DERIVATIVE

Derivative adalah pembentukan jenis kata baru dengan penambahan imbuhan. Misalnya Kata benda
bisa kita jadikan kata kerja atau kata sifat dengan cara menambahkan imbuhan dibelakangnya . Di
dalam bahasa inggris kita mengenal 4 jenis kata sbb :
 Kata benda ( noun )
 Kata sifat ( adjective )
 Kata kerja ( verb)
 Kata keterangan ( adverb)
Apakah hubungan ke empat jenis kata tersebut diatas ? misalnya kata sifaT ( adjective ) selalu
menjelaskan kata benda ( noun ) . Formulanya sbb :

ADJECTIVE NOUN

 ADJECTIVE + NOUN beautiful girl ( gadis cantik ) posisi kata sifat harus
mendahului kata benda ..dan tidak boleh dibalik seperti sbb . “ girl beautiful “ .

sedangkan kata keterangan ( adverb ) selalu menjelaskan kata kerja ( verb) .

ADVERB VERB

Formulanya sbb:

 ADVERB + VERB
 VERB + ADVERB

Pembentukan kata keterangan caranya adalah sbb : Kata sifat ( adjective ) + Ly . biasanya -ly ini
membawa arti dengan ….
Misalnya :
 quick + ly = quickly
Cepat = dengan cepat
 final + ly = finally
 slow + ly = slowly
Contoh kalimat
 He runs quickly
 The headmaster finally announced the announcement of school holiday.
 You drive the car slowly. Atau you slowly drive the car .

Ada aturan yang menyalahi kaidah diatas dimana kata kerja bisa diikuti oleh kata sifat . kaidah kata
kerja seperti ini di sebut dengan LINGKING VERB .

Berikut kelompok LINGKING VERB dengan istilah “ SeBeLAH SoFT “

 Seem = nampaknya
 Become = menjadi
 Look = kelihatan
 Appear = nampaknya
 Happen = terjadi + adjective
 Sound = kedengarannya
 Feel = merasa
 Taste = rasanya

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Contoh Kalimat :
 She looks beautiful
 I become lazy
 The students seem happpy this morning
 My father appear sad this night .
 The accident happens serious
 The programs sounds good.
 The food tastes nice .

NOUN DERIVATION ( PEMBENTUKAN KATA BENDA ..

NOUN SUFFIX
Untuk membentuk menjadi kata benda dari kata kerja , kita bisa tambakan imbuhan ( suffix ) sbb :

discuss ( v ) + ION = discussion

state ( V) + MENT = statement
differ (v) + ENCE = difference
dark ( ADJ) + NESS = darkness
ReaL ( ADJ) + ITY = reality
Child ( n) + HOOD = chIldhood
Air ( N) + SHIP = airship
VERB SUFFIX

Sweet ( adj) + EN = sweeten

Central ( ADJ) + IZE = centralize
Beauty ( N) + IFY = beautify
Sure ( ADJ) EN + …………….. = ensure

ADJECTIVE SUFFIX

Beauty (n) + FULL = beautiful

Power ( n) + LESS = powerless
Sand ( n) +Y = sandy
Economy ( n) + IC = economic
Danger ( n) + OUS = dangerous
History ( n) + ICAL = historical
Child ( n) + ISH = childish
Act ( v) + IVE = active
Differ ( adj) + ENT = different
Count ( v) + ABLE = countable

Various traditional cultures are performed random to amuse the spectators attending the show
A B C D

ADVERB
VERB ADJECTIVE
Randomly

Although she has a strong desire to be a singer , Rani’s voice sounds horribly to everyone who hears

her singing
lingking verb + adj adverb HORRIBLE

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Pembentukan kata benda (noun formation)
1. -age : breakage, sabotage
2. -an,-ian : librarian, mathematician
3. -ance, -ence : assistance, confidence
4. -dom : kingdom, freedom
5. -ery : bakery, fishery
6. -er : teacher, runner
7. -hood : childhood, brotherhood
8. -ics : economics, athletics
9. -ist : guitarist, dramatist
10. -ion, tion : information, relation
11. -logy : biology, sociology
12. -ment : development, government
13. -ness : silliness, happiness
14. -or : governor, operator
15. -ory : laboratory, observatory
16. -ship : friendship, hardship

Pembentukan kata sifat (adjective formation)

1. -able, -ible : fashionable, responsible
2. -al : magical, survival
3. -ant, -ent : significant, different
4. -ful : peaceful, handful
5. -ic : poetic, romantic
6. -ish : childish, girlish
7. -ive : active, constructive
8. -less : hopeless, treeless
9. -like : childlike, godlike
10. -ly : weekly, yearly
11. -ous : poisonous, dangerous
12. –y : dusty, bushy

Pembentukan kata kerja (verb formation)

1. –ate : stimulate, gyrate
2. -en : darken, widen
3. -ef, -ify : beautiful, terrify
4. -ise, -ize : computerize, dramatize
5. en- : endanger, enlarge

 Pembentukan kata keterangan (adverb formation)

1. -ly : beautifully, happily
2. -ward : backward, eastward
3. -wise : crosswise, clockwise

1. This flower can be _____ grouped into type depending upon how often they bloom.
    A. Convenient B. convenience
    C. Conveniently D. conveniences

2. A list of key beliefs of world class performers is the important material in coaching mental ______.
    A. Tough B. toughful
    C. Toughment D. toughness

3. The little girl is taking care of the puppy with ______.

    A. Patient B. patience
    C. Patiently D. Patients

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4. _____ angles of any triangle always add up to 180 degrees.
    A. If three B. The three C. Three of D. Three are

5. The bodies of living creatures are organized into many different systems, each of which has _____
function.
    A. Certainly B. A certain C. It is certainly D. To be certain

6. _____, Carl Sandburg is also well-known for his multi volume biography of Lincoln.
    A. An eminent American poet B. He is an eminent American poet
    C. An eminent American poet who is D. Despite an eminent American poet

7. The Hawthorne studies, _____ the monotonous working conditions of factory personnel, were a major
contribution to industrial psychology.
    A. In which the investigation of B. Were they investigated
    C. Which were investigation D. An investigation of

8. Vaporization in connection with general _____ has a marked effect on long-term climate.
    A. Atmospheric conditions that B. Conditions are atmospheric
    C. Are atmospheric conditions D. Atmospheric conditions

9. _____ discussion of group personality would be complete without a consideration of national character.
    A. None B. Not C. No D. Nothing

10. The javelin used in competition must be between 260 and 270 centimeters _____.
      A. In length B. It is long C. Whose length D. Lengthily