Presentasi SNI Geoteknik - Fondasi DA R1

Disiapkan oleh:
Dedi Apriadi
Wayan Sengara
Geotechnical Engineering Research Group
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Dedi Apriadi & Wayan Sengara – Pelatihan SNI Geoteknik
SNI 8460:2017
Persyaratan Perancangan Geoteknik
(Pasal 9 Fondasi)
Dedi Apriadi & Wayan Sengara – Pelatihan
Dedi Apriadi – SA 5104
SNI Geoteknik

• Survey Lapangan & Penyelidikan Tanah
Jenis, jumlah dan kedalaman penyelidikan lapangan
(Pasal 5) => mendapatkan representative subsurface condition & soil
and rock parameters
• Persyaratan Dasar
Strength and serviceability requirements: metode perhitungan dan
kriteria desain
• Pembebanan pada Fondasi

Beban Minimum Untuk Perancangan Bangunan Gedung dan Struktur
Lain, SNI 1727: 2013.
Tata Cara Perencanaan Ketahanan Gempa Untuk Struktur Bangunan
Gedung dan Non Gedung, SNI 1726: 2012
• Uji Pembebanan dan Integritas

SNI Geoteknik
Survey Lapangan dan Penyelidikan Tanah
• Survey Lapangan
Survey topografi, survey geologi, survey geofisik dan struktur bawah
tanah
• Penyelidikan Tanah
Pengeboran, pengambilan contoh (DS dan UDS), serta
pengujian lapangan dan laboratorium
SNI Geoteknik
Survey Lapangan dan Penyelidikan Tanah
• Penyelidikan Tanah
SNI Geoteknik
Design Soil Parameters
Important Issues
• Correlation from insitu testing? Or from laboratory tests? Or
both?
• Soil shear strength: Unconsolidated or Consolidated?

Undrained (total) or Drained (effective)?
• Soil stiffness: Undrained (total) or Drained (effective)?
• Soil compressibility: Cc or Cs?

SNI Geoteknik
General clay soil Su = (5 – 8)*N-SPT; TABG DKI

Clayshale Cu = 1.8*N-SPT (Reese & O Neill, 1999)

Consolidation Parameter
Po'; Pc' (kg/cm2) OCR

0 10 20 30 40 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
0 0
50 50
100 100
OCR
Pc' Lower
Depth (m)
depth (m)
Bound
Po' Average
150 150
200 200
250
250
300
300
8

Distribution of Cc, Cs, and e0 parameters
Cc, Cs eo
0 0.5 1 -0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5
0 0
Cc
50 50
Cs
Lower Bound Cs
100 100
average Cs
eo
Depth (m)
depth (m)
Upper Bound eo design
150 Cs 150
Lower Bound
Cc
200 average Cc 200
Upper Bound
Cc
250 250
300 300 9
SNI Geoteknik
Hubungan antara  dengan N-SPT pada uji SPT untuk Sandy

Soil (After K. Terzaghi)
SNI Geoteknik
Untuk tanah lempung

terkonsolidasi berlebih
(overconsoolidated), Sorensen
dan Okkels (2013)
menyarankan sudut geser
dalam puncak (’peak)
Hubungan antara ’ dan Indeks Plastisitas pada tanah

terkonsolidasi normal (After Sorensen dan Okkels, 2013)
SNI Geoteknik

Hubungan antara modulus undrained dari
tanah lempung, undrained shear strength,
Plasticity Index (PI) dan OCR (Padfield,
C.J., and Sharrock, M.J., 1983).
Drained modulus E’ = 0.6 Eu

SNI Geoteknik
Contoh Metode Penentuan Beban Ultimate pada Fondasi Tiang

DESAIN KRITERIA
FAKTOR KEAMANAN (DAYA DUKUNG IJIN AKSIAL SINGLE PILE)

• Qijin => minimum SF = 2,5 untuk kondisi layan
• Untuk kondisi gempa nominal Qijin dapat dinaikkan 1.3x
• Untuk kondisi gempa kuat Qijin dapat dinaikkan 1.56x
DEFORMASI LATERAL IJIN (SINGLE PILE KONDISI FREE HEAD)

• Deformasi maksimum kondisi gempa nominal 12 mm
• Deformasi maksimum kondisi gempa kuat 25 mm
Uji Pembebanan dan Integritas Fondasi Tiang
Pile Loading Test:

• Static Loading Test: bored pile min 1 test for every 75 piles
and driven pile min 1 test for every 100 piles
• PDA: max 40% of total SLT
Pile Integrity:
• Pile Integrity Test: min 1 for every 5 piles (20%) with same
diameter
• Sonic Logging Test: min 1 for every 20 piles (5%) with same
diameter
• Thermal Integrity Profiling
Pile Loading Test - Axial

• Test Pile
– Preliminary pile design is first carried out on the basis of site investigations
– Pile load tests are then carried out to refine and finalize the design
– Tested until pile failure
• Test on Working Load

– In areas where previous experience is available
– Pile load tests are then carried out on randomly selected actual piles to
check the pile design capacities
– Tested until 200% of working load.
• Pile loading test results:

