GERUND

1. Pengertian
Gerund adalah kata kerja bentuk –Ing yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda di dalam struktur
kalimat. Dalam struktur kalimat kata benda menempati menempati posisi :
 Subjek dan Complemen ( Dalam kalimat Nominal)
 Subjek dan Objek ( Dalam kalimat verbal)
I. Gerund dalam kalimat Nominal

Gerund dalam kalimat Nominal menempati posisi Subject/Complement.

Contoh gerund sebagai Subjek

1. Reading is my hoby
S P COM
2. Swimming in the river was his activity on hiis childhood.
S P Com
3. Making handicraft is the job of people in in this village.
S P Com
4. Reading news was Andy’s favourite activity in the past.
S P Com
5. Watching action film is interestint.
S P Com

6. Her cleaning the house is necessary..

S P Com

7. Their returning the money was a surprise

S P Com

Para Pendengar yang saya banggakan

Dari contoh diatas hal- hal yang perlu kamu cermati adalah :

1. Gerund adalah kata kerja bentuk –Ing.

2. Didalam kalimat diatas gerund adalah sebagai Subject.
3. Gerund bisa dalam bentuk satu kata atau kelompok kata (frasa)
Contoh gerund yany satu kata adalah di kalimat no.1
(Reading is my hoby)
Smoking is dangerous
Sleeping is a good rest
Stealing is a crime.
Contoh gerund yang frasa ( kelompok kata) adalah di kalimat no.2,3,4,5,6,7.
2. Swimming in the river was his activity on hiis childhood.
3. Making handicraft is the job of people in in this village.
4. Reading news was Andy’s favourite activity in the past.
5. Watching action film is interestint.
6. Her cleaning the house is necessary..
7. Their returning the money was a surprise.

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6. Caranya membentu frasa gerund sama dengan membentuk frasa kata benda. Yaitu
dengan diberi modifier keterangan didepannya (pre-modifier, atau keterangan
dibelakangnya(post-modifier)
7. Cara menambah Keterangan didepannya yaitu dengan ganti milik (posesive
pronoun).Contohnya di kalimat no.6,7.

Her cleaning the house is necessary..

Their returning the money was a surprise.
His disobeying the traffic rule is a regret

8. Cara membuat frasa gerund yang lain adalah dengan menambah keterangan di belakanya
( Post Modifier) . Yaitu dengan menambah Objek dan Keterangan.Contyohnya
 Crossing the busy road is dangerous.
 Eating nutricious food is very healthy
 Studying gerund is interesting
 Making handicraft is the job of people in this village.

1. Predikat kalimat yang subjeknya gerund adalah To Be (Tunggal) is/was

Tidak boleh to be jamak are,were. Alasannya gerund (baik yang berupa kata /frasa)
itu dianggap sebagai kata benda tunggal. Contoh:
 Running quickly for long period is tiring.
 Obeying the traffic rule is a must.
 Watching drama on TV is entertaining
2. Com(Complemennya) bisa Kata benda/frasa kata benda . Contohnya Kalimat no.1,2,
 Reading novel is his hobby
 Making handicraft is is the job of the people in this village
3. Compleme nya juga bisa kata sifat (adjective).Contohnya : Kalimat no.5,6,7
 Crossing the busy road is dangerous.
 Eating nutricious food is very healthy
 Studying gerund is interesting

Posisi gerund dalam kalimat nominal adalah sebagai Complemen. Cara membuatnya
adalah kalimat nominalnya dibalik.

Kalau complemennya kata benda

Gerund + is/was + Complemen -- Subjek + is/was/are/were + verb-Ing

Contoh : 1. Reading is my hoby

Gerund P Com.
- 1. My hoby is reading
Com.
2. Swimming in the river was his activity on his hobby.
---2. His activity on his childhood was swimming in the river
Com.
3. Making handicraft is the job of people in in this village.
- 3. The job of the people in this village are making haandicraft.
Com.
4. Reading news was Andy’s favourite activity in the past.

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 -- 4. Andy’s actiivity in the past was reading news.
Com.
Kalau complemennya kata sifat -- It + is/was + adjective + Gerund

5. Watching an action film is interestinting

-- 5. It is interesting watching an action film

6. Her cleaning the house is necessary.

--- 6. It is necessary her cleaning the house

7. Their returning the money was a surprise

-- 7. It is a surprise their returning the money.

