Neraca Panas

Basis waktu

: 1 jam

Satuan panas

: Kilo jule (Kj)

Temperatur referensi

: 25 C

Kapasitas Produksi

298.15 K

82070.7071 kg/jam

Data Cp gas untuk komponen gas

Komponen

NH3

33.573

-1.26E-02

8.89E-05

-7.18E-08

1.86E-11

H2SO4

9.486

3.38E-01

-3.81E-04

2.13E-07

-4.69E-11

H2O

33.933

-8.42E-03

2.99E-05

-1.78E-08

3.93E-12

N2

29.414

-4.60E-03

1.30E-05

-5.48E-09

2.92E-13

Data-data kontatnta kapasitas panas dalam bentuk cairan

Komponen

NH3

-182

3.36E+00

-1.44E-02

2.04E-05

H2SO4

26.004

7.03E-01

-1.39E-03

1.03E-06

H2O

92.053

-4.00E-02

-2.11E-04

5.35E-07

(Sumber Perry, 1999 dan Yaws )

1. Tangki penyimpanan HSO

T=
30 C
303.15
P=
1 atm
14.7
T ref=
25 C
298.15
T out =
107 C
380.15
Laju alir massa HSO = Kadar bahan baku x Total Produk
Laju lir molar HSO =laju alir massa HSO : BM HSO
Laju alir massa HO = Kadar bahan baku x Total produk

K
psia
K
K
80429.29286 kg/jam
820.1965395 Kmol/jam
1641.41414 kg/jam

Laju alir mola HO= Laju alir massa HO : BM HO

91.114757866 Kmol/jam
Panas Input
Komponen
Massa (Kg)
N (Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
80429.29286 820.196539501 698.54229633 572941.97415
HO
1641.41414 91.1147578658 377.47141324 34393.216419
TOTAL
82070.707 911.311297367 1076.0137096 607335.19057
Panas input =
607335.190565 kj/jam
Panas Output
Komponen
Massa (Kg)
N (Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
91.114757866 820.196539501 11851.744696 9720759.9867
HO
34393.216419 91.1147578658 6172.4935286 562405.25328
TOTAL
34484.331177 911.311297367 18024.238225 10283165.24
10283165.24 Kj/jam
Panas output =
Menghitungan Kebutuhan steam
Q in + Q steam = Qout
Q steam =
9675830.0494 kj/jam

Oleh karena membutuhkan fluida panas yang berfungsi sebagai pemanas,

yaitu saturated steam pada steam tabel dengan kondisi :
P = 14.7
psia
HL = 180.07
Kj/kg
HV = 1150.4
Kj/kg
970.33 Kj/kg
steam =Hv - HL
Menghitung massa steam (m)
m steam = Qsteam / steam
m steam= 9971.6900945 kg
panas steam masuk = m steam x Hv
11471432.285 Kj/jam
panas steam keluar= m steam x HL
1795602.2353 kj/jam

Neraca panas total

Panas input
Q in
607335.19057
Q steam in
11471432.285
TOTAL

Panas output
Q out
10283165.24
Q steam out
1795602.2353

12078767.475

12078767.475

2. Vaporizer
Berfungsi : Untuk mengubah fasa amonia cair menjadi fase gas sebanyak 80% gas dan 20% cair
T= -35

238

P= 1

atm

14.7

psia

298

T ref= 25

Laju alir massa NH = Kadar bahan baku x Total Produk

81660.3535645 Kg/jam
4801.5730913447 Kmol/jam

Laju lir molar NH =laju alir massa NH : BM NH

410.3535355 Kg/jam

Laju alir massa HO = Kadar bahan baku x Total produk

22.7786894942 Kmol/jam

Laju alir mola HO= Laju alir massa HO : BM HO

Anotoine
Komponen

NH3

16.9481

2132.5

-32.98

CO2

22.5898

3103.39

22.5898

H2O

18.3036

3816.44

-46.13

Tdew
komponen
nh3
h2O

312.436575874 K
39.4365758735 C
zi
ln P
P
K
xi
0.9952783938
9.3172185533 11127.98686526 0.9960604068
0.0047216062
13.3266785759 613342.3708427 54.8999615864
1

Enthalpy vaporization = A (1-T/Tc)^n

Komponen
h20
nh3

Tc
52.053
31.523

n
647.13
405.65

0.321
0.364

1.00
0.00
1.00

Panas masuk
Komponen

massa (kg/jam)

mi(Kmol/jam)

