RESOLUSI GAMBAR

PADA PEMERIKSAAN
MRI

KELOMPOK 2:
1. ACHSAMAL ZIKRY (P21130219003)
2. ATQIYA SABRINA (P21130219015)
3. AZZAHRA SHERINA ANDUTA (P21130219017)
4. HAFSHOH (P21130219030)
5. HELMY ALEX ALFONS (P21130219032)

http://www.free-powerpoint-templates-design.com
PENGERTIAN
PARAMETER MRI
Parameter pada MRI merupakan suatu pilihan
dalam aplikasi komputer MRI yang dapat
mempengaruhi kualitas gambar dari suatu
pemeriksaan MRI.
 TR menentukan jumlah T1 dan pembobotan
proton density.
01

Flip angle mengontrol jumlah T1 dan

pembobotan proton density.
02

TE mengontrol jumlah T2 pembobotan.

03

Dalam membuat sebuah citra, pilihan pulse sequence/ protokol menentukan bobot dan
kualitas gambar, serta sensitivitas terhadap patologi. Parameter waktu dipilih secara
spesifik menentukan bobot gambar.
Ada empat parameter yang
dapat dijadikan
pertimbangan utama yang
menentukan kualitas
gambar yaitu :

• Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR),

• Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR)
• Spatial Resolution,
• Scan Time.
SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio)
SNR didefinisikan sebagai perbandingan
amplitudo dari signal yang diterima oleh
coil dengan amplitudo dari noise. Jika
signal yang sebenarnya relatif lebih kuat
daripada noise maka SNR akan
meningkat, dan kualitas gambar akan
lebih baik..

Ada banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi

SNR. Ada faktor yang memungkinkan
untuk diatur, tetapi ada juga faktor yang
tidak dapat diatur oleh operator, misalnya
kekuatan medan magnet, homogenitas
medan magnet dan densitas proton.
Parameter yang dapat
mempengaruhi SNR dimana
memungkinkan operator untuk
mengatur atau memilihnya Menurut McRobbie, cara paling mudah
diantaranya adalah volume voksel, untuk menghasilkan SNR yang tinggi
adalah dengan menaikkan NSA, tetapi
tipe pulsa sekuens, Number of hal ini juga berakibat dengan
PhaseEncoding Steps (PE), meningkatkan waktu scanning. Sehingga
diharapkan dengan pemilihan NSA yang
jumlah data sampling (frekuensi
tepat akan dapat memperoleh citra yang
encoding), bandwidth, ketebalan bagus dan waktu scanning yang tidak
irisan, FOV, dan NSA atau pada terlalu panjang (sehingga pengulangan
citra karena pengaburan akibat
modalitas MRI tipe lain dikenal pergerakan dapat dikurangi tanpa harus
juga dengan istilah NSA. mengurangi SNR citra.

SNR = Sinyal – Noise

Catatan : Rumus ini hanya dapat digunakan apabila nilai Sinyal dan
nilai Noise sama-sama adalah dalam satuan decibel (dB).
CNR (Contrast to Noise Ratio)
CNR merupakan perbedaan SNR antara organ
yang saling berdekatan. CNR yang baik dapat
menunjukan perbedaan antara dua organ yang
berdekatan. CNR dapat diperoleh dengan
melakukan Region of Interest (ROI) pada dua
obyek yang akan dinilai selanjutnya.

CNR = SA – SB
Keterangan :
SA : Sinyal yang terukur pada daerah A
SB : Sinyal yang terukur pada daerah B
Dalam hal ini, CNR dapat
ditingkatkan dengan cara:
1) Menggunakan media kontras
2) Menggunakan pembobotan
gambar T2
3) Menghilangkan gambaran
jaringan normal dengan
spectral presaturation
4) Memilih magnetization
transfer
 Resolusi Spasial

Resolusi spasial adalah kemampuan untuk

membedakan antara dua nilai yang terpisah
dan berbeda, dan dikontrol dengan ukuran
voxel. Ukuran voxel dipengaruhi oleh :
• Ketebalan slice
• FOV
• Jumlah pixel atau matriks
Voxel yang kecil menghasilkan resolusi spasial yang bagus sehingga
struktur yang kecil dapat dengan mudah dibedakan. Voxel yang
besar, kebalikannya menghasilkan resolusi spasial yang rendah,
sehingga struktur yang kecil tidak terpecahkan dengan baik.
Pada voxel yang besar, intensitas sinyal individual diratakan
bersama dan tidak mewakili hal yang berbeda pada voxel. Hal ini
menghasilkan volume parsial. Semakin tipis slice, semakin besar
pula kemampuan untuk memecahkan struktur yang kecil pada bidang
slice yang dipilih. Mengurangi ketebalan slice bagaimanapun juga
meningkatkan resolusi spasial, sementara meningkatkan slice
thickness akan mengurangi resolusi spasial dan meningkatkan volume
parsial. Namun, slice tipis menghasilkan voxel lebih kecil dan
mengurangi SNR.
Matriks menentukan jumlah piksel dalam FOV. Pixel kecil
meningkatkan resolusi spasial karena pixel kecil meningkatkan
kemampuan untuk membedakan antara dua struktur
berdekatan dalam pasien. Meningkatkan matriks
meningkatkan resolusi spasial. Namun, matriks yang baik akan
menghasilkan voxels lebih kecil dan karena itu akan
mengurangi SNR.

Ukuran FOV juga menentukan dimensi pixel. Untuk matriks

diberi hasil FOV yang besar dalam pixel besar, sementara
FOV kecil menghasilkan piksel kecil. Meningkatkan ukuran FOV
karena itu menurunkan spatial resolution. Namun, hasil FOV
kecil di voxels lebih kecil dan karena itu mengurangi SNR.
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