Kimia Analisis Kuantitatif

Pendahuluan

Ine Suharyani
 Analisis Kimia
Zat kimia/gugus Berapa kadarnya ?
molekul/atom ?

Kualitatif Kuantitatif

Kode Nama zat konsentrasi

A Antalgin 500 mg
B Thiamin HCl 50 mg
C Pyridoxin HCl 100 mg
D Cyanocobalamine 100 μg

2
Tahap dalam analisis

Teobromin

Cafein
 Pengukuran
Satuan Dasar SI (sistem Internasional)
Satuan Turunan
 Konsentrasi dalam kimia
Molaritas (M) dan molalitas (m)
- mol : jumlah Avogadro dari suatu partikel
(atom, molekul, ion atau yang lainnya)
- Molaritas : jumlah mol per 1 liter larutan,
dituliskan dalam [...]
 Contoh Soal
1. Dalam 100 mL air laut mengandung 2,7 gram
NaCl, berapa M NaCl tersebut?
2. Jika dalam 100 mL air laut mengandung
MgCl2 0,054 M. Berapa gram MgCl2 yang
terkandung dalam air tersebut?
3. Hitunglah molaritas dan molalitas dari HCL
37% (b/b). Diketahui density dari larutan
tersebut adalah 1,19 g/mL.
 Persen
Persen berat (b/b%)
Berat zat (g)
persen 𝑏/𝑏 = × 100
berat total (g)

Persen volume (v/v%)

Volume zat (mL)
persen 𝑣/𝑣 = × 100
Volume total (mL)

Persen berat/volume (b/v%)

Berat zat (g)
persen 𝑣/𝑣 = × 100
Volume total (mL)
 ppm dan ppb
Ppm (part per million)
• 1 mg zat dalam 1 Liter (1 μg/mL)

Ppb (part per billion)

• 1 ng/mL

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑧𝑎𝑡
𝑝𝑝𝑚 = × 106
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑧𝑎𝑡
𝑝𝑝𝑏 = × 109
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙
Penyiapan larutan
Berapa gram CuSO4 yang harus
ditimbang untuk mendapatkan
larutan 8 mM sebanyak 500 mL?
mol = .......
BM CuSO4 = ............
Gram CuSO4 = ..............
 Pengenceran

Contoh Soal
Suatu larutan HCl 12,1 M akan diencerkan sampai
diperoleh konsentrasi 0,1 M sebanyak 1 L. Berapa
larutan yang dipipet untuk mengencerkan larutan
tersebut?
 Latihan
1. The concentration of the alkane in a particular C20H42 (BM 282.55) of
rainwater is 0.2 ppb. Assume that the density of rainwater is close to 1.00
g/mL and find the molar concentration of C20H42
2. How many grams of perchloric acid, HClO4, are contained in 37.6 g of 70.5
wt% aqueous perchloric acid? How many grams of water are in the same
solution?
3. The density of 70.5 wt% aqueous perchloric acid is 1.67 g/mL. Recall that
grams refers to grams of solution
(a) How many grams of solution are in 1.000 L? 1000 x 1,67 = 1.670 gram
(b) How many grams of are in 1.000 L? 705 g
(c) How many moles of are in 1.000 L? mol = 705/100,5 = 7,....mol
4. An aqueous solution containing 20.0 wt% KI has a density of
1.168 g/mL. Find the molality (m, not M) of the KI solution.
1. The concentration of the alkane in a particular
C20H42 (BM 282.55) of rainwater is 0.2 ppb.
Assume that the density of rainwater is close to
1.00 g/mL and find the molar concentration
molaritas of C20H42
0,2 𝑛𝑔 0,2 ×10−9 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
0,2 ppb = 0,2 ng/ml = =
1 𝑚𝐿 1 𝑚𝐿
0,2 × 10−9 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 0,2 × 10 𝑔 −6

−3
=
1 × 10 𝐿 1𝐿
0,2 𝑥 10−6 1000
M= × = 7,1 x 10-10 M
282,55 1000
2. How many grams of perchloric acid, HClO4,
are contained in 37.6 g of 70.5 % (b/v) aqueous
perchloric acid? How many grams of water are
in the same solution?
The density of 70.5 wt% aqueous perchloric acid is 1.67
g/mL. Recall that grams refers to grams of solution
(a) How many grams of solution are in 1.000 L? 106 x 1,67
= 1.67 x 106 gram = 1.670 kg
(b) How many grams HCLO4 of are in 1.000 L? 705 kg
70,5 𝑔 705 𝑔 705 𝑥 103 𝑔 𝟕𝟎𝟓 𝒌𝒈
 = = =
100 𝑚𝐿 1𝐿 1000 𝐿 1000 𝐿
(c) How many moles of are in 1.000 L?
𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 705.000
Mol = = = 7014 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑀𝑟 100,5
4. An aqueous solution containing 20.0 wt% KI
has a density of 1.168 g/mL. Find the molality
(m, not M) of the KI solution
 Latihan
5. The concentration of sugar (glucose, ) in human blood
ranges from about 80 mg/100 mL before meals to 120
mg/100 mL after eating. Find the molarity of glucose in
blood before and after eating.(BM Glukosa : 180)
Sebelum = ......M
Setelah = ....... M
6. An aqueous solution of antifreeze contains 6,067 M
ethylene glycol and has a density of 1.046 g/mL. (BM
etilenglikol : 62,07)
(a) Find the mass of 1.000 L of this solution and the
number of grams of ethylene glycol per liter.
(b) Find the molality of ethylene glycol in this solution
 Latihan
7. Noble gases (Group 18 in the periodic table) have the
following volume concentrations in dry air: He, 5.24 ppm;
Ne, 18.2 ppm; Ar, 0.934%; Kr, 1.14 ppm; Xe, 87 ppb.
(a) A concentration of 5.24 ppm He means of He per liter
of air. how many moles of He ?
5,24 𝑢𝑔 5,24 × 10−6 𝑔 −3 𝑔
= = 5,24 𝑥10
1 𝑚𝐿 10−3 𝐿
𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
Mol = = 5,24 𝑥10−3 / 4 = 1,31 𝑥10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑀𝑟

(b) Find the molar concentrations of Ar, Kr, and Xe in air

 Latihan
8. How many grams of boric acid, should be used to make 2.00 L of
0.050 0 M solution? What kind of flask is used to prepare this
solution?
9. Describe how you would prepare approximately 2 L of
0.050 0 M boric acid
10. How many liters of 0.25 M sodium hypochlorite solution (NaOCl,
laundry bleach) that can be prepared by dilution of 1.00 L of 0.80 M
NaOCl?
11. How many grams of 50 wt% NaOH (FM 40.00) should be
diluted to 1.00 L to make 0.10 M NaOH? (Answer with two digits.)
12. A bottle of concentrated aqueous sulfuric acid, labeled 98.0 wt%
(a) How many Molar of this solution?
(b) How many milliliters of reagent should be diluted to l.000 L to
give 1.00 M ?
8. How many grams of boric acid, should be
used to make 2.00 L of 0.050 0 M solution?
What kind of flask is used to prepare this
solution?
9. Describe how you would prepare
approximately 2 L of 0.050 0 m boric acid