Tinjauan Anatomi
Semilunaris
► Aortik
► Pulmonal
Pembuluh Darah Yang Langsung
Berhubungan Dengan Jantung
►Vena Kava Atrium Kanan
►Arteri Pulmonalis Ventrikel Kanan
►Vena Pulmonalis Atrium Kiri
►Aorta Ventrikel Kiri
Persarafan
►Saraf Simpatis
►Saraf Parasimpatis (Nervus Vagus)
Pembuluh Darah
►Ada arteri, vena dan
kapiler
►Terdiri dari 3 lapis:
1. Tunika intima
2. Tunika media
3. Tunika adventisia
Arteri Utama Pada Tubuh
Vena Utama Pada Tubuh
Kapiler
Fungsi :
►Penghubung arteri dan
vena
►Tempat terjadinya
pertukaran zat
►Absorbsi nutrisi pada
usus
►Filtrasi pada ginjal
►Absorbsi sekret kelenjar
Arteri Koronaria
Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah
Sistem Sirkulasi
►Sirkulasi Pulmoner
Jantung – Paru - Jantung
►Sirkulasi Sistemik
Jantung – Seluruh Tubuh (kecuali
paru-paru) – Jantung
Fetal Circulation
How does the fetal circulatory system work?
► During pregnancy, the fetal circulatory system works differently
than after birth:
► The fetus is connected by the umbilical cord to the placenta, the
organ that develops and implants in the mother's uterus during
pregnancy.
► Through the blood vessels in the umbilical cord, the fetus receives
all the necessary nutrition, oxygen, and life support from the
mother through the placenta.
► Waste products and carbon dioxide from the fetus are sent back
through the umbilical cord and placenta to the mother's circulation
to be eliminated.
Blood from the mother enters the fetus through the vein in the
umbilical cord. It goes to the liver and splits into three branches. The
blood then reaches the inferior vena cava, a major vein connected to
the heart.
Inside the fetal heart
► Blood enters the right atrium, the chamber on the upper right side of the heart.
Most of the blood flows to the left side through a special fetal opening between the
left and right atria, called the foramen ovale.
► Blood then passes into the left ventricle (lower chamber of the heart) and then to
the aorta, (the large artery coming from the heart).
► From the aorta, blood is sent to the head and upper extremities. After circulating
there, the blood returns to the right atrium of the heart through the superior vena
cava.
► About one-third of the blood entering the right atrium does not flow through the
foramen ovale, but, instead, stays in the right side of the heart, eventually flowing
into the pulmonary artery.
► Because the placenta does the work of exchanging oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide
(CO2) through the mother's circulation, the fetal lungs are not used for breathing.
Instead of blood flowing to the lungs to pick up oxygen and then flowing to the rest
of the body, the fetal circulation shunts (bypasses) most of the blood away from the
lungs. In the fetus, blood is shunted from the pulmonary artery to the aorta through
a connecting blood vessel called the ductus arteriosus.
Blood circulation after birth
►With the first breaths of air the baby takes at birth, the
fetal circulation changes. A larger amount of blood is
sent to the lungs to pick up oxygen.
►Because the ductus arteriosus (the normal connection
between the aorta and the pulmonary valve) is no
longer needed, it begins to wither and close off.
►The circulation in the lungs increases and more blood
flows into the left atrium of the heart. This increased
pressure causes the foramen ovale to close and blood
circulates normally.
Darah
►Plasma darah
►Sel darah
eritrosit
leukosit
trombosit
Sistem Limfatik
Fungsi :
► Mengembalikan cairan dan
protein ke sirkulasi darah
► Mengangkut limfosit dari
kelenjar lemfe ke sirkulasi
darah
► Membawa emulsi lemak dari
usus ke sirkulasi darah
► Menyaring dan
menghancurkan
mikroorganisme
► Menghasilkan antibodi