– Indication of mobilized ultimate pile bearing capacity.
– Indication of settlement.
1. Working pile/Used Pile, pile still can be used,

Max load = 200% of working load
Allowable deformation = 25 mm (for dia max 80 cm)
4% dia (for dia > 80 cm)
2. Test pile/Unused Pile, rejected pile because tested

until failure
Dedi Apriadi – SI 3221 Rekayasa Fondasi
Lateral Loading Test
Test Procedures (ASTM D 1143-81)
Standard Loading Procedure
 Apply the total load in 10 steps to 200 % of design load. The 25

% and 50 % of design load increments are applied for 10 min,
each and the 75 % load increment is maintained for 15min, other
load increments are maintained for 20min each
 After maintaining 200 percent design load for 60 min, unload the
pile in steps of 50 percent of the design load, maintaining each
loadv decrement for 10min
Dedi Apriadi – SI 3221 Rekayasa Fondasi
1. Allowable deformation may be taken at 10 mm at

100% WL and 25 mm lateral movement or
deformation at 200% WL.
2. Failure load may be considered at the point of

intersection of tangents on the load-movement
curve.
SNI 8460:2017
(Pasal 12 Kegempaan)
SNI Geoteknik
Earthquale Design Criteria

SNI Geoteknik
Site Class
Site Class
Site Class
3m
4m
9m
30 m
13 m
1m (1)
Site Class
(2) (3)
Site Class
Site Class
Vs (m/s)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
0
N-SPT B01 2012

50
N-SPT B02 2012
N-SPT B03 2012
N-SPT B04 2012
N-SPT B05 2012
100
N-SPT B06 2012
N-SPT B07 2012
N-SPT B08 2012
Depth (m)
150 N-SPT B09 2012

N-SPT B10 2012
N-SPT B11 2012
SDT-B8 2012
200
SDT-B2 2012
Microtremor
Vs Profile for SSRA
250
Data Sources:
• Seismic Downhole Test
300
• Microtremor Test
• N-SPT
SNI Geoteknik
Persyaratan Desain Gempa pada Fondasi

SNI Geoteknik
Evaluasi Deformasi Tanah Akibat Likuifaksi

Dedi Apriadi – SI 4121 Pengantar Dinamika Tanah dan Rekayasa Gempa
Evaluation of Liquefaction Potential

Use of Total/Effective Stress Site-Specific Response Analyses
(Total/Effective SSRA) => 1-D wave propagation analysis
• Evaluate the excess pore pressure ratio (ru) and maximum
earthquake induced shear stresses at any depth during
earthquake event. u
ru =
 'v 0
• Selected and scaled input motions are developed to get
expected PGA for specific earthquake level design associated
with earthquake return period, design life time of structure and
levels of risk accepted by the owner or governmental
regulations (Deterministic and/or Probabilistic SHA)
• Affected by selection of a soil constitutive model

• Total Stress Site-Specific Response Analyses (NERA/SHAKE):
mobilized shear strain => Ru (Dobry, 1985)

• Effective Stress Site-Specific Response Analyses
(DMOD/DEEPSOIL): mobilized u => Ru
u
ru =
 'v 0
Comparison between SP and SSRA

0
Factor of Safety
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
Excess pore pressure
0 -5
Initial effective stress
amax = 0.362g (Earthquake Level 2)
2 Medium dense sand
-10
4
Depth (m)
6 -15
Depth (m)
8 High potential damage Medium stiff clay

-20
10
Medium dense sand
12 -25
ZK-06
14 ZK-07
ZK-13 -30
16 0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Excess pore pressure/Initial effective stress (kPa)
Comparison between SP and SSRA

0
-5
-10 Medium dense sand

Depth (m)
-15
Medium stiff clay

-20
Medium dense sand

-25 Ru
-30
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Excess pore pressure ratio r u
SNI Geoteknik
Efek likuifaksi pada perancangan fondasi
• Pengurangan kapasitas lateral dan aksial serta kekakuan

fondasi dalam
• Lateral spreading
• Penurunan tanah dan kemungkinan efek downdrag

Liquefaction-induced instability in pile foundation
Buckling instability Bearing Failure

Madhabushi et al., 2010


SNI Geoteknik
Efek likuifaksi pada perancangan fondasi

Recommended analysis considering liquefaction-

induced instability in pile foundation for practical use
• Lateral capacity
- Use standard p-y curve for non-liquefied layer (ex. API)
- Use p-multiplier due to liquefaction effect for liquefied layer
(Boulanger, et al., 2003)
- Use dynamic time histories analysis (free-field displacement)
to predict additional load due to lateral spreading
• Axial capacity: Use our proposed simple calculation
considering mobilized excess pore pressure ratio (Dedi Apriadi,
2010)
fs= K . (1-ru) .’v0. tan  (unit skin friction)
q = (1-ru) .’v0. Nq (unit end bearing)
Proposed mobilized shear resistance for

liquefiable soil
S = (1-ru) .’v0. tan  (Dedi Apriadi, 2010)
S/'v0
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18
0
2
Dobry (1995)
4
Calculated by proposed
Dobry, 1995)
S/’v0 of 0.07 (loose
6
relationship
sand), 0.085 (medium
Depth (m)
8 sand) and 0.10 (dense

