ANSWER FOR KSSM MODULE

SCIENCE FORM 4
CHAPTER 1

1.1 PERALATAN PERLINDUNGAN DIRI

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

a) kelengkapan, memberikan perlindungan

equipment, protect

b) Melintang: Menegak:
Across: Down:
3. Sarung tangan 1. Kasut bertutup
Gloves Closed shoes/ safety shoes

4. Topeng muka 2. Pembilas mata

Face mask Eyewash station

6. Baju makmal 5. Aliran lamina

Lab coat Flow cabinet

7. Mudah meruap 8. Gogal

Volatile Goggles

9. Penyiram kecemasan
Safety shower

c)

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1.2 PEMBUANGAN BAHAN SISA
DISPOSAL OF WASTE

a) i. tidak diperlukan
unwanted

ii. pencemaran alam, hidupan

environmental pollution, life

iii. Boleh dibuang ke dalam sinki Tidak boleh dibuang ke dalam sinki
• rendah • 5,9
• asid lemah, alkali lemah, • pepejal
bahan neutral • organik
• gris, minyak, peroksida
Can be disposed of into sinks • berat
• low • reaktif
• weak acid, weak alkali,
neutral substance Cannot be disposed of into sinks
• 5, 9
• solid
• organic
• grease, oil, peroxide
• heavy
• reactive

b) i. buangan, kemudaratan
waste, harm

ii. 1. Bahan kumuh

Waste material
2. Medium kultur
Culture medium
3. Bangkai
Carcasses
4. Tisu
Tissue
5. Kaca
Glass
6. Bekas plastic
Plastic container
7. Sarung tangan
Gloves

c) i. prosedur, mengurus pelupusan sisa biologi di makmal.

procedure, managing biological waste substances in a laboratory

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ii.
Kategori Kategori A Kategori B Kategori C Kategori D
Category Category A Category B Category C Category D
Jenis bahan Peralatan Peralatan Bangkai, Cecair
sisa biologi tajam tidak tajam organ Liquid
Type of Sharp No-sharp Carcasses,
biological equipment solids organs
waste
substance
Picagari, Sarung Haiwan Darah dan
jarum, tangan, tisu, makmal dan serum
bilah scalpel medium haiwan uji Blood and
Contoh Syringe, kultur kaji serum
Examples needle, Gloves, Lab animals
scalpel blade tissue, culture and
medium experimental
animals

d) i. Kategori bahan sisa

Kategori A – Disimpan sementara di tempat yang selamat
Kategori B – Dimasukkan ke dalam beg autoklaf kali s bocor dan diautoklaf
(suhu 1210C, tekanan 15 psi, 20 minit)
Kategori C – Di bungkus dengan cermat dan disimpan sementara di dalam
penyejuk beku

Waste substance category

Category A- temporarily stored in a safe place
Category B- placed in a leak-proof autoclave bag and autoclaved (temperature
1210C, pressure 15 psi, 20 minutes)
Category C- packaged carefully and temporarily stored in a freezer.

ii. Sisa yang telah dibungkus itu dilabelkan dan dimasukkan ke dalam tong
biobahaya. Tong biobahaya disimpan sementara dalam keadaan selamat,
terkawal dan disejukkan sebelum pelupusan berpusat dijalankan

Waste that has been packaged is labelled and placed in biohazard bins.
Biohazard bins are temporarily stored in a safe, controlled condition and
cooled before centralized disposal is carried out.

e) i. Segera memberitahu guru atau pembantu makmal

Inform the teacher or the laboratory assistant immediately

ii. Sekat tumpahan daripada merebak menggunakan pasir untu membentuk

sempadan
Stop the spillage from spreading by using sand to form a boundary

iii. Kaut tumpahan bahan kimia

Scoop the chemical spillage

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 f) i. Segera memberitahu guru atau pembantu makmal
Inform the teacher or the laboratory assistant immediately

ii. Jadikan kawasan tumpahan kawasan larangan

Make the spillage area a restricted zone

iii. Tabur serbuk sulfur untuk menutupi tumpahan

Sprinkle sulphur powder onto the spillage

1.3 a) mengawal, memadamkan

control, extinguish

b) 1. Buih: memadamkan kebakaran melibatkan bahan pepejal seperti kayu

dan kertas serta jenis cecair atau gas yang mudah terbakar seperti
minyak, cat dan gas asli.
Foam: extinguishes flammable solids such as wood and paper as well
as types of liquid or gas that are flammable such as oil, paint and
natural gas.

