ADVERB (KATA KETERANGAN)

(Berfungsi untuk menjelaskan verb, menjelaskan keterangan waktu,

Keterangan tempat, tingkat keseringan, tingkat penekanan, cara)

1. Adverb of Time (Waktu)

Berfungsi untuk memberikan keterangan waktu.

Contoh Adverb Of Time

• in the nineteenth century (di abad ke 19)

• in the past (di masa lalu)
• in the colonial times (di masa penjajahan)
• in 1978, in 1945, in 1898, etc
• since 1983, since 1868, etc
• at the world war (pada perang dunia)
• at the early of 1900’s (di awal dekade)
• for several years (selama bertahun-tahun)
• for centuries (selama berabad-abad)
• over the few last decade (lebih dari beberapa akhir dekade)
• long time ago (pada jaman dahulu)
• in the prehistoric time (di masa pra sejarah)
• early (awal)
• recently (baru-baru ini)
• lastly (akhir-akhir ini)
• finally (akhirnya)
• last day/night/week/month/year/century/decade (lalu)
• next day/night/week/month/year/century/decade (depan)
• later (nanti)
• now, nowaday, at the present, (sekarang ini)
• since yesterday (sejak kemarin)
• then (pada saat itu (di masa lalu atau masa depan)
• today (hari ini, pada saat ini)
• tonight (nanti malam)
• yesterday (kemarin)
• tomorrow (besok)

Contoh Kalimat :
1. In 1945 Soekarno proclaimed the Independence of Indonesia.
2. Long time ago, there was a girl called Cinderela.
3. The Minister of Education will open schools next year.
2. Adverb of Manner (Menjelaskan Cara)
Digunakan untuk menyatakan cara melakukan pekerjaan.

Contoh Adverb of Manner

• automatically (secara otomatis)

• carefully (secara hati-hati)
• clearly (dengan jelas)
• cleanly (dengan bersih)
• correctly (dengan benar)
• rapidly (dengan cepat)
• beautifully (dengan indah/cantik)
• diligently (dengan rajin)
• cheerfully (dengan semangat)
• fluently (dengan lancar)
• quickly (dengan cepat)
• slowly (dengan lambat)
• gently (dengan lembut)
• easily (dengan mudah)
• seriously (dengan serius)
• accidentally (secara tidak sengaja)
• cruelly (dengan kejam)
• honestly (secara jujur)
• politely (dengan sopan)
• patiently (dengan sabar)
• perfectly (dengan sempurna)
• powerfully (dengan kuat)
• successfully (dengan sukses)
• suddenly (secara tiba-tiba)
• loudly (dengan keras)
• dramatically (secara dramatis)
• well / goodly (dengan baik)
fast (dengan cepat)  tanpa ly
hard (dengan keras) tanpa ly

Contoh Kalimat :
1. Their house is beautifully decorated with colorful designs.
2. She speaks English clearly so we can understand about her speech.
3. He started playing football in competition with his friends competitively.
3. Adverb of Degree (Derajat/Tingkatan/Penekanan)
Digunakan untuk menunjukkan penekanan (tingkatan atau derajat).

Contoh Adverb of Degree

• completely
• entirely
• extremely
• hardly
• positively
• rather = sedikit
• really
• somewhat = agak
• strongly
• totally
• absolutely
• enormously
• deeply
• fully
• greatly
• nearly = hampir
• just = hanya
• fairly = cukup
• barely
• highly
• indeed
• scarecely
• utterly
• practically
• definitely
• totally
• almost = hampir
• enough = cukup
• so
• too
• very

Contoh Kalimat :
1. Our previous examination was very difficult.
2. My stomach is almost full of food and drink.
3. Last night, I saw extremely scary ghost.
4. Adverb of Frequency (Tingkat Keseringan)
Digunakan untuk menunjukkan tingkat keseringan.

