Oral
Biguanides Reduce hepatic Metformin 1–2 Weight loss Lactic acidosis, Gangguan fungsi ginjal dan
glucose diarrhea, nausea hati.
production, Hipoksemia
reduce
gluconeogenesis,
weight loss,
glucose,
utilization,
insulin resistance
Glucosidase Reduce Glucose Acarbose, 0.5–0.8 Reduce GI flatulence, Renal/liver disease
inhibitors absorption Miglitol postprandial liver function
glycemia tests
Insulin Sulfonylurea 1–2 Lower Hypoglycemia, Renal/liver disease
secretagogues— Insulin fasting weight gain
sulfonylureas secretion blood
glucose
Macroangiopathy Microangiopathy
Jantung Pembuluh
Penyakit Ginjal Retina
(Penyakit Darah perifer
Cerebrovascular Neuropathy ( Diabetic (Diabetic
Jantung (Ulcus
(Stroke) Nefropathy) Retinopathy)
koroner) Diabeticum)