Cp.dt

Q(kj/jam)

NH

81660.3535645

4801.5730913447

-4640.043168

-22279506.4181468

HO

410.3535355

22.7786894942

-4592.5201872

-104611.591340045

Total

82070.7071

4824.3517808389

-22384118.0094869

Q keluar (sensibel)
T=

312.4365758735 K

komponen

massa

39.4365758735 C

kmol/jam

102.9858365724

CpdT

zi

Q(sensibel) (kj/jam)

NH3

81660.3535645

4801.5730913447

0.9952783938

1184.056550324

5685334.07066593

H2O

410.3535355

22.7786894942

0.0047216062

1088.5856768057

24796.5551197833

Total

82070.7071

4824.3517808389

5710130.62578572

Q keluar ( latent)
komponen

massa

kmol/jam

L(J / mol)

NH3

81660.3535645

4801.5730913447

H2O

410.3535355

22.7786894942

Total

82070.7071

4824.3517808389

Beban vaporizer total = (Q sensible + Q latent) - Q masuk =

Neraca panas total
Arus
Qmasuk

input (kj/jam)

output (Kj/jam)

-22384118.01

Q(latent)

89580.01

Q(sensibel)

5710130.62578572

Qsteam

28183828.65

jumlah

5799710.63640273

5799710.63640273

Q (latent)

18.4565516859 88620.4819341117
42.1239634153

959.5286829012
89580.0106170129

28183828.65 Kj/jam

3. Centrifuge Separator
Berfungsi :
T=

60 C

P=

333.15 K

1.5 atm

Tref =

22.05 psia

25 C

298.15 K

Data-data kontatnta kapasitas panas dalam bentuk cairan

Komponen

NH3

-182

3.36E+00

-1.44E-02

2.04E-05

H2SO4

26.004

7.03E-01

-1.39E-03

1.03E-06

H2O

92.053

-4.00E-02

-2.11E-04

5.35E-07

(NH)SO

51.6

Panas masuk centrifuge

Komponen

Massa (Kg)

N(Kmol)

Cp dT

Q (kj/jam)

HSO

49.04

0.5000968785

4961.7517573498

2481.3565656116

(NH)SO

26558.8186

201.1102339071

1806

1519648.38722102

HO

393.2509

21.8472722222

2634.0941342613

57547.7716101656

TOTAL

1579677.5153968

Panas keluar centrifuge ke MLT

Komponen
Massa (Kg)
N(Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
35.7606
0.3646770888 4961.7517573498 1809.4371859749
(NH)SO (l)
13279.4093 201.1102339071
903 759824.19361051
HO
52.4037
2.9113166667 2634.0941342613 7668.6821546439
TOTAL
769302.31295113
Panas keluar Centrifuge ke Rotary Dryer
Komponen
Massa (Kg)
N(Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
13.2794
0.1354197897 4961.7517573498 671.9193796367
(NH)SO (k)
13279.4093 201.1102339071
903 759824.19361051
HO
340.8473
18.9359611111 2634.0941342613 49879.104089378
TOTAL
810375.21707952
Neraca panas total centrifuge
Komponen
Input
Output
Q in
1579677.5153968
Q dari MLT
769302.31295113
Q dari Dryer
810375.21707952
Total
1579678
1579678

4. Neraca panas Rotary Dryer

Kondisi operasi dalam Rotary dryer
T in =
P=
T ref =

90 C
1 atm
25 C

363.15 K
14.7 K
298.15 K

Neraca panas masuk :

Q in rotary dryer = Q out centrifuge

810375.2171 Kj/jam

Neraca panas keluar :

Neraca panas keuar Produk
Komponen
Massa (Kg)
N(Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
13.1809
0.1344153129 9333.1972618401 1254.5246304707
(NH)SO (k)
13147.93
99.5595217362
3354 1397130.7661862
HO
19.7713
1.0984055556 4888.7266588325 5369.8045216542
TOTAL
13180.8822
1403755.0953384
Neraca panas keluar ke cyclone
T in =
48.94 C
322.09 K
P=
1 atm
14.7 psia
T ref =
25 C
298.15 K
Komponen
Massa (Kg)
N(Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
0.0985
0.0010044768 3376.3942305137
3.3915096899
(NH)SO (l)
131.4793
0.9955952174
1235.304 5145.7400834613
HO
321.0759
17.83755 1803.2995203263 32166.445358796
TOTAL
452.6537
37315.576951947

