
economic and financial viability
 Principle 4: Use of appropriate best practices
by grower and millers
 Principle 5: Environmental responsibility and
conservation of natural
resources and biodiversity
 Principle 6: Responsible consideration of
employees and of individuals
and communities affected by
growers and mills
 Principle 7: Responsible development in
key areas of activity
 Principle 8: There is a set of criteria to
give a comprehensive meaning
 Criterion 5.2
The status of rare, threatened or
endangered species and high
conservation value habitats, if any, that
exist in the plantation or that could be
affected by plantation or mill management,
shall be identfied and their conservation
taken into account in management plans
and operations
Criterion 6.2 There are open and transparent
methods for communication and consultation
between growers and/ or millers, local
communities and other affected or interested
parties.

Criterion 6.3 There is a muttually agreed and

documented system for dealing with
complaints and grievances, which is
implemented accepted by all parties
 Criterion 7.3 New plantings since
November 2005 (which is the expected
date of adoption of these criteria by the
RSPO membership), have not replaced
primary forest or any area containing
one or more High Conservation Values.

 Criterion 7.4 Extensive planting on steep

terrain, and/or on marginal and fragile
soil, is avoided
 An indication that although managers were
capable of implementing ISO 14001, found
the P&C more complicated
 Key difficult areas are social elements and
more pure conservation elements of the
P&C. Especially true for operations in
Indonesia by foreign investors.
 Difficulties to deal with land issues and
high turn over of labor
• Demand for palm oil will continue to increase.
• The production of palm oil has to be
increased
• Needs of future generation should be
seriously taken into consideration
• The only solution is to implement sustainable
production of palm oil and to work with full
understanding