Contoh Adverb of Frequency

• always (selalu)
• constantly (terus-menerus)
• usually (biasanya)
• normally (biasanya)
• often (sering)
• sometimes (kadang-kadang)
• occasionally (sekali-sekali)
• infrequently (sekali-sekali)
• seldom (jarang)
• rarely (jarang sekali)
• hardly ever (tidak pernah)
• never (tidak pernah)
• yearly (setiap tahun)
• every day (setiap hari)
• every night (setiap malam)
• every morning (setiap pagi)
• monthly (setiap bulan)
• weekly (setiap minggu)
• daily (setiap hari)
• annually (setiap tahun)
• hourly (setiap jam)
• every second (setiap detik)
• once every month (sekali setiap bulan)
• once (sekali)
• twice (dua kali)
• three times (tiga kali)

Contoh Kalimat :
1. Rosita buys a book monthly.
2. A newborn cries hourly.
3. I eat twice a day.
5. Adverb of Place
Digunakan sebagai keterangan tempat.

Contoh Adverb of Place

• in the United States (di Amerika Serikat)

• in New York city (di kota New York)
• in North Carolina and Virginia
• in the North Pole
• in Hawaiian Island
• in the Rocky Mountains
• in office, in market, in school, etc
• above (di tempat/posisi yang lebih tinggi)
• abroad (di/ke luar negeri)
• across (dari satu sisi ke sisi yang lain)
• anywhere (di/ke tempat apapun)
• away (di/ke tempat lain, ke arah lain)
• backward(s) (ke belakang)
• downstairs (di/ke lantai yang lebih rendah)
• east, west, north, south (arah mata angin)
• here (disini)
• there (disana)
• indoor (di dalam ruangan)
• outdoor (di luar ruangan)
• nearby (dekat)
• uphill (ke atas bukit/lereng)
• at home (di rumah)
• under the bed (di bawah tempat tidur)

Contoh Kalimat :
1. In The United States, water treatmentt is generally the responsibility of municipal government.
2. Many athletes exercise indoor guided by their trainer.
3. Across Pacific Ocean, there is a seashore which is planted tomato, peanuts, and other vegetables.
 LETAK ADVERB

1. DI AWAL KALIMAT

 Generally, bauxite is found near the surface, so it is relatively simple to mine.

Biasanya dikasih koma  Menunjukkan Tingkat Keseringan

2. DI AKHIR KALIMAT

 Floods cause billions of dollars worth of property damage annually.

Biasanya diakhiri titik  Menunjukkan Tingkat Keseringan

3. SEBELUM VERB

 Stan Gets’s song is a solo recording which deeply influenced musicians .

(BENAR)  Adverb
JEBAKAN :
 Stan Gets’s song is a solo recording which deep influenced musicians.
(SALAH)  Adjective

Deeply  Adverb
Influenced  Verb

4. SETELAH VERB

 Skyscrapers developed simultaneously in Chicago and New York City.

(BENAR)
Developed  Verb
Simultaneously  Adverb

 Skyscrapers developed simultaneously in Chicago and New York City.

(BENAR)

 Skyscrapers developed simultaneous in Chicago and New York City.

JEBAKAN  (SALAH)

 The government build high skyscrapers in Chicago and New York City.
(BENAR)

 The government build highly skyscrapers in Chicago and New York City.
JEBAKAN  (SALAH)
5. SEBELUM ADJECTIVE

 During infancy, babies have totally strong bond with their mother’s voice.

Totally  Adverb
Strong  Adjective

ADVERB + ADJECTIVE  BENAR

ADJECTIVE + ADVERB  SALAH

JEBAKAN :

 During infancy, babies have strong totally bond with their mother’s voice.
A B C D

Jawaban (C) Strong Totally  Totally Strong

6. DIANTARA AUXILIARY & ORDINARY

 The colony of New Hampshire was permanently separated from Massachussets.

(ADVERB)  BENAR

JEBAKAN :

 The colony of New Hampshire was permanent separated from Massachussets.

(ADJECTIVE)
A B C D
Jawaban (C) Permanent  Permanently

Was  Auxiliary
Permanently  Adverb
Separated  Ordinary

(Is, Am, Are, Was, Were, Have, Has, Had + Adverb + V3 / Ving)
PELAKOR