Adverbial Clause

Pengertian Adverbial Clause

Adverbial clause adalah dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai adverb (kata
keterangan) dan memberikan informasi tentang verb (kata kerja), adjective (kata sifat),
atau adverb yang berada pada independent clause dengan kapasitasnya menjawab
pertanyaan seperti: how (bagaimana), when (kapan), where (di mana),
dan why (mengapa).
Adverbial clause dimulai dengan suatu kata yang
disebut subordinate conjunction (seperti: when, after, because, dan though) yang
menghubungkannya dengan independent clause. Gabungan adverbial
clause dan independent clause disebut complex sentence.

Macam-macam adverbial clause antara lain:

 adverbial clause of time (waktu)
 adverbial clause of place (tempat)
 adverbial clause of cause/reason/result (sebab/alasan/akibat)
 adverbial clause purpose (tujuan)
 adverbial clause of condition (pengandaian)
 adverbial clause of contrast/consession (pertentangan)
 adverbial clause of manner (cara)

Rumus Adverbial Clause

Secara umum rumus complex sentence dan adverbial clause sebagai berikut.
Adverbial Clause

Subordinate Conjunction + S + V +/- …

Complex Sentence

Independent Clause (S + V +/- …) + Adverbial Clause

Posisi Adverbial Clause

Adverbial clause dapat berada di awal kalimat, kemudian diikuti oleh independent clause.
Sebaliknya, independent clause dapat berada di awal kalimat, kemudian diikuti
oleh adverbial clause. Jika berada di awal, diujung klausa ini diberi tanda baca koma.
 Because I have nothing to say, I can’t start a conversation.
di
(Karena saya tidak ada yang dapat saya katakan, saya tidak dapat memulai
awal
sebuah percakapan.)

di I can’t start a conversation because I have nothing to say.

akhir

Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Clause

Fungsi Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Clause

memberikan informasi You were sleeping when she arrived.

tentang verb (Dia tiba ketika kamu sedang tertidur.)
Keterangan:

 verb = were sleeping

 subordinate conjunction = when

memberikan informasi Her face looks fresh because she always eats well,
tentang adjective sleeps enough, and exercises.
(Wajahnya tampak segar karena dia selalu makan
dengan baik, tidur cukup, dan berolahraga.)
Keterangan:

 adjective = fresh
 subordinate conjunction = because

memberikan informasi He drove fast in order that he could arrive on time.

tentang adverb (Dia mengemudi dengan cepat agar dia dapat tiba
tepat waktu.)
Keterangan:

 adverb = fast
 subordinate conjunction = in order that

Macam dan Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Clause

1. Time (Waktu)

Adverbial clause of time adalah subordinate clause yang menjawab

pertanyaan when (kapan).
Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Time:

 after (setelah)
 as (ketika, sementara)
 as soon as (segera setelah)
 before (sebelum)
 once (segera setelah)
 since (sejak)
 until/till (sampai)
 when (ketika)
 whenever (kapan saja, sewaktu-waktu)
 while (ketika, sementara)

I’m going to give her this present after our surprise party on tuesday.
(Saya akan memberinya kado ini setelah pesta kejutan kita pada hari selasa.)

I was studying in the library when someone greeted me.

(Saya sedang belajar di perpustakaan ketika seseorang menyapa saya.)

2. Place (Tempat)

Adverbial clause of place menjawab pertanyaan yang diawali oleh kata tanya where (di
mana).
Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Place:

 where (di mana)

 wherever (di manapun)

I take it with me wherever I go.

(Saya membawa itu kemanapun saya pergi.)
3. Contrast (Pertentangan)

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Contrast:

 although, even though, though(meskipun)

 whereas (sebaliknya, sedangkan)
 while (meskipun)
 even if (kalaupun)

He did nothing although he was fired and didn’t receive his final paycheck.
(Dia tidak melakukan apapun meskipun dia dipecat dan tidak mendapatkan gaji
terakhir.)

Though I’m annoyed, I try to keep calm.

(Meskipun saya jengkel, saya mencoba untuk tetap tenang.)

4. Cause/Reason/Result (Sebab/Alasan/Akibat)

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Cause/Reason/Result:

cause/reason result

 as (karena)  so (sehingga)
 because (karena)
 since (karena)

Because she had free time during last holiday, she rearranged her house.
(Karena dia punya waktu luang selama liburan lalu, dia menata ulang rumahnya.)

She had free time during last holiday so she rearranged her house.

5. Purpose (Tujuan)

Adverbial clause of purpose digunakan untuk membicarakan tujuan atau cita-cita

dimana so dan so that merupakan subordinate conjunction yang umum digunakan.
Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Purpose:

 in order that
 in the hope that
 so
 so that
 so as

I’ll tell you the best route so that you arrive on time.
(Saya akan mengatakan padamu rute terbaik supaya kamu tiba tepat waktu.)

6. Condition (Syarat)

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Condition:

 as long as (jika, dengan syarat)

 if (jika, dengan syarat)
 only if (hanya jika)
 otherwise (jika tidak)
 or else (jika tidak)
 provided /providing (that) (jika, dengan syarat)
 supposing (asumsikan, anggap)
 unless (jika tidak)

She’ll come to my party only if you accompany her.