-630695.455 Kj/jam

Q Loss = Q in - Q out =

Neraca panas total Rotary Dryer

Komponen
Q input (Kj)
Q output (Kj)
Q masuk
810375.21707952
Q keluar
1441070.6722903
Q loss
-630695.45521078
Total
810375.21707952 810375.21707952

5. Neraca Panas Reaktor

Berfungsi: Tempat bereaksinya NH3 dan H2S04 untuk menghasilkan (NH4)2SO4
Kondisi Operasi:
T=

107 C

P=

380.15 K

1 atm

14.7 psia

Tref =
25 C
Panas masuk reaktor:
panas masuk dari tangki asam sulfat (HSO)
Panas masuk dari Vaporizer

298.15 K
12078767.4753 kj/jam
5799710.6364 kj/jam

Neraca panas Mother Liquor

Tin =

60 C

P=

1.5 atm

T op =

333.15
22.05 psia

25 C

Komponen
(NH)SO (l)

Massa (Kg/jam)
13410.8886

298.15 K

N (mol/jam)
1771.0553594046

Cp.dt

Q (kj/jam)
903 1599262.98954235

HSO

35.8591

3.5163792051

4961.7517573498 17447.4007004133

HO

227.4066

4.0933188

2634.0941342613 10782.1870407416

TOTAL

1627492.57728351

Q mother liquor =

1627492.57728351 kj/jam

Panas aliran keluar dari rekator =

T=

107 C

P=

380.15 K

1 atm

Tref =

14.7 psia

25 C

298.15 K

Menghitung entalpi pada tekanan standar (HR 298.15 K)

Komponen

Hf (kj/mol)

(NH)SO

-1169.498844

HSO

-813.9963013

NH

-45.887328

Hf 298.15 = Hf produk - Hf reaktan

Hf 298.15 = Hf (NH)SO - (Hf HSO + Hf NH)

-263.7278867
5.6217696308
-1482.6174243

Panas reaksi, (298.15 K) bernilai negatif maka reaksi adalah ekotermis.

Panas reaksi utama standar =

_ (380.15
)=
_((298.15))+(_298.15^380.15)
_ = _+(_1^2

)
Neraca panas Produk
Komponen

massa (kg/jam)

(NH)SO (k)

Cp.dt

Q (kj/jam)

26558.8186

3507.3841431346

4231.2 14840443.7864311

49.04

4.80891144

11851.7446959737 56993.9906524271

393.2509

7.0785162

6172.493528577 43692.0954364275

HSO
HO

N (mol/jam)

TOTAL

14941129.87252

Neraca panas Kondensor

Tin =

-35 C

P=

238.15 K

1 atm

14.7 psia

T reff =

25 C

298.15 K

T out =

107 C

386.15 K

Panas masuk Condensor

Komponen

massa (Kg/jam)

mi(kmol/jam)

Cp.dt

Q (kj/jam)

NH3

17.03

289.62921

-4640.546173491

-1344037.72219673

H2O

17.03

306.54

-4592.1844503273 -1407688.22140334

Total

-2751725.94360007

Panas keluar Condensor

Komponen

massa (Kg/jam)

mi(kmol/jam)

Cp.dt

Q (kj/jam)

NH3

2.7078

46.0515546

9067.2103000908

417559.130204314

H2O

2.7078

48.7404

6627.5648664234

323030.162615421

Total
Q kondensor =

740589.292819735
3492315.23642 kj/jam

panas masuk = panas keluar+ Qc

Q masuk = 19505970.6889747

Qc = 1072525.58003496 Kj/jam

Q keluar = 18433445.1089398

Neraca panas Total

Komponen

Input

Umpan Gas(NH3)

5799710.63640273

Umpan cair(H2SO4)

12078767.4752885

Output

Produk

14941129.87252

Mother liquor

1627492.57728351

Kondensat

3492315.2364198

Panas reaksi

-1482.6174242569

Panas hilang

-1482.6174242569

-1074008

1072525.58003496

TOTAL

19504488.0715505 19504488.0715505

Q yang dibutuhkan =

39008976.143101 kj/jam

Media pendingin yang digunakan adalah air :

T in = 30

303.15

T out = 50

323.15

T ref = 25

298.15

H(323.15 K)-(H303.15 K) =[H(323.15 K)-H(29.15 K)]-[(H(303.15K)-(298.15 K)]

