UNIT 5 : ACTIVE / PASSIVE VOICE

Active voice

Kalimat Aktif adalah kalimat yang SUBYEKnya melakukan sebuah kegiatan yang dinyatakan oleh kata kerjanya.
Contoh Berikut ini menunjukkan bahwa  subject  ( Marilyn , Colourful parrots ) sedang melakukan sebuah tindakan.

             
Karena SUBYEK melakukan sebuah tindakan / action dalam kalimat diatas, kalimat tersebut disebut sebagai kalimat aktif /  active voice.
 
Passive voice
Kita bisa merubah urutan kata dalam kalimat aktif ( kalimat yang terdapat obyek langsung /  direct object) sehingga subject tidak lagi aktif tetapi menjadi dikenai tindakan atau
menjadi kalimat Pasif - or passive.
Perhatikan contoh berikut bagaimana hubungan Subyek dan Kata Kerja ( subject-verb ) berubah.

            

Karena subject dikenai tindakan , Kalimat tersebut adalah  passive voice.

NOTE:   Colorful parrots live in the rainforests  tidak bisa diubah menjadi passive
voice karena kalimat tersebut tidak memiliki direct object.
Untuk merubah sebuah kalimat aktif menjadi Pasif , lakukan berikut ini :
    1.  Pindahkan direct object sebuah kalimat ke posisi Subyek

             
    2. Tempatkan Subyek kalimat dengan menambahkan kata depan  preposition by ke akhir kalmat

              
    3.  Tambahkan bentuk  auxiliary verb be pada kata kerja utama dan ubah bentuknya menjadi kata kerja ke 3

              

             
            
It is generally preferable to use the ACTIVE voice.
 
Berikut ini cara mengubah kalimat passive menjadi kalimat active denga cara sbb :
    1.  Pindahkan Subyek kalimat pasif ke posisi   direct object kalimat Aktif

             
   
2.  Hilangkan   the auxiliary verb be dari kata kerja utama dan ubah bentuk kata kerjan yang diperlukan

            
    3. Tempatkan obyek kalimat pasiv ke posisi subyek kalimat aktif.

           
Karena lebih langsung, hampir semua penulis lebih suka menggunakan kalimat aktif.
Kalimat pasif mungkin digunakan apabila :
 Pelaku perbuatan tidak diketahui atau tidak diperlukan
             Examples

             
 Penulis ingin menekankan perbuatan dari pada pelaku perbuatan
            Examples

               
Perhatikan bagan berikut ini :

FORMING PASSIVE VOICE = MEMBENTUK KALIMAT PASIF

Active and passive voice: overview chart
TENSE ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
Simple present tense He speaks English English is spoken by him
Present continuous tense He is speaking English English is beig spoken by him
Present perfect tense He has spoken English English Has been spoken by him
Simple past He spoke English English Was spoken by him
Past continuous tense He was speaking English English Was being spoken by him
Past perfect tense He had spoken English English Had been spoken by him
Simple future tense He will speak English English Will be spoken by him
Be going to He is going to speak English English is going to be spoken by him
Future perfect He will have spoken English English Will have been spoken by him
Past Future Perfect He wouldl have spoken English English Would have been spoken By him

Passive Sentences with Two Objects 

  Subject Verb Object 1 Object 2

Active: Rita wrote a letter to me.

Passive: A letter was written to me by Rita.
Passive: I was written a letter by Rita.
Passiv with 2 Objek
1. Rachel will give you some advice.
2. I sent him a letter.
3. The police officer showed us the way.
4. Our neighbour gave me a lift.
5. We have asked him a favour.
6. She told me a lie.
7. They have written her a postcard.
8. Kerrie will make you a cup of tea.
9. The waiter has not brought us the coffee.
10.They did not offer her a seat

Write passive sentences in Simple Present. Write passive sentences in Simple Past.

1. the documents / print 1. the test / write

2. the window / open 2. the table / set
3. the shoes / buy  3. the cat / feed
4. the car / wash 4. the lights / switch on
5. the litter / throw away 5. the house / build
6. the letter / send 6. the dinner / serve
7. the book / read / not 7. this computer / sell / not
8. the songs / sing / not 8. the car / stop / not
9. the food / eat / not 9. the tables / clean / not
10. the shop / close / not 10. the children / pick up / not 

Write passive sentences in Present Perfect. Write passive sentences in Future I.

1. the postcard / send
2. the pencils / count
3. the door / close
4. the beds / make 1. the exhibition / visit
5. the mail / write 2. the windows / clean
6. the trees / plant 3. the message / read
7. the money / spend 4. the thief / arrest
8. the room / book / not 5. the photo / take
9. the rent / pay / not 6. these songs / sing
10. the people / inform / not 7. the sign / see / not
8. a dictionary / use / not
9. credit cards / accept / not
10. the ring / find / not

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice. Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