(Dia akan datang ke pesta saya jika kamu menemaninya.)

As long as you don’t break the law, you will be fine.

(Jika kamu tidak melanggar hukum, kamu akan baik-baik saja.)

I can’t help you unless you tell me what’s going on.

(Saya tidak dapat membantumu kecuali kamu memberitahu saya apa yang sedang
terjadi.)

7. Manner (Cara)

Adverbial clause of manner menjawab pertanyaan how (bagaimana).

Contoh Conjunction dan Kalimat Adverbial Clause of Manner:

 as if (seperti)
 as though (seperti)
 how (bagaimana)
 the way (cara)

You can live your life how you want.

(Kamu dapat menjalani hidup seperti yang kamu inginkan.)

https://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-fungsi-macam-contoh-kalimat-adverbial-clauses

What Are Adverbial Clauses? (with Examples)

An adverbial clause is a group of words which plays the role of an adverb.
(Like all clauses, an adverbial clause will contain a subject and a verb.) For
example:
 Keep hitting the gong hourly.
(normal adverb)
 Keep hitting the gong until I tell you to stop.
(adverbial clause)
In the examples above, the normal adverb and adverbial clause both tell us
when the gong is to be hit. They are both adverbs of time. All adverbs
(including adverbial clauses) can usually be categorized as one of the
following:

Adverbs of Time
An adverb of time states when something happens or how often. An adverb of
time often starts with one of the following subordinating
conjunctions: after, as, as long as, as soon as, before, no sooner
than, since, until, when, or while. Here are some examples:
 After the game has finished, the king and pawn go into the same box.
(Italian Proverb)
 I stopped believing in Santa Claus when my mother took me to see
him in a department store, and he asked for my autograph. (Shirley
Temple)
 As soon as you trust yourself, you will know how to live. (Johann
Wolfgang von Goethe)
Adverbs of Place
An adverb of place states where something happens. An adverb of place
often starts with a preposition (e.g., in, on, near) or one of the following
subordinating conjunctions: anywhere, everywhere, where, or wherever. Here
are some examples:
 In a world where there is so much to be done, I felt strongly impressed
that there must be something for me to do. (Dorothea Dix)
 I am not afraid of the pen, the scaffold, or the sword. I will tell the
truth wherever I please. (Mother Jones)

Adverbs of Manner
An adverb of manner states how something is done. An adverb of manner
often starts with one of the following subordinating conjunctions: as, like,
or the way. Here are some examples:
 He acts like it is a joke.
 We don't have conversations. You talk at me the way a teacher talks
to a naughty student.
 Except for an occasional heart attack, I feel as young as I ever did.
(Robert Benchley)

Adverbs of Degree or Comparison

An adverb of degree states to what degree something is done or offers a
comparison. An adverb of degree often starts with one of the following
subordinating conjunctions: than, as...as, so...as, or the...the. Here are some
examples:
 A vacuum is a hell of a lot better than some of the stuff that nature
replaces it with. (Tennessee Williams)
 He is as smart as he is tall.
 She is not so bright as she thinks she is.
Sometimes, the verb in an adverb of degree is understood (i.e., not present).
For example:
 You are taller than I.
(In this example, the verb am has been omitted. This is permissible.)
 You are taller than I am.
(This is the full version.)
 You are taller than me.
(This is the colloquial version. This version might irk some of your
grammar-savvy readers, but it is acceptable.)
Read more about choosing between than I and than me.

Adverbs of Condition
An adverb of condition states the condition for the main idea to come into
effect. An adverb of condition often starts with if or unless. Here are some
examples:
 If the facts don't fit the theory, change the facts. (Albert Einstein)
 If the English language made any sense, a catastrophe would be an
apostrophe with fur. (Doug Larson)
 If all the rich people in the world divided up their money among
themselves, there wouldn't be enough to go around. (Christina Stead,
1903-1983)

Adverbs of Concession
An adverb of concession offers a statement which contrasts with the main
idea. An adverb of concession often starts with one of the following
subordinating conjunctions: though, although, even though, while, whereas,
or even if. Here are some examples:
 Although golf was originally restricted to wealthy, overweight
Protestants, today it's open to anybody who owns hideous clothing.
(Dave Barry)
 A loud voice cannot compete with a clear voice, even if it's a whisper.
(Barry Neil Kaufman)

Adverbs of Reason
An adverb of reason offers a reason for the main idea. An adverb of reason
often starts with one of the following subordinating
conjunctions: as, because, given, or since. Here are some examples:
 I don't have a bank account, because I don't know my mother's
maiden name. (Paula Poundstone)
 Since you are like no other being ever created since the beginning of
time, you are incomparable. (Brenda Ueland)

Properties of an Adverbial Clause

Here are the properties of an adverbial clause:
 An adverbial clause is an adjunct. This means it can be removed
without the sentence being grammatically wrong.
 An adverbial clause is a dependent clause. This means it cannot
stand alone as meaningful sentence in its own right.
 An adverbial clause usually starts with a subordinating
conjunction (e.g., although, because, if, until, when)
 An adverbial clause will contain a subject and a verb. (This is what
makes it a clause as opposed to a phrase.)