1_298.15^323.15 _((2
)) 1_298.15^303.15
_((2)) =

1882.9602088601
=

377.471413241

1505.4887956187 J/mol

= 83638.2664232609 J/kg
=

83.6382664233 Kj/kg

Air pendingin yang dibutuhkan :

m= Q/(H (323.15 K) -H (303.15 K))

= 466401.060319587 Kj/kg

kj/mol
mol/jam
kj/jam

x 1000 mol/kmol : 18 kg/kmol

3. Centrifuge Separator
Berfungsi :
T=

60 C

P=

333.15 K

1.5 atm

Tref =

22.05 psia

25 C

298.15 K

Data-data kontatnta kapasitas panas dalam bentuk cairan

Komponen

NH3

-182

3.36E+00

-1.44E-02

2.04E-05

H2SO4

26.004

7.03E-01

-1.39E-03

1.03E-06

H2O

92.053

-4.00E-02

-2.11E-04

5.35E-07

(NH)SO

51.6

N(Kmol)

Cp dT

Q (kj/jam)

Panas masuk centrifuge

Komponen Massa (Kg)
HSO
(NH)SO
HO

305.3474

3.1138515822 4961.75175735 15450.15856

165368.3712 1252.21201717
2448.5752

34.825

182456.856724

136.031955556 2634.09413426 358320.976201

TOTAL

556227.991485

Panas keluar centrifuge ke MLT

Komponen
Massa (Kg) N(Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
45.8021 0.4670776353 4961.7517573 2317.523278
(NH)SO ( 82684.1856 1252.2120172
22.75 119192.92148
HO
367.2863 20.404794444 2634.0941343 53748.149357
TOTAL
175258.59411
Panas keluar Centrifuge ke Rotary Dryer
Komponen
Massa (Kg) N(Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
259.5452 2.6467729271 4961.7517573 13132.630222
(NH)SO ( 82684.1856 1252.2120172
12.075 63263.935246
HO
2081.289 115.62716667 2634.0941343 304572.84148
TOTAL
380969.40695
Neraca panas total centrifuge
Komponen
Input
Output
Q in
556227.99148
Q dari MLT
175258.59411
Q dari Dryer
380969.40695
Total
556228
556228

0.0

4. Neraca panas Rotary Dryer

Kondisi operasi dalam Rotary dryer
T in =
P=
T ref =

90 C
1 atm
25 C

363.15 K
14.7 K
298.15 K

0.0

Neraca panas masuk :

Q in rotary dryer = Q out centrifuge

380969.4 Kj/jam

Neraca panas keluar :

Neraca panas keuar Produk
Komponen
Massa (Kg) N(Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
259.5452 2.6467729271 9333.1972618 24702.853836
(NH)SO ( 81865.5303 619.90693922
22.425 58163.448248
HO
123.1061 6.8392277778 4888.7266588 33435.115163
TOTAL
82248.1816
116301.41725
Neraca panas keluar ke cyclone
T in =
48.94 C
322.09 K
P=
1 atm
14.7 psia
T ref =
25 C
298.15 K
Komponen
Massa (Kg) N(Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
177.4745 1.8098377541 3376.3942305 6110.7257509
(NH)SO (
818.6553 6.1990693695
15.561 403.60375245
HO
1958.1829 108.78793889 1803.2995203 196177.23802
TOTAL
2954.3127
202691.56752
Q Loss = Q in - Q out =

61976.42 Kj/jam

Neraca panas total Rotary Dryer

Komponen
Q input (Kj) Q output (Kj)
Q masuk
380969.40695
Q keluar
318992.98477
Q loss
61976.42218
Total
380969.40695 380969.40695

5.

Neraca panas Cyclone Separator

Kondisi Operasi :
T in =
P=
T ref =

48.94 C
1 atm
25 C

Neraca panas masuk :

Q in cyclone searator = Q out Rotary dryer
Komponen
HO
TOTAL

322.09 K
14.7 K
298.15 K

#REF! Kj/jam

Massa (Kg) N(Kmol)

Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
1048.6602
58.2589
#REF!
#REF!
1048.6602
#REF!

Neraca panas keluar :

Neraca panas keluar ke Mother Liquor dan Udara
Komponen
Massa (Kg) N(Kmol)
Cp dT
Q (kj/jam)
HSO
177.4745 1.8098377541
#REF!
#REF!
(NH)SO (
818.6553 12.398138739
15.561 807.2075049
HO
1048.6602
58.2589
#REF!
#REF!
TOTAL

#REF!