GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK

Kelompok 1

Achmad Arifin 11194561920035

Darmawati Kurniya 11194561920042
Kadek Dian Purwata 11194561920053
Nur Alisa 11194561920058
Siti Hotijah 11194561920064

PROGRAM STUDI PROFESI NERS

FAKULTAS KESEHATAN
UNIVERSITAS SARI MULIA
BANJARMASIN
2020
Anatomi &
Fisiologi
Ginjal merupakan suatu organ yang berwarna kemerahan,
berbentuk seperti kacang dan terletak dibawah pinggang diantara
peritoneum dan dinding abdomen posterior. Kedua ginjal ini
berada di kanan dan kiri columnavertebralis setinggi vertebra T12
hingga L3.

Bagian fungsional dari ginjal adalah nefron. Nefron merupakan

struktur yang terdiri dari untaian kapiler yang disebut
glomerulus, tempat di mana darah disaring, dan tubulus ginjal
yang mengolah air dan elektrolit apakah akan diserap atau
dilepaskan dan ditambahkan senyawa-senyawa tertentu

(Perlman et
al, 2014).
Masing-masing ginjal manusia terdiri dari sekitar satu juta
nefron yang masing-masing dari nefron tersebut memiliki
tugas untuk membentuk urin (Perlman et al, 2014).

Tiga proses utama akan terjadi di nefron dalam

pembentukan urin, yaitu filtrasi, reabsorpsi dan sekresi
(Sherwood., 2011).
 Definisi

Kriteria penyakit gagal ginjal kronik adalah

terjadi kerusakan ginjal lebih dari 3 bulan
baik secara struktural atau fungsional dengan
atau tanpa penurunan laju filtrasi glomerulus
dengan manifestasi kelainan patologis dan
terdapat tanda kelainan ginjal baik dalam
komposisi darah atau urin atau kelainan
(Bayhakki, 2012).
 Etiologi
Kondisi lain yang dapat merusak ginjal dan menjadi
penyebab CKD antara lain:

a) Penyakit ginjal dan infeksi

Diabetes Melitus 01
b) Memiliki arteri renal yang sempit.

c) Penggunaan obat dalam jangka waktu yang lama

dapat merusak ginjal. Seperti obat Non Steroid 02 Hipertensi
Anti Inflamation Drugs (NSAID (WebMD, 2015)
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Venus Mercury Mars Jupiter

Venus has a Mercury is the Despite being red, It’s a gas giant and
beautiful name, but smallest planet in Mars is a cold the biggest planet
it’s terribly hot our Solar System place, not hot in our Solar
System
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Venus Mars
Venus has a beautiful name, but Despite being red, Mars is a cold place,
it’s terribly hot not hot

Mercury Jupiter
Mercury is the closest planet It’s a gas giant and the biggest planet
to the Sun in our Solar System
 HOBBIES

Venus Mercury Mars Jupiter

Venus has a beautiful Mercury is the Despite being red, It’s a gas giant and the
name, but it’s terribly closest planet to the Mars is a cold place, biggest planet in our
hot Sun not hot Solar System
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