10
sand)
12
14
16
Penentuan p-multiplier
Penentuan P-Multiplier dilakukan pada tanah non kohesif
yang berpotensi likuifaksi.
1. Menentukan nilai Pu likuifaksi
𝑘𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜙𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝛽𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼
𝑆 = 1 − 𝑟𝑢 × 𝜎′𝑣𝑜 × 𝑡𝑎𝑛ф 𝑐1 = + + 𝑘𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜙𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛽 − 𝜙 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛽 − 𝜙
𝑃𝑢 𝑙𝑖𝑞 = 9 × 𝑆 × 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑐2 = − 𝑘𝑜
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛽 − 𝜙
2. Menentukan koefisien c1, c2 dan c3.

𝜙
𝜙 = 12 × 𝑁𝑆𝑃𝑇 + 20 𝛼=
2
𝜙
𝛽 = 45 + 𝜙
2 𝑘𝑜 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 45 −
2
3. Menentukan nilai Pu drained
𝑃𝑢1 = 𝑐1 × 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ + 𝑐2 × 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 × 𝛾′ × 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ
𝑃𝑢2 = 𝑐3 × 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 × 𝛾′ × 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ
𝑃𝑜 = 𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑃𝑢1 , 𝑃𝑢2 = Pu drained Koefisien sebagai fungsi dari Φ
4. Menentukan nilai P Multiplier (Mp)

𝑃𝑢 𝑙𝑖𝑘𝑢𝑖𝑓𝑎𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑀𝑝 =
0,9 × 𝑃𝑢 𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑
P-Y Curve Likuifaksi
P-Y curve saat kedalaman 13 meter pada tanah non P-Y curve saat kedalaman 13 meter pada tanah
likuifaksi dan likuifaksi 0,2 detik non likuifaksi dan likuifaksi 0,2 detik

Presentasi SNI Geoteknik - Fondasi DA R1

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Presentasi SNI Geoteknik - Fondasi DA R1

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Disiapkan oleh:

Persyaratan Perancangan Geoteknik

• Pembebanan pada Fondasi

• Uji Pembebanan dan Integritas

Survey Lapangan dan Penyelidikan Tanah

Survey Lapangan dan Penyelidikan Tanah

Design Soil Parameters

• Soil shear strength: Unconsolidated or Consolidated?

• Soil stiffness: Undrained (total) or Drained (effective)?

• Soil compressibility: Cc or Cs?

Design Soil Parameters

General clay soil Su = (5 – 8)*N-SPT; TABG DKI

Design Soil Parameters

Po'; Pc' (kg/cm2) OCR

Design Soil Parameters

Design Soil Parameters

Hubungan antara  dengan N-SPT pada uji SPT untuk Sandy

Design Soil Parameters

Untuk tanah lempung

Hubungan antara ’ dan Indeks Plastisitas pada tanah

Design Soil Parameters

Drained modulus E’ = 0.6 Eu

Contoh Metode Penentuan Beban Ultimate pada Fondasi Tiang

FAKTOR KEAMANAN (DAYA DUKUNG IJIN AKSIAL SINGLE PILE)

DEFORMASI LATERAL IJIN (SINGLE PILE KONDISI FREE HEAD)

Uji Pembebanan dan Integritas Fondasi Tiang

Pile Loading Test:

Pile Loading Test - Axial

• Test on Working Load

• Pile loading test results:

1. Working pile/Used Pile, pile still can be used,

2. Test pile/Unused Pile, rejected pile because tested

 Apply the total load in 10 steps to 200 % of design load. The 25

1. Allowable deformation may be taken at 10 mm at

2. Failure load may be considered at the point of

Earthquale Design Criteria

N-SPT B01 2012

150 N-SPT B09 2012

Persyaratan Desain Gempa pada Fondasi

Evaluasi Deformasi Tanah Akibat Likuifaksi

Evaluation of Liquefaction Potential

Evaluation of Liquefaction Potential

Evaluation of Liquefaction Potential

Comparison between SP and SSRA

8 High potential damage Medium stiff clay

Comparison between SP and SSRA

-10 Medium dense sand

Medium stiff clay

Medium dense sand

Efek likuifaksi pada perancangan fondasi

• Pengurangan kapasitas lateral dan aksial serta kekakuan

• Penurunan tanah dan kemungkinan efek downdrag

Liquefaction-induced instability in pile foundation

Buckling instability Bearing Failure

Liquefaction-induced instability in pile foundation

Liquefaction-induced instability in pile foundation

Efek likuifaksi pada perancangan fondasi

Recommended analysis considering liquefaction-

Proposed mobilized shear resistance for

S = (1-ru) .’v0. tan  (Dedi Apriadi, 2010)

8 sand) and 0.10 (dense

2. Menentukan koefisien c1, c2 dan c3.

4. Menentukan nilai P Multiplier (Mp)

P-Y Curve Likuifaksi