Pengenalan
Lempung atau tanah liat adalah alluvial
Pengenalan
Ciri-ciri Lempung
1. Tanahnya sulit menyerap air sehingga tidak
Pengenalan
Endapan lempung umumnya 2
(dua) type :
1. Primary Clay/Residual Clay
(dibentuk karena pelapukan
kimia)
2. Secondary Clay/Sedimentary Clay
(dibentuk oleh transportasi
kemudian diendapkan)
Pengenalan
Primary Clay
Secondary Clay
Kurang murni.
Cenderung berbutir halus.
Plastis.
putih kusam
cenderung berbutir
kasar,
tidak plastis,
daya lebur tinggi,
daya susut kecil
bersifat tahan api
Warna krem/abu-
abu/coklat/merah jambu/kuning,
kuning muda, kuning kecoklatan,
kemerahan, kehitaman.
Daya susut tinggi.
Suhu bakar 12000C13000C, ada
yang sampai 14000C (fireclay,
stoneware, ballclay).
Suhu bakar rendah 9000C
11800C, ada yang sampai
12000C (earthenware).
Pengenalan
Lempung menurut Titik Leburnya :
1. Tanah Liat Tahan Api (Fireclay)
2.
3.
4.
5.
( 1500 C)
Tanah Liat Stoneware. (mencapai
1400 C)
Ballclay. (1250 C s/d 1350 C)
Tanah Liat Earthenware. (1100
C s/d 1200 C)
tanah liat monmorilinit.
Disebut juga
sebagai tanah liat
sendimen.
Ballclay
contohnya bentonit
yang sangat halus
dan rekat sekali.
Tanah liat ini
hanya digunakan
sebagai bahan
campuran massa
badan kaolinit
dalam jumlah yang
relatif kecil
G enesa
Tipe utama batu lempung menurut terjadinya
G enesa
Eksplorasi
Eksplorasi endapan bahan galian ini
Analisis
Lem pun
g
Eksploitasi
Pengolahan
China Clay (Kaolinite) was removed
from the ground with hand tools and
removed from its overburden. Indeed,
the clay was covered with soil and
plants that had to be removed. Next, it
needed to be separated from the
decomposedgranite. High pressure
hoses were run over theclayface.
The remaining clay and sand mixture
forms a white milky liquid calledslurry.
Slurry used to be pumped from the pit
by a water-wheel and spilled into drags.
Water-wheels were used to produce
energy and run pumps, although later
many inCornwallwere replaced by
steam engines. Drags were concrete
channels used to settle outQuartzand
Micasands from the clay.
Later, clay had to be dried for a few
days in settling pits. When it thickened
to the consistency of singlecream, the
clay was channelled through pipes to
settling tanks where it continued to dry
for up to 3 months. Lastly, it was
spread across the Pan Kilns floor made
ofporouspan tiles that allowed the
heat through to finish drying.
Nowadays, it is calledrefiningprocess,
in the 19th century, this whole
operation was called winning the
clay.
Kegunaan
Lempung umumnya digunakan untuk
TERIM A KASIH