II. Geurnd dalam kalimat verbal.

Di dalam kalimat verbal posisi gerund dalam kalimat adalah sebagai subjek, object,atau
objen kata depan (preposition)
A. Contoh sebagai Subjek :
1. Seeing her everyday made him realize how wonderful she was.
S P O V O
2. His finding the error saved him from many hours of extra work.
S P O Ket
3. Seeing her so thin and pale shocked him.

S P O

4. His breaking the rulles enrages every people in this town.

S P O
5. His doing carelessly when driving causes him get accident.
S P O V O
6. His losing much money made him live in difficullty.

S P O V Ket

Keterangan :

a. Dari contoh diatas gerund dipakai dalam kalimat verbal . Karena Predikatnya adalah
kata kerja. Contoh : made(1), saved (2), shoched (3), enrages (4), causes (5) , made
(6). Kalimat yang predikatnya kata kerja disebut dengan kalimat verbal.
Kamu dapat emmbuat sendiri contoh yang lain dengan kalimat sendiri. Bisa Ya.
Kamu hebat deh.

B. Contoh gerund sebagai Objek dalam kalimat verbal.

Contoh :
1. I have finished doing my homework
S P O
2. Vita enjoyed reading the novel.
S P O
3. Jack avoided looking at me when I tried to face him.
S P O
4. Do you mind moving there a little bit ?
Aux S P O

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 5. Never give up trying.
P O
6. Would you mind closing the door ?
Aux S P O
7. We have considered selling our house
S P O
8. He mentioned meeting the governor at the reception
S P O
9. They can not tolerate his ontestant’s complaining about anything.

S P O

Keterangan :

Dari contoh kalimat diatas dapat dilihat bahwa Objek kalimat2 tersebut adalah
–Ing Form ( Gerund, frasa gerund) dalam kalimat verbal. Karena Predikat
kalimat2 diatas adalah verb (kata kerja). Sebutkan satu persatu.

1. Finished = menyelesaikan
2. Enjoyed = senang
3. Avoid = menghindari/mengelak
4. Mind = keneratan
5. Give up = berhenti
6. 6. Mind = keberatan
7. Have considered = telah mempeetimbangkan
8. Mentioned = menyebut sekilas
9. Can not tolerate = tidak bisa menerima

Daftar kata kerja yang diikuti dengan gerund adalah sbb:

Latihan:

Ubah kata kerja dibelakang predikat menjadi bentuk yang benar

1. I enjoy (watch TV) while I’m having my first cup of coffee.

2. I mind (open) the window While I am having my first cup of coffee

3. I quit (eat dessert) While I am having my first cup of coffee

4. I give up (eat desserts ) While I am having my first cup of coffee

5. I finish (eat dinner ) While I am having my first cup of coffee

6. I get through (eat dinner) While I am having my first cup of coffee

7. I keep on (work) While I am having my first cup of coffee

8. I mind (open the window) While I am having my first cup of coffee

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 9. I mind (open the window) While I am having my first cup of coffee

C.Gerund sebagai objek setelah frasa tertentu :

Was/were used to = terbiasa
Give up = berhenti/menyerah
Look foreward to = sngat berharap
Contoh :
 I was used to swimming in the river when I was a child.
 My father gives up smoking when he knows it is dangerous.
 I look foreward to hearing from you soon.

D.Gerund sebagai objek dari preposition.

Preposition (kata depan) seringnya dipakai dalam phrasal verb ( kata kerja bentuk prasa ) . Jadi
tidak berdiri sendiri. Contoh :

Dalam frasal verb gabungan verb dan preposisi bersifat tetap seperti daftar diatas. Tidak boleh
bebas berdasarkan keinginan sendiri.
Contoh kalimat :
 I thank my friend for lending me his book.
Gr.
 I am excited about going to the beach with my friend
Gr.
 I am not accustomed to living in the remote village
 Umar didn’t feel good. He complained about having flu yesterday.
 I don’t blame you for not telling the name of your friend
 I have a good reason for not coming to his birthday party.
