3
Hardware and Software
Hardware
Monitor
Houses processor,
and
memory, buses, etc.
speaker
(output)
Software
Set of instructions
Keyboard and to perform tasks to
mouse (input)
specifications
Programs are
software 4
Software
• (Computer) Program
– Sequence of instructions for a computer to execute
• Programming languages
– Languages for writing programs
6
Bahasa Pemrograman
7
Types of Programs
Program to which computer can respond
Machine directly. Each instruction is a binary code that
code corresponds to a native instruction.
Eg: 0001001101101110
Execu
Edit
te Execute/run
executable
the
code
Process is iterative 9
Problem Solving Process
Analysis
Iterative
Design process
Implementation
Testing 10
Problem Solving Process
Determine
problem Analysis
features
Write
Iterative
Design process
algorithm
Produce
code Implementation What is an
algorithm?
Check for
correctness and Testing
11
efficiency
Problem Solving Phase
• An algorithm is a well-defined
computational procedure consisting of a
set of instructions, that takes some value
or set of values as input, and produces
some value or set of values as output.
13
Prosedur
14
Algorithm
An algorithm has these properties:
The algorithm
Each step
must
must be exact.
(Or it will not be
terminate.
Exact Terminate (Or no solution
precise.)
will be obtained.)
The
algorithm The algorithm
must be must be
Effective General
effective. general.
(i.e. it must solve (Within the
the problem.) constraints of the
system/language.)15
Tujuan Algoritma
18
Program Terstruktur
19
Pengelompokan Struktur Proses
Algoritma
Sequ • Default
ence
Selec • Also called True
?
False
tion branching
tition True
21
End of File
22