3. Serbuk kering: memadamkan semua jenis kebakaran

Dry powder: extinguishes all type of fire

4. Air: memadamkan kebakaran yang melibatkan bahan pepejal seperti

kain, kertas dan kayu.
Water: extinguishes flammable solids such as cloth, paper and wood

c) i. Kelas B: kebakaran melibatkan jenis cecair seperti petrol, kerosin, diesel, cat,
varnis dan lain-lain.
Class B: fires that involve liquids such as petrol, kerosene, diesel, paint and
varnish

ii. Kelas C: serbuk kering, karbon dioksida

Class C: dry powder, carbon dioxide

iii. Kelas D: Kebakaran melibatkan logam seperti magnesium,aluminium,natrium,

kalium dan sebagainya
Class D: fires that involve metals such as magnesium, aluminium, sodium, and
potassium

iv. Kelas E: serbuk kering, karbon dioksida

Class E: dry powder, carbon dioxide

v. Kelas F: kebakaran melibatkan lemak dan minyak

Class F: fires that involve fats and oils

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d) Kelebihan pemadam api ABC Kelebihan selimut kebakaran
• logam dan gas • gentian
• manusia dan haiwan • air
• mencemarkan • menyelimuti
• diselenggara
• merebak Advantages of fire blanket
• fibres
Advantages of ABC fire extinguisher • water
• metal and gases • wrapped
• human and animal
• pollute
• maintain
• spreading

e) i. N → K → L →M

ii. K: 2.0 - 2.5 meter Langkah:

K: 2.0 - 2.5 metres Step:
2

L: tekan Langkah:
L: squeeze Step:
3

M: seluruh, muncungnya Langkah:

M: evenly, noozle Step:
4

N: pin keselamatan Langkah:

N: safety pin Step:
1

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 LATIHAN PENGUKUHAN
REINFORCEMENT PRACTICE

Soalan objektif
Objective questions
1 D 4 C
2 D 5 D
3 C

Soalan subjektif
Subjective questions

Bahagian A
Section A

1 a)
Karbon
Jenis alat pemadam api
Buih ABC dioksida Air
Type of fire
Foam ABC Carbon Water
extinguisher
dioxide
Bilangan alat pemadam
api
6 11 4 4
Number of fire
extinguisher

[1 markah]

b)

[2 markah]

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 c) ABC
ABC
[1 markah]

d) Jenis serbuk kering/ jenis karbon dioksida .

Dry powder/ carbon dioxide
[1 markah]

Bahagian B
Section B

2 a) X: krim
X: cream

Y: merah
Y: red
[2 markah]

b) Jenis serbuk kering

Dry powder
[1 markah]

c) Bahan bakar pepejal seperti dari kayu dan kertas.

Flammable solids such as wood and paper
[1 markah]

d)

Tindakbalas antara soda bikarbonat dengan cuka menghasilkan gas karbon

dioksida yang tidak membantu pembakaran. Maka apabila disemburkan ke
atas api, api terpadam.
Reaction between soda bicarbonate powder with vinegar will produce carbon
dioxide gas, which does not support combustion. Thus when it is spray on fire,
the fire extinguished
[3 markah]

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 Bahagian C
Section C

3 a) 1. Jenis pemadam kebakaran

Type of fire extinguishers

2. Tarikh luput pemadam kebakaran

Expiry date of fire extinguishers

3. Bilangan pemadam kebakaran mengikut jenis

The number of fire extinguishers based on types

4. Lokasi alat pemadam kebakaran di sekolah

The location of fire extinguishers in school
[4 markah]

b) Kelas E. Jenis pemadam kebakaran yang sesuai digunakan ialah jenis serbuk
kering / karbon dioksida.
Class E. The suitable type of fire extinguisher to be use are dry powder /
carbon dioxide.
[2 markah]

c)
Kenalpasti masalah Kebakaran yang berlaku di dapur sebuah
Identify the problem restoran
A fire starts in a kitchen of a restaurant

Penjelasan masalah Sumber kebakaran ialah minyak dari dalam kuali/

Clarification of the Kebakaran adalah dari jenis kelas F
problem The source of fire is from oils in the wok /
The fire is class F type
Jenis pemadam api 1. Gunakan pemadam serbuk kering
yang sesuai Use dry powder type fire extinguisher
Types of fire
extinguisher 2. Menggunakan pemadam jenis karbon
dioksida
Use carbon dioxide type fire extinguisher

3. Menggunakan selimut kebakaran

Use fire blanket
Pemadam api paling Gunakan pemadam serbuk kering/ karbon
sesuai dan sebab dioksida kerana ia dapat memadamkan
The most suitable fire kebakaran yang melibatkan lemak dan minyak.
extinguisher and Use dry powder/ carbon dioxide type fire
reason extinguisher because it can extinguish fire that
involve fats and oils.
[6 markah]