1. He opens the door 1. She sang a song.

2. We set the table 2. Somebody hit me.
3. She pays a lot of money 3. We stopped the bus.
4. I draw a picture. 4. A thief stole my car
5. They wear blue shoes 5. They didn't let him go
6. They don't help you. 6. She didn't win the prize
7. He doesn't open the book. 7. They didn't make their beds.
8. You do not write the letter. 8. I did not tell them.
9. Does your mum pick you up ? 9. Did you tell them?
10. Does the police officer catch the thief? 10. Did he send the letter? -
Exercise on Passive Voice - Present Perfect
Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.
1. Kerrie has paid the bill.
2. I have eaten a hamburger.
3. We have cycled five miles.
4. I have opened the present.
5. They have not read the book.
6. You have not sent the parcel
7. We have not agreed to this issue
8. They have not caught the thieves.
9. Has she phoned him?
10. Have they noticed us?
Passive Voice - Exercise with Auxiliary Verbs
Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.
1. I can answer the question.
2. She would carry the box.
3. You should open the window
4. We might play cards.
5. You ought to wash the car.
6. He must fill in the form.
7. They need not buy bread.
8. He could not read the sentence.
9. Will the teacher test our English?
10. Could Jenny lock the door? -  10. Could you feed the dog?
Exercise on Passive Voice - Future I
Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.
1. Jane will buy a new computer.
2. Her boyfriend will install it
3. Millions of people will visit the museum.
4. Our boss will sign the contract
5. You will not do it.
6. They will not show the new film.
7. He won't see Sue
8. They will not ask him
9. Will the company employ a new worker?
10. Will the plumber repair the shower?
Mixed Exercise on Passive Voice
Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.
1. John collects money.
2. Anna opened the window.
3. We have done our homework
4. I will ask a question.
5. He can cut out the picture
6. The sheep ate a lot.
7. We do not clean our rooms.
8. William will not repair the car.
9. Did Sue draw this circle?
 Exercise on Passive Voice - Conditional II 11. Rachel will give you some advice.
Rewrite the sentences in passive voice. 12. I sent him a letter.
1. They would have told you. 13. The police officer showed us the way.
2. We would have spoken English 14. Our neighbour gave me a lift.
3. Mario would have bought a paper. 15. We have asked him a favour.
4. She would have called the police. 16. She told me a lie.
5. We would have painted the walls green. 17. They have written her a postcard.
6. She would not have noticed the mistake. 18. Kerrie will make you a cup of tea.
7. I would not have given this book away. 19. The waiter has not brought us the coffee.
8. Would my mum have packed the bag? 20. They did not offer her a seat.
9. Would you have accepted that offer?
10.Would they have given the right answer?

Latihan Soal Passive Voice : Pilihlah jawaban passive voice yang tepat bagi kalimat aktif yang ada pada soal.
1. Mommy cleans the room every day. Passive voice is:
a. The room was clean by mommy every day b. The room is clean by mommy every day
c. The room is cleaned by mommy every day d. Mommy is cleaned the room every day e. The room was being cleaned by mommy every day

2. My uncle fixed the toy yesterday. Passive voice is:

a. My uncle was fixed the toy yesterday b. The toy was fixed by my uncle yesterday
c. The toy was fix by my uncle yesterday d. My uncle was being fixed the toy yesterday e. The toy had been fixed by my uncle yesterday

3.Joe has taken a Mandarin course. Passive voice is:

a. Joe has been taken a Mandarin course b. A Mandarin course taken by Joe
c. A Mandarin course has been taken by Joe d. Mandarin courses have taken by Joe e. Mandarin course will be taken by Joe

4. In the 1920’s, this TV _____.

a. is manufactured b. was manufactured c. will be manufactured

5. She _____ to my wedding party.

a. are invited b. have been invited c. has been invited

6. Her first novel _____ tomorrow morning.

a. is launched b. was launched c. will be launched

7. Janitor cleans the class room every day.

The passive form of that sentence’s are…
A)    The class room is cleaned by janitor every day. B)    The class room is clean by janitor every day.
 C)    The Janitor is cleaned the room every day. D)    The room was clean by the janitor every day. E)    Janitor cleans the class room.

8. My Mother fixed the car yesterday. Passive voice is:

A) My mother was fixed the car yesterday. B)    My mother was being fixed the car yesterday.
C)The car was fix by my mother yesterday. D)    The car was fixed by my mother yesterday. E)    My father was fixed the car yesterday.

9. He fixes the broken bikes every day. Turn it into passive form:
A)    The broken bikes are fixed by him every day. B)    The broken bikes are fixed by her every day.
C)    The broken bikes are fixed by he every day. D)    The broken bikes are fixed by him. E)    No one fixed the broken bikes.

10. The students are using the computers now.Passive voice is:
A) The computers are used by them now. B) The computers were used by them now.
C) The computers is being used by them now D) The computers are used by they now E) The computers are being used by the students now.

11. Usep has taken an English course.

Turn it to passive form:
A) English courses have taken by Usep. C) An English course has been taken by Usep.
B) An English course taken by Usep. D) Usep has been taken an English course. E) Usep and friend has taken an English course.

12. In the 1970’s, this car ‘__’.

A)    Will be manufactured. B) Is manufactured.
C)    Was manufactured. D) Not be manufactured. E)    When manufactured.

13. His first book ‘__’ tomorrow morning.

A)    Was launched. B)    Will be launched. C)    Is launched. D)    Launched. E)    Has been launched

14. Potatoes, black beans and chesnuts … raw.

a. were rarely consumed b. are rarely consumed

15. Fio … by one of the waitress now.

a. is being served b. is served

16. The new member enjoys … into our support group.

a. being received b. be received

17. You … if you meet the minimum requirements for this job.
a. would be contacted b. will be contacted
 18. Nothing … except his credit card.
a. has been stolen b. has stolen

19. The buildings … of marble and granite.

a. were made b. was made

20. A negative anonymous letter … on my car this morning.

a. was left b. is left

21. … with all my stories?

a. did you bored b. were you bored

22. The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia … by the Committee for Examination of Indonesian Independence and the Preparatory
Committee for Indonesian Independence.
a. were written b. was written

23. I want to know why a woman prefers … by a man.

They were interviewing her for the job.
She ________________ for the job
a. was being interviewed b. was interviewed c. has been interviewed

24. They were interviewing her for the job. 

She ________________ for the job.
a. was being interviewed b. was interviewed c. has been interviewed

25. Tom is writing the letter. 

The letter ________________ by Tom.
 a. was written b. is being written  c. has been written

26. Everyone understands English. 

English ________________ by everyone.
a.  is understood b. has been understood c. was understood

27. The employees brought up this issue during the meeting.  

This issue ________________ by the employees during the meeting.
a. has been brought up b. is brought up c. was brought up

28.  The professor told him not to talk in class. 

He ________________ by the professor not to talk in class. 
 a. has been told b. was told c. was being told

29. They say that women are smarter than men. 

Women ________________ to be smarter than men.
a.  were being said b. were said c. are said

30.  The fire has destroyed the house. 

The house ________________ by the fire. 
 a. has been destroyed b. was being destroyed c. is destroyed

31.  She would have told you. 

You ________________ by her. 
a. would have been told b. would be told c. were being told

32.  She would reject the offer. 

The offer ________________ by her.
a. will have been rejected b. would be rejected c. will be rejected

33. This surprises me. 

I ________________ by this.
a. would have been surprised b. will be surprised c. am surprised
34. They translated some old documents last week. What is the passive form of this sentence?
A) Some old documents are translated by them last week. B) Some old documents have been translated by them last week.
C) Some old documents were being translated by them last week. D) Some old documents were translated by them last week.
E) Some old documents been translated by them last week.

35. The important email has been sent by my secretary. What is the active form of this sentence?
A) My secretary was sending the important email B) My secretary sends the important email
C) My secretary is sending the important emai D) My secretary has been sending the important email
E) My secretary has sent the important email

36. We’ll be visiting our grandmother next week. What is the passive form of this sentence?
A) Our grandmother will be being visited by us next week. B) Our grandmother will be visited by us next week.
C) Our grandmother would be visited by us next week. D) Our grandmother would be being visited by us next week.
E) Our grandmother would have been visited by us next week.

37. We can see many beautiful paintings in this exhibition. They were ……. by famous Indonesian painter.
A) Painting B) Painted C) Paint D) Be Painting E) Being painting

38. Two tents for our camping would …….. by my mother.

 A) Being bought B) Been bought C) Be bought D) Bought E) Been buying

39. They cancelled all flights because of fog. The passive form of the sentence is, because of fog….
A) All flights had cancelled B) All flights were cancelled
C) All flights have been cancelled D) They be cancelled
E) They are being cancelled

40. A well known architect is designing our new office. The passive form of the above sentence is, Our new office …… by a well known architect.
A) Design B) Designed C) Be designing D) Is designed E) Is being designed

41. Jupiters four moons ……. through a telescope by Galileo.

A) Were first viewed B) First viewed C) Had been first viewed D) Were being first viewed E) First being viewed

42.”The boys have been told the good news.” it means____

A.The good news was told to the boys B.Somebody has told the boys the good news
C.The good news has been told by the boys D.The boys have told the good news

43.The meeting was supposed to be held yesterday, but it has been____to next thursday.
A.Taken off B.Worn off C.Put off D.Called off

44.The proposal____ discussed when I called the office this morning.

A.was being B.Been C.Being D.Have been

45. Black, red and even bright pink diamonds_____

A.Occasionaly to find B.Ocasionally Found
C.Have Ocasionally been found D.Have Ocasionally Found

46.Many books_____but one of the best is “how to win friends and influence people” by dale carniegie.
A.have written about success B.Written about success
C.Have been written about success D.About successful

47.______were first viewed through telescope by galileo.

A.Jupiter has four moons B.Jupiter’s four moons
C.Jupiter surrounded by four moons D.Surrounded by four moons, jupiter

48.In november of 1863, the city of atlanta _____during sherman’s famous “march to the sea”
A.was completely burned B.Completely was burned
 C.It was burned completely D.Completely burned it

49.The supreme court does not hear a case unless_____, except those involving foreign ambassadors.
A.a trial B.Already tried
C.It already trying D.It has already been tried

50._____Occasions for congratulations.

A.Birthday that usually considered B.usually considering birthdays
C.Birthdays are usually considered D.